Бородулин В.И., Ланцман М.Н. Справочник: Болезни. Синдромы. Симптомы
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00+8
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00 00)8(008(08(0+080;
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0'800?+48(0&M0)0, 0?0
0 /0 /40 0 >0 IJ0 M0 8
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+00@+'8+0)4+00/04/)0+;
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>+0/)D=000 08(0&)(<0&-+0;
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8480 >)0 0 0 /0 ?0 0 ;
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+8>'0.)00)?8 00(80&80;
800&0=0+/=0)0)?800?++00
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+/0C80?8D0)0)?8 00?)
0( +0?=0&?)(0=0()(0+;
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&'?=0 +))=0 8=0 =0 =0 D=0 '0 C@?;
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8 /&=0?D=0(4/=0+?8=0/8
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32
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=0040/800 00
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8(0=00@(0+8>'=04+008/+0
800(?,)0'?+=00 ;
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0 ?0 40 0 &0 @0 0 ?0 ?&;
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0 0 +&'0 A0 0 &?+0 -0 /,0 ?/;
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00&,/)0/040&))M0?0<
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0 /4)0 ?0 )&0 =0 (0 0 0 ?=0 /
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CI)0JD=0>0 0000;
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)/ 8(0+8>'=0&00 ?/0 (0&/00 ?/&0 ;
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+ 0 0 +/)0 ++&?')0 M0 >
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+80 =0 @ 0 0 TN=0 ?0 0 /?;
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40 0 8(0 ()(=0 ?0 /0 ;
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000'=00&08(/00 0=0;
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40 )0 0 )0 0 4=0 =0 ?=
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+8>'0.)00)?8 00(80&80;
800&0=0+/=0)0)?800?++00
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+/0C80?8D0)0)?8 00?)
0( +0?=0&?)(0=0()(0+;
+?4 0=0?0'&8(0/
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+80 {
E
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E
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/+ =0/80+/80080/=
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80)/
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8 /&=0?D=0(4/=0+?8=0/8
0/0>)05/)000?00/4
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0 <0 0 /+0 ?0 8+=0 +&'0 0 <
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32
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=0040/800 00
)0 -000&00 0+)0.80>;
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8(0=00@(0+8>'=04+008/+0
800(?,)0'?+=00 ;
,=0,=08/+0=0/+'00/0 )
0 ?0 40 0 &0 @0 0 ?0 ?&;
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40?8(0=00'+00+8>)+0<0 ;
0 0 +&'0 A0 0 &?+0 -0 /,0 ?/;
8=0/)-=0)?8 800&4/,-0 808=0
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'=0040 00+&'808
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/)+80&,0'002=0040&);
00&,/)0/040&))M0?0<
4080?)M0 ?/0<0-0=0 ;
0 /4)0 ?0 )&0 =0 (0 0 0 ?=0 /
?(M0/)-0<0 0/)0 ?0 )&04M
'0<0?00 0++ (0+8>'080'M0)?8;
00&4/,-0<0>0)00 =00;
0 =0 0 0 0 0 0 ?/
0)?8=0&00(M0/U)?8 0<0 )00&)80;
/)000)?800000040;
M0/+00<0/8>=0=0&00/&00;
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HHH '=0040 00 00/000(
00'(M00<0&0&0Hv=0v00
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CI)0JD=0>0 0000;
/00008M0 0<0>0?&)000'0C;
) )0D=0 00 0080M0&/;
0<0>0?&)000+000&)0&/;
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)/ 8(0+8>'=0&00 ?/0 (0&/00 ?/&0 ;
(0=0>0 0000
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=0 ++;&M0 0 >+ (0 (0 <0 />),-
/0C++=0@=0D00/00+0/0;
+ 0 0 +/)0 ++&?')0 M0 >
+),08=0&?&,-00//'8
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+/D=0+80800N?00/0 ,00 )0(;
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+)+0C/?=0@00/D
0++0 00>0?,0? 0;
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+80 =0 @ 0 0 TN=0 ?0 0 /?;
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:LB
5V
0'00+),0)?80080;
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+8>'0+8+0+0" &)0?00 00+;
4+0 &0 ,0 /+0 =0 >,0 ;
0 &-)=0 &+0 0 4,-(0 )(0 0 &
'0'0
0/0+0+),0/800/808=0)?;
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)0 ? ,0 ?',0 8(0=0040 4,
@?,0.)0 )00 00)?8 0;
0@0+0/48(0/0C=0;
=0/D00/0*0+0 0?/)
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>0 0
6>0//,)0 ,080+ 00';
0?00'0+/0?0 0(40?00'0;
400 0?
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0 /)=0 &80 (+,-+0 +0
+,-0 +&?80 0 ))=0 80 0 ++
&,)0&)+0 0&0?80>;
)0/00/,0( 0C 0&/=0,''
0/D0)=0&+8000/)00840/?/'M0&;
0&8 0()0 0>00+,-+)000;
+0 0 =0 ?0 4/)0 /8+0
'8+0+ +0>)+00?80/?/);
,000&>080
40C 0?D0<0(0&0;
0)00+8+=08+00/8+0;
>)+0?=00=00'00 +0 +0(;
0 C+0 &80 0 '0 +)=0 8>)0 ;
00@+')0 D00)-0+)00+
00 0 0 0?0?+,0+;
80>)=00 0/0C+0&0 ;
)0I )0/JD0)))0&?8+0/ ;/8;
+0 +=0 >)+0 -)=0 /8()=0
'=08+0++0CI) JD=00?08(0&8
+0&80?800&'80&-00&,/,)0;
0/4)00 A0&8000)0)
(/M0+0?0?+0=0)=0 0000;
0 0C+D00,0?+0'
0)),)0 -000I J=0I J00/080;
>)0 (?,)0 &,0 @+'=0 &80 +0 ;
)=0,00&8+08+0')+00?+=0
(/)-+008/)0T0++0+ )00&;
)0 /8,-()0 /)0 &0 &)(0 0 ;
00 0&/0I@+')0J=0/0;
)0 0 &0 /+8+0 0 8+0 /0 &,/,)
(0?,-0+?=0/0/0)+0(+,-
5V
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'0?0+)08))0=0 000)?03 0+;
?0&8 0/800? ,)08+0+0+);
0 ,-)0@?/ 0,'800)=0&;
?800/0)?800(+,-0'
" 0 ,0 0 )0 C0 ?+4D0 (+;
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0 /)0 '0 (=0 +40 +)0 0 >
&/,-+00 +0)05&)?0/0?;
0;&/0? 0'/8=0000+
0&+04)=0 00I0 0=00/J=00))
0/)+0?0+/,)0? 80/80/;
=0?8000/8
"4
0<0&0)0+0?=0(;
?,-))0)+0?/40&A0+ ,)0/;
)0 @+')0 ?&/+0 0 0 0 &80 -+,=
+)+,=0?,=04&+0 0),-,0,0&
CI0JD=0/0/ )0+)=0)0;
=040&&0>,)00C?0?8)D=0;
8000/8(=080'M0@+')0;
0 0 ?/4,0 /)0 0 0 8 8(0
5&)0)0++0+40?/0 0;
+ 0?&)=00)?00 +08/),0/40I?0/'J=
I?04/J00/0
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80 +0?,05&8 0+0 0C;
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?8=0 ?)=0 ')0 ()D0
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0 &U/)0 ? 80
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)+=0(+0C+0
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D00/0?
0 0 /+0 ,=0 )0 ?,0 0 =
/0+40/00/?'0&8(=000)?
,0 /)0 40 0 0 /=0 0 0 0 &?0 4?
&0*/+=0&,-+0 +'0?=040 ;
00+? 0&)=00 004;
00 00C)0/)0')=0?>)
000&=08?800/,-+0(00;
;/80 ?0 0 /0 +80 0 &(/+0 ;&
?/=0 0/00+0?00?)0+D
?>0)? 0/+8=0()0&00)00+
0=0+0(0 4/00&?=0+)0(0/;
0 0 &-)0 0 )?0 0 @+0 ?0 &0 +-,0 &
00'/,
/0? 8(0+0&0/+,0(0?80C;
&)D0080C&)D0=0404/
/ 0C?04/)D=0(0& 8(0800/00)?;
)+0 0/),)0? 80?-80/)0<08
+=0+8000(0?)?)=0?/000
04/0&?0 =080I0 0 J0+40;
?0+-00/
:LB
5V
0'00+),0)?80080;
'=0/?00@?0 =0 ?=0+8
/ 08=0//80/>;+400@+)',
+8>'0+8+0+0" &)0?00 00+;
4+0 &0 ,0 /+0 =0 >,0 ;
0 &-)=0 &+0 0 4,-(0 )(0 0 &
'0'0
0/0+0+),0/800/808=0)?;
=0 TN;,0 *0 0 @0 0 0 ;
)0 ? ,0 ?',0 8(0=0040 4,
@?,0.)0 )00 00)?8 0;
0@0+0/48(0/0C=0;
=0/D00/0*0+0 0?/)
?',0/8(0 =0 &/00)?0
>0 0
6>0//,)0 ,080+ 00';
0?00'0+/0?0 0(40?00'0;
400 0?
"!
$*0<0'80C(8D00( ;
0 /)=0 &80 (+,-+0 +0
+,-0 +&?80 0 ))=0 80 0 ++
&,)0&)+0 0&0?80>;
)0/00/,0( 0C 0&/=0,''
0/D0)=0&+8000/)00840/?/'M0&;
0&8 0()0 0>00+,-+)000;
+0 0 =0 ?0 4/)0 /8+0
'8+0+ +0>)+00?80/?/);
,000&>080
40C 0?D0<0(0&0;
0)00+8+=08+00/8+0;
>)+0?=00=00'00 +0 +0(;
0 C+0 &80 0 '0 +)=0 8>)0 ;
00@+')0 D00)-0+)00+
00 0 0 0?0?+,0+;
80>)=00 0/0C+0&0 ;
)0I )0/JD0)))0&?8+0/ ;/8;
+0 +=0 >)+0 -)=0 /8()=0
'=08+0++0CI) JD=00?08(0&8
+0&80?800&'80&-00&,/,)0;
0/4)00 A0&8000)0)
(/M0+0?0?+0=0)=0 0000;
0 0C+D00,0?+0'
0)),)0 -000I J=0I J00/080;
>)0 (?,)0 &,0 @+'=0 &80 +0 ;
)=0,00&8+08+0')+00?+=0
(/)-+008/)0T0++0+ )00&;
)0 /8,-()0 /)0 &0 &)(0 0 ;
00 0&/0I@+')0J=0/0;
)0 0 &0 /+8+0 0 8+0 /0 &,/,)
(0?,-0+?=0/0/0)+0(+,-
5V
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'0?0+)08))0=0 000)?03 0+;
?0&8 0/800? ,)08+0+0+);
0 ,-)0@?/ 0,'800)=0&;
?800/0)?800(+,-0'
" 0 ,0 0 )0 C0 ?+4D0 (+;
,-0=0/0+00+0&00+;
0 /)0 '0 (=0 +40 +)0 0 >
&/,-+00 +0)05&)?0/0?;
0;&/0? 0'/8=0000+
0&+04)=0 00I0 0=00/J=00))
0/)+0?0+/,)0? 80/80/;
=0?8000/8
"4
0<0&0)0+0?=0(;
?,-))0)+0?/40&A0+ ,)0/;
)0 @+')0 ?&/+0 0 0 0 &80 -+,=
+)+,=0?,=04&+0 0),-,0,0&
CI0JD=0/0/ )0+)=0)0;
=040&&0>,)00C?0?8)D=0;
8000/8(=080'M0@+')0;
0 0 ?/4,0 /)0 0 0 8 8(0
5&)0)0++0+40?/0 0;
+ 0?&)=00)?00 +08/),0/40I?0/'J=
I?04/J00/0
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80 +0?,05&8 0+0 0C;
0@+'0)4)=0+?')04+0/00=
?8=0 ?)=0 ')0 ()D0
(0
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0 &U/)0 ? 80
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)+=0(+0C+0
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D00/0?
0 0 /+0 ,=0 )0 ?,0 0 =
/0+40/00/?'0&8(=000)?
,0 /)0 40 0 0 /=0 0 0 0 &?0 4?
&0*/+=0&,-+0 +'0?=040 ;
00+? 0&)=00 004;
00 00C)0/)0')=0?>)
000&=08?800/,-+0(00;
;/80 ?0 0 /0 +80 0 &(/+0 ;&
?/=0 0/00+0?00?)0+D
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0=0+0(0 4/00&?=0+)0(0/;
0 0 &-)0 0 )?0 0 @+0 ?0 &0 +-,0 &
00'/,
/0? 8(0+0&0/+,0(0?80C;
&)D0080C&)D0=0404/
/ 0C?04/)D=0(0& 8(0800/00)?;
)+0 0/),)0? 80?-80/)0<08
+=0+8000(0?)?)=0?/000
04/0&?0 =080I0 0 J0+40;
?0+-00/
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V9330%523
" +000//00(0 )(
/ 0 +40 /0 ( +0 0 &-),-+
+/+0/00)008/ 0& 0=0 0+4
40 &+0 >+0 /?+0 ?0 0 /;
+0?&)00&0)48(0 )(0?0+0/;
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/0 0 0 0 &)+0 0 8M0 /
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0 D0 5&8 0 ?+0 0 )0 &+0 &?8(
)=000)/0 00+0&0?)40 00;
(/00 0?0
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&/0 '0 0 ?+40 0 &4/)0 0 )? 8(
)0*0 00&00>0'
/=0+0?U)),=0 00/0 0/&00>=
00/00 (0/)(000;
>0/0),0?+400-)08=0/,;
-0&=0/480(/)00&08(0(=
/000+)0/00?8)00>00/,-+0'
)0 (/)0 0 0 008=00?+00?;
80,0/,
0/40/ ))0+0& +04+=
/8+08?+00)))0+/00(;
0+0 <04/+=0 ?+=0/ 0+4
8?800&8(0 ?+800=0 0?;
/4=00*@+0&)0+000;
)0 CI+)0 /JD=0 &80 ?0 /&80 )=
80 )),)0 ?8+0 )+0 /)0 -)0 &
'080?+00(0&0 ,0&8
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>)(00+/+0/0&,00&,0))
/&400+0+ 0&+=0 0/0))
0840'=00000+0/0/0+/&
"!*"
H!"
#""0<0+?0;
80 &+0 0 0 /0 L0 8(0 /=0 )0 0
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00/0B0/0?8,0+?8+0&+=00B0/0L0;
8(0/0<04/+8+0/+0N08>+0;
&)00EP0/0KQ=00+0+0/0KPQ=00+0<
PQ000+0<0PQ0*8 8+08>+0?8,08;
0 &+0 /)/0 /0 0 &0 ?0 0 0 8>)
),008=00?0+0C+40P00>0K0D=
0+4/0&+)+0C0+00D=00/0
/0+ 8(0 08>)0&+08/);
,0/,-0808A
H 0 <0 >)0 0 (++(=0 ?,>0 0 (/0 /&;
)0/0)'00/,-)00/00;
8(0(00>)0/)00&0@+&=0=
0 =0 ++80 0 0 ?+0 *80 &+
(/00+8(0(0@(0<0/0<:0/
V9330%523
:BE
HH +808A0')0) =0 0 ,-);
)00?++0C/?+D0+=0>0'0)
n0/ =0 08(0 0(08>0&?0/;
0C+4(08(0+D=0>0'0-/04;
?80*0+0&8(0>)(080&+;
0(/00+0+0<0E<E:0/
HHH * 0 ))0 ?+0 +0 <0 +)0 + ;
)00 08>)00+0))A
ED 0?)0C/)=0/)=0//)D0+=0(;
0C++8=080) DM
D + 04/)0@/+)00?08(0+;
>0C&8=0/ 0n0/808&)D
20?8+)0 +;')0/ 0C4/)
')0+8>'80+00&00?D0?0
+(0&0>00>0>00+)0+/'(
&008(0/(0*0?8(08>0 (08
&+0(/00+0+0&+0/0:<F0/
Hv 80?&)0&+A
ED 0/'=0+)=0 )0&?=0M
D 80'A0(=0'+)0')=0;
)0 ')=0 @/+ 0 =0 M0 80 ;
'A0?+?=0(+/?00/
v 54)0 &+A0 +/=0 )480 ?8=0 /;
40n00'8=0804)0/0<08;
?8,08)0&+00+0+0/0L0/
&)0 )0 0 0 &+0 0 80
8?8,00?8+80/808A0+( =0? =
(+ =0 0)?8008+0/)+
*
?, )0 0 -+0 &/0 4;
-00',08))0 08>)00/)0&';
00/)0/00/,-0&+05&/
040'0, 0',00/)08))
@8(0?&=008(0&+0?;
M0+,0n0,0/)0, )0
?)0+=0+ 8(0 (=0+;'0/;
M0/00'0/0/)0'0;
+0&M0& 0/0/4+0
>0+=0&/00?+?=0'+00/=0;
/08000?;05&)?8+0++0&;
/)0 4-80 0 8>+0 &+0 0 +?0 )))
'0))0?/)0+4=00+0 0/00+80;
0 0 +0 @0 &/)0 0 8)80 80 8>)=
4-0),00'?80&8040;
'00=0/0/)0+=0+/; 0;
/00 808>)0040,)0)8+=0;
&(/+0 &/0 0 '?8(0 4/)(0 0 0 ';
(=0 /0 -),0 &0 &0 /0 @/
+8=0+80++00/0'80/)
*/4/0 8>)0 /)0 0 +0 8)8(
=0+00+8(0>)(0&(/+0+;
)0')=00 0 0( 0'0<0(0')