Бородулин В.И., Ланцман М.Н. Справочник: Болезни. Синдромы. Симптомы
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&&0=00804,)=0?+0(/08);
0&&0000&,/,)0'?=0;
05
0HH0/0)))0 00?0&/)0&&;
0 0 C80 80 /0 D=0 &0 (0 C?/4
)0 &0 ?&0 &D0 5&-0 )0 &
>)=0+00+?)
0HHH0/0+ )0?(00'=0+;
>)00-)0 =0,)0)0&/0;
)0 0 &&0 0 *0 -)0 )0
4&0&0+40&8040(
T04/8(00/8(0/0?&0 -00?;
+0 /)0 4,-(0 0 /0 ))0 )0 8(
)(0 &0 &=0 8)0 ,=0 =0 0 =
0&0(00/>=0))000(=0?8)00/
C&0 0 (0 0 0 0 0 )0 /0 8>)
/)00/+0(D
" 0, 080=0804+0*0?)+
? ,0 &0 C0 0 0 +0 0 0 +
+8D=0+/8080*080+0;
?8044,-0/0%0+),0,-0+;
8=0=0?,0C,=00TND0+0C0P<
P0 +D0 0 0 &),-0 /0 ?80 OFQ0 @;
8 0 0 /0 8(0 0 0 (0 .)0 +>)0&00(0 ?;
8,00+0/00KQ00&0800&?/+
K:F
5232
'=080 /0+0 0)0 )0?0 (
00?8,0/4,-0/00 0@
0 )0?/)0'?0*0))0 )0?
40(0(/0&(/+0& 0(>00)
00-)08(08/00&')0&&0;
0(0)048+=00?80/0(=0+;
0+400TN;)00&0(
01/0&8 0?)00(;
+0 (=0 0 )?0 0 8+0 8+0 8+
+0 0 + ,0 40 (=0 --0 ?4
(=0 )0 0 +0 4/0 5 0 &&)0
+)=0 ))=0 0 ?80 80 480 /0 /
0 4/0 C/D=0 ,-)0 )8+0 0 (
80&0/00?/=
*+),0 80 /0 '8+0 +=0 /;
00/0(00&00/?0*0&(/+;
0&&,00/,0'0@0&=0;
,0/)0000'?0? ,0/0(=0+),
0TN=0+,0,
015/ 4/)0/8+0 ;
+0?0(=00@+00())0&/000&;
&0004)0(00&>0 0?&0);
?008+08+08+0+00/ +00);
8+0 +05 00&&008)),
&/000?+00(0'00?'
&/0)0? ,0( 080+?+00@;
+0*0+?+0&/00(/)0 '+
/0&&0=00@+0<0 (+M0/0
?+0&0/0C@+?+D0%?+0=00;
=0&0/& =0 +0@+=00+0? 04
&8,0 4)0 +=0 0 @+?+=0 4/)
+00CD00&?+0)'=00?+40?;
0 =0 )0 0 )))0 0 ;
(=008?80/',000@+0?/00 ;
8(0405&0@+000(+80(
+4000?,0
0 0 ?+40 0 &/+0 0 )
/08(0/0 ?0&/000&&
00?0& 0/0(0/00&&,0;
0008080/0/0>00-
/)0)00@0',0480(0(/0,0=
00?/=0/0(0=00=08)0?0(=000;
(0.)0?8)00(0&0 0+),00&
800LPQ0=004080';)0C&'/D=
'00'080000/0
/00)'0&>=00?,04,-0-;
0C80=00&00/0D0*0@+;
0+8,0/&&00 +0 ;
+0000&&00&>=00/)+0+;
=000(0/,0+0>0&08=0+/
00&
52%5513
K:L
/5C1E/
0?0 -00;
000( 00)0/0(=0(;
?)0&?+000&&00?,00;
/0&0'0+0&00+
+0/+0050++0<0(0/
?0>+00>(0*00/0 )=0&';?+;
)0&&)000 +0400')0*/;
40&&000(/+0(0&80>;
80*+),0/0>=0+;00&+4=0/00&;
&,0 0 (0 +=0 /+,0 0 &
>=0)? =0040( 0
!
0<0+0
/
#-
"
0<040=08?0?/+0?;
(0+00+=0&,-+0+4,=0)08;
>,040?/(=080=0,0&00/4/=0;
0 )=0 40 )+0 ?+0 0 ?
+8=0 =0 +?=0 /0 0 /0 5+4)+0 &8
/,)0 0 0A0'8000=0>8
8=00N0+4)0?,)000&-0(4/;
)0?+
0?+000?/)0(/08/),0+4)=
8?80+?+M080+4)=0&80/;
8+0/+0040(/00 0 (?0 +;
M0+4)=0?>0/0/+0(/00+0?;
/(0&?00P R=0C?&=0I>)0JD
*/0/+0(/0(/0080?+
/00848+0+0&-)00?0?;
+00?+/0=0?+0?00/,-+0+&?+
/00&-)=0?,-)0/0/+0(;
/00 )(=08?8,0>)00'=0;
80)),)0 00?)0 (0?;
+00(=0/8(00 0(4/)
? ,0 800+4)0*0 +40 H
+ )084)0&/04=040 0*;
0 0 )0 )),)0 4 0 &=0 ?/0 4=0 ?=
+80 =0 '?0 0 ++)0 0 48(0
0))0(/)0+)00 0K<L0/05/00/;
>+00)40+(00+40())08>)0 ;
048(0 00(/
*0 +40 HH0 0 ?0 ?0 (8(0
4=0, )0/80@+80 0 )0*0 0;
)0 ?)0 ?0 8480 0 48(0 =0 (
'?=00)0E<0/)0)),)0?800? 8+0;4;
8+00&/8+0+ +0/4+8+0=0)),-))0/+
(0?8=0 0&?040(/0+)
0 0<:0/
5+40HHH00(?)0?+0(004
*4800&/8=0(/800-0*0)0?;
0=0)),)0?800+ +0/4+8+0.0
&?&?00+&?
K:F
5232
'=080 /0+0 0)0 )0?0 (
00?8,0/4,-0/00 0@
0 )0?/)0'?0*0))0 )0?
40(0(/0&(/+0& 0(>00)
00-)08(08/00&')0&&0;
0(0)048+=00?80/0(=0+;
0+400TN;)00&0(
01/0&8 0?)00(;
+0 (=0 0 )?0 0 8+0 8+0 8+
+0 0 + ,0 40 (=0 --0 ?4
(=0 )0 0 +0 4/0 5 0 &&)0
+)=0 ))=0 0 ?80 80 480 /0 /
0 4/0 C/D=0 ,-)0 )8+0 0 (
80&0/00?/=
*+),0 80 /0 '8+0 +=0 /;
00/0(00&00/?0*0&(/+;
0&&,00/,0'0@0&=0;
,0/)0000'?0? ,0/0(=0+),
0TN=0+,0,
015/ 4/)0/8+0 ;
+0?0(=00@+00())0&/000&;
&0004)0(00&>0 0?&0);
?008+08+08+0+00/ +00);
8+0 +05 00&&008)),
&/000?+00(0'00?'
&/0)0? ,0( 080+?+00@;
+0*0+?+0&/00(/)0 '+
/0&&0=00@+0<0 (+M0/0
?+0&0/0C@+?+D0%?+0=00;
=0&0/& =0 +0@+=00+0? 04
&8,0 4)0 +=0 0 @+?+=0 4/)
+00CD00&?+0)'=00?+40?;
0 =0 )0 0 )))0 0 ;
(=008?80/',000@+0?/00 ;
8(0405&0@+000(+80(
+4000?,0
0 0 ?+40 0 &/+0 0 )
/08(0/0 ?0&/000&&
00?0& 0/0(0/00&&,0;
0008080/0/0>00-
/)0)00@0',0480(0(/0,0=
00?/=0/0(0=00=08)0?0(=000;
(0.)0?8)00(0&0 0+),00&
800LPQ0=004080';)0C&'/D=
'00'080000/0
/00)'0&>=00?,04,-0-;
0C80=00&00/0D0*0@+;
0+8,0/&&00 +0 ;
+0000&&00&>=00/)+0+;
=000(0/,0+0>0&08=0+/
00&
52%5513
K:L
/5C1E/
0?0 -00;
000( 00)0/0(=0(;
?)0&?+000&&00?,00;
/0&0'0+0&00+
+0/+0050++0<0(0/
?0>+00>(0*00/0 )=0&';?+;
)0&&)000 +0400')0*/;
40&&000(/+0(0&80>;
80*+),0/0>=0+;00&+4=0/00&;
&,0 0 (0 +=0 /+,0 0 &
>=0)? =0040( 0
!
0<0+0
/
#-
"
0<040=08?0?/+0?;
(0+00+=0&,-+0+4,=0)08;
>,040?/(=080=0,0&00/4/=0;
0 )=0 40 )+0 ?+0 0 ?
+8=0 =0 +?=0 /0 0 /0 5+4)+0 &8
/,)0 0 0A0'8000=0>8
8=00N0+4)0?,)000&-0(4/;
)0?+
0?+000?/)0(/08/),0+4)=
8?80+?+M080+4)=0&80/;
8+0/+0040(/00 0 (?0 +;
M0+4)=0?>0/0/+0(/00+0?;
/(0&?00P R=0C?&=0I>)0JD
*/0/+0(/0(/0080?+
/00848+0+0&-)00?0?;
+00?+/0=0?+0?00/,-+0+&?+
/00&-)=0?,-)0/0/+0(;
/00 )(=08?8,0>)00'=0;
80)),)0 00?)0 (0?;
+00(=0/8(00 0(4/)
? ,0 800+4)0*0 +40 H
+ )084)0&/04=040 0*;
0 0 )0 )),)0 4 0 &=0 ?/0 4=0 ?=
+80 =0 '?0 0 ++)0 0 48(0
0))0(/)0+)00 0K<L0/05/00/;
>+00)40+(00+40())08>)0 ;
048(0 00(/
*0 +40 HH0 0 ?0 ?0 (8(0
4=0, )0/80@+80 0 )0*0 0;
)0 ?)0 ?0 8480 0 48(0 =0 (
'?=00)0E<0/)0)),)0?800? 8+0;4;
8+00&/8+0+ +0/4+8+0=0)),-))0/+
(0?8=0 0&?040(/0+)
0 0<:0/
5+40HHH00(?)0?+0(004
*4800&/8=0(/800-0*0)0?;
0=0)),)0?800+ +0/4+8+0.0
&?&?00+&?
K:B
52%5513
5+40Hv00/)0&0&0?00/
0 0 =0 0 )0 0 +4)+0 H=0 HH0 0 HHH0
(0 0 +4)+0 Hv0 0 ,0 0 ;
=0000&>=00&/8=0(/800-
*0 +40 HHH0 0 Hv0 0 0 0 4)
/>+0/))0(+0
C()004)D00;
',005+4)0HHH=0Hv0=0,-0
0(08=0(?,)00++'=088;
(+0 =0 +;0 =0 &?+0 0 ;0 /0 /;
+'0 &?/80 +?0 40 ?;
8(0'0000+40?0)0:<K0/
*0?04080?0?00=0);
))0&>0 0?800+ +0/4+8+=0?;
)0 84)0 ')=0 &)0 8+0 0
/0/0?0?80?0?+480?')0'=
040' 00+8A0@&)0')=0&)
'80?00 80/00 /=00
/),)00&?0/+'00.)008);
)0'80+4)0?,)0/+0 &0 ;
0C00D00/8(0/0 00;
+8+=0/0/))0'00?=000
0'0?0(/)00(040/(=000
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7$?)0/0)+0/0( 0?;
/)040(/00? 80 0=0 -00+;
08>0P R
I2>)0 J0 <0 +0 +4)0 =0 ?,-)0 /
)+0 +=0 0 80 0 /0 /)0 4;
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0 &0 =0 80 )),)0 0 0
/>0(0&>(0'0=00?+0);
,)00,00*/),)0=00 ?,-00)0
* ) 0 + - 00+40?, )000;
/>0 0 0 +-=0 80 =0 40 ?;
,-0;+0)?00 0+0/,0 =0=
) ,0 -=0 0 E<0 0 ''0 80
+48(0 0 0 +0 ?=0 0 0 /
+48+0+++04
*000'0/>0,00 0:P<
FP0+0000&8+0+0+0)=00;
8>)0+00EB0/0B R0.+0&480+400;
0 0 '0 N?+0 0 0 /0 0 &8+
,0 &+8(0 '0 0 (=0 0 0 & )
/8+0+0&-)00)))0 0>+;
0?0
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00?+40&88+0+0&-)00;
48(0 )(0 0 >0 +')'0 *+),0 &;
,-=0?+ 0/=0+8=00&0)48(0 ;
)(0 <0 /8M0 0 0 0 /
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8+0/)0&) ,0800&) 80;
=0? ,0&0>00/)0*?800;
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)?0*00?,0+?00/+00C;
=0+=0/D
0 ',0 +>)0&00=0?'08(0;
'0 ? ,0 ? 0 '/80 CTN;,=0 /;
+,=0 ?0 & =0 ?0 0 +,D0 T,0 +;
+'0?0&0+-0&+48(0 0
080&80?)800)+0+004;
,0?/(
.0+)00+4)0())08>)0 ;
0 0 (/=0 ?+80 0 0 >)=0 8
(80/)0(/0=0?+40?0&;
,-0@/=0&?0
00 0+40&>0? 0+08;
&0 00(/0+0?)0?+
*-
0<0?0?08/0000;
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0+004/0/0 +)0?=0+,-00 /;
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0?/(=0?8+00+)0/80*8>,0/4)
?004/0&,0&0?8(0=004
8(0 -8(0 /=0 (0 0 =0 (=0 0 0 /
5&8 0?0?04/008(/0 ?0000*
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+0/00 0 ?++0=0 0 0 /)
?08405840&0 0?00?&;
)(04/00//'0>050+40&,/)04
0 ?&)(0 =0 4 0 ?8)=0 / ;/0 +8
C+=000+/D
5840?/(+=00+,-)0?(=0&,/)0&8 00;
8 +0 ?80 ?/(0 C+0
(
D0 0 +0 &?;
0?004/0/404)04/=0+=00
4/00 )?0&?0 0?+0 =00 ?,-
0?0@0?00?404/ 0/4+=0+
00&?,004/0//=0++=0//=
0/0840)80?(0(8(0)'
5840-=000+00?+0000,
&>0 '0 4/0 4/ 0 /4+=0 +40 &80 ;
=0 0 0 0 )0 840 &,/)0 &8 0
)?0 &?0 0 &0 8>0 ,0 4/
/4+0 /0 '0 4/ 0 0 0 &4)
0004/ +00)080)0840;
+ )00?0?&8)004/04 =0)0<0
/+0?004/00+0?400/4+
K:B
52%5513
5+40Hv00/)0&0&0?00/
0 0 =0 0 )0 0 +4)+0 H=0 HH0 0 HHH0
(0 0 +4)+0 Hv0 0 ,0 0 ;
=0000&>=00&/8=0(/800-
*0 +40 HHH0 0 Hv0 0 0 0 4)
/>+0/))0(+0
C()004)D00;
',005+4)0HHH=0Hv0=0,-0
0(08=0(?,)00++'=088;
(+0 =0 +;0 =0 &?+0 0 ;0 /0 /;
+'0 &?/80 +?0 40 ?;
8(0'0000+40?0)0:<K0/
*0?04080?0?00=0);
))0&>0 0?800+ +0/4+8+=0?;
)0 84)0 ')=0 &)0 8+0 0
/0/0?0?80?0?+480?')0'=
040' 00+8A0@&)0')=0&)
'80?00 80/00 /=00
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)0'80+4)0?,)0/+0 &0 ;
0C00D00/8(0/0 00;
+8+=0/0/))0'00?=000
0'0?0(/)00(040/(=000
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7$?)0/0)+0/0( 0?;
/)040(/00? 80 0=0 -00+;
08>0P R
I2>)0 J0 <0 +0 +4)0 =0 ?,-)0 /
)+0 +=0 0 80 0 /0 /)0 4;
(/0&0 )00 0 )?)=0 +
0 &0 =0 80 )),)0 0 0
/>0(0&>(0'0=00?+0);
,)00,00*/),)0=00 ?,-00)0
* ) 0 + - 00+40?, )000;
/>0 0 0 +-=0 80 =0 40 ?;
,-0;+0)?00 0+0/,0 =0=
) ,0 -=0 0 E<0 0 ''0 80
+48(0 0 0 +0 ?=0 0 0 /
+48+0+++04
*000'0/>0,00 0:P<
FP0+0000&8+0+0+0)=00;
8>)0+00EB0/0B R0.+0&480+400;
0 0 '0 N?+0 0 0 /0 0 &8+
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/8+0+0&-)00)))0 0>+;
0?0
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00?+40&88+0+0&-)00;
48(0 )(0 0 >0 +')'0 *+),0 &;
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)(0 <0 /8M0 0 0 0 /
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8+0/)0&) ,0800&) 80;
=0? ,0&0>00/)0*?800;
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4;88(,-0 ;'8=0 ;(/80 ;
)?0*00?,0+?00/+00C;
=0+=0/D
0 ',0 +>)0&00=0?'08(0;
'0 ? ,0 ? 0 '/80 CTN;,=0 /;
+,=0 ?0 & =0 ?0 0 +,D0 T,0 +;
+'0?0&0+-0&+48(0 0
080&80?)800)+0+004;
,0?/(
.0+)00+4)0())08>)0 ;
0 0 (/=0 ?+80 0 0 >)=0 8
(80/)0(/0=0?+40?0&;
,-0@/=0&?0
00 0+40&>0? 0+08;
&0 00(/0+0?)0?+
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0<0?0?08/0000;
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4/
0+004/0/0 +)0?=0+,-00 /;
,00,0'0 0?0?08+0&?+0
0?/(=0?8+00+)0/80*8>,0/4)
?004/0&,0&0?8(0=004
8(0 -8(0 /=0 (0 0 =0 (=0 0 0 /
5&8 0?0?04/008(/0 ?0000*
?&8 +0 0 /40 0 4/0 )0 4/
/=0(/0-0+8>'04/00/+8+0&;
+0/00 0 ?++0=0 0 0 /)
?08405840&0 0?00?&;
)(04/00//'0>050+40&,/)04
0 ?&)(0 =0 4 0 ?8)=0 / ;/0 +8
C+=000+/D
5840?/(+=00+,-)0?(=0&,/)0&8 00;
8 +0 ?80 ?/(0 C+0
(
D0 0 +0 &?;
0?004/0/404)04/=0+=00
4/00 )?0&?0 0?+0 =00 ?,-
0?0@0?00?404/ 0/4+=0+
00&?,004/0//=0++=0//=
0/0840)80?(0(8(0)'
5840-=000+00?+0000,
&>0 '0 4/0 4/ 0 /4+=0 +40 &80 ;
=0 0 0 0 )0 840 &,/)0 &8 0
)?0 &?0 0 &0 8>0 ,0 4/
/4+0 /0 '0 4/ 0 0 0 &4)
0004/ +00)080)0840;
+ )00?0?&8)004/04 =0)0<0
/+0?004/00+0?400/4+
KKP
52"5X02N230"
0 ',0 )0 840 /)0 0 0 ?&;
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00 00/0=00&?08
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0 -(
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$#0<0)0?+=08?
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+00)(0&/)0/ 0/0/'0(4/;
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0K R00400)+0>D05(4/0+408?0?+?=
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)0(/=00400))0?+00=008(00;
(/)05(4/,0&,080=08)04=0;
/(/)-)0/4/=00 40)4)0+=0)=0+=0;
/=00)05&0&80(4/)0 0
/0 0 (/,0/00)/0 00 @+0 ?+40?
(/0>=00?000? 0+,00;
+)=00?&4/0!0/00?/4)0';
040(/0/=0@+'0=0040?80?+
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+)'000&>0(000,0
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0 0 +0 0 -0 0 4M0 /+ ,=0 ;
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+ >=0)00K<P R=0O<K R=0: R004
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4=0?040/0M00@+0/8(=
00.0-00?+80.)00/0(80&;
084)0&-)0?+400/0=0/=0(;
0/8(=0&//)=040.00 0/0?
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+8>'=0/8(0(=0 0/=0.0?04
% 8 0 + - 000/0/ 00?/;
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