Schenken Suzanne O’Dea. From Suffrage to the Senate: An Encyclopedia of American Women in Politics (2 Volumes)
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Suffrage rights, 105, 606–607, 631,
647–654, 704, 739–747
and abolitionist movement, 39–40,
209–210, 277, 634, 648–649
for African Americans, 26, 39–40, 124,
209–210, 271–272, 277–278, 472,
647–648, 649, 651, 653–654, 680
amendment passage and ratification,
501–502, 650, 652–653
demonstrations for, 525–527, 651, 652
early, xxxix, 647–648, 650
and Fifteenth Amendment, 41, 271–272,
489, 636, 649, 668, 720–721
and Fourteenth Amendment, 39–40,
277–278, 444–445, 455, 489, 636, 649,
668, 720–721
individuals in movement for, 16, 37–42,
63–64, 72, 73, 74–75, 76–77, 123–125,
209–211, 217–218, 260–261, 341,
396–397, 403–404, 453–455, 675–676,
720
and Nineteenth Amendment, 457–469,
501–502, 527, 652–553
and racism, 124, 271, 614, 651, 653
in South, 614, 653–654
and temperance movement, 659–660,
698–699
See also American Woman Suffrage As-
sociation; Congressional Union; Na-
tional American Woman Suffrage As-
sociation; National Woman Suffrage
Association
Sullivan, Leonor, 240, 654–655
Sumner, Jessie, 655
Supreme Court justices, xxxiv, 293–294,
512–513
Supreme Court, U.S.
on abortion, 5, 6, 7, 8, 20–21, 63, 95,
156, 201–202, 514–515, 536, 537, 538,
581–582, 593, 664, 688–689
on abortion funding, 6–7, 61, 322–323,
350, 415, 538, 593
on affirmative action, 19–20, 361
on child labor, 131, 132, 136
on citizenship rights, 278, 444–445
on contraceptive sales, 117, 226,
536–537
on divorce payments, 519
on homosexual protections, 399
on jury service, 342, 367, 368, 658–659
on military benefits, 282–283, 293
on minimum wage, 18
on occupational qualification, 231
on pay equity, 173
permission of women to practice, 403
on pregnancy discrimination, 112–113,
231, 288, 289–290, 541, 673
on pregnancy leave policy, 152–153,
465–466
on privacy, 88, 308–309
on protective labor legislation, 373,
550
on retirement benefits, 428
on segregation on public transporta-
tion, 147
on sex discrimination, 177, 278,
380–381, 445, 565–566
on sex discrimination and disparate im-
pact, 206, 230
on sex discrimination in education,
674–675
on sex discrimination in employment,
29, 92–93, 145–146, 206, 230–232,
282–283, 293, 295, 334–335, 373, 535,
547, 550, 690–691
on sex discrimination in employment
advertising, 235
on sex discrimination in employment
benefits, 691
on sex discrimination and federal fund-
ing, 148–149, 309
on sexual harassment, 232, 322, 413,
434–435, 609
on suits against presidents, 154
on voter registration, 444–445
Surgeon general’s office, 227–228, 508–509
Tailhook Association, 605, 609
Take Our Daughters to Work Day, 455,
456
Talbert, Mary B., 43, 472, 657–658
Tauscher, Ellen, 658
Taylor v. Louisiana, 342, 368, 658–659
Temperance movement, 38, 76–77,
658–659, 698–699. See also Woman’s
Christian Temperance Union
Terrell, Mary Church, 43, 147, 290, 470,
471, 483, 660–663, 782
Thirteenth Amendment, 705
Thomas, Clarence, 331–333
Thomas, Lera, 663
Thomas, Marlo, 455
Thompson, Ruth, 663–664
Thornburgh v. American College of Obstet-
rics and Gynecology, 538, 664
Thurman, Karen, 665
Title VII. See Civil Rights Act (1964), Title
VII
Title XI. See Education Amendments
(1972), Title IX
Train, George, 40, 636, 646
Transportation safety, 202
Triangle Shirtwaist Company Fire,
665–666
Index 919
Truman, Harry S., 33, 109, 149, 192, 225,
586
Truth, Sojourner, xli, 4, 666–668
Tubman, Harriet, xli, 3–4, 668–670
Tucker, C. Delores, 487(photo)
Tyson, Laura D’Andrea, 109, 110, 670–671
UAW v. Johnson Controls, 231, 673
Underground Railroad, xli, 4, 669–670
Uniformed Services Former Spouses’
Protection Act (1982), 428
Unions, 128–129, 155, 414–415, 630,
718–719. See also Strikes
United Auto Workers (UAW), 414, 485
United Farm Workers of America, AFL-
CIO (UFW), 343–344, 640
United Nations, 21–22, 33, 81, 381, 395,
474, 527, 534, 545, 586, 719
United States v. One Package of Japanese
Pessaries, 324, 536, 599
United States v. Virginia, 673–674
Universal Suffrage Association, 404
Unsoeld, Jolene, 674–675
Upton, Harriet Taylor, 616, 675–676
Vaid, Urvashi, 791
Velázquez, Nydia, 677–678
Veterans preference, 533, 678
Vice-presidential candidates, 58, 254,
268–270, 302, 321, 541–542
Victory 2000 Campaign, 353
Vietnam War, opposition to, 11, 275, 529
Violence, 90, 726. See also Domestic vio-
lence; Nonviolence; Peace movement;
Pornography; Sexual abuse
Violence Against Women Act (1994), 105,
168, 206, 351, 437, 447, 619, 679
Violence Against Women Office (VAWO),
114, 155, 679
Virginia Military Institute (VMI), 673–674
Virginia Women’s Institute for Leadership
(VWIL), 674
Volstead Act. See Prohibition
Voluntary Parenthood League, 195
Votaw, Carmen Delgado, 11, 467
Voter registration, 97, 98, 314–315, 395,
420, 480, 581, 618
Voters for Choice, 643
Voting rights. See Civil rights movement;
Suffrage
Voting Rights Act (1965), 189, 365, 395,
470, 479, 557, 618, 654, 680
Vredenburgh, Dorothy, 192
Vucanovich, Barbara, 680–681
Wage reform. See Minimum wage; Pay
equity
Wald, Lillian, 135, 373, 477, 683–684
Waldholtz, Enid Greene. See Greene, Enid
Wall ace , G eorge, 2 4
Wallace, Lurleen, 297, 684–685
Waters, Maxine, 492, 685–686
Watson, Barbara Mae, 686–687
Watson, Diane, 486
Wattleton, Faye, 687–688, 797
Webster v. Reproductive Health Services,
688–689
Weddington, Sarah, 349, 359, 575,
689–690
WEDO. See Women’s Environment and
Development Organization
Weeks v. Southern Bell Telephone and Tele-
graph Company, 690–691
Weinberger v. Wiesenfeld, 294, 691
Weis, Jessica, 543, 692
Welfare, 692–693
Welfare reform, 532
Welfare rights, 488–489
Wells-Barnett, Ida B., 26, 42–43, 469, 470,
693–694
Westwood, Jean, 193, 694–695
Wexler, Anne, 695
White House Conference on Child Health
and Welfare, 477
White House Conference on Women’s
Rights and Responsibilities, 546
White House Office of Women’s Pro-
grams, 43
White House Project, 542
Whitman, Christine Todd, 297, 695–698,
703
Widnall, Sheila, 698
Willard, Emma Hart, 223
Willard, Frances, 651, 659, 698–699, 704
Willebrandt, Mabel Walker, 699–701
Williams, Mamie, 483
Williams v. Zbaraz, 701–702
Willis, Ellen, 565
Wilson, Dagmar, 707
Wilson, Edith Bolling Galt, 702
Wilson, Heather, 702–703
Wilson, Marie, 455
Wilson, Woodrow, 14, 15, 35, 170, 217,
469, 652
Wingo, Effiegene, 703
WISH List, 164, 552, 703–704
Wollstonecraft, Mary, 704
Woman Patriots, 132, 631
Woman Suffrage Party, 75
Woman’s Bible, The (Stanton), 637
Woman’s Christian Temperance Union
(WCTU), 396, 631, 651, 659–660,
698–699, 700, 704–705, 714
Woman’s Era Club, 471, 592
920 Index
Woman’s National Liberal Union, 288
Woman’s National Loyal League, 39, 636,
705
Woman’s Party, 170, 171, 490, 526, 527,
652
Woman’s Peace Party, 16, 54, 217, 529,
705–706, 714
Women against Pornography, 539
Women and Minorities in Science and
Mathematics Act (1992), 219
Women in Apprenticeship and Nontradi-
tional Occupations Act (1992), 219,
448, 706
Women in Industry Service (Dept. of La-
bor), 35, 708
Women of Color Partnership (RCRC), 567
Women Officers Act (1967), 439
Women Strike for Peace, 11, 529, 706–707
Women U.S.A., 12
WOMEN VOTE!, 229
Women Who Want to Be Women, 242
Women Work! The National Network for
Women’s Employment, 200, 707–708
Women’s Action Alliance, 456, 642, 643
Women’s Agenda, 174
Women’s Agenda Conference, 483
Women’s appointments. See Women’s of-
ficeholding
Women’s Army Corps (WAC), 335, 584
Women’s Auxiliary (Flint auto workers’
strike), 272–273
Women’s Bureau, 35, 142, 236, 383, 394,
510, 529, 533, 543, 631, 708–709, 715
Women’s Campaign Fund, 709
Women’s Clubs, General Federation of. See
General Federation of Women’s
Clubs
Women’s Congressional Caucus, 166, 167
Women’s Educational Equity Act (1974),
105, 244, 709–710
Women’s Emergency Brigade, 272–273
Women’s Environment and Development
Organization (WEDO), 12
Women’s Equal Pay Act, 507
Women’s Equal Rights Legal Defense and
Education Fund, 24
Women’s Equality Day (1973), 11, 125
Women’s Equity Action League (WEAL),
222, 233, 246, 301, 485, 710–711
Women’s Health Equity Act (1990), 168,
325, 711–712
Women’s Health Initiative, 713
Women’s Health, Office of Research on
(ORWH), 712–713
Women’s International League for Peace
and Freedom (WILPF), 16, 54, 529,
706, 707, 713–714
Women’s Joint Congressional Committee
(WJCC), 111, 132, 394, 479, 522, 616,
631, 632, 700, 714–715
Women’s Joint Legislative Committee
(NWP), 238
Women’s liberation movement, 715–716,
723. See also Women’s rights move-
ment
Women’s National Indian Association
(WNIA), 83, 555–556
Women’s officeholding, advocacy for,
155, 191, 192, 194, 197, 225, 257,
279, 497, 676, 690. See also
Gender balance; Political leadership
education
Women’s Organization for National Prohi-
bition Reform (WONPR), 660
Women’s Peace Conference, 341
Women’s Policy, Inc. (WPI), 168, 716
Women’s Political Council (WPC), 147
Women’s Political Union (WPU), 717–
718
Women’s Rights and Responsibilities,
Office of, 213, 546
Women’s rights conventions, xl, 123, 666
Women’s rights movement (19th c.), xli, 4,
13–14, 76–77, 91–92, 307, 606–607,
659, 704. See also Feminism/feminist
movement; Suffrage rights; Women’s
liberation
Women’s Rights Project (ACLU), 29, 113,
293
Women’s status, commissions on,
160–161, 216, 250–251, 472, 474, 476,
542–545
Women’s Strike for Equality, 485
Women’s Trade Union League (WTUL),
35, 237, 550, 617, 631, 706, 708, 714,
718–719
Woodhouse, Chase Going, 719–720
Woodhull, Victoria Clafin, 542, 636,
720–722, 757
Woods, Harriet, 415
Woodward, Charlotte, 607
Woolsey, Lynn, 722–723
Work hours, 94–95, 371–372, 383,
392–393, 457–458, 476–478, 507,
530, 531, 544, 666, 718–719. See also
Protective legislation
Workers World Party, 542
Workplace conditions, 232, 431, 476–478,
510, 665–666, 673
organizations for, 500–501, 708–709
World Affairs Council, 256
World Anti-Slavery Convention (1840), 4,
648–649
World Conference on Women, 545
Index 921
World Women’s Congress for a Healthy
Planet, 12
Wright, Frances (Fanny), xl, 4, 553,
723–724
Wright, Mary A., 638
Year of the Woman (1992), 725
Yellen, Janet, 110, 725–726
Yorkin, Peg, 263
Young Women’s Christian Association
(YWCA), 104, 132, 174, 326–327,
726–728
Zonta International, 144
922 Index
Suzanne O’Dea Schenken is an independent scholar specializing in poli-
tics, feminism, and the political history of Iowa. Her published works in-
clude Legislators and Politicians: Iowa’s Women Lawmakers, and her
columns have appeared in the Sioux City Journal.
