Бородулин В.И., Ланцман М.Н. Справочник: Болезни. Синдромы. Симптомы
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+ 800'0/00?00F0+0/0K00&
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0 /0 @/+ (0 8>0 0 / (0 ?&0 &
0 ?40 /+0 (/0 0 )(0 0 &-)
/
)0 03&'80/0)
/+0K<L0/00&)+000/0E:0/0 0&?0 -
A0?&=0+)0)0&=040=0?+480;
+)-0&00)(=0(=0+8>'(00<;0/0&?0+40;
8)0+0/0B<O R068+0/)0/0;
'0)))0/0))08(0++0&?
0&/0+8(0++0/0&-+000/)0&?
+ )000&8+0?;?8+=0?40?;;
8+08/)+=0?)0& 000?0 =0+)08;
40 ?M0 0 + ,)0 &0 0 =0 >0 0 (
/0?00/))0000@+0&8 0 ;
=00+=0 0 8+=08,-+0 /0 (,
?0& 0 8+0+0CD0?+4
0+/=0 00)+0&8(08(8(000;
/0 000C?D
T0+(0&8(00800/)0&?0?)0U,=
0&8 0/0 50)))0?,0 0 &,00;
?(=0&8+0?8+0/)+8+=0+0U,803/
?0E<0/)00U,0)),)00;&0'
U,0 0 4/)0 +0 =0 /0 ?0 84;
8+008(0 )(04)0'0CU,D
N0 &,/)0 0 + (0 ?=0 +-;
0 / ,8(0 0 ?/>8(0 3/0 4,)0 &84 8
+ 0?80C+?/DM00@+0?,0&?8
&0 0 4=0 + )0 &?0 0 '0 40
4
EF
.53.V
.)0 U,0 (/0 (0 0 ;
(/=0U,0000+0'0+ (
?03/008(0/0 &?0 + ,)0 0 0;
0?0+ 00 0+=0
0?)4+0 ,0C/)0+)D
T08(0&8(008(0/0&?0 -)0=04;
)04/=0/00+,0?=0&,/,)0&00@;
0&=0>000C@D05&0 80/;
G 0004/8(00))0/0 ;
,)004+0((0/8(8(0
2+)0')00/0&?00/+0/)
K<L0/=0/0/0E:<EB0/0%8080))0/4)
/0EP<E0/00&0.08(0)00+;
0'=0?0+0'=0U,=0 ;
0+ (0?=0/0404/ ;> 0;
0 ,0 /,0 ',0 0 0 0 &>0 /(
8(08(0&?
5 4 ) 00/0&?0C=0=0=
+)D0)?800/+0&0'00&;
+0,-(0( (08(0'
.? ,0 0 0 0 80 0 ;
?0 &8(0 /0 "&80 +/80 /
+),)0 0 0 /0 ?+40 &40 0
0 ?=0 /)++0 ?0 0 +-,0 +++
?=0408/),00000.'80/;
?0/)00+00/+08+08+0;
')+=0'8+0+?+=0?8+0?&)+=
3N;'
" &8 0/)00/+>(0)(00/4
&80 ?00 /0 +00 0 0 /0 /
>+0 0 (/ +0 /0 &(/+80 80 4+=0 ;
'0=0&)0++0-0? ,0+8=0- 8
)'0%0C?D0+0+))0=0&=
00/0+?0&0?80>004)(0&;
0/8
* ?=00=&)805/00/0+/>
?00/0+0?+48080(/8
*/)00+08),=0?)'00;
,0&8(=0 +0,0+-=0 /0(/)0&;
=0/,0/?'08/0&=0/8=0&)=0/4;
/8=08(0/4=0+-)=0/+0&0";
'=0(4,-0?0&8+=0/4800+0?0:<F0
00840+=0+8000&-)00&8+
'0 )0)0 0+/8
)0+/0(/)00/0050(>0?;
00/+0?M0&?00E;0?0+>;
)00?+(0T0?8(0 )0+/=00=0;
)
* 80 0 0 +/80 ?&?80 N
&880 0 //0 ',0 '80 &?0 C=
.53.V
EL
,>=0 =0 /)=0 0 0 /D=0 8?8,-0 )
?0& 0000',0+/00;
0*/,00?,0//0&)80&880;
)0 0 / 0 0>0? 00?0//
/,040
)00580 0))
//A0 / 0 0 )0 >0 0 /8()=
&80 8/)0 ?0 =0 0 ,-0 0 0 ?,
?80))0000/4008(0?((=0/-00;
&(,0 0 ,0 ?0 & 0 N0 ?)0 ( ;
000?0?/00/8()0/=0/,;
-0//+=0)0088+0+=00(0&8 0&80&;
8+=0 /0 4/)0 ++0 (+0 0 /40 +
/>)M0+0&0&80)8+00 8+=0/04)0
,0&0*0 &>(0//(0+ )0>0'=
0)0? =0+0(80
8)0)0(8(0&=0//80/)0/00?;
+04,0(=00)?00 +0&0+40&80);
8+0 0 +8+0 3?;?0 4)0 (0 /0 0 ?
/0/00+0 )0000/+0/,0 ,
/0=0 00&0?/0000/8;
(0 0 )0 80 =0 + ,)0 0 40 ,=
40&8(0/0.0/8(0 ?00+4
4/)0>)+000'05&0?+0?+;
))0+0(0 ,A00/))=00&80/)00&;
=0 0 /))0 &?=0 /0 &0 &0 +=
,0,00 +0 /+03/0+ )0 ;
040?&00?+)00 00)8+00&?? ;
8+084+0'0/0?8,0I//8+0'+J0.;
0?/00/8()00&0+40&0;
0?0/0
/80 /0 )0 ?/0 0 /8()0 )4=0 +
/0>0?080=0>0)0/00;
/+,=0 /0 &,/)0 0 >0 3'8
//80 0 /0 /0 ?0 0 )),)0 0 ?)
&(00&(+
T0/=0/,-(0//+=0+ ,)0>)0'04;
/ ;> 00C(0=0)0=0?800;
8D00/8()0C/ 00/D=0 0/0
+,00(/,0/ 0400 -0?/(
&,0?,0=0=0(=0&(0?+4
4080
. ? 0 ,0 0 0 (0 /8(0 0 ;
?0 0&/)0&
" 0/40&80+8+=0/0?)0+ 8(0;
>0 N-0 &,0 0 +0 +>0 <0 /,
//0C/+D0*0'00 0K<L0/0, )
) )=0&)=0)00)0-=0>/=0?80;
80800&80&00'0&(/+0/0?0+=0
)000&0 0C0)080,00;
D
EF
.53.V
.)0 U,0 (/0 (0 0 ;
(/=0U,0000+0'0+ (
?03/008(0/0 &?0 + ,)0 0 0;
0?0+ 00 0+=0
0?)4+0 ,0C/)0+)D
T08(0&8(008(0/0&?0 -)0=04;
)04/=0/00+,0?=0&,/,)0&00@;
0&=0>000C@D05&0 80/;
G 0004/8(00))0/0 ;
,)004+0((0/8(8(0
2+)0')00/0&?00/+0/)
K<L0/=0/0/0E:<EB0/0%8080))0/4)
/0EP<E0/00&0.08(0)00+;
0'=0?0+0'=0U,=0 ;
0+ (0?=0/0404/ ;> 0;
0 ,0 /,0 ',0 0 0 0 &>0 /(
8(08(0&?
5 4 ) 00/0&?0C=0=0=
+)D0)?800/+0&0'00&;
+0,-(0( (08(0'
.? ,0 0 0 0 80 0 ;
?0 &8(0 /0 "&80 +/80 /
+),)0 0 0 /0 ?+40 &40 0
0 ?=0 /)++0 ?0 0 +-,0 +++
?=0408/),00000.'80/;
?0/)00+00/+08+08+0;
')+=0'8+0+?+=0?8+0?&)+=
3N;'
" &8 0/)00/+>(0)(00/4
&80 ?00 /0 +00 0 0 /0 /
>+0 0 (/ +0 /0 &(/+80 80 4+=0 ;
'0=0&)0++0-0? ,0+8=0- 8
)'0%0C?D0+0+))0=0&=
00/0+?0&0?80>004)(0&;
0/8
* ?=00=&)805/00/0+/>
?00/0+0?+48080(/8
*/)00+08),=0?)'00;
,0&8(=0 +0,0+-=0 /0(/)0&;
=0/,0/?'08/0&=0/8=0&)=0/4;
/8=08(0/4=0+-)=0/+0&0";
'=0(4,-0?0&8+=0/4800+0?0:<F0
00840+=0+8000&-)00&8+
'0 )0)0 0+/8
)0+/0(/)00/0050(>0?;
00/+0?M0&?00E;0?0+>;
)00?+(0T0?8(0 )0+/=00=0;
)
* 80 0 0 +/80 ?&?80 N
&880 0 //0 ',0 '80 &?0 C=
.53.V
EL
,>=0 =0 /)=0 0 0 /D=0 8?8,-0 )
?0& 0000',0+/00;
0*/,00?,0//0&)80&880;
)0 0 / 0 0>0? 00?0//
/,040
)00580 0))
//A0 / 0 0 )0 >0 0 /8()=
&80 8/)0 ?0 =0 0 ,-0 0 0 ?,
?80))0000/4008(0?((=0/-00;
&(,0 0 ,0 ?0 & 0 N0 ?)0 ( ;
000?0?/00/8()0/=0/,;
-0//+=0)0088+0+=00(0&8 0&80&;
8+=0 /0 4/)0 ++0 (+0 0 /40 +
/>)M0+0&0&80)8+00 8+=0/04)0
,0&0*0 &>(0//(0+ )0>0'=
0)0? =0+0(80
8)0)0(8(0&=0//80/)0/00?;
+04,0(=00)?00 +0&0+40&80);
8+0 0 +8+0 3?;?0 4)0 (0 /0 0 ?
/0/00+0 )0000/+0/,0 ,
/0=0 00&0?/0000/8;
(0 0 )0 80 =0 + ,)0 0 40 ,=
40&8(0/0.0/8(0 ?00+4
4/)0>)+000'05&0?+0?+;
))0+0(0 ,A00/))=00&80/)00&;
=0 0 /))0 &?=0 /0 &0 &0 +=
,0,00 +0 /+03/0+ )0 ;
040?&00?+)00 00)8+00&?? ;
8+084+0'0/0?8,0I//8+0'+J0.;
0?/00/8()00&0+40&0;
0?0/0
/80 /0 )0 ?/0 0 /8()0 )4=0 +
/0>0?080=0>0)0/00;
/+,=0 /0 &,/)0 0 >0 3'8
//80 0 /0 /0 ?0 0 )),)0 0 ?)
&(00&(+
T0/=0/,-(0//+=0+ ,)0>)0'04;
/ ;> 00C(0=0)0=0?800;
8D00/8()0C/ 00/D=0 0/0
+,00(/,0/ 0400 -0?/(
&,0?,0=0=0(=0&(0?+4
4080
. ? 0 ,0 0 0 (0 /8(0 0 ;
?0 0&/)0&
" 0/40&80+8+=0/0?)0+ 8(0;
>0 N-0 &,0 0 +0 +>0 <0 /,
//0C/+D0*0'00 0K<L0/0, )
) )=0&)=0)00)0-=0>/=0?80;
80800&80&00'0&(/+0/0?0+=0
)000&0 0C0)080,00;
D
EB
.5%
* ? 000+>0&)8=0/;
00 0 0?+480'/8
* 0<0/4/00+0 0?;
&0((0/8(8(0=0?0?+
("
# '0 /& )0 (=0 ?,-))0 ?0 @;
)0 4?8(0 0 /+0 /)0 &0 0 +8
?=0 0 8004,-00? ,080/;
+8=008(0&/0?04?0@)=00&;
/+8=008(0&/0?0+80/+0+40
+0?)0? 0(0" =00=0;
("
# +(
)", - $
*0<0/& ;
) (0/04?80 )00?0>0KP0
0(4/0/+8040? 0+,0/+80;
>)=0=0040?80?00++0?
/+0 /0 4?80 0 ?0 /0 0 /(0 &8(
/000+40&800+-000)+
>=04000+ 0?8)00/+?8(0?0&;
0/00/0 0 0+ ;
000?+00?8090+ 0?8)0/;
+)0/+00?0?/00+ 0?0+
?8)0 0 ?)0 +)0 )0 0 +8> ;
0=0)0?+0+))0
)000 0?&)0?;
)04/0000>)04)0+ 0?8)
0 0 ?&)0 + ,)0 ))0 )0 + =0 ??/8,-0 ;
0 + )=0 -80 ?880 0 + =0 &
0+)05/04))0+ 0?80,000;
-8(0?+0+ 8(00CH0/)D0.+')0+8> ;
0 0 + 0 ?8)0 0 0 0 ?8+0 0 +
00+ )00 0EPP0+00&0?8;
,00(/00,=0&+,0/,0 0;
0+ 0/40 )=000)))0--;
0 0 4)0 + 0 ?8)0 0 =0 /+;
0 /0 /),)0 ?0 0 / 0 <
44/=0)=0(0=0?(0+ 008/8(++0?/(
&,/)0 /0 0 ?/40 0 /4)0 + 0 <
?0 8/0 + 0 0 )+0 0 +0 + +
?80C/)0>)D
0H00HH0/)(0?&)0?+480 00?/40+ ;
)=0 0 &,0 +0 )=0 (4/=0
?8+0'0/40+ 00)?00/+0/;
04?80?)0>00>0+ 0?8)=00;
?00?+40)0&?&)0++)0C+0"
D0 .80 ?0 0 />))0 ')0 /
&,0 &?,0 +0 + 0 ?8)0 C+0 #
$D00@(0 )(0(80 -0+ )=0&
0 8(0 /4)(=0 )0 ?/M0 &=0 /,-0 0 ;
0 0 /+0 /0 4?80 /
.5%0*.22"W5X01"V
EO
?,00'00+ 0+0&;
0?8+0)))0=0 80 0 00( ;
=0&0,0 0/
. ? 0*0&/0&0&>0? 0/,
-+0&0+?=04&+=0&00?+0(
+ )0 5+=0 ')0 0 )0 ?),0 8)
8&(,-0 /0 8+0 +0 80 + 0 ?8
*0+0'+0/0/)04?0+0 ;
0 '8=0 /,0 (=0 +,0 @ ,0 ;
',=04,0+4/,0&?/0+0&(/+0;
0&80/)=00 0&-0?8000+;
00 0&4)00&0?0/+80/
4?800/000',000?+80/;
04?8=00=0 0+00+ +0?8=0;
0 0+ 0+400 0 +-,0 ?
/)0 0 +-,0 0 /)0 ',
)0 00((0+ 8(000+80+/8
/)0C',=0/,0;00',D08;
)0
"
0H0/0?&)0+-0
5000+?',0&-)00(0+0?=
/',00'00/04?=0+>;
0 ?+0 /+80 8+0 +/,0 ?&0 /0 ;
&8)0040/)=0/+=0>0004+
?/(0+00 +0/0+=0?+)0 &0?=
, ,-04)0/)0+8>'0?0/00&/0.)0+>)
0/?0 ,0+04/00 =0?0'0;
,0, ,0=0 ,0+08(0&,/00;
0+?'00+ )004)0+ 0?8)
&0 ? 0 /A0 +0 P=PPK0 0 0 0 ?
/00 0E0+=00&(/+0 ?0E0+00),M
EQ 000 +8> 0 0 0<0 /
08+00<:0/0C0&00D=0;KP0+8>
C +D0E0?00+)'0)80@00?/0+ ;
)=0)?+00/+0/04?800+=0/,
+8> 80U'000E0+04/00 0E0+=
/0C/D00PP0+0+8> 0E0?00/,00;
0<0+0*/)0/800 )0+=0/;
+0<0 0=0'00=080
4),00?&
5)0?/40+ )00/)0>)0)),)
?+0/)0@0?'0*00?/40+ ;
)04)0+-0?, )00?'0+ 0?8;
)0 .)0 )0 +8(0 ?+40 + 0 ?8)
/)0 0 /0 0 0 E<0 /0 +0 8+
0+ 8+0+0)0?')0?0;
4000++0*?)+00'0)),)0&?;
>0 0 )=0 /+')0 '0 +
?8)0 0 ?,-+0 +0 0 + =0 >0 ;
/+0 ((0 + 8(0 0 0 ?+0 ( 0
/ =0 /)0 >)0 0 8)0 /+8
EB
.5%
* ? 000+>0&)8=0/;
00 0 0?+480'/8
* 0<0/4/00+0 0?;
&0((0/8(8(0=0?0?+
("
# '0 /& )0 (=0 ?,-))0 ?0 @;
)0 4?8(0 0 /+0 /)0 &0 0 +8
?=0 0 8004,-00? ,080/;
+8=008(0&/0?04?0@)=00&;
/+8=008(0&/0?0+80/+0+40
+0?)0? 0(0" =00=0;
("
# +(
)", - $
*0<0/& ;
) (0/04?80 )00?0>0KP0
0(4/0/+8040? 0+,0/+80;
>)=0=0040?80?00++0?
/+0 /0 4?80 0 ?0 /0 0 /(0 &8(
/000+40&800+-000)+
>=04000+ 0?8)00/+?8(0?0&;
0/00/0 0 0+ ;
000?+00?8090+ 0?8)0/;
+)0/+00?0?/00+ 0?0+
?8)0 0 ?)0 +)0 )0 0 +8> ;
0=0)0?+0+))0
)000 0?&)0?;
)04/0000>)04)0+ 0?8)
0 0 ?&)0 + ,)0 ))0 )0 + =0 ??/8,-0 ;
0 + )=0 -80 ?880 0 + =0 &
0+)05/04))0+ 0?80,000;
-8(0?+0+ 8(00CH0/)D0.+')0+8> ;
0 0 + 0 ?8)0 0 0 0 ?8+0 0 +
00+ )00 0EPP0+00&0?8;
,00(/00,=0&+,0/,0 0;
0+ 0/40 )=000)))0--;
0 0 4)0 + 0 ?8)0 0 =0 /+;
0 /0 /),)0 ?0 0 / 0 <
44/=0)=0(0=0?(0+ 008/8(++0?/(
&,/)0 /0 0 ?/40 0 /4)0 + 0 <
?0 8/0 + 0 0 )+0 0 +0 + +
?80C/)0>)D
0H00HH0/)(0?&)0?+480 00?/40+ ;
)=0 0 &,0 +0 )=0 (4/=0
?8+0'0/40+ 00)?00/+0/;
04?80?)0>00>0+ 0?8)=00;
?00?+40)0&?&)0++)0C+0"
D0 .80 ?0 0 />))0 ')0 /
&,0 &?,0 +0 + 0 ?8)0 C+0 #
$D00@(0 )(0(80 -0+ )=0&
0 8(0 /4)(=0 )0 ?/M0 &=0 /,-0 0 ;
0 0 /+0 /0 4?80 /
.5%0*.22"W5X01"V
EO
?,00'00+ 0+0&;
0?8+0)))0=0 80 0 00( ;
=0&0,0 0/
. ? 0*0&/0&0&>0? 0/,
-+0&0+?=04&+=0&00?+0(
+ )0 5+=0 ')0 0 )0 ?),0 8)
8&(,-0 /0 8+0 +0 80 + 0 ?8
*0+0'+0/0/)04?0+0 ;
0 '8=0 /,0 (=0 +,0 @ ,0 ;
',=04,0+4/,0&?/0+0&(/+0;
0&80/)=00 0&-0?8000+;
00 0&4)00&0?0/+80/
4?800/000',000?+80/;
04?8=00=0 0+00+ +0?8=0;
0 0+ 0+400 0 +-,0 ?
/)0 0 +-,0 0 /)0 ',
)0 00((0+ 8(000+80+/8
/)0C',=0/,0;00',D08;
)0
"
0H0/0?&)0+-0
5000+?',0&-)00(0+0?=
/',00'00/04?=0+>;
0 ?+0 /+80 8+0 +/,0 ?&0 /0 ;
&8)0040/)=0/+=0>0004+
?/(0+00 +0/0+=0?+)0 &0?=
, ,-04)0/)0+8>'0?0/00&/0.)0+>)
0/?0 ,0+04/00 =0?0'0;
,0, ,0=0 ,0+08(0&,/00;
0+?'00+ )004)0+ 0?8)
&0 ? 0 /A0 +0 P=PPK0 0 0 0 ?
/00 0E0+=00&(/+0 ?0E0+00),M
EQ 000 +8> 0 0 0<0 /
08+00<:0/0C0&00D=0;KP0+8>
C +D0E0?00+)'0)80@00?/0+ ;
)=0)?+00/+0/04?800+=0/,
+8> 80U'000E0+04/00 0E0+=
/0C/D00PP0+0+8> 0E0?00/,00;
0<0+0*/)0/800 )0+=0/;
+0<0 0=0'00=080
4),00?&
5)0?/40+ )00/)0>)0)),)
?+0/)0@0?'0*00?/40+ ;
)04)0+-0?, )00?'0+ 0?8;
)0 .)0 )0 +8(0 ?+40 + 0 ?8)
/)0 0 /0 0 0 E<0 /0 +0 8+
0+ 8+0+0)0?')0?0;
4000++0*?)+00'0)),)0&?;
>0 0 )=0 /+')0 '0 +
?8)0 0 ?,-+0 +0 0 + =0 >0 ;
/+0 ((0 + 8(0 0 0 ?+0 ( 0
/ =0 /)0 >)0 0 8)0 /+8
P
.3*5532"W$0.32573$
/0 4?80 ?)0 80 0 ,0 @;
?',0*0/+0 &>(0?+0&,00 ?8
/+@+0 /0 0 &(/+0 &?0 >8
'0+ 0?8)00 =08+0@+0)))0@';
+)=0 ?0E<0+000/)0/,0',
*?/)04?00/+0 004+0;
0 &)80 * 0 +))0 80
+?',0&-)00++0?=0/4/0
(+$"
)"%(.
%0<0 04)0
/?+=0 &0 4+0 @/0 +8
0+)0?&0/?)0/)0?;
)0&8 00/+0 ?=0 -0 0+ 0F<E0 0 *
+0&80'80C0+0 00&8D=0+ ;
=0/800(804)0+00?0/;
?)0 /)0 +40 40 )))0 8+0 +++
)/040+00?00@+0 0?0/;
?0/0?+400,&+0?
)00>0'0+
0/?0/0&0 08>;
00C+0%D=0( 0/000?0@
40>0'0/8(0+0?+0;
/00/?+0 &0+400 0 8+0;
?+=0/ ,0'080/ 0C'?;
++D=0(8+0/&+=0?/40
5+ )0+04=08080/?8=0;
8080?0 00848=0 )0
$
T0+4 0?)0004+0=00)0/;
+=0+8>'80/?8=0 00(0&8(0+ ,0=
8>,0/4006000
?03=00=00>=000(0 )(=0/
/?)0/)00+0 04/)0;
?+=00+40&8040T04-00/?0/;
0+'0)800,0+0/4
0 +,-0 0 ,?,-0 +=0 ;
00@/04
. ? 0 ,0 0 0 (8(0 ++0 <
4)00/?+=0040?0;&(+ 0&;
/)0 . ' 8 0 / ? 0 0 ?&)+=
4/,-+)0 4+=0 /)0 ? 80 /0
/)00'?8(0(
" 0000 80?)0?&;
)A00 0(0? ,0 ,0,00;
+;?,0 &=0 ?0 0 /0 (M0
8(0'(0/)0,0,0.)
)04)0? ,0?,0/=0 &,0?;
=080/=04,-00" 0/?;
+000? 0/8(0+=0/=0@
0/
*+0? ,0/?)0/)00//)0;
800+0+0/07? )0/&0(0
.32
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