Mona Baker & Gabriela Saldanha. Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies (2nd edition)

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Page672

Rho,Jacobus372

Ricci,Matteo372

Ricoeur,Paul130–3

Rieu,E.V.36,353

Rilke,RainerMaria259,515

Ripley,George323–4

Rivadeneira,P.489

Roan,Uchida475

RobertofKent534

Rodrigues,João469

Roidis,Emmanuel424

Rojas,Ricardo490

Rollin,Charles484

Roman21,25,34–5,134–5,184,197,228,261,267,300–1,314,316,

343,347,349–50,354,356,381,390–1,404,415,419–20,435,441,443–

4,446,461,463,472,477–80,485,494,508,510,533,535–6,540,543,

557

Romanian169,358,510–16

Romero,Jerónimo488

Rónai,MihályAndrás439

Ronai,Paulo343

Rondeau,Guy365–6

Rosetti,C.A.514

Ross,Alexander228

Rotimi,Ola37

Rousseau,JeanJacques323,401,462,472,490–1,505,507,512–13,525,

539

Roy,RamMohan457

Rubow,Paul388

Rushdie,Salman73,138,175–6,466

Russell,Willy94

Russian41,47,84,95,105–8,170,183–4,197,199,238,248,261–2,266,

309,326–7,336–7,341,353,358–60,368,373,377–8,380–2,384,387,

389,399–403,417,421–2,425,433–5,439–40,464,471–2,492,497–8,

502,505–7,512–13,515,517–23,525–6,532–3,547–8,552,557

Russified433–4

Ryer,AndréDu:translation394,407

Ryôi,Motoki470

Rytter,Henrik389

Saarikoski,Pentti402

Saaritsa,Pentti402

SagaralReyes,Lina533

SaintExupery342,507

Sale,George228,351

Salutati,Coluccio460

Sanskrit22,85,142,232,330–2,351,353,370–2,383,450–8,495,497,

514,527–31,553

Sappho123,512

Sarbiewski,MaciejKazimierz506

Sasanian493–4

Saussure,Ferdinandde74,76,190,197,260,301

SayadawShinKaweinda529

Scandinavian18,139,360,385–6,396,398,401,417,422,433,439,447–

8,507,542,549

Schiller,Friedrichvon352,380,389,401,416,431,439,447,491,506–7,

513–4,520–1

Schlegel,AugustWilhelm265–6,268,352,415–16

Schleiermacher,Friedrich35,100,130–1,133,138,182,284,301,416–17,

540

Schooten,FransVan483

Schopenhauer,Arthur360,514,540

Schottel,JustusGeorg413–4

Scot,Michael481,534

Scott,Walter183,352,381,387,422,491,506,514,520,531,539

Scribe,Eugène387

script15,17,49,72,86,159–60,241,249–56,314–16,355,369,419,

450–1,468–9,494–5,510,527–8,531,543,557

selftranslation175,257–9

semasiological290

semiosis260,262–3,300

semiotic,semiotics6–8,13,19,37,39–41,116,149–50,179–81,238,260–

3,265,269–70,306,354

Seneca37,354,388,394,480,504

Septuagint21,141,332,511

servicetranslation84,317–18

Seuse,Heinrich412

sexuality28,122–6,133,137,157,268

Sforza,Bona501–2

Shakespeare,William35,93,110,134,157,183,194,200,236,263–9,

318,324,350,361,368,376–7,380,382,387–9,401,408–9,415–16,

421–2,424,432–3,435,437–9,447,458,464,473,506–7,513–16,525,

531,540,557

Shaw,Bernard508,521

shift6,14,35,41,54,61–2,69,82,95,98,103,105–7,109,112,116,121,

127–8,131,133,138–9,141,143,149,155,160,170,172–3,190,202,

206,209,234,241–2,247,257–9,269–74,277,282–3,292,308,329,

352,354,374,417,427,430,432,445,506–7,552

Shiken,Morita473

Shimei,Futabatei472–3

Shlonsky,Avraham433

Sholokhov,Mikhail433,532

Shôyô,Tsubouchi472–3,475

Shumayyil,Shibli337

ShweiUDaung532

Sienkiewicz,Henryk507

signlanguage,signedlanguage23,46,81,102,274–9,281,354,362,548

Simokata,Theophilactus503

simplification61,229,247,307–9,377,466

Singh,SawaiJai456

SinoTibetan369

Skarlatos,Nikolaos551

Skelton,John350

skopos6,27,72,115–21,180,194,224,249,297–8

Skoryna,Franciszek504

Sládek,JosefV.380

Slauerhoff,J.532

Słomczynski,Maciej507

Slovak378,440,501,525–6

Smart,Christopher484

Smith,Eli336

Smollett,Tobias351

Snellman,Vilhelm400–2

sociocultural26,54,56–8,90,109,125,139,152,179–80,189–91,193,

197,202,225,243,257,279,282,307,309

sociolinguistics10,170,278,224

Page672

Rho,Jacobus372

Ricci,Matteo372

Ricoeur,Paul130–3

Rieu,E.V.36,353

Rilke,RainerMaria259,515

Ripley,George323–4

Rivadeneira,P.489

Roan,Uchida475

RobertofKent534

Rodrigues,João469

Roidis,Emmanuel424

Rojas,Ricardo490

Rollin,Charles484

Roman21,25,34–5,134–5,184,197,228,261,267,300–1,314,316,

343,347,349–50,354,356,381,390–1,404,415,419–20,435,441,443–

4,446,461,463,472,477–80,485,494,508,510,533,535–6,540,543,

557

Romanian169,358,510–16

Romero,Jerónimo488

Rónai,MihályAndrás439

Ronai,Paulo343

Rondeau,Guy365–6

Rosetti,C.A.514

Ross,Alexander228

Rotimi,Ola37

Rousseau,JeanJacques323,401,462,472,490–1,505,507,512–13,525,

539

Roy,RamMohan457

Rubow,Paul388

Rushdie,Salman73,138,175–6,466

Russell,Willy94

Russian41,47,84,95,105–8,170,183–4,197,199,238,248,261–2,266,

309,326–7,336–7,341,353,358–60,368,373,377–8,380–2,384,387,

389,399–403,417,421–2,425,433–5,439–40,464,471–2,492,497–8,

502,505–7,512–13,515,517–23,525–6,532–3,547–8,552,557

Russified433–4

Ryer,AndréDu:translation394,407

Ryôi,Motoki470

Rytter,Henrik389

Saarikoski,Pentti402

Saaritsa,Pentti402

SagaralReyes,Lina533

SaintExupery342,507

Sale,George228,351

Salutati,Coluccio460

Sanskrit22,85,142,232,330–2,351,353,370–2,383,450–8,495,497,

514,527–31,553

Sappho123,512

Sarbiewski,MaciejKazimierz506

Sasanian493–4

Saussure,Ferdinandde74,76,190,197,260,301

SayadawShinKaweinda529

Scandinavian18,139,360,385–6,396,398,401,417,422,433,439,447–

8,507,542,549

Schiller,Friedrichvon352,380,389,401,416,431,439,447,491,506–7,

513–4,520–1

Schlegel,AugustWilhelm265–6,268,352,415–16

Schleiermacher,Friedrich35,100,130–1,133,138,182,284,301,416–17,

540

Schooten,FransVan483

Schopenhauer,Arthur360,514,540

Schottel,JustusGeorg413–4

Scot,Michael481,534

Scott,Walter183,352,381,387,422,491,506,514,520,531,539

Scribe,Eugène387

script15,17,49,72,86,159–60,241,249–56,314–16,355,369,419,

450–1,468–9,494–5,510,527–8,531,543,557

selftranslation175,257–9

semasiological290

semiosis260,262–3,300

semiotic,semiotics6–8,13,19,37,39–41,116,149–50,179–81,238,260–

3,265,269–70,306,354

Seneca37,354,388,394,480,504

Septuagint21,141,332,511

servicetranslation84,317–18

Seuse,Heinrich412

sexuality28,122–6,133,137,157,268

Sforza,Bona501–2

Shakespeare,William35,93,110,134,157,183,194,200,236,263–9,

318,324,350,361,368,376–7,380,382,387–9,401,408–9,415–16,

421–2,424,432–3,435,437–9,447,458,464,473,506–7,513–16,525,

531,540,557

Shaw,Bernard508,521

shift6,14,35,41,54,61–2,69,82,95,98,103,105–7,109,112,116,121,

127–8,131,133,138–9,141,143,149,155,160,170,172–3,190,202,

206,209,234,241–2,247,257–9,269–74,277,282–3,292,308,329,

352,354,374,417,427,430,432,445,506–7,552

Shiken,Morita473

Shimei,Futabatei472–3

Shlonsky,Avraham433

Sholokhov,Mikhail433,532

Shôyô,Tsubouchi472–3,475

Shumayyil,Shibli337

ShweiUDaung532

Sienkiewicz,Henryk507

signlanguage,signedlanguage23,46,81,102,274–9,281,354,362,548

Simokata,Theophilactus503

simplification61,229,247,307–9,377,466

Singh,SawaiJai456

SinoTibetan369

Skarlatos,Nikolaos551

Skelton,John350

skopos6,27,72,115–21,180,194,224,249,297–8

Skoryna,Franciszek504

Sládek,JosefV.380

Slauerhoff,J.532

Słomczynski,Maciej507

Slovak378,440,501,525–6

Smart,Christopher484

Smith,Eli336

Smollett,Tobias351

Snellman,Vilhelm400–2

sociocultural26,54,56–8,90,109,125,139,152,179–80,189–91,193,

197,202,225,243,257,279,282,307,309

sociolinguistics10,170,278,224

Page672

Rho,Jacobus372

Ricci,Matteo372

Ricoeur,Paul130–3

Rieu,E.V.36,353

Rilke,RainerMaria259,515

Ripley,George323–4

Rivadeneira,P.489

Roan,Uchida475

RobertofKent534

Rodrigues,João469

Roidis,Emmanuel424

Rojas,Ricardo490

Rollin,Charles484

Roman21,25,34–5,134–5,184,197,228,261,267,300–1,314,316,

343,347,349–50,354,356,381,390–1,404,415,419–20,435,441,443–

4,446,461,463,472,477–80,485,494,508,510,533,535–6,540,543,

557

Romanian169,358,510–16

Romero,Jerónimo488

Rónai,MihályAndrás439

Ronai,Paulo343

Rondeau,Guy365–6

Rosetti,C.A.514

Ross,Alexander228

Rotimi,Ola37

Rousseau,JeanJacques323,401,462,472,490–1,505,507,512–13,525,

539

Roy,RamMohan457

Rubow,Paul388

Rushdie,Salman73,138,175–6,466

Russell,Willy94

Russian41,47,84,95,105–8,170,183–4,197,199,238,248,261–2,266,

309,326–7,336–7,341,353,358–60,368,373,377–8,380–2,384,387,

389,399–403,417,421–2,425,433–5,439–40,464,471–2,492,497–8,

502,505–7,512–13,515,517–23,525–6,532–3,547–8,552,557

Russified433–4

Ryer,AndréDu:translation394,407

Ryôi,Motoki470

Rytter,Henrik389

Saarikoski,Pentti402

Saaritsa,Pentti402

SagaralReyes,Lina533

SaintExupery342,507

Sale,George228,351

Salutati,Coluccio460

Sanskrit22,85,142,232,330–2,351,353,370–2,383,450–8,495,497,

514,527–31,553

Sappho123,512

Sarbiewski,MaciejKazimierz506

Sasanian493–4

Saussure,Ferdinandde74,76,190,197,260,301

SayadawShinKaweinda529

Scandinavian18,139,360,385–6,396,398,401,417,422,433,439,447–

8,507,542,549

Schiller,Friedrichvon352,380,389,401,416,431,439,447,491,506–7,

513–4,520–1

Schlegel,AugustWilhelm265–6,268,352,415–16

Schleiermacher,Friedrich35,100,130–1,133,138,182,284,301,416–17,

540

Schooten,FransVan483

Schopenhauer,Arthur360,514,540

Schottel,JustusGeorg413–4

Scot,Michael481,534

Scott,Walter183,352,381,387,422,491,506,514,520,531,539

Scribe,Eugène387

script15,17,49,72,86,159–60,241,249–56,314–16,355,369,419,

450–1,468–9,494–5,510,527–8,531,543,557

selftranslation175,257–9

semasiological290

semiosis260,262–3,300

semiotic,semiotics6–8,13,19,37,39–41,116,149–50,179–81,238,260–

3,265,269–70,306,354

Seneca37,354,388,394,480,504

Septuagint21,141,332,511

servicetranslation84,317–18

Seuse,Heinrich412

sexuality28,122–6,133,137,157,268

Sforza,Bona501–2

Shakespeare,William35,93,110,134,157,183,194,200,236,263–9,

318,324,350,361,368,376–7,380,382,387–9,401,408–9,415–16,

421–2,424,432–3,435,437–9,447,458,464,473,506–7,513–16,525,

531,540,557

Shaw,Bernard508,521

shift6,14,35,41,54,61–2,69,82,95,98,103,105–7,109,112,116,121,

127–8,131,133,138–9,141,143,149,155,160,170,172–3,190,202,

206,209,234,241–2,247,257–9,269–74,277,282–3,292,308,329,

352,354,374,417,427,430,432,445,506–7,552

Shiken,Morita473

Shimei,Futabatei472–3

Shlonsky,Avraham433

Sholokhov,Mikhail433,532

Shôyô,Tsubouchi472–3,475

Shumayyil,Shibli337

ShweiUDaung532

Sienkiewicz,Henryk507

signlanguage,signedlanguage23,46,81,102,274–9,281,354,362,548

Simokata,Theophilactus503

simplification61,229,247,307–9,377,466

Singh,SawaiJai456

SinoTibetan369

Skarlatos,Nikolaos551

Skelton,John350

skopos6,27,72,115–21,180,194,224,249,297–8

Skoryna,Franciszek504

Sládek,JosefV.380

Slauerhoff,J.532

Słomczynski,Maciej507

Slovak378,440,501,525–6

Smart,Christopher484

Smith,Eli336

Smollett,Tobias351

Snellman,Vilhelm400–2

sociocultural26,54,56–8,90,109,125,139,152,179–80,189–91,193,

197,202,225,243,257,279,282,307,309

sociolinguistics10,170,278,224

Page672

Rho,Jacobus372

Ricci,Matteo372

Ricoeur,Paul130–3

Rieu,E.V.36,353

Rilke,RainerMaria259,515

Ripley,George323–4

Rivadeneira,P.489

Roan,Uchida475

RobertofKent534

Rodrigues,João469

Roidis,Emmanuel424

Rojas,Ricardo490

Rollin,Charles484

Roman21,25,34–5,134–5,184,197,228,261,267,300–1,314,316,

343,347,349–50,354,356,381,390–1,404,415,419–20,435,441,443–

4,446,461,463,472,477–80,485,494,508,510,533,535–6,540,543,

557

Romanian169,358,510–16

Romero,Jerónimo488

Rónai,MihályAndrás439

Ronai,Paulo343

Rondeau,Guy365–6

Rosetti,C.A.514

Ross,Alexander228

Rotimi,Ola37

Rousseau,JeanJacques323,401,462,472,490–1,505,507,512–13,525,

539

Roy,RamMohan457

Rubow,Paul388

Rushdie,Salman73,138,175–6,466

Russell,Willy94

Russian41,47,84,95,105–8,170,183–4,197,199,238,248,261–2,266,

309,326–7,336–7,341,353,358–60,368,373,377–8,380–2,384,387,

389,399–403,417,421–2,425,433–5,439–40,464,471–2,492,497–8,

502,505–7,512–13,515,517–23,525–6,532–3,547–8,552,557

Russified433–4

Ryer,AndréDu:translation394,407

Ryôi,Motoki470

Rytter,Henrik389

Saarikoski,Pentti402

Saaritsa,Pentti402

SagaralReyes,Lina533

SaintExupery342,507

Sale,George228,351

Salutati,Coluccio460

Sanskrit22,85,142,232,330–2,351,353,370–2,383,450–8,495,497,

514,527–31,553

Sappho123,512

Sarbiewski,MaciejKazimierz506

Sasanian493–4

Saussure,Ferdinandde74,76,190,197,260,301

SayadawShinKaweinda529

Scandinavian18,139,360,385–6,396,398,401,417,422,433,439,447–

8,507,542,549

Schiller,Friedrichvon352,380,389,401,416,431,439,447,491,506–7,

513–4,520–1

Schlegel,AugustWilhelm265–6,268,352,415–16

Schleiermacher,Friedrich35,100,130–1,133,138,182,284,301,416–17,

540

Schooten,FransVan483

Schopenhauer,Arthur360,514,540

Schottel,JustusGeorg413–4

Scot,Michael481,534

Scott,Walter183,352,381,387,422,491,506,514,520,531,539

Scribe,Eugène387

script15,17,49,72,86,159–60,241,249–56,314–16,355,369,419,

450–1,468–9,494–5,510,527–8,531,543,557

selftranslation175,257–9

semasiological290

semiosis260,262–3,300

semiotic,semiotics6–8,13,19,37,39–41,116,149–50,179–81,238,260–

3,265,269–70,306,354

Seneca37,354,388,394,480,504

Septuagint21,141,332,511

servicetranslation84,317–18

Seuse,Heinrich412

sexuality28,122–6,133,137,157,268

Sforza,Bona501–2

Shakespeare,William35,93,110,134,157,183,194,200,236,263–9,

318,324,350,361,368,376–7,380,382,387–9,401,408–9,415–16,

421–2,424,432–3,435,437–9,447,458,464,473,506–7,513–16,525,

531,540,557

Shaw,Bernard508,521

shift6,14,35,41,54,61–2,69,82,95,98,103,105–7,109,112,116,121,

127–8,131,133,138–9,141,143,149,155,160,170,172–3,190,202,

206,209,234,241–2,247,257–9,269–74,277,282–3,292,308,329,

352,354,374,417,427,430,432,445,506–7,552

Shiken,Morita473

Shimei,Futabatei472–3

Shlonsky,Avraham433

Sholokhov,Mikhail433,532

Shôyô,Tsubouchi472–3,475

Shumayyil,Shibli337

ShweiUDaung532

Sienkiewicz,Henryk507

signlanguage,signedlanguage23,46,81,102,274–9,281,354,362,548

Simokata,Theophilactus503

simplification61,229,247,307–9,377,466

Singh,SawaiJai456

SinoTibetan369

Skarlatos,Nikolaos551

Skelton,John350

skopos6,27,72,115–21,180,194,224,249,297–8

Skoryna,Franciszek504

Sládek,JosefV.380

Slauerhoff,J.532

Słomczynski,Maciej507

Slovak378,440,501,525–6

Smart,Christopher484

Smith,Eli336

Smollett,Tobias351

Snellman,Vilhelm400–2

sociocultural26,54,56–8,90,109,125,139,152,179–80,189–91,193,

197,202,225,243,257,279,282,307,309

sociolinguistics10,170,278,224

Page672

Rho,Jacobus372

Ricci,Matteo372

Ricoeur,Paul130–3

Rieu,E.V.36,353

Rilke,RainerMaria259,515

Ripley,George323–4

Rivadeneira,P.489

Roan,Uchida475

RobertofKent534

Rodrigues,João469

Roidis,Emmanuel424

Rojas,Ricardo490

Rollin,Charles484

Roman21,25,34–5,134–5,184,197,228,261,267,300–1,314,316,

343,347,349–50,354,356,381,390–1,404,415,419–20,435,441,443–

4,446,461,463,472,477–80,485,494,508,510,533,535–6,540,543,

557

Romanian169,358,510–16

Romero,Jerónimo488

Rónai,MihályAndrás439

Ronai,Paulo343

Rondeau,Guy365–6

Rosetti,C.A.514

Ross,Alexander228

Rotimi,Ola37

Rousseau,JeanJacques323,401,462,472,490–1,505,507,512–13,525,

539

Roy,RamMohan457

Rubow,Paul388

Rushdie,Salman73,138,175–6,466

Russell,Willy94

Russian41,47,84,95,105–8,170,183–4,197,199,238,248,261–2,266,

309,326–7,336–7,341,353,358–60,368,373,377–8,380–2,384,387,

389,399–403,417,421–2,425,433–5,439–40,464,471–2,492,497–8,

502,505–7,512–13,515,517–23,525–6,532–3,547–8,552,557

Russified433–4

Ryer,AndréDu:translation394,407

Ryôi,Motoki470

Rytter,Henrik389

Saarikoski,Pentti402

Saaritsa,Pentti402

SagaralReyes,Lina533

SaintExupery342,507

Sale,George228,351

Salutati,Coluccio460

Sanskrit22,85,142,232,330–2,351,353,370–2,383,450–8,495,497,

514,527–31,553

Sappho123,512

Sarbiewski,MaciejKazimierz506

Sasanian493–4

Saussure,Ferdinandde74,76,190,197,260,301

SayadawShinKaweinda529

Scandinavian18,139,360,385–6,396,398,401,417,422,433,439,447–

8,507,542,549

Schiller,Friedrichvon352,380,389,401,416,431,439,447,491,506–7,

513–4,520–1

Schlegel,AugustWilhelm265–6,268,352,415–16

Schleiermacher,Friedrich35,100,130–1,133,138,182,284,301,416–17,

540

Schooten,FransVan483

Schopenhauer,Arthur360,514,540

Schottel,JustusGeorg413–4

Scot,Michael481,534

Scott,Walter183,352,381,387,422,491,506,514,520,531,539

Scribe,Eugène387

script15,17,49,72,86,159–60,241,249–56,314–16,355,369,419,

450–1,468–9,494–5,510,527–8,531,543,557

selftranslation175,257–9

semasiological290

semiosis260,262–3,300

semiotic,semiotics6–8,13,19,37,39–41,116,149–50,179–81,238,260–

3,265,269–70,306,354

Seneca37,354,388,394,480,504

Septuagint21,141,332,511

servicetranslation84,317–18

Seuse,Heinrich412

sexuality28,122–6,133,137,157,268

Sforza,Bona501–2

Shakespeare,William35,93,110,134,157,183,194,200,236,263–9,

318,324,350,361,368,376–7,380,382,387–9,401,408–9,415–16,

421–2,424,432–3,435,437–9,447,458,464,473,506–7,513–16,525,

531,540,557

Shaw,Bernard508,521

shift6,14,35,41,54,61–2,69,82,95,98,103,105–7,109,112,116,121,

127–8,131,133,138–9,141,143,149,155,160,170,172–3,190,202,

206,209,234,241–2,247,257–9,269–74,277,282–3,292,308,329,

352,354,374,417,427,430,432,445,506–7,552

Shiken,Morita473

Shimei,Futabatei472–3

Shlonsky,Avraham433

Sholokhov,Mikhail433,532

Shôyô,Tsubouchi472–3,475

Shumayyil,Shibli337

ShweiUDaung532

Sienkiewicz,Henryk507

signlanguage,signedlanguage23,46,81,102,274–9,281,354,362,548

Simokata,Theophilactus503

simplification61,229,247,307–9,377,466

Singh,SawaiJai456

SinoTibetan369

Skarlatos,Nikolaos551

Skelton,John350

skopos6,27,72,115–21,180,194,224,249,297–8

Skoryna,Franciszek504

Sládek,JosefV.380

Slauerhoff,J.532

Słomczynski,Maciej507

Slovak378,440,501,525–6

Smart,Christopher484

Smith,Eli336

Smollett,Tobias351

Snellman,Vilhelm400–2

sociocultural26,54,56–8,90,109,125,139,152,179–80,189–91,193,

197,202,225,243,257,279,282,307,309

sociolinguistics10,170,278,224

Page673

sociological6,28,42,47,53,56–7,70,103,122,176,249,279–82

Sofianos,Nikolaos422

Solzhenitsyn,Alexander326

SophroniusofVratsa358

Sorai,Ogyu469

Sørensen,Knud388

sourceoriented193,264,267

SouthAfrican37,46

SoutheastAsia135,231–2,370,527–33

Soyinka,Wole36,318

Spanish6–7,22–3,33,51,63,82,84,86–7,133,151,169,171,183,188,

202,232,248,253–4,258,265–6,276,302,315,318–20,322,326–7,

337,339,341,350,386–7,389–90,395,407,422,425–6,439–40,461,

464,466,477,486–92,523,527,533–42,545,547–8

Spenser,Edmund350

speechact204–7

spotting15,306

standardization,standardizing16,22,171,248,277,287,290,306,308,374,

399,409,446,545

Staszic,Stanisław505

Statius,Caecilius477

Stavans,Ilan183

Steinbeck,John382,507,533

Steiner,George132,238,345,352,354,516

Steinhoewel,Heinrich413

Stiebitz,Ferdinand382

Št’tného,TomášŠt’tnýZe379

Stockfleth,Niels389

Stoppard,Tom94

Stowe,H.B.29,375,514

strategies,strategy3–6,8–10,16,19,26,29–30,33–5,38,40–1,52–3,57–

8,63,65,67,70–4,79–80,87,89,100,104,106–7,112,115,117,120,

138,149,153,158–60,171,174–6,187–91,196,202,209–11,217–21,

225,229–30,235,237–41,243,268,270,273–4,278,280,282–5,290,

292,323–5,327,351,356,408,416,429–31,499,503–4,535,553,557

structuralist101,140,179,202,204,261,280,291,328,381–2

Štúr,Ludov’t525

style,stylistic5–6,9,16,26,32,37–8,48,50,52,62,67–8,71–2,82,90,

92,100,104–6,114,120–1,140–2,144,150–5,157,183,185,192,195–

6,206,208,210,223,229,233–4,242,247,268,271–3,283,292,304,

308,313,318–19,327–8,332–3,342,343,352,355,357–9,365,368–9,

371–2,374,376,379,399,402,408,413–15,420,424,436–7,443–50,

453,459,461–2,464,470–3,475,479–80,482–3,499–500,507,520–1,

523,525,529–30,532,534,536–7,540,543–4,546,557

SuManshu376

substitution4,105,182,191,278,539

subtitles,subtitling13–19,30,39,50–1,65,108,231,389,418,466,475,

548

Sumarokov,A.P.519

Sutra,Heart371

Svenkerud,Herbert390

Swahili22,192,318,383

Swedish32,46–7,108,161,385,389,398–404,502,518,542–9,551

Symons,Arthur473

syncretism69,128

Syriac22,35,85,328–33,337,405,452,494–5

systemic75–8,148,150,176,190,197–9,241–2,261,269–70,308

SYSTRAN163,165,168–9

Szabó,DávidBaróti437,441

Szász,Károly439

Szerb,Antal440

Tablada,JoséJuan254

Tablic,Bohuslav525

Tadao,Shizuki470

Tagalog202,232,533

Tagliavini,C.514

Tagore,Rabindranath382,402,457

TAPS(ThinkaloudProtocols)214,216,290–3,305

Tartaglia,Niccolò461

Taylor,Bayard324

Tegli,Sylvestro482

Tende,Gaspardde407

terminographic,terminography61,288–90

terminological,terminology3,9,44–6,48–9,55,65,84,90,97,99,118,

120,132,135,137,143,147,159,166,168,188,224,234,242–3,247–9,

259,286–90,295–6,304,306,319–20,352,365–7,393,404,409,414,

416,420,425,492,509–10,512,526,554

terminometric,terminotics288,290

TERMIUM289,365

Terracini,Benvenuto465,467

tertiumcomparationis269

texteme,textemic272–3,306

textualequivalent98–9,271

textuality68,76,204,239,268

Thackeray,William381,521

theatre3,27,31,35–7,92,94–5,244,264,267–9,278,324,327,336,

346,350,367–8,385,387,395–6,401,416,421,448,461–3,477,490,

527,539,546,548

Theresa,Maria(EmpressofHungary)436–7

Thorarensen,Bjarni447

Þorláksson,Jón447

Thorsteinsson,Steingr’mur447

Tieck,Ludwig266,415–16

Tirion,Isaac395

Tissard,Pierre484

Toer,PramoedyaAnanta532

Toldy,Ferenc439

ToledoSchool85,294,404

Topelius,Zachris402

Torbov,Tseko361

Tóth,Arpád439

Tourneur,PierreLe267,408

Tours,Grégoirede405

Toyotaka,Komiya475

tradaptation5,268

training8–9,12,23,32,42–6,48,51,54–5,61,64,66,77,87,103,119,

144–5,148,151,163,196,216,231,248,270,276–9,281–2,293–300,

319–20,343,367,377–8,384,387–8,397,403–4,409–10,418,425–6,

434–5,441,449,454,458,470,475–6,479,482,484,492,500,519,522–

3,526,541–2,548–9,551–2,558

Page673

sociological6,28,42,47,53,56–7,70,103,122,176,249,279–82

Sofianos,Nikolaos422

Solzhenitsyn,Alexander326

SophroniusofVratsa358

Sorai,Ogyu469

Sørensen,Knud388

sourceoriented193,264,267

SouthAfrican37,46

SoutheastAsia135,231–2,370,527–33

Soyinka,Wole36,318

Spanish6–7,22–3,33,51,63,82,84,86–7,133,151,169,171,183,188,

202,232,248,253–4,258,265–6,276,302,315,318–20,322,326–7,

337,339,341,350,386–7,389–90,395,407,422,425–6,439–40,461,

464,466,477,486–92,523,527,533–42,545,547–8

Spenser,Edmund350

speechact204–7

spotting15,306

standardization,standardizing16,22,171,248,277,287,290,306,308,374,

399,409,446,545

Staszic,Stanisław505

Statius,Caecilius477

Stavans,Ilan183

Steinbeck,John382,507,533

Steiner,George132,238,345,352,354,516

Steinhoewel,Heinrich413

Stiebitz,Ferdinand382

Št’tného,TomášŠt’tnýZe379

Stockfleth,Niels389

Stoppard,Tom94

Stowe,H.B.29,375,514

strategies,strategy3–6,8–10,16,19,26,29–30,33–5,38,40–1,52–3,57–

8,63,65,67,70–4,79–80,87,89,100,104,106–7,112,115,117,120,

138,149,153,158–60,171,174–6,187–91,196,202,209–11,217–21,

225,229–30,235,237–41,243,268,270,273–4,278,280,282–5,290,

292,323–5,327,351,356,408,416,429–31,499,503–4,535,553,557

structuralist101,140,179,202,204,261,280,291,328,381–2

Štúr,Ludov’t525

style,stylistic5–6,9,16,26,32,37–8,48,50,52,62,67–8,71–2,82,90,

92,100,104–6,114,120–1,140–2,144,150–5,157,183,185,192,195–

6,206,208,210,223,229,233–4,242,247,268,271–3,283,292,304,

308,313,318–19,327–8,332–3,342,343,352,355,357–9,365,368–9,

371–2,374,376,379,399,402,408,413–15,420,424,436–7,443–50,

453,459,461–2,464,470–3,475,479–80,482–3,499–500,507,520–1,

523,525,529–30,532,534,536–7,540,543–4,546,557

SuManshu376

substitution4,105,182,191,278,539

subtitles,subtitling13–19,30,39,50–1,65,108,231,389,418,466,475,

548

Sumarokov,A.P.519

Sutra,Heart371

Svenkerud,Herbert390

Swahili22,192,318,383

Swedish32,46–7,108,161,385,389,398–404,502,518,542–9,551

Symons,Arthur473

syncretism69,128

Syriac22,35,85,328–33,337,405,452,494–5

systemic75–8,148,150,176,190,197–9,241–2,261,269–70,308

SYSTRAN163,165,168–9

Szabó,DávidBaróti437,441

Szász,Károly439

Szerb,Antal440

Tablada,JoséJuan254

Tablic,Bohuslav525

Tadao,Shizuki470

Tagalog202,232,533

Tagliavini,C.514

Tagore,Rabindranath382,402,457

TAPS(ThinkaloudProtocols)214,216,290–3,305

Tartaglia,Niccolò461

Taylor,Bayard324

Tegli,Sylvestro482

Tende,Gaspardde407

terminographic,terminography61,288–90

terminological,terminology3,9,44–6,48–9,55,65,84,90,97,99,118,

120,132,135,137,143,147,159,166,168,188,224,234,242–3,247–9,

259,286–90,295–6,304,306,319–20,352,365–7,393,404,409,414,

416,420,425,492,509–10,512,526,554

terminometric,terminotics288,290

TERMIUM289,365

Terracini,Benvenuto465,467

tertiumcomparationis269

texteme,textemic272–3,306

textualequivalent98–9,271

textuality68,76,204,239,268

Thackeray,William381,521

theatre3,27,31,35–7,92,94–5,244,264,267–9,278,324,327,336,

346,350,367–8,385,387,395–6,401,416,421,448,461–3,477,490,

527,539,546,548

Theresa,Maria(EmpressofHungary)436–7

Thorarensen,Bjarni447

Þorláksson,Jón447

Thorsteinsson,Steingr’mur447

Tieck,Ludwig266,415–16

Tirion,Isaac395

Tissard,Pierre484

Toer,PramoedyaAnanta532

Toldy,Ferenc439

ToledoSchool85,294,404

Topelius,Zachris402

Torbov,Tseko361

Tóth,Arpád439

Tourneur,PierreLe267,408

Tours,Grégoirede405

Toyotaka,Komiya475

tradaptation5,268

training8–9,12,23,32,42–6,48,51,54–5,61,64,66,77,87,103,119,

144–5,148,151,163,196,216,231,248,270,276–9,281–2,293–300,

319–20,343,367,377–8,384,387–8,397,403–4,409–10,418,425–6,

434–5,441,449,454,458,470,475–6,479,482,484,492,500,519,522–

3,526,541–2,548–9,551–2,558

Page673

sociological6,28,42,47,53,56–7,70,103,122,176,249,279–82

Sofianos,Nikolaos422

Solzhenitsyn,Alexander326

SophroniusofVratsa358

Sorai,Ogyu469

Sørensen,Knud388

sourceoriented193,264,267

SouthAfrican37,46

SoutheastAsia135,231–2,370,527–33

Soyinka,Wole36,318

Spanish6–7,22–3,33,51,63,82,84,86–7,133,151,169,171,183,188,

202,232,248,253–4,258,265–6,276,302,315,318–20,322,326–7,

337,339,341,350,386–7,389–90,395,407,422,425–6,439–40,461,

464,466,477,486–92,523,527,533–42,545,547–8

Spenser,Edmund350

speechact204–7

spotting15,306

standardization,standardizing16,22,171,248,277,287,290,306,308,374,

399,409,446,545

Staszic,Stanisław505

Statius,Caecilius477

Stavans,Ilan183

Steinbeck,John382,507,533

Steiner,George132,238,345,352,354,516

Steinhoewel,Heinrich413

Stiebitz,Ferdinand382

Št’tného,TomášŠt’tnýZe379

Stockfleth,Niels389

Stoppard,Tom94

Stowe,H.B.29,375,514

strategies,strategy3–6,8–10,16,19,26,29–30,33–5,38,40–1,52–3,57–

8,63,65,67,70–4,79–80,87,89,100,104,106–7,112,115,117,120,

138,149,153,158–60,171,174–6,187–91,196,202,209–11,217–21,

225,229–30,235,237–41,243,268,270,273–4,278,280,282–5,290,

292,323–5,327,351,356,408,416,429–31,499,503–4,535,553,557

structuralist101,140,179,202,204,261,280,291,328,381–2

Štúr,Ludov’t525

style,stylistic5–6,9,16,26,32,37–8,48,50,52,62,67–8,71–2,82,90,

92,100,104–6,114,120–1,140–2,144,150–5,157,183,185,192,195–

6,206,208,210,223,229,233–4,242,247,268,271–3,283,292,304,

308,313,318–19,327–8,332–3,342,343,352,355,357–9,365,368–9,

371–2,374,376,379,399,402,408,413–15,420,424,436–7,443–50,

453,459,461–2,464,470–3,475,479–80,482–3,499–500,507,520–1,

523,525,529–30,532,534,536–7,540,543–4,546,557

SuManshu376

substitution4,105,182,191,278,539

subtitles,subtitling13–19,30,39,50–1,65,108,231,389,418,466,475,

548

Sumarokov,A.P.519

Sutra,Heart371

Svenkerud,Herbert390

Swahili22,192,318,383

Swedish32,46–7,108,161,385,389,398–404,502,518,542–9,551

Symons,Arthur473

syncretism69,128

Syriac22,35,85,328–33,337,405,452,494–5

systemic75–8,148,150,176,190,197–9,241–2,261,269–70,308

SYSTRAN163,165,168–9

Szabó,DávidBaróti437,441

Szász,Károly439

Szerb,Antal440

Tablada,JoséJuan254

Tablic,Bohuslav525

Tadao,Shizuki470

Tagalog202,232,533

Tagliavini,C.514

Tagore,Rabindranath382,402,457

TAPS(ThinkaloudProtocols)214,216,290–3,305

Tartaglia,Niccolò461

Taylor,Bayard324

Tegli,Sylvestro482

Tende,Gaspardde407

terminographic,terminography61,288–90

terminological,terminology3,9,44–6,48–9,55,65,84,90,97,99,118,

120,132,135,137,143,147,159,166,168,188,224,234,242–3,247–9,

259,286–90,295–6,304,306,319–20,352,365–7,393,404,409,414,

416,420,425,492,509–10,512,526,554

terminometric,terminotics288,290

TERMIUM289,365

Terracini,Benvenuto465,467

tertiumcomparationis269

texteme,textemic272–3,306

textualequivalent98–9,271

textuality68,76,204,239,268

Thackeray,William381,521

theatre3,27,31,35–7,92,94–5,244,264,267–9,278,324,327,336,

346,350,367–8,385,387,395–6,401,416,421,448,461–3,477,490,

527,539,546,548

Theresa,Maria(EmpressofHungary)436–7

Thorarensen,Bjarni447

Þorláksson,Jón447

Thorsteinsson,Steingr’mur447

Tieck,Ludwig266,415–16

Tirion,Isaac395

Tissard,Pierre484

Toer,PramoedyaAnanta532

Toldy,Ferenc439

ToledoSchool85,294,404

Topelius,Zachris402

Torbov,Tseko361

Tóth,Arpád439

Tourneur,PierreLe267,408

Tours,Grégoirede405

Toyotaka,Komiya475

tradaptation5,268

training8–9,12,23,32,42–6,48,51,54–5,61,64,66,77,87,103,119,

144–5,148,151,163,196,216,231,248,270,276–9,281–2,293–300,

319–20,343,367,377–8,384,387–8,397,403–4,409–10,418,425–6,

434–5,441,449,454,458,470,475–6,479,482,484,492,500,519,522–

3,526,541–2,548–9,551–2,558

Page673

sociological6,28,42,47,53,56–7,70,103,122,176,249,279–82

Sofianos,Nikolaos422

Solzhenitsyn,Alexander326

SophroniusofVratsa358

Sorai,Ogyu469

Sørensen,Knud388

sourceoriented193,264,267

SouthAfrican37,46

SoutheastAsia135,231–2,370,527–33

Soyinka,Wole36,318

Spanish6–7,22–3,33,51,63,82,84,86–7,133,151,169,171,183,188,

202,232,248,253–4,258,265–6,276,302,315,318–20,322,326–7,

337,339,341,350,386–7,389–90,395,407,422,425–6,439–40,461,

464,466,477,486–92,523,527,533–42,545,547–8

Spenser,Edmund350

speechact204–7

spotting15,306

standardization,standardizing16,22,171,248,277,287,290,306,308,374,

399,409,446,545

Staszic,Stanisław505

Statius,Caecilius477

Stavans,Ilan183

Steinbeck,John382,507,533

Steiner,George132,238,345,352,354,516

Steinhoewel,Heinrich413

Stiebitz,Ferdinand382

Št’tného,TomášŠt’tnýZe379

Stockfleth,Niels389

Stoppard,Tom94

Stowe,H.B.29,375,514

strategies,strategy3–6,8–10,16,19,26,29–30,33–5,38,40–1,52–3,57–

8,63,65,67,70–4,79–80,87,89,100,104,106–7,112,115,117,120,

138,149,153,158–60,171,174–6,187–91,196,202,209–11,217–21,

225,229–30,235,237–41,243,268,270,273–4,278,280,282–5,290,

292,323–5,327,351,356,408,416,429–31,499,503–4,535,553,557

structuralist101,140,179,202,204,261,280,291,328,381–2

Štúr,Ludov’t525

style,stylistic5–6,9,16,26,32,37–8,48,50,52,62,67–8,71–2,82,90,

92,100,104–6,114,120–1,140–2,144,150–5,157,183,185,192,195–

6,206,208,210,223,229,233–4,242,247,268,271–3,283,292,304,

308,313,318–19,327–8,332–3,342,343,352,355,357–9,365,368–9,

371–2,374,376,379,399,402,408,413–15,420,424,436–7,443–50,

453,459,461–2,464,470–3,475,479–80,482–3,499–500,507,520–1,

523,525,529–30,532,534,536–7,540,543–4,546,557

SuManshu376

substitution4,105,182,191,278,539

subtitles,subtitling13–19,30,39,50–1,65,108,231,389,418,466,475,

548

Sumarokov,A.P.519

Sutra,Heart371

Svenkerud,Herbert390

Swahili22,192,318,383

Swedish32,46–7,108,161,385,389,398–404,502,518,542–9,551

Symons,Arthur473

syncretism69,128

Syriac22,35,85,328–33,337,405,452,494–5

systemic75–8,148,150,176,190,197–9,241–2,261,269–70,308

SYSTRAN163,165,168–9

Szabó,DávidBaróti437,441

Szász,Károly439

Szerb,Antal440

Tablada,JoséJuan254

Tablic,Bohuslav525

Tadao,Shizuki470

Tagalog202,232,533

Tagliavini,C.514

Tagore,Rabindranath382,402,457

TAPS(ThinkaloudProtocols)214,216,290–3,305

Tartaglia,Niccolò461

Taylor,Bayard324

Tegli,Sylvestro482

Tende,Gaspardde407

terminographic,terminography61,288–90

terminological,terminology3,9,44–6,48–9,55,65,84,90,97,99,118,

120,132,135,137,143,147,159,166,168,188,224,234,242–3,247–9,

259,286–90,295–6,304,306,319–20,352,365–7,393,404,409,414,

416,420,425,492,509–10,512,526,554

terminometric,terminotics288,290

TERMIUM289,365

Terracini,Benvenuto465,467

tertiumcomparationis269

texteme,textemic272–3,306

textualequivalent98–9,271

textuality68,76,204,239,268

Thackeray,William381,521

theatre3,27,31,35–7,92,94–5,244,264,267–9,278,324,327,336,

346,350,367–8,385,387,395–6,401,416,421,448,461–3,477,490,

527,539,546,548

Theresa,Maria(EmpressofHungary)436–7

Thorarensen,Bjarni447

Þorláksson,Jón447

Thorsteinsson,Steingr’mur447

Tieck,Ludwig266,415–16

Tirion,Isaac395

Tissard,Pierre484

Toer,PramoedyaAnanta532

Toldy,Ferenc439

ToledoSchool85,294,404

Topelius,Zachris402

Torbov,Tseko361

Tóth,Arpád439

Tourneur,PierreLe267,408

Tours,Grégoirede405

Toyotaka,Komiya475

tradaptation5,268

training8–9,12,23,32,42–6,48,51,54–5,61,64,66,77,87,103,119,

144–5,148,151,163,196,216,231,248,270,276–9,281–2,293–300,

319–20,343,367,377–8,384,387–8,397,403–4,409–10,418,425–6,

434–5,441,449,454,458,470,475–6,479,482,484,492,500,519,522–

3,526,541–2,548–9,551–2,558

Page674

Třanovský,Jiř’379

transcoding117,146,216,296

transculturation177

transediting284

transemes273

transferoperations3,282

TransferbasedMT163

translatability7,67,75–6,98,173,207,226,229,260,270,283,300–3,

420,425

translatioimperii176,301

translatiostudii176,301

Translationmemory(TM)48,164,168,306

translationum133,353,367,417,541,558

translatum117–8,120,426

transliteration248,250,274,372,434

Translog214–5,291,293

transposing315,543

transposition105,195,247,270,302

Transylvania,Transylvanian112,436,510–15

Trapezuntius,Georgius482

Trediakovsky,V.K.519–20

Triandafyllidis,Manolis421

triangulation214,291,293

Tsang,Hsuan454

Turkish227–8,235,266,294,329,334–5,357,419,421,423,435–6,481,

496,512,550–9

Tusi,NasirAlDin496

Tuwim,Julian507

Twain,Mark218,383,514–5,521

Tyndale,William22,24,138,348–9

Tynyanov,Yury197

Tytler,Alexander238,350,352,491

UAwbatha529

Ukrainian65,362

unilingualism257

unitoftranslation304–6

universal,universals9,18,28,40,61,68,70–2,86,93,103,107,113,132,

186,195,202,237,239,301,306–10,345,451,491,513

universeofdiscourse241–3

untranslatability,untranslatable4,67,75–6,147,226–7,300–3,406,430,

495

Urquhart,Thomas350

Valentini,Domenico464

Valla,Georgio482

Valla,Lorenzo482

Valvis,S.D.425

Vamvas,Neophytos420

VanderNoot,Jan257

VanGhistele,Cornelis393

VanVeldeke,Henric391

Vaňorný,Otmar382

verbalization145,214,291,305

vernacular,vernaculars22–3,85–6,140,176,184,257,266–7,316–17,

344–5,347–50,352,355,357,369,373,375–6,385–6,390,392–4,398,

404–6,411–14,420,443–6,450–2,454,456–7,459–61,471–2,477,480,

482–4,503–4,518,535–7,542–66

Viasemsky,P.A.521

Viel,Etienne484

Vietnamese383,531–3

Vigny,Alfredde380–1,408

Vikár,Béla438

Villegas,PeroFernándezde537

Vinot,Modeste484

Virág,Benedek437

Virgil35,37,194,350,393,395,404,406,408,412–3,421,437,462,

513–4,525,536

Vives,JuanLuis537–8

voiceover16,18

Volokhonsky,Larissa327

Voltaire93,183,267–8,323,337,351,407,415,422,437,462,491,498,

505–7,512–13,525,539,556–7

VonBell,JohannAdamSchall372

VonEbersberg,Williram411

VonKaysersberg,JohannGeiler412

VonWyle,Niklas413

Vörösmarty,Mihály437

Vostaert,Pieter392

Vrchlický,Jaroslav380–1

Vulgate22,349,386,391,436,479,483,504–5,511

Vvedensky,Irinarkh521

Waddell,Helen353

Waley,Arthur353

Wali(Shah)455

WASLI(WorldAssociationofSignLanguageInterpreters)277

waThiong’o,Ngũgĩ 175,319

Węgierski,TomaszKajetan505

Weiser,Conrad322

Welsh110,194,351,383

Whitaker,Richard37

Wilder,Thornton382

Williams,Roger321

Williams,Tennessee93

WilliramofEbersberg391

Wittig,Monique124

Wojtasiewicz,Olgierd508

Wollstonecraft,Mary124

Wycliffe,John22–3,347

XuanZang371–2

Yarshater,Ehsan500–1

Yasunari,Kawabata326,475

Yazīd,KhālidIbn330

Yiddish383,433–4

Yoshinaga,Motoki470

Yoshizô,Kawamori475

Yourcenar,Marguerite409

Youwei,Kang374

Yukichi,Fukuzawa471

Zábrana,Jan382

Żeleński,Tadeusz506–7

Zeyer,Julius381

ZhengZhenduo376

ZhuShenghao376

Zhukovsky,Vasily520

Zola,Émile29,381,417,422,424,439,473,506,514,540

Zulu267

Mona Baker &amp; Gabriela Saldanha. Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies (2nd edition)

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Mona Baker & Gabriela Saldanha. Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies (2nd edition)