Бородулин В.И., Ланцман М.Н. Справочник: Болезни. Синдромы. Симптомы
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%232
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%332
?8+00+0 0 +)0/00 0'0)0 /
0-(0=0 40&0004/0?;
0& 000
T0/0&0>0?0+0)))0/+0?08(=
0/0/8+0+++0 -0/0%)
*0@+0 )0+0&80+8+00/)00?0;
+
*0 &40 +80 &0 /40 &80 0
( 0'0.0?'0+0?-,0+0;
-M00?>,00(/,0/0++0+M004
'&?040?800/+0 '0?/)0@;
0@/ 0/0C@?//,=0;
,D=0 ?),-0 0 &>0 0 0
)=00400+))=08000;
#""
'00& 0000+?=0
=0'0?0%80 ',0 0 @;
0 C&8=0 8=0 &80 0 /D=0 (0 ;
0'0C8=0 ?8D=0 ,0C8=0/8=
( D=0 (4/,0 C 80 0 8=0 ?,-
0/0?&)0<0=0=0 ;+?0;
+800 /D
)00+0),0)
/?)0 )0 &=0 >=0 =0 0 0
?)00/0+8=0 (/=0 /+=0(/)=0+
0+80/+0%80/+0, 0/
>8(0 +8>'=0 ),-,0 +0 &,0 8=0 ++
0 C?+40 ,0 ?0 0 +0 0 =
/0,0/0)+8+0+00?&/+00+
(D=0 (0 ++0 /?0 C&0 &/0 0 0
0 /0 >8(0 +8>'D0 0 40 ++0 /?
C&0&/00000++000/0D=
&-,0?,0C+0)0=0+(0?=0;
)004D0%80++80 0+408)0/4
0+=0/0080 80?&)=00400/00'04
?0 0 /0 ,0 T 48(0 &8(0 +0 +4
)))0 +0(/00,00,-+0;
+0?)00/08=0/0>8(0+8>'004;
8(0 +40 &80 /+0 0 +=0 0 >0 (/?0
?+0 0 0 0 @(0 )0 0 +0 ?/
>0&0>=0000')00?&0T0/00?;
0/),0++0/>)0"40C/)80/+8>;
0&0/4+000400?/80D0T0/8(
/0 +40 8)0 8&(0 &>0 / 0 0 -0
'=08?08>+0 0/)0*++0+;
=0 +80 ++80 CI+?+JD0 +0 8)))0
&(/+0 ?)=0 0 ?=0 &U+;
8(04)(0?/0 0)+0C++00&'0+?4 D=
')(=0 ;+?0 +=0 ? +0 ;
+0/+0
%332
::L
?,0 +0 /0 />0 ')0 ((0 /8(;
8(00*/0+0&0 04;
00+0T0&8(00&8+0+++0+
0&00)0')000&,00+0(;
/=0&00&80,-)0+
>,-0? 000/ 0+0+0/;
0 0 50 ,+&0 '0 )?0 0 ?+4,
)0C+0
&
$
D0*00?8(
/0?8(00&08(0?0?08>)0;
0/)00&U+0'0,+&)0')0&);
?0 0 +>+0 /?0 0 +0 .0 0
+0&8 08>0*0+0+00+8=0;
/40&>0 0=00&-0 00C';
?D08>0EPPP00E0+0*0?+0+00? 8
0',-=0/40+-0+'8=00'?0&8 ;
0)00000E0+05/000/
0 +0 +0 '?0 +40 &80 8+=0 0 &/+
+'=0/000?+0+00'&04/;
0C!1D0+0&/08=00>0)0')
?00@+0 0?&40/ 0>&
56
0 ?&/)+0 &8 0 40 &0 C+;
)0 =0+=0+D=080,00!
+8+0+0C0'+0 0 +?0 ?0';
8(0 00/'=0(D0&08+0+0C0(=
+/=0 +(=0 ;+?0 +=0 &'0 +?D
>0 0+=08?0+0 =0?;
,00/0/0F0=00?/0 ,)000&0>+0?;
=0&8 0 00/,-(00C=0+=
/0=0 ;+?0+800=0(0/&=
?+=0@+D
%80 +0 C+0
# (
D0 0 );
48(0 )(0+0+=0,-00+;
+=0?0()0+ )080* 080+;
40 &80 @+?0 0 )=0 /0 ?+0 0 &80 ;
+)0 0 (,0 50 0 +0 /0 ??/ 0 ?
80 0 +80 0 ?)0 0 -0 0 4(0 )(
C &0)/'=0&/=0D0*(0+0&80400?;
8(0 & (=0 U,=0 /0 0 /)(0 0 />(0 (/)
80+40&,/)000+(=08?8(0@+=
+0 =0+=0=0++=004
0&+0@//=0?(=0(
*+80 +0 <0 &0 80 0 +
'0 >0 P0 0 *+80 +0 0 ?)0 0 ;
?0)0'0?0/8(0 0*+)08;
)))0 0 K<KPQ0 &8(0 C+=0 /0 =0 +/=
=0@//D05&0)40')000&8(
0 40 ,0C0?+=0(+0/&=0
@+=0 ++0 &?=0 0 0 /0 =
+/?=0'?0 D0*+0/040?&/+
+ 0+00&8(00++0)0
00*+80+00)4=0 -08?8
::F
%332
?8+00+0 0 +)0/00 0'0)0 /
0-(0=0 40&0004/0?;
0& 000
T0/0&0>0?0+0)))0/+0?08(=
0/0/8+0+++0 -0/0%)
*0@+0 )0+0&80+8+00/)00?0;
+
*0 &40 +80 &0 /40 &80 0
( 0'0.0?'0+0?-,0+0;
-M00?>,00(/,0/0++0+M004
'&?040?800/+0 '0?/)0@;
0@/ 0/0C@?//,=0;
,D=0 ?),-0 0 &>0 0 0
)=00400+))=08000;
#""
'00& 0000+?=0
=0'0?0%80 ',0 0 @;
0 C&8=0 8=0 &80 0 /D=0 (0 ;
0'0C8=0 ?8D=0 ,0C8=0/8=
( D=0 (4/,0 C 80 0 8=0 ?,-
0/0?&)0<0=0=0 ;+?0;
+800 /D
)00+0),0)
/?)0 )0 &=0 >=0 =0 0 0
?)00/0+8=0 (/=0 /+=0(/)=0+
0+80/+0%80/+0, 0/
>8(0 +8>'=0 ),-,0 +0 &,0 8=0 ++
0 C?+40 ,0 ?0 0 +0 0 =
/0,0/0)+8+0+00?&/+00+
(D=0 (0 ++0 /?0 C&0 &/0 0 0
0 /0 >8(0 +8>'D0 0 40 ++0 /?
C&0&/00000++000/0D=
&-,0?,0C+0)0=0+(0?=0;
)004D0%80++80 0+408)0/4
0+=0/0080 80?&)=00400/00'04
?0 0 /0 ,0 T 48(0 &8(0 +0 +4
)))0 +0(/00,00,-+0;
+0?)00/08=0/0>8(0+8>'004;
8(0 +40 &80 /+0 0 +=0 0 >0 (/?0
?+0 0 0 0 @(0 )0 0 +0 ?/
>0&0>=0000')00?&0T0/00?;
0/),0++0/>)0"40C/)80/+8>;
0&0/4+000400?/80D0T0/8(
/0 +40 8)0 8&(0 &>0 / 0 0 -0
'=08?08>+0 0/)0*++0+;
=0 +80 ++80 CI+?+JD0 +0 8)))0
&(/+0 ?)=0 0 ?=0 &U+;
8(04)(0?/0 0)+0C++00&'0+?4 D=
')(=0 ;+?0 +=0 ? +0 ;
+0/+0
%332
::L
?,0 +0 /0 />0 ')0 ((0 /8(;
8(00*/0+0&0 04;
00+0T0&8(00&8+0+++0+
0&00)0')000&,00+0(;
/=0&00&80,-)0+
>,-0? 000/ 0+0+0/;
0 0 50 ,+&0 '0 )?0 0 ?+4,
)0C+0
&
$
D0*00?8(
/0?8(00&08(0?0?08>)0;
0/)00&U+0'0,+&)0')0&);
?0 0 +>+0 /?0 0 +0 .0 0
+0&8 08>0*0+0+00+8=0;
/40&>0 0=00&-0 00C';
?D08>0EPPP00E0+0*0?+0+00? 8
0',-=0/40+-0+'8=00'?0&8 ;
0)00000E0+05/000/
0 +0 +0 '?0 +40 &80 8+=0 0 &/+
+'=0/000?+0+00'&04/;
0C!1D0+0&/08=00>0)0')
?00@+0 0?&40/ 0>&
56
0 ?&/)+0 &8 0 40 &0 C+;
)0 =0+=0+D=080,00!
+8+0+0C0'+0 0 +?0 ?0';
8(0 00/'=0(D0&08+0+0C0(=
+/=0 +(=0 ;+?0 +=0 &'0 +?D
>0 0+=08?0+0 =0?;
,00/0/0F0=00?/0 ,)000&0>+0?;
=0&8 0 00/,-(00C=0+=
/0=0 ;+?0+800=0(0/&=
?+=0@+D
%80 +0 C+0
# (
D0 0 );
48(0 )(0+0+=0,-00+;
+=0?0()0+ )080* 080+;
40 &80 @+?0 0 )=0 /0 ?+0 0 &80 ;
+)0 0 (,0 50 0 +0 /0 ??/ 0 ?
80 0 +80 0 ?)0 0 -0 0 4(0 )(
C &0)/'=0&/=0D0*(0+0&80400?;
8(0 & (=0 U,=0 /0 0 /)(0 0 />(0 (/)
80+40&,/)000+(=08?8(0@+=
+0 =0+=0=0++=004
0&+0@//=0?(=0(
*+80 +0 <0 &0 80 0 +
'0 >0 P0 0 *+80 +0 0 ?)0 0 ;
?0)0'0?0/8(0 0*+)08;
)))0 0 K<KPQ0 &8(0 C+=0 /0 =0 +/=
=0@//D05&0)40')000&8(
0 40 ,0C0?+=0(+0/&=0
@+=0 ++0 &?=0 0 0 /0 =
+/?=0'?0 D0*+0/040?&/+
+ 0+00&8(00++0)0
00*+80+00)4=0 -08?8
::B
%332
0?)00 ,0++0C+?=0?0?=0;
40 8(0D=0@ 0/=0+40'/;
00/0? )08+0(/+0
'/0 &0 +0 &8 0 8?0 +;
+0/+=0>,-+0?)',0&(/0
0 0)),-+)04+0 ;+?0+80C?&/+
0@+0 0 040+D=00++/'+0.)0&;
4)0080/)0/0/)+0?0;
0C80/40,?80(0/)0!1D
5 80 0++800+(0)?800;
+0 8(00+?8(0=040<0+0-0+?;
0 5&0 0/,0?/808=0=00=
/4)0 ?8(0 )&0 ,)0 0 0 (0 /
0/0*40(00(/04=00 -0&8
&+8+000+&?0/000 0+
/00?,00*8>0N.0/00+?
0 /'0 4/)0 +0 ?)=0 0 =
=0@ +0/+=0?/8+0>)+=
0?00&//0
5 4 + 0 &0 +0 +0 &80 40 >
C&8 0?,-000&+00++D=0>;
0 8+0 0 C0 0 +&'0 /0 ?
.;/+D=0@//=080=080/;/;
+0?8(0/04)+0&8,0+)=0+&?0&(
0=0+&@+&)0 0=0@80
. ? 0*0+>+0/?0080+0?;
0 ,+&)0 ')0 0 0 /0 0 /))0 ?+4;
8+=0/)0& 0/0=0/)+04;
8(0 880 0 ,0 &,0 ,0 5&)?8
& 00& 0/)000',
8)0?&/)00/0 0 00&+
5&/0, 000+=0/00;
80 &=0 0 >,0 C/)0 8))0 D0 +
=00(/0/)0&(/+08)=000 0+;
0'0C+=0)0/ 8(0?(0=0/;
0(=0+/D00/8(0 0'0C+=0;
+D=0040080
" 0ED0*0?))0&80!1000/)0&;
0/)0+/0? ,0&0.0 )0;
?0& 0 /)0 /)0 @+ ,0 ;
&,0,0T04/8(0+/,0+&',0';
+00+'0C&0+'00+'D=00/ >
0+0<0'0HHH0)0C'+00'D0&
+&',0+'00+'0T0?8(0 +8+0++;
+0?0+0'00+'=0/=0;
+)00+0)0>++0+0 +=0;
8(00'=00/0/800>0? ,0';
80 HHH0 )0 *0 0 0 ' 0 '+
?,0+'0T048(0'=0040 &8(0048+
+++0'&?0+&')0'0HHH0)00+;
'+0*000'+0+0 (0 0 @+0 0;
0/)0++;+?0C&D0
%332
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*0 )0?0& 0/)0!1
&0 +40 &80 ?+0 0 +0 0 8/
>++0 0 0 @0 0 80 '&?0 /
=0/?80?800&'0+8> 0/0/;
)00)48(0 )(
5&8 0? 0 >)00+?'0+80/;
)0/&)00 08(0/(00*0+?'0+;
80&,0,0/0/40EP<E:0/0*0;
+0'=00400+=08?+0+;
'8+0&)+00=0/40 )0/4
&80 0/0<:0/0*/0+0&=0 &80&/)
0'0!1=0/)0,0',0&0+),=
0!10=0/40+0EPP0=0?08(0+'8
),00+0LKQ00(/0())=0+)00;
&,0,=0&0<K0/00?0=00/
/+0 0 ?+40 4=0 /0 =0 &=
+ 0 '0 C 0 =0 /=0 @/;
/00 /D00 +0/0&000@;
00/0!10/0?0 ?0:<:B0
"!"*" )"*++*@
+#"%#*+"
,
"*0#""0
D0 .)0 4)0 0 /)0 0 0 ? ;
+ 0 ?0 ?0 /0 +0 CP=K<
P=K n0n00 0 0EK<P0+D0 0'03?
/40&80/)0/0+0PR03?&8 0/0+/
0 04/=08?8)0//',004)0.=0+>;
'&80 0 0 8>0 0 +&?0 +?8(0 /
)48(0 )(0&,003"004+0)'
+ 14/
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::B
%332
0?)00 ,0++0C+?=0?0?=0;
40 8(0D=0@ 0/=0+40'/;
00/0? )08+0(/+0
'/0 &0 +0 &8 0 8?0 +;
+0/+=0>,-+0?)',0&(/0
0 0)),-+)04+0 ;+?0+80C?&/+
0@+0 0 040+D=00++/'+0.)0&;
4)0080/)0/0/)+0?0;
0C80/40,?80(0/)0!1D
5 80 0++800+(0)?800;
+0 8(00+?8(0=040<0+0-0+?;
0 5&0 0/,0?/808=0=00=
/4)0 ?8(0 )&0 ,)0 0 0 (0 /
0/0*40(00(/04=00 -0&8
&+8+000+&?0/000 0+
/00?,00*8>0N.0/00+?
0 /'0 4/)0 +0 ?)=0 0 =
=0@ +0/+=0?/8+0>)+=
0?00&//0
5 4 + 0 &0 +0 +0 &80 40 >
C&8 0?,-000&+00++D=0>;
0 8+0 0 C0 0 +&'0 /0 ?
.;/+D=0@//=080=080/;/;
+0?8(0/04)+0&8,0+)=0+&?0&(
0=0+&@+&)0 0=0@80
. ? 0*0+>+0/?0080+0?;
0 ,+&)0 ')0 0 0 /0 0 /))0 ?+4;
8+=0/)0& 0/0=0/)+04;
8(0 880 0 ,0 &,0 ,0 5&)?8
& 00& 0/)000',
8)0?&/)00/0 0 00&+
5&/0, 000+=0/00;
80 &=0 0 >,0 C/)0 8))0 D0 +
=00(/0/)0&(/+08)=000 0+;
0'0C+=0)0/ 8(0?(0=0/;
0(=0+/D00/8(0 0'0C+=0;
+D=0040080
" 0ED0*0?))0&80!1000/)0&;
0/)0+/0? ,0&0.0 )0;
?0& 0 /)0 /)0 @+ ,0 ;
&,0,0T04/8(0+/,0+&',0';
+00+'0C&0+'00+'D=00/ >
0+0<0'0HHH0)0C'+00'D0&
+&',0+'00+'0T0?8(0 +8+0++;
+0?0+0'00+'=0/=0;
+)00+0)0>++0+0 +=0;
8(00'=00/0/800>0? ,0';
80 HHH0 )0 *0 0 0 ' 0 '+
?,0+'0T048(0'=0040 &8(0048+
+++0'&?0+&')0'0HHH0)00+;
'+0*000'+0+0 (0 0 @+0 0;
0/)0++;+?0C&D0
%332
::O
*0 )0?0& 0/)0!1
&0 +40 &80 ?+0 0 +0 0 8/
>++0 0 0 @0 0 80 '&?0 /
=0/?80?800&'0+8> 0/0/;
)00)48(0 )(
5&8 0? 0 >)00+?'0+80/;
)0/&)00 08(0/(00*0+?'0+;
80&,0,0/0/40EP<E:0/0*0;
+0'=00400+=08?+0+;
'8+0&)+00=0/40 )0/4
&80 0/0<:0/0*/0+0&=0 &80&/)
0'0!1=0/)0,0',0&0+),=
0!10=0/40+0EPP0=0?08(0+'8
),00+0LKQ00(/0())=0+)00;
&,0,=0&0<K0/00?0=00/
/+0 0 ?+40 4=0 /0 =0 &=
+ 0 '0 C 0 =0 /=0 @/;
/00 /D00 +0/0&000@;
00/0!10/0?0 ?0:<:B0
"!"*" )"*++*@
+#"%#*+"
,
"*0#""0
D0 .)0 4)0 0 /)0 0 0 ? ;
+ 0 ?0 ?0 /0 +0 CP=K<
P=K n0n00 0 0EK<P0+D0 0'03?
/40&80/)0/0+0PR03?&8 0/0+/
0 04/=08?8)0//',004)0.=0+>;
'&80 0 0 8>0 0 +&?0 +?8(0 /
)48(0 )(0&,003"004+0)'
+ 14/
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%332
D0/80+),0 /)0+>)000 /4;
/)08(040.+?0/)0?0P0+0/0;
0/?80&00/?0:0+0n=0?+004/80F0 00;
0:0/0*000+)00+>0;
)0?)00/00(0*0
/+?+0/0?&)00?-04/0C'/8=0&;
80
;'D0/800+/,0/00(0;
)(=0 /0 ?)0 , 0 &,0 0 &?,0 @,
+0C0/+00+0&/00!10+;
'=0 000@?00 8(0+'=0+;
+00,?8D
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?+)0&U+0/008/04/=00)48(0 )(0<
)0/)0/40)0000+)08;
0/0?&00//'=0+00,0?+;
-)0/'04/0C&000D=000/;
'=0//4)0++,0*0+0C/40)
40EK0+@nD0/0 00 0&U+0/+04/;
0<0/0EPPP<EPP0+n=000+0 )0)0)0;
0 0 80 &U+0 /0 EKPP<ELPP0 +0 */
/0? 0=000 0 /&+0 )
C:P0+@nD040?&0?8(0=0/4-(0+
&/0 /80 C+0 KQ0 0 ,?8D=0 &),-(0
+?0
KD0 /0 >)0 )'0 +?0 0 &(/+
/0?0&,0.0*0+0&(/+0
5!0/8+00/8+0+=000;
?0<0? 0?0C/+D
FD040+0?00 /0 0;
0+8(04A0>=0.;/+=00+/=
>)0 +0 /'=0 +=0 @+&0 0 0 *
.;/+0+),0=04?+4,0?+=0&;
80&?0C=0D
LD0*0@ (0/(00/)0K<EP0+0/?;
+0C+D0<0/)0?0?+48+0+0/8()004;
+0.05/+0/0?&)00//40(/+
/8(8(000? 0/0/0, 0+& ;
00C+)00+)D=080+0&8
0/00&,0'0
BD08(00/?+00+80+0/0?;
00:0 00 0&00800+;
+00@00&,0?)'0
?/)0 )0 ++0 ())0 +
0&8(=0 -00+ )0)0(=0/;
0 + ,)0 ?8=0 @ 0 /=0 0 /0 <0 >
( 0?)
6 + 0*0+0+;
0+/)0+0(/>+)00+000&8+0;
80=00 0 ?/0 /8()000=00(+;
004/)03?,0+'A00?8(0FPP0+04;
/8 E0 00 00/0C0/)0/?0''=0LKP0+D=
%332
:KE
0/0<0EP0+n04/80E0 00 00/0T0&+8(00/
/000+),0'0C/)0U')0KP0+0n+0?;
8+00EK0+0<0/)+D06+0?00+=0+,;
-(=0 ++0 ?&>=0 &0 /0 :0 0 *0 +=0 8?+
+0 =00 0+00&0/00=040 +;
/)0(+0C+'=0P0+nn0<0/0FPP0 +n
0)40:0/D
5
0 -0&80/+00;
'0 .)0 ?0 +0 (80 +'80 '?=
+0 0/4)0&=0+0/40,;
?8=0'80?0& 0/)=0/&;
0 0 0 8+0 8?/+0 T0 ?)
&8 0&80&+0.)0400+0
(8A000+=0@ 0/=040 ;
8(000/0 80++80
80<0+)0 )0 00+=0&;
0 0?&0 )000+)'800/0/0EK00*
+0 +08)))0 +?)=0 ?))0 0 (;
)08=0=0+ 0U,0%=08;
?8+80 +0 @/+ 0 =0 -0 ?0 ?/
,000=00 ?0 -0?00'0+40
60 0(=0=0=0008>;
+0 0 0 0 ?80 0 +?80 "+'80 (+;
0 -0 ?0 ?/0 ,0 0 ?+0 40 (/
?0 0 0 /++=0 ?)?8+0 @++0
0?,0/+>(0+8>0T0 0&8(0?,08=0;
00(=0')=0=0(=0+/06;
80 )=0 +&')=0 0 80 &8
!10/08)))080'?0C8>0EPPP00E0+D00;
?0/40,?80%=08?80+00;
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