Бородулин В.И., Ланцман М.Н. Справочник: Болезни. Синдромы. Симптомы
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C 0 0 0 )8,-D=0 >=0 =0 (/=0 (/)=
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KKF
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8+0 &8+0&,/+=000 0+40)0 ;
0 =0 0 +0 0 &0 0 ;
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4?808+0?-)0+0;&0-000
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=0++=0&8(04)+0?&)00+40;
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*232
KKL
/000&00400<0))00;
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+0-0/0?0+4040/))0
'0400'0/4/ 04?80. 0);
)0C/>=0--0 )00)004=0?/;
04=0)8000=084=0?4=0-004;
0-=0>D0 0&,/,)000&0;
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+0&?&?04 0?8)D00)0;
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'0 /4/ 0 4?80 *0 0 ?&;
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?+480( 0
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8=0 0/)0C0?00/))0&;
>0 08(0-8(00<0040<0;
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/ 04?800+>+00 +0@(=0>;
00=0?0?8(0 ?+D=0+,0 +;
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'8=0/8=0>0 0D=0?
@/ 0 /0 (0 C?)0 ';
0)00/4/ 04?8004 8(0D
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-D00+/,00&,/0/80<0 0/&0
0 +0 40 0 /0 %/+?0 0 ,
/=0/),-0 ,0',0<0'/80C+=
D=0&80
;+8(0'0C/D=0(;
0 C=0 DM0 &80 (0 +
C=0/=0+)0DM080/
C/DM0 8=0 +,-0 ?0 &0
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+>)0 &0 /+0 ? ,0 ?+0 C=
;>D=0 00C=0&D=008(
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>)(0/0&+0?0++ )0)0;
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0 /0 =0 (/)0 /0 /'80 /?
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/?=0 @/,0 &0 /0 0 80 ;
000('=0+0&=0 0@0?&)0 0;
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0 0 /0 ,0 0 6'0 -0 0 4(
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?0 0 ( 0 /0 0 (/)0 /0 );
8+0 &8+0&,/+=000 0+40)0 ;
0 =0 0 +0 0 &0 0 ;
'0/0 &8(0+)00<00/)0/4/
4?808+0?-)0+0;&0-000
0?+00)40))=0&8 0/40 &
/)0 )0 0 EP0 0 0 &0 @)0 ? ,
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+ + +00'+04/,0/4/ 04;
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0>=0?/0(+ (0-008(0;
0 C?/=0 /8D=0 /+,=0 ';
+,=0/,0/4=0&,0/
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=0++=0&8(04)+0?&)00+40;
?)00+0/&000=0/0+)0;
,,0 ,00C040(D=00@00
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400/4/ 04?8DM00404?8
*232
KKL
/000&00400<0))00;
&?)0<0?00)0 ?0 00/8=0;
&0400=0+0)=0/00 +=0)
04040000+>)0040/)00&>+
+0-0/0?0+4040/))0
'0400'0/4/ 04?80. 0);
)0C/>=0--0 )00)004=0?/;
04=0)8000=084=0?4=0-004;
0-=0>D0 0&,/,)000&0;
=000+0)0?&)0<0)0?)
/ 0)))0/=04000<
?+0 (0 /&0 54)+0 ( 0
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+0&?&?04 0?8)D00)0;
?)0C'=0?0>00D=0?0&'=0=
'0 /4/ 0 4?80 *0 0 ?&;
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?+480( 0
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8=0 0/)0C0?00/))0&;
>0 08(0-8(00<0040<0;
)=0+8> 800<0)=0(+80?0<0+)D=
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/ 04?800+>+00 +0@(=0>;
00=0?0?8(0 ?+D=0+,0 +;
0 C8)),0 =0 /+',=0 //0 4?8=0 ;
'8=0/8=0>0 0D=0?
@/ 0 /0 (0 C?)0 ';
0)00/4/ 04?8004 8(0D
*0 84+0 &0 ?&)0 &8(0 ?,=
0/)000+00*084+
&0 ?0 +&0 0 3, ,0 ',-
80C+0)=04=0=0=00;
-D00+/,00&,/0/80<0 0/&0
0 +0 40 0 /0 %/+?0 0 ,
/=0/),-0 ,0',0<0'/80C+=
D=0&80
;+8(0'0C/D=0(;
0 C=0 DM0 &80 (0 +
C=0/=0+)0DM080/
C/DM0 8=0 +,-0 ?0 &0
C=0+'D=0&0>00 /)0.)
+>)0 &0 /+0 ? ,0 ?+0 C=
;>D=0 00C=0&D=008(
&)(0 /)0 ,0 0 &,0 ,
&/0*0848(0/ (0))(0+),0+;
8080C=0=0?+00D0*0848(
>)(0/0&+0?0++ )0)0;
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KKB
**3""5%
++
#'0/& )0(=0?,-))0?0@;
)M0+0/0 0?)00&>0 0;
+80+,0,0/
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=08(0?(=0=0-/=0=0(00&(=0;
8(0(=0+ 00+ 0?8)=00400=0
-000>0+
*+0&8 0/)0 &0 ,=0/++0 /
E<0+0C/0&>(0?+D=0,00+),00-0;
(000/0004=0400>+0
*(0 +80 )=0 +;00?)=0+;
0',00 0>80&>0*+80 40+
+0? ,00<00&0/0)?; 0C0?+
0 )0/0+800/4)0+0 0 &?+
0@)DM0+80?0& 0 -0&8,0&'8+
04+ 4;&8+=00/00)?00?))+000;
(0&,0&800 80'0*+80+ 0?8;
)0+0&8080?0 0400')
)00?08+0&?+00;
?'04)0+=0+8040'00>0+08?8
+ 0/=0+80?0& 00<0>;
)0'00/8()=0+80+ 0/)004,0
&'0000>,00+ 0*+0+ 0;
?8)00 8(0(0/0/)0?U)?,=0 0;
4/)08+0/8(0 00 +
" 0 /)0 0 ',0 )0 + (0 /=
)?00,0+?'=004000?'0;
(=0 )0 +40 /0 0 '8+0 +0 ;
40 =0 +?'0 +80 0 8+0 )+=
,0*+),00/0+=0 (0/',
0+-,=0+=0?0? )
+
G'00?8(0/40/0;
>)0'0+8>'0* 0+40)))0+0
>+08(0/4004+0+8> 08=0;
08)))00 +=0?+4,08)0 /40;
0)0 00/0/40/,0?=
))00)4=0+08)8000/)80;
0C&0D040 0?00 0 /40
&8(0/+(=0(0004/0(4=
400>)0/'0/400+?4 0
2+80 I J0 0 I)J0 ? ,0 0 0 8(
/4=0 +0 I?J0 <0 ,0 ,0 +8> 0 80 *;
0I+;J0? 0 08(008(0 =0I;
;J0<0((0=0 -=04(0 =0I;J0<0(0 8;
(0 0
8/),0 0 0 A0 '80 C)?80 0 4+
'8(0 /8(0 =0 0 8(0 ?,0 0 +
?08D00 0C)?8004+0 (
/8(0=008(0?,00/(0(0
+?D
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KKO
+?0&8 0+0'80(050?,-
+?0 <0 ?+480 ?0
=0 @'=0 ?))
(=0&'0+?=0)0?=0+0*0;
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0++0&00/+0?&0!
*?0 '0 (0 -0 ?0 0 4
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),-)0 0 4(0 0 0 -0 *0 ?0 4
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C@/80&'00++=0+?0(=0+D=0
+40&0@00+>
8+0+++0/)0 0&80)0&00;
=0)0)00/400>00+40&/0&
0 +0+0/),)040=0&004(
)(=0+00?00(=0>0+ )
*0+08)))040&0 00-
0 (=0 0 +,-0 (,,0 ?,0 '0 CIJD
T0 4)0 0 +0 0 )0 &?
? 0*0&0)00&084=0;
0)=0)),)0 080?=0;
4)00000?/40+ 0++;
0+400+0<0/0?00;
0@?'00+/8+=00)40(0=
+0&0/+000?=0+400 ;
/0&0?)=0/00 0(0+0?)0;
0 0400+?000(00'
40 )0 4/)0 0 +0 0 ++
&U)),0/+0=0,-(00+?0)
? 0+408)0+80+00/8(0;
?=0/',00?0C0(D00?0C+;
?800/04?8D00'',0C++D
*0+(0+40(/0>0+4?0;
)0C8))+008(0++(0? D0200/;
00+?0 &808+0)+0 0 ?&;
)=0&00=0+ 00/04?=0;
=040+8=00-/04?8=0&(/+00
(0C/0+ 8(04?=0 /0 4?8=0;
)0/0=0 0?0=0/00
)0+ 8=00?800/D0N&80'084
?8(0>=0/)0?+0&U+0 0+ 0&(;
/+0 )0')000(0
/0/ 040&80+>00?,;
-)0+00+?00 0 0/0))08;
48(0?=00?+4000 (0;
'00 0(),)0&0:B0 =0>8000+;
+80*0/?00/00+?0+/0/)
/80C/+?0 0 P<:P0 +n0 D=0+,;
-0 (0 ',0 0 +?0 *0 &/0 0 @/;
0++00&'0?040( 0+>;
KKB
**3""5%
++
#'0/& )0(=0?,-))0?0@;
)M0+0/0 0?)00&>0 0;
+80+,0,0/
*+80 ,)004=0?0& 00=0;
=08(0?(=0=0-/=0=0(00&(=0;
8(0(=0+ 00+ 0?8)=00400=0
-000>0+
*+0&8 0/)0 &0 ,=0/++0 /
E<0+0C/0&>(0?+D=0,00+),00-0;
(000/0004=0400>+0
*(0 +80 )=0 +;00?)=0+;
0',00 0>80&>0*+80 40+
+0? ,00<00&0/0)?; 0C0?+
0 )0/0+800/4)0+0 0 &?+
0@)DM0+80?0& 0 -0&8,0&'8+
04+ 4;&8+=00/00)?00?))+000;
(0&,0&800 80'0*+80+ 0?8;
)0+0&8080?0 0400')
)00?08+0&?+00;
?'04)0+=0+8040'00>0+08?8
+ 0/=0+80?0& 00<0>;
)0'00/8()=0+80+ 0/)004,0
&'0000>,00+ 0*+0+ 0;
?8)00 8(0(0/0/)0?U)?,=0 0;
4/)08+0/8(0 00 +
" 0 /)0 0 ',0 )0 + (0 /=
)?00,0+?'=004000?'0;
(=0 )0 +40 /0 0 '8+0 +0 ;
40 =0 +?'0 +80 0 8+0 )+=
,0*+),00/0+=0 (0/',
0+-,=0+=0?0? )
+
G'00?8(0/40/0;
>)0'0+8>'0* 0+40)))0+0
>+08(0/4004+0+8> 08=0;
08)))00 +=0?+4,08)0 /40;
0)0 00/0/40/,0?=
))00)4=0+08)8000/)80;
0C&0D040 0?00 0 /40
&8(0/+(=0(0004/0(4=
400>)0/'0/400+?4 0
2+80 I J0 0 I)J0 ? ,0 0 0 8(
/4=0 +0 I?J0 <0 ,0 ,0 +8> 0 80 *;
0I+;J0? 0 08(008(0 =0I;
;J0<0((0=0 -=04(0 =0I;J0<0(0 8;
(0 0
8/),0 0 0 A0 '80 C)?80 0 4+
'8(0 /8(0 =0 0 8(0 ?,0 0 +
?08D00 0C)?8004+0 (
/8(0=008(0?,00/(0(0
+?D
*"3N
KKO
+?0&8 0+0'80(050?,-
+?0 <0 ?+480 ?0
=0 @'=0 ?))
(=0&'0+?=0)0?=0+0*0;
,-0+?0/0&0(=0( 0&/;
0++0&00/+0?&0!
*?0 '0 (0 -0 ?0 0 4
/0/00+?00@+0 0?0 0;
,0?80>)000 =0 0;
),-)0 0 4(0 0 0 -0 *0 ?0 4
?0/00,0 /0, 0/00+?
C@/80&'00++=0+?0(=0+D=0
+40&0@00+>
8+0+++0/)0 0&80)0&00;
=0)0)00/400>00+40&/0&
0 +0+0/),)040=0&004(
)(=0+00?00(=0>0+ )
*0+08)))040&0 00-
0 (=0 0 +,-0 (,,0 ?,0 '0 CIJD
T0 4)0 0 +0 0 )0 &?
? 0*0&0)00&084=0;
0)=0)),)0 080?=0;
4)00000?/40+ 0++;
0+400+0<0/0?00;
0@?'00+/8+=00)40(0=
+0&0/+000?=0+400 ;
/0&0?)=0/00 0(0+0?)0;
0 0400+?000(00'
40 )0 4/)0 0 +0 0 ++
&U)),0/+0=0,-(00+?0)
? 0+408)0+80+00/8(0;
?=0/',00?0C0(D00?0C+;
?800/04?8D00'',0C++D
*0+(0+40(/0>0+4?0;
)0C8))+008(0++(0? D0200/;
00+?0 &808+0)+0 0 ?&;
)=0&00=0+ 00/04?=0;
=040+8=00-/04?8=0&(/+00
(0C/0+ 8(04?=0 /0 4?8=0;
)0/0=0 0?0=0/00
)0+ 8=00?800/D0N&80'084
?8(0>=0/)0?+0&U+0 0+ 0&(;
/+0 )0')000(0
/0/ 040&80+>00?,;
-)0+00+?00 0 0/0))08;
48(0?=00?+4000 (0;
'00 0(),)0&0:B0 =0>8000+;
+80*0/?00/00+?0+/0/)
/80C/+?0 0 P<:P0 +n0 D=0+,;
-0 (0 ',0 0 +?0 *0 &/0 0 @/;
0++00&'0?040( 0+>;
KFP
*%232
40 00?0)),)080=0;
'800'80+0?)0?&8=0 0 ;
040?0+40&8040/040;
0?800+?A00>+00&0/0+?;
0 =0+&?0(00=0(=0
/'00?04)00+?0&/0/;
00?)=0=080>)=0@;
0/=00400)0>)0
0 -0 5/0 ?0 /(0 0 0 ?,-)0 )
40?0)))0/00(0840+4?;
0/00+ 0(,00@+0 0?0
&80 ++ 8+=0 4/)0 >+0 ?8(0 '=
?00 +0+40
2?0'0(0+40&80/+0/;
0 4)0 &>(0 >=0 4)0 0 0 (>;
0/00+?0580?0 0&80)+
=0 +8=0 +& (0 >0 0 40
+?0+0?80000?)=0 8
>)=0?04)0 8(0050?>)0;
0?0+40&80?+0 00+&;
0 +0 C =0 0 +0 0 /
D000C+=0/0D
00?0)0?0?800;
,0+& =0 =0/000(;
00@+0 0/80>)0&8 04/,)0;
>+0 0 0 40 /0 ,=0 0 /
/+00?+40+0C+=0+?D00&
+ 0?0*+-0+80?
-0 &80 )+0 +8> 8(0 ?&=0 4)0 /(
0C+=080+D00>)0;+8> ;
0/ 0C+D
%?0 -0&80)?004+0 0
+8=00@+0 0&00+8>'8=0,-)0;
/8+0>+=0+00+=004/)04+
00&8+0/++00&00>0 ;
0,=00 ?0 +40 &80 8?04+0/(
040+?0&80 )+04)0'8(0 +;
0C+=00 +0+0D0N00&8;
0/0 00 0?=0&0 80=
/0?0'0?0C)=0?=0 ;
D0-0,000?0'0+;
?0+40?800(00?,0++',
+#
'00+)0C+ 0 D
?00?0 )00+0C&8 0 0+;
+0)+D0> 0 =0=000/;
(0 +?+0 N-0 ?)0 0 0 40
/00&0C&0+D0%40?040;
0? 8(0+ 8(0+)'00'00(0;
8(0(=008(0?&)(0 + 8(0 &0 0 ) ;
=0=0/'
*53.VX03.5%
KFE
0?+00?'00'0? ,0;
/=0?/00&0+0*0/+0+04;
)0+-0 =04)0+4/0/0(;
,0>0+00+ 8+0?8+M00?/+<0 =0?),;
-)00+4/0?/0(,0>0+00)+
>M00&+0<0 =0?, )0+4/0+0>(
+ 8(0)?0&0 0 )0&0+
)008>)0+800/
B<O R00 &=0/0)))0?&00 ?040
? 8=00 0080'0&,>80;
))0?+00 0)00'0
+ 0?800)+,0>0>)0')0@(0A0;
)),)00+ )=0?+800/0*0/ +0;
-+00+0/)(0&0C40/00?/D0
+0)0/48=08=0+8=0&8 0+&;
?80=0),-)00&+0+0/
0+0?00=0 ?0L<E:0/00
08)0?+48004)=000;
00&?0&'00+=00@+0)0&;
0 (/>)=0 )))0 (/=0 ,0 &0 ?0 4
*0'000+)0-000;
/0+40/0,',0&'0+408)00+;
0?8=0)+,0>0000&?,0-00)48(
)(0/0?)0
+/
000+0848+0 ;
+0+++
01
0)))0? 8+0&)+0?
4=00/ +0-+0/08)),0
/0-=0+-0+0?0 0 0'00&,>
+0 ?0 ?+480 / 0 &)0 0 ;
'00+
" 0 *0 +0 +0 ?0 ?')0 ;
? ,0804+=0/00?04=0&00++;
0 /0 *0 &?0 0 +0 &'0 C
,'D0/)00+>0*0/+00(;
+0+0+/,0?,000
* 0 ?, )0 0 '+0 /0 /=
/4/0&=0+0&,/0000;
/0+ 8(0+)'=0++08)00
8(0?&00+0?
+"
("*, "(
#
0 /0 0 ? 0 ;
&0( 0=00?(80080/>
/)=0?+))0/0&0/+0(?)0;
&/+0 &?0 &/=0 0 )?0 0 (8+0 ,';
')+=000/8+0+0/0+40?0;
/&0?,000&0/4/)0+0/0&+0
4,-0 4)0 8+0 88+0 +8+0 C)8+0
+0 /+D=00 0/00&/0&0 ? )0 0 &+0 ;
4)=0 0?+80,/00'0&-,000+=0I+;
,J00 ;=0+? 0)/8,)0+4/0&=00