Габриелян О.С. Домашняя работа по химии, 9 класс

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= K

 < dZq_kl\_ ]b^jhdkb^Z  dZebx khhl\_lkl\m_l hkgh\Zgb_ s_ehqv

DHG dhlhjh_ ijhy\ey_l \k_ oZjZdl_jgu_ k\hckl\Z hkgh\Zgbc

\aZbfh^_ckl\b_k dbkehlZfbb dbkehlgufbhdkb^Zfb 

DHG+12

= KNO

O; 2KOH+N

= 2KNO

E_lmq_]h\h^hjh^gh]hkh_^bg_gbydZebcg_h[jZam_lZ h[jZam_l

]b^jb^dZebyDG

<hijhk

Z0J2 ²hkgh\ghchdkb^62

²dbkehlguchdkb^

1) MgO + SO

= MgSO

;

2) MgO + 2HNO

= Mg(NO

)

+ H

3) MgO + 2H

= Mg

+ H

O; 2RbOH + SO

= Rb

+ H

+ 2OH

–

= SO

2–

+ H

[0J2+

²hkgh\ghc]b^jhdkb^+

²dbkehlguc]b^jhdkb^

0J2G

+ H

= MgSO

+ 2H

O; OH

–

+ H

= H

0J2G

+ SO

= MgSO

+ H

O; SO

+ 2OH

–

= H

O +





62 

3) H

+ Na

O = Na

+ H

O; Na

O + 2H

= 2Na

+ H

<hijhk 

FZ]gbc ²ijhklh_\_s_kl\h ^eyg_]hoZjZdl_jgZf_lZeebq_kdZy

djbklZeebq_kdZyj_r_ldZhgh[eZ^Z_lf_lZeebq_kdbf[e_kdhf

we_dljhijh\h^ghklvx

Z0JH

= 2MgO







0J H 0J







2H 2

[0J&O

= MgCl







0J H 0J







&O H &O

\0J6 0J6



0J H 0J 





6H6

−

−=

]0J1

= Mg







0J H 0J 





1H1

−

−=

^0J+&O 0J&O

+ H

↑







0J H 0J



+ H +

<hijhk 

:eehljhiby ²y\e_gb_kms_kl\h\Zgbyobfbq_kdh]hwe_f_glZ\

\b^_g_kdhevdboijhkluo\_s_kl\jZaebqguoihkljh_gbxb

k\hckl\ZflZdgZau\Z_fuoZeehljhiguonhjf

Z< fhe_dmeZokhklZ\Z6

j_Zebam_lkydh\Ze_g lghg_iheyjguclbi

k\yabl_g_ijhbkoh^blkf_s_gbywe_dljhgghciZjuh[jZamxs_c

k\yav

[< fhe_dmeZokhklZ\ZG

6j_Zebam_lkydh\Ze_glghiheyjguclbi

k\yabldijhbkoh^blkf_s_gb_we_dljhgghciZjud[he__

we_dljhhljbpZl_evghfmZlhfm ²k_j_6

→ S ←

Nbabq_kdb_k\hckl\Z jhf[bq_kdhck_ju 6

<_s_kl\hebfhggh`_elh ] hp\_lZmklhcqb\h_^h W °K

jZkl\hjy_lky\ k_jhm]e_jh^_&6

Zgbebg_[_gahe_n_ghe_

MjZ\g_gbyj_Zdpbc

Z1D6 1D





1D H 1D 

\hkklZgh\bl_ev





hdbkebl_ev

6H 6

[&D6 &D6



KDHKD\hkklZgh\bl_ev



 

hdbkebl_ev

6H6

−

−=

\$O6 $O





$O H $O 

\hkklZgh\b l_ev





hdbke bl_ev

6H 6

]62

= SO

↑







6H 6



\hkklZgh\bl_ev





hdbkebl_ev

2H 2

^6+

= H

↑







+H + 

\hkklZgh\bl_ev





hdbkebl_ev

6H 6

_6)

= SF







6H 6



\hkklZgh\bl_ev





hdbkebl_ev

)H )

<hijhk 

G_f_lZeebq_kdb_k\hckl\Zdj_fgby\ujZ`_gukeZ[__q_fm

nhknhjZghkbevg__q_fm Zexfbgby.

<hijhk 

ZMZahlZdbkehlgu_k\hckl\Z\ujZ`_gukbevg__q_fm nhknhjZ

ld\ ]jmiiZok\_jom\gbaijhbkoh^blmkbe_gb_hkgh\guob

hkeZ[e_gb_dbkehlguok\h ckl\

[Mk_judbkehlgu_k\hck l\Z\ujZ`_gukbevg__q_fm nhknhjZ

ld\i_jbh^Zoke_\ZgZijZ\hijhbkoh^blmkbe_gb_dbkehlguob

hkeZ[e_gb_hkgh\guok\hckl\

<hijhk 

>Zgh: ηH

 P0J ]ω

ijbf_kb 

GZclb9\ha^moZ

J_r_gb_GZc^_ffZkkmfZ]gby[_aijbf_kb

qbkluc

(Mg) = m(Mg) – m(Mg)⋅ω

(ijbf_kb

bkluc

(Mg) ]±]⋅ ]

AZibr_fmjZ\g_gb_j_Zdpbbk`b]ZgbyfZ]gby]



]



 fhev





hev

F ]fhev

9



fhev



P 

]

9





0J  2 0J2

IhmjZ\g_gbxj_ZdpbbkhklZ\bfijhihjpbx

] ²e

] ²oe

o 

  



⋅

e

Ke_^h\Zl_evgh  e qbklh]hdbkehjh^Zlj_[m_lkygZk`b]Zgb_

] fZ]gby

GZc^_fh[t_f\ha^moZdhlhjucihlj_[m_lkygZk`b]Zgb_fZ]gby

9\ha^moZ 

)O(

)

O(V





e

Hl\_l9\ha^moZ e

<hijhk 

>ZghP6 d] ]

ω = 80 %.

GZclb: V(SO

)

J_r_gb_AZibr_f mjZ\g_gb_j_Zdpbbk`b]Zgbyk_ju\dbkehjh^_



]oe



 fhev

 

fhev

F ]fhev

9 

efhev



P 

]

9 

e

6

H 62

KhklZ\bfijhihjpbx

] ²e

] ²oe

o 

 



⋅

e

ijZdl

(SO

) = V

l_hj

(SO

)⋅ ω e⋅ e

Hl\_l: V(SO

 e

<hijhk

G_lg_evayIj_`^_\k_]hbaaZjZaebqby\ kl_i_gyohdbke_gby<

hdkb^_k_jZbf__lkl_i_gvhdbke_gby< k_jgbklhcdbkehl_ —4+.

<ukr_fmhdkb^m62

khhl\_lkl\m_lk_j gZydbkehlZ+

K_jgbklhcdbkehl_+

khhl\_lkl\m_lhdkb^62

>Zggu_khhl\_lkl\byfh`ghihdZaZlv]b^jhebahfhdkb^h\





G



H⇒













G













<hijhk

Z0JKH

0JH K







0J H 0J





&H&

−=

[6.KOH

= 2KCl + 3SO







6H6





&O H &O

+−

−=

§ 2.

OZjZdl_jbklbdZobfbq_kdh]hwe_f_glZ

ihdbkehlgh hkgh\gufk\hckl\Zfh[jZam_fu o

bfkh_^bg_gbc:fnhl_jgu_hdkb^ub ]b^jhdkb^u

<hijhk

:fnhl_jguf]b^jhdkb^Zfijbkms_k\hckl\hj_Z]bjh\Zlvk

dbkehlZfbdZdhkgh\Zgb_bkhs_ehqZfbdZddbkehlZIhwlhfm

dh]^Zfud jZkl\hjms_ehqbijbeb\Z_fihdZiey fjZkl\hjkhebm

gZkihemqZ_lkyZfnhl_jguc]b^jhdkb^dhlhjuckjZam`_j_Z]bjm_l

k s_ehq vxh[jZamyjZkl\hjbfmxkhevbfug_gZ[ex ^Z_f

\uiZ^_gb_\ hkZ^hdZfnhl_jgh]h]b^jhdkb^Z

<hijhk



%H2

%H62





%H2



%H12







%H2+













1. 2Be + O

= 2BeO;

2. BeO + H

= BeSO

↓ G

H

<_HDHG D

<_H

G

H

<_HG12

= Be(NO

)

+ H

5. Be(NO

)

+ 2NaOH = 2NaNO

+ Be(OH)

;

6. Be(OH)

D2+ D

BeO

+ 2H