Colin Mark. The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Гэльско-английский словарь

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a bank manager

□

’s

e cànainean

Ceilteach a tha annta le chèile they are

both Celtic languages

□

note that, when

introducing a clause with a verb in the

past tense, the ass v was traditionally also

in the past tense, but it is now more com-

monly found always in the present tense.

13. The prep ann is also commonly

used with the ass v to emphasise

a phrase which may contain an adjec-

tive, an adverb, a clause, a preposition

or a verbal noun

□

an ann dall a tha

thu? are you blind?

□

is ann faisg air a’

chraoibh seo a fhuair mi an t-uaireadair

it was near this tree that I found the

watch

□

nach ann anns a’ bhaile seo

a rugadh e? wasn’t he born in this

town?

□

am b’ann an-dè a chunnaic thu

e? b’ann / cha b’ann was it yesterday

you saw him? yes / no

□

an ann a’

feuchainn ri mo bhàthadh a tha thu? are

you trying to drown me?

□

is ann air

oidhche chiùin shamhraidh a thachair

seo it was on a calm summer’s night that

this occurred

□

agus is ann uaithe

a fhuair e an t-ainm and it is from him

that it got the name

□

feumaidh gur ann

mun àm sin a thogadh an dealbh it must

have been about that time that the pic-

ture was taken

□

feumaidh iad a bhith

ag obair do dhaoine ’s chan ann nan

aghaidh they have to work for people

and not against them

14. When a conjunction is used with

the ass v in the present tense there is

often syncope, or the ass v disappears

entirely. Thus the rel pron a⫹ is

becomes as or is

□

sin fear as aithne

dhomh that is a man I know (… who is

known to me); similarly mar a⫹ is

becomes mar as / mar is

□

mar as

aithne dhuinn uile as we all know (see

is aithne below and also aithne);

ma ⫹ is becomes mas

□

bheir mi

seòladh dhut mas fheudar I’ll give you

directions if need be (see is fheudar

below and also fheudar)

□

mas fhiach

leibh èisteachd ris… if you condescend

to listen to it (see is fhiach below and

also ﬁach)

□

mas e an fhìrinn a bha

aige… if he were telling the truth; ged

a ⫹ is becomes ged as (or ged is)

□

ged

is e a’ bhreug a bh’agam… though

I was lying

□

ged is tioram an uamh, is

fuar i though the cave is dry, it is cold;

mur ⫹ is becomes mur

□

mur i a’

bhan-rùnaire, cò i? if she isn’t the sec-

retary, who is she?; nach⫹ is becomes

nach

□

tha e ag ràdh nach urrainn dha

a leithid a rud a dhèanamh he says that

he can’t do such a thing (see is urrainn

below and also urrainn) ged nach ⫹ is

becomes ged nach

□

ged nach ﬂiuch e,

is fuar e although it is not wet, it is cold;

gu ⫹ is becomes gur

□

thachair gur e

latha blàth tioram a bh’ann it happened

that it was a warm, dry day. The past

tense bu, unlike the present tense, suf-

fers little or no change. The correspon-

ding combinations to the above are,

respectively: a bu; nach bu; gum bu

and mar (a) bu and, in addition,

nam ⫹ bu which, of course, is used

only with the conditional tense

□

nam

b’e an-dè an-diugh if yesterday were

today

□

siud mise mur b’e gràs Dhè

there, but for the grace of God, go I

□

theann mi dlùth air a’ mhèinne mas a

b’fhìor I drew near to the apparent

mine (lit. if it were true / really such)

□

mur b’e gun robh Iain caran faiceal-

lach, bha e air tuiteam if Ian had not

been somewhat careful, he would have

fallen

□

ged bu tusa Rìgh na Spàinne

fhèin, cha leiginn a-steach thu though

you were the King of Spain himself,

I wouldn’t admit you

□

ged nach bu

bhlàth an uamh, bu tioram i though the

cave was not warm, it was dry

□

mar

a b’àhhaist dhuinn, chaidh sinn don

bhaile Disathairne as was our habit, we

went into town on Saturday

15. The ass v is used with a number

of nouns or adjs along with the prep do

or its prep prons

□

is mairg don fhead-

hainn a tha a-muigh air oidhche mar

seo [it’s] a pity for those who are out on

a night like this / woe betide anyone etc.

□

dè bu choltas dha? what did he look

like? / what was he like?

□

thuirt e nach

robh e a’ tuigsinn dè bu chiall dhi he

said that he didn’t understand what she

meant

□

is mithich dhomh falbh it’s time

for me to be going

□

is àbhaist dhomh

I am accustomed / it is usual for me / it

is my custom / habit etc.

□

is adhbhar

do causes, is the cause of / the reason for

□

is aithne dhomh (rudeigin / cuideigin)

I know (something / someone)

□

urrainn dhomh seo a ràdh le muinghinn

I can say this with conﬁdence

□

bu chòir

dhaibh dràma ùr a chur nar n-èisteachd

iris 372

they ought to let us hear new drama

□

cha bu lèir dhi a shùilean she couldn’t

see his eyes

□

b’fheudar dhuinn tilleadh

dhachaigh we had to return home

□

the

above nouns / adjs should be consulted

under their own entries for further

examples or explanations

16. Another common construction is

is / bu⫹ adj ⫹ leam I consider(ed)

□

caomh leam I like

□

am bu chaomh leat

rudeigin? would you like something?

□

is dàna leam ⫹ vn I dare

□

cha bu dàna

leam innse dhut! I would not dare to tell

you!

□

is docha leam / is fheàrr leam

I prefer

□

is truagh leam an-dràsta nach

do dh’èist sinn ris I think it a pity now

that we didn’t listen to him

□

bu toigh

leam beannachdan na Bliadhna Ùire

a ghuidhe do na h-uile I would like to

wish New Year greetings to everybody

□

bu bheag leo na dhòirteadh iad de fhuil

they cared little how much blood they

spilled (but note: is beag orm iad I hate

them – and: is beag agam iad I care

little for them – see also nas lugha in

section 24 below)

□

bu ghasta leis

a bhith a’ sealltainn a-mach air an uin-

neig he took delight in looking out of

the window

□

bu leisg leis sin

a dhèanamh he was loath to do that

□

mhath leam aig an ìre seo taing a thoirt

dhaibh I would like at this stage / point

to thank them

□

bu mhath leinn fada

bharrachd a dhèanamh we would like to

do far more

□

but note that nouns may

also be used:

□

bu mhiann leam taing a

thoirt do … I would like to thank…

□

cha robh cùisean a’ dol air adhart mar

bu mhiann leo matters were not pro-

gressing as they wished

□

the above

adjs and nouns should be consulted

under their own entries for further

examples or explanations

17. Emphatic ownership may be

expressed by the use of the ass v and le

(or its prep prons) and the prep pron of

ann

□

an ann leatsa a tha an càr sin? is

ann / chan ann is that car yours? yes /

□

cha b’ann leinne a bha a’ bhas-

gaid. leothasan a bha i the basket

wasn’t ours. it was theirs

□

nach ann

leibh a tha am Bìoball seo? chan ann. is

ann le Raibeart a tha e isn’t this Bible

yours? no. it is Robert’s

□

note that the

emph parts (see App. 6 Sect. 1.2) are

frequently used with this construction

□

note that constructions of the following

type are no longer used

□

cò leis an

sgian seo? is le Calum i whose knife is

this? it is Malcolm’s

18. A very important use of the ass v

is to express comparison. The verb is

used with the comparative form of the

adj which normally corresponds to the

fem gen sing form of the adj e.g. bàn,

fair (in colour) bàine, fairer, fairest glic,

wise glice, wiser, wisest salach, dirty

salaiche, dirtier, dirtiest. There is no

difference between the comparative and

superlative form in Gaelic; the meaning

depending, in some instances, on the

construction used, and, in others, on the

context. As in English, a small number

of adjectives have an irregular compar-

ative form and a list of these is given in

App. 3 Sect. 3.2

19. The comparative may be

expressed in three main ways: 1. by the

use of as (a ⫹ is) the relative form of the

verb is

□

is i Mairead as àirde na

Raonaid Margaret is taller than Rachel

(lit. it is (she) Margaret that is taller than

Rachel)

□

is e Pàdraig as sine na

Fionnlagh Patrick is older than Finlay

□

in the past tense this would be: b’i

Mairead a b’àirde na Raonaid Margaret

was taller than Rachel

□

b’e Pàdraig a

bu shine na Fionnlagh Patrick was older

than Finlay

□

if the adj is to be empha-

sised, it is placed directly after the ass v

□

is ùire mo bhrògan na an fheadhainn

agadsa my shoes are newer than yours

(lit. the ones at you)

□

ach bu mhotha

Alasdair na Gilleasbaig but Alasdair

was bigger than Gillespie 2. in any tense

by introducing the subject with the

appropriate form of the verb bi, while

the comparative is preceded by nas

(na ⫹ is what is – sometimes written as

na’s) – or by na bu

□

tha Anndra nas

truime na Teàrlach, ach nas aotruime

na Calum Andrew is heavier than

Charles, but lighter than Malcolm

□

bi Màili nas motha na a bràthair? will

May be bigger than her brother?

□

bha

a h-aodann na bu ghile na ’n sneachda

her face was whiter than (the) snow

□

bha aon duine a bha na bu tùraile na

càch there was one man who was more

sensible than the rest

□

but note also:

tha Iain bàn, ach is i Màiri as bàine

John is fair, but Mary is fairer

□

bha e

373 iris

dubh, ach b’e a mhac (a) bu duibhe he

was dark(-haired), but his son was

darker

20. As in English, the comparison

may be left uncompleted

□

a dhèanamh

cùisean na bu mhiosa … to make mat-

ters worse … (than they were before)

□

chan fhaigheadh iad na b’fhaide they

could not get (any) further (than they

already had)

□

bha iad tòrr nas fheàrr

dheth they were much better off (than

they were)

21. To express the superlative the ass

v is used exclusively, but note that in

Gaelic there is no difference between

the two. The English rendering depends

on context

□

is i Marsaili as sine

Marjory is the eldest (or the elder)

□

i Marsaili as sine den triùir Marjory is

the eldest of the three

□

is e Donnchadh

as òige den teaghlach Duncan is the

youngest of the family

□

is i an dias as

àirde as ìsle chromas a ceann it is the

tallest ear (of corn) that lowest bends its

head (proverb)

□

bha e a’ bruidhinn ris

an nighinn bu shine he was talking to

the eldest / elder daughter

22. A form of the comparative,

known as the ‘second comparative’,

consists of the comparative ⫹ de,‘of’.

The only ones now in common use are

feàirrde, ‘the better of’ and miste ‘the

worst of’

□

cha b’fheàirrde mi sin

I would not be the better of that (or –

I was not…)

□

is miste sinn uile seo we

are all the worse of this

□

is miste an

saoghal a bhàs the world is the worse of

his death

□

cha bu mhiste seo beagan

eile de chùram this would be none the

worse of a little more care (lit. another

little of etc.)

□

saoilidh mi nach bu

mhiste an taigh seo doras ùr I think that

this house would not be the worse of

a new door

□

but note also: bu mhòid

an t-amadan mi nan diùltainn e I’d be

a bigger fool if I refused it

23. Here are some further examples.

One or more of the key words should be

consulted for further examples or expla-

nation

□

chan e dotair a bha ann na bu

mhò he wasn’t a doctor either / nor was

he a doctor

□

’s e sin / is e sin / sin ri

ràdh namely, viz adv

□

dh’fhàs

gnothaichean na bu mhiosa buileach

matters became far, far worse

□

chan eil

nì as lugha orm na … there’s nothing

I dislike / hate more than…

□

is ain-

neamh sionnach a tha air fhàgail there

are few foxes left

□

is iomadh athar-

rachadh a thàinig air an t-saoghal on

uair sin the world has undergone many

a change since then

□

is ion fortain do

dhuine a bhith … it is good as a fortune

for a man to be …

□

is dòcha nach bu

mhiste sinn beachdachadh air a’ chùis

perhaps we wouldn’t be any the worse

of thinking about the matter

□

is ràdh

f ìor seo this is a true saying

□

mar bu

trice ’s e craiceann o mholt a chleachd

iad usually it was the skin from a wed-

der that they used

□

bhruidhinn e ris an

duine leis am bu leis an taigh he spoke

to the man whose house it was

□

buaine aon diùltadh na dà thabhartas

deug a refusal is more lasting than

twelve offerings (proverb)

□

cha bu mhò

a bòidhchead na a banalachd her

beauty was no greater than her feminin-

ity

□

bha e gus a dhol a-mach air a’

chuid bu mhò dhiubh he was about to

fall out with most of them

□

bha e na bu

ghile na b’àbhaist he was whiter than

usual / he was unusually white

□

bha i

na bu deònaiche a h-innse, nan gab-

hadh e bhith, na bha mise air a cluin-

ntinn she was more willing to tell it,

possibly, than I was to hear it (i.e. the

story)

□

cha robh a h-aon dhiubh na b’

eudmhoire na esan not one of them was

more zealous than he

□

cha robh an

teagamh bu lugha ann there wasn’t the

slightest doubt

□

mar bu mhò [a]

smaoinichinn air ’s ann bu lugha [a]

bheirinn creideas gun robh e f ìor … the

more I thought about it the less I believed

that it was true

□

mar a b’fheàrr a b’ur-

rainn dhomh as best as I could

□

…mar

is aithne dhut … as you know

iris 374

isbean, -ein, -an nm sausage

ise emph form of the pers pron i (q.v.)

ìseal, ìsle a low

□

same as ìosal

isean, -ein, -an nm chick, chicken, (some-

times) cub

□

isean eala cygnet

□

isean

iolaire eaglet

□

isean geòidh gosling

□

(droch) isean! brat!

ìsle nf indec depression

ìsle comp form of ìosal / ìseal (q.v.)

□

nas

ìsle na … below, lower than

□

… as ìsle

lowermost, lowest

ìsleachadh, -aidh nm & vn of ìslich hum-

bling etc., abasement, depreciation,

depression, gradient, humiliation, relega-

tion

□

ìsleachadh luach depreciation

ìsleachaidh a depressant, depressing, caus-

ing depression

□

ìocshlaint ìsleachaidh

depressant noun

ìsleachd nf lowness

ìslean nm commoner – also used as coll

noun ‘commoners’

□

bha e measail aig

uaislean is ìslean he was respected by

high and low (lit. noblemen and common-

ers)

□

often with def art

□

a’ dèanamh

obair-ghrèis do na h-uaislean is na h-

ìslean doing embroidery for gentlefolks

and commoners

ìslich, -eachadh v abase, debase, degrade,

demean, demote, depose, depress, hum-

ble, humiliate, lower, mortify, reduce, rel-

egate

□

ìslich tuarastal cut wages

□

dh’ìslicheadh iad gu bhith nam beagchuid

they were reduced to being a minority

□

bha iad fhathast gun a bhith air an

ìsleachadh they were still not humbled

□

ìslich luach ⫹ gen depreciate trans

□

ìslichidh seo luach nan taighean this will

lower the value of / depreciate the houses

□

ìslich ann an luach depreciate intrans

□

bidh càr ùr ag ìsleachadh ann an luach on

mhionaid a tha e air a cheannach a new

car is depreciating from the minute it is

bought

isneach, -ich, -ichean nf riﬂe

ist! pl ⫽ istibh hist! hush! (Scots ‘weesht’),

quiet! (also èist!)

□

ist! chan ist! hush! no

(I won’t!)

ite, -ean nf feather, ﬁn, plume

□

cuir / tilg

na h-itean moult

□

cur / tilgeil nan itean

moulting

□

gun itean unﬂedged

iteach, -ich nm plumage

iteach, -iche a feathered, ﬁnny

iteachan nm bobbin, spool

iteag, -eige, -an nf dim. form of ite feather,

plume

□

air iteig on the wing

□

mar eun

air iteig like a bird on the wing

□

theirig /

falbh air iteig ﬂy (winged creatures only!)

iteagach, -aiche a feathered, feathery

iteal, -il nm ﬂight

□

an dèidh ar n-itil after

our ﬂight

itealadh, -aidh nm ﬂight

itealag, -aige, -an nf kite

itealaich, itealaich v ﬂy

□

itealaich gu

h-àrd soar

itealaich nf & vn of itealaich ﬂying

□

dèan

itealaich ﬂutter

itealaiche, -ean nm ﬂyer

□

itealaiche

bailiùin balloonist

itealan, -ain, -ain nm aeroplane, plane

□

laigh an t-itealan the plane landed

□

air

bòrd an itealain on board the plane

itealan-mara nm seaplane

iteileag

□

see itealag nf

iteodha nm hemlock

ith, ithe / itheadh v eat

□

bha gu leòr ann

ri itheadh is ri òl there was enough to eat

and drink (lit. to its eating and drinking)

□

is gann a bha gu leòr aca ri itheadh they

scarcely had enough to eat

□

a bheil thu ag

iarraidh rud sam bith ri ithe? do you want

anything to eat?

□

ged a tha iad taitneach

ri an ithe though they are pleasant to eat

□

’s dòcha gun tèid an ithe aig iasgan eile

perhaps they will be eaten by other ﬁsh

□

…

mura tèid an itheadh aig beathaichean

eile … unless they are eaten by other

animals

□

bha e ga ithe fhèin he was kick-

ing himself (lit. he was eating himself)

□

ith gu glàmach devour

□

ithidh e mi

he’ll give me a real talking to (lit. he’ll

eat me)

itheanaich nf eating

□

bha aodann dearg

air le itheanaich is òl he had a red face

with eating and drinking

itheannaich

□

see itheanaich

iubaili, -idhean nf jubilee

iubhar, -air, -an nm yew, yew tree

iùbhrach, -aich nf 1. yew grove

□

Tom-na-

h-iùbhraich Tomnahurich (an old church-

yard in Inverness) 2. sailing vessel

variously described as barge, cutter, skiff,

wherry

iuchair, iuchrach, iuchraichean nf 1. key

□

chuir e an iuchair anns an toll-iuchrach

he put the key in the keyhole 2. roe

□

bhite

a’ tilgeil a-mach na h-iuchrach the roe

used to be thrown out (see bhite)

Iuchar, -air nm- used with the def art: an

t-Iuchar July

□

deireadh an Iuchair the

end of July

□

chì mi sibh a-rithist anns an

Iuchar I’ll see you again in July

Iùdhach, -aich, -aich nm Jew

Iùdhach a Jewish, Yiddish

Iugo-slàbhach a Jugoslav

Iugo-slàbhach, -aich, -aich nm Jugoslav

iùil-chairt nf chart, map i.-ceàrnaidh nf

area guide i.-tharraing nf magnetism

i.-tharraingeach a magnetic i.-tìre nf land-

mark

□

fhuair e na h-iùilean-tìre a bha e

ag iarraidh he found the landmarks that he

was looking for

iùl, iùil, -ean nm guide (means of guidance –

not a person), guidance

□

feumaidh iad

beagan iùil a thoirt dhuinn they must give

us a little guidance

□

fo iùl Eaglais na

375 iùl

h-Alba under the guidance of the Church

of Scotland

iullagach, -aiche a airy, light, cheerful,

frolicsome, tripping

□

dhanns iad gu

h-iullagach they danced trippingly /

lightly

iutharn, -a nf hell

□

bidh sibh a’ròstadh an

iutharn fad na siorraidheachd you’ll be

roasting in hell for all eternity

iutharnail, -e a hellish

□

bha fuaim iuthar-

nail a’ tighinn on inneal a hellish noise

was coming from the machine

iullagach 376

L, l

L abbr form of linn century (q.v.)

□

bhon L.

17mh (bhon t-Seachdamh Linn Deug)

from the 17th C (from the Seventeenth

Century)

là, lathaichean / làithean nm day

□

this

form should be reserved for special days,

as shown below, the other form being

latha (q.v.) and examples not found

here may perhaps be found under that

heading

□

là cluich ﬁxture (sport)

□

Là

Bealltainn / Là Buidhe Bealltainn May-

day

□

là na traisg fast-day

□

Là na Sàbaid

(the) Sabbath Day, Sunday

□

Là Fèille

a holiday of obligation, a holy day

□

Là

Mhartainn Builg St. Swithin’s Day

□

Là

Fèill Moire Lady-day

□

Là Nollaige

Christmas Day

□

Là na Bliadhna Ùire

New Year’s Eve

□

là breith sona dhut

happy birthday to you

là-trasgaidh a day of fast

□

also là na

traisg fast-day

làbha nf lava

labhair, -airt v give / deliver a speech,

pronounce, say, speak, talk, utter

□

labhair

ris fhèin etc. soliloquize

□

labhair ri

address, speak to

□

labhair gu slaodach

drawl

□

labhair air treat (⫽ discuss)

□

dh’fhairich e na faclan a’ labhairt ris gu

pearsanta he felt the words addressing

him personally

labhairt nf & vn of labhair speaking etc.,

utterance

□

dòigh labhairt expression

labhandar, -air nm lavender

labhar, -aire a loud, noisy

□

chuala mi gàire

labhar I heard a loud laugh

□

is labhar na

builg fhàs noisy are the empty bags (proverb

– cf. empty barrels make the most sound)

labhradh, -aidh nm diction

labhrach, -aiche a noisy, articulate

labhraiche, -ean nm spokesman

labhras, -ais, -an nm laurel, bay tree

Làborach a Labour

Làborach nm Labour supporter

□

Làboraich n pl Labour (pol.)

lach, -a, -an nm reckoning

□

b’urrainn

dhuinn ar lach a phàigheadh we could pay

our reckoning

lach, -a, -an nf duck (wild)

lach- pref denoting various kinds of wildfowl

lach-a’ bhlàir nf common or bald coot

l.-a’chinn-uaine nf 1. goldeneye 2. mallard

(see l.-riabhach below) l.-bheag nf

teal (also crann-lach nf ) l.-bhinn nf

long-tailed duck (also eun-binn nm)

l.-dhearg-cheannach / l.-mhàsach nf

pochard l.-dhubh nf velvet scoter l.-ghlas

nf gadwall l.-Lochlannach nf eider-duck

l.-mhara nf scaup l.-riabhach nf mallard

l.-sgumanach nf tufted duck l.-stiùireach

nf pintail

lacha-ceann-ruadh nm celandine (plant)

pl lachan-ceann-ruadha

lachanaich nf laughing loudly, loud laugh-

ter

□

thòisich iad air lachanaich they

began laughing (loudly)

□

also lasganaich

lachan-gàire nm horse-laugh, loud laugh,

guffaw

□

rinn e lachan-gàire he gave

a loud laugh / he guffawed

lachdadh, -aidh nm lactation

lachdann, -ainne a bronzed, drab, dark and

blotchy, dun, hodden grey (of homespun

cloth), mulatto, sallow, swarthy, tawny

lachdannach, -aich, -aich nm mulatto

lachdas, -ais nm lactose

làd, -àid, -an nf a ‘load’ of water, usually

two bucketfuls, from the well

□

thug e a-

steach làd bùirn he brought in two buck-

etfuls of water

làdach, -aich, -aichean nm 1. volley 2. big

wave, breaker

ladar, -air, -air nm ladle, scoop

□

ladar

brochain soup ladle (also lodar)

ladarna a arrogant, audacious, barefaced,

bold, brazen (metaph.), presumptuous,

shameless

□

tha thu tuilleadh is ladarna

you are too bold (see tuilleadh)

ladarnas, -ais nm arrogance, effrontery,

presumption

ladhar, -air, ladhran nm hoof

ladhrach a hoofed

lag, laig, -an nm (gen sing also luig) / lag,

laige, -an nf cavity, dent, hollow, socket

□

lag de chudrom ìosal trough of low pres-

sure

□

lag a’ mhionaich abdominal cavity

□

dèan lag ann dent v

□

bha e na laighe

ann an lag ri taobh an rathaid it was lying

in a hollow at the side of the road

lag, -aige a delicate, faint, fragile, frail,

powerless, weak

□

bha an tì glè lag the tea

was very weak

lag-chridheach, -iche a faint-hearted

l.-chùiseach unenterprising, timid, cow-

ardly, of weak physique l.-mhisneachail,

-e a faint-hearted

lagachadh, -aidh nm & vn of lagaich

faltering etc., dilution

lagaich, -achadh v debilitate, derogate,

dilute, enervate, become faint, falter, ﬂag,

weaken (make / become weak)

□

cha do

lagaich seo a spèis dhi this did not weaken

his affection for her

làgan, -ain nm (also làghan ) ﬂummery,

sowans

lagan, -ain, -an nm dell

lagan-maise nm dimple bha lagan-maise

air a gruaidh dheis there was a dimple on

her right cheek

làgar, -air nm lager

lagas, -ais nm marl

□

bha na mointichean

air am mathachadh le lagas agus aol the

moors were fertilised with marl and lime

lagh, -a, -an (nan) nm/f law

□

lagh eaglaise

canon

□

lagh nam beus ethics

□

dèan

lagh(an) legislate

□

lagh na rìoghachd the

law of the land

□

bheir sinn iad gu lagh

we’ll take them to law

□

Lagh nan

Ceanglaichean Associative Law

lagh-baile nm/f bye-law l.-chruthachadh

nm/f legislation l.-chruthachail a legisla-

tive l.-mhòd nm/f legislature l.-

thagairteach a litigant l.-thagradair nm

litigant

laghach, -aich a decent, kindly, nice

□

’s e

duine laghach càirdeil a bh’ann he was a

kindly, friendly man

□

tha e laghach dhut

faighneachd it’s kind / decent of you to ask

□

fhuair sinn pasgan laghach de dhealb-

hannan we received a nice packet of

pictures

laghail a canonical, constitutional, judicial,

lawful, legal, statutory

□

dèan laghail

legalize

□

thug an Achd seo còir laghail do

chroitear a’ chroit aige a cheannach this

Act gave [to] a crofter a legal right to

buy his croft

□

… a’ gabhail a-steach an

377 làimhsich

t-suidheachaidh laghail taking into

account the statutory position

laghairt, -ean nm/f lizard

làghan

□

same as làgan

laghalachd nf lawfulness, legality

laghd-mheatailt nf alloy

lagùn, -ùin, -aichean nm lagoon

Laideann, -inn nf Latin

Laidinn a Latin

□

Am Bìoball Laidinn the

Vulgate

làidir, -e a cogent, emphatic, potent, press-

ing, proof, robust, stalwart, strong, sub-

stantial, spirituous (of drink)

□

dèan làidir

fortify

□

bha a’ ghaoth gu math làidir the

wind was pretty / rather strong

□

gu làidir

strongly, hotly

□

… a bha gu làidir air an

tòir … who was hotly in pursuit of them

□

deoch làidir alchoholic beverage

làidireachd nf strength

□

bha làidireachd

cuirp aige a bha iongantach he had

a strength bodily which was amazing

laige nf debility, frailty, inﬁrmity

laigh, laighe v 1. alight, land (of a plane),

light upon (⫹ air)

□

cha mhòr àite sam

bith a laigheas do shùil almost anywhere

your eye alights / lands

□

laigh mo shùil

air duilleig pàipeir my eye alighted on / lit

upon a sheet of paper 2. lie, lie down

□

note that the prep poss adj formed from

ann is used with the vn

□

bha mi nam

laighe air an fheur I was [in my] lying on

the grass

□

bha e na laighe air an t-

sèiseach he was [in his] lying on the settee

□

bha trì puist nan laighe air an talamh

three posts were [in their] lying on the

ground

□

seall dhomh an t-àite anns

a bheil mi gu laighe show me the place in

which I am to sleep (lit. to lie)

□

laigh sìos

lie down, cuddle down

□

laigh ri ﬂatten

□

laigh dlùth ri snuggle against

laighe nm/f & vn of laigh landing etc.

□

laighe na grèine sunset

laigse, -ean / laigseachan nf faint, weak-

ness

□

tha laigse na nàdar he has a weak-

ness in his nature

□

tha laigseachan ann

there are weaknesses in it masc

làimh ri

□

see làmh

laimhrig nf

□

see laimrig

làimhseachadh, -aidh nm & vn of làimh-

sich handling etc., treatment

□

tha na

leabhraichean seo coltach ri chèile (ann)

an cuspair ach ao-coltach (ann) an làimh-

seachadh these books are similar to each

other in subject but dissimilar in treatment

làimhsich, -eachadh v feel (actively), ﬁn-

ger, handle, thumb, treat (discuss), touch,

wield

□

làimhsich gu cearbach fumble

laimrig 378

laimrig, -ean nf jetty, landing, pier, quay, wharf

laimrig-laighe nf landing-pad

lainnir nf glint, sparkle, lustre, radiance

□

dèan lainnir glitter

lainnireach, -iche a brilliant, lucent, radiant

lainnreachadh, -aidh nm burnishing etc.

lainnrich, -eachadh v burnish, sparkle

làir, -e / làrach, làraichean nf mare

làir-bhreabaidh / làir-bhreabach nf rock-

ing horse l.-mhaide nf see-saw

laiste pp lighted

□

bha bioran laiste aige na

làimh he had a lighted stick in his hand

Laitbheach, -ich, -ich nm Latvian

Laitbheach a Latvian

Laitbhis nf Latvian (lang.)

làitheil a daily, diurnal, everyday

□

làitheil daily

làithreach a current, instant

ri làimh 1. adv to hand, available

□

cuid

den bheairteas òran a tha againn ri

làimh some of the wealth of songs that

we have available 2. ri làimh prep ⫹

gen / poss adj to one’s hand, available

to, at one’s disposal

□

leis na bha ri

làimh Chaluim with the means avail-

able to Calum

□

leis na tha ri mo làimh

with the means at my disposal, avail-

able to me etc.

làimh ri prep ⫹ dat beside, close to,

near, next to, nigh

□

… agus làimh ris

gach aon dhiubh bha tòrr mòr chlach…

and near each one of them was a great

pile of stones

□

bha cnocan làimh

riutha there was a hillock near them

fo làimh 1. ⫹ gen / poss adj (a) written

etc. by (lit. by the hand of)

□

fo làimh

an Urramaich Seumais MacDhomhnaill

by the Reverend James MacDonald

(b) by the hand of

□

… leis nach tàinig

duine sam bith gu cron fo a làimh…

because no-one had come to harm by

his hand / at his hands 2. fo làimh adv

in hand obair fo làimh work in hand /

in progress – more usually: … os

làimh in hand

□

gabh os làimh under-

take, take in hand

□

ghabh e os làimh

an ceannsachadh he undertook to

subdue them

an làimh adv in custody

□

cuir an

làimh arrest, commit (to prison)

□

chuireadh an làimh e he was put in

custody

□

cumail an làimh detention

(imprisonment)

làmh air làimh adv hand in hand

□

bha

iad a’ coiseachd làmh air làimh they

were walking hand in hand

□

and also:

chaidh a threòrachadh a-steach air

làimh he was led in by the hand

beir air làimh air catch by the hand

□

rug e air làimh air Calum he shook

Calum’s hand – note the second air

□

rug iad air làimh air a-chèile they

shook each other’s hands

□

rug e air

làimh oirre he shook her hand

□

“Is

math a rinn thu,” thuirt esan ’s e a’bre-

ith air làimh orm “You did well,” he

said [and he] shaking my hand

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Further idioms: ma làimh indifferent,

so-so adv

□

cha robh an seòmar anns

an taigh-òsta ach ma làimh the room

in the hotel was just so-so

□

dlùth air

làimh in the ofﬁng

□

faisg air làimh

làmh, làimhe, -an nf hand, handle

□

làmh an uachdair the upper hand

□

làmh chlì left-hand

□

an làmh chlì the

left

□

làmh an dorais door-handle

□

crathadh làimhe handshake

□

rug iad

uile air làimh air a chèile they all

shook hands (see beir)

□

thog i a làmh

ris she raised her hand to him (in greet-

ing or to strike)

□

cha robh làmh aca

ann an seo they didn’t have a hand in

this

□

… a tha na shuidhe air deas

làimh Dhè … who sits on the right

hand of God

□

… le bhith a’ cur an

làmh nan sporan … by putting their

hand in their purses

□

cuir suas do

làmhan stick up your hands

□

cha do

chùm sin iad gun làmh chuideachaidh

a thoirt dha that didn’t stop them from

giving him a helping hand

□

bha iad

nan suidhe le glainneachan uisge-

bheatha nan làimh they were sitting

with glasses of whisky in their hands

(lit. hand – note use of sing as each

person is using only one hand – also

see notes under beatha and ceann)

□

làmh fhada is cead a sìneadh lit. a long

hand and permission to stretch it i.e.

tuck in!

às an làimh adv aside, off-hand

tha làmh aige ann…he has a hand in,

he dabbles in…

□

bha làmh aige ann

he was involved in it

□

bha làmh

againn uile ann an eug an duine seo

we all had a hand in the death of this

man

□

cuir làmh ann interfere with,

meddle with, seize, lay a hand on

379 lamraig

làmhach, -aiche a manual

làmhachas-làidir nm tyranny, oppression,

force

□

mhionnaich e gum bitheadh an

oighreachd aige le làmhachas-làidir he

vowed that the estate would be his by force

làmhaidh, -ean nm razorbill (also

coltraiche nm)

làmhainn, -ean nf gauntlet, glove

làmhainneach a gloved

□

cha ghlac cat

làmhainneach luchan a gloved cat won’t

catch mice (proverb)

làmhag, -aige, -an nf axe

□

bha

co-chruinneachadh de làmhagan aige he

had a collection of axes

làmhchair, -e a handy (skilled, good with

the hands)

□

bha e glè làmhchair leis an

sgithinn he was very handy with the knife

làmhchaireach / làmhcharach a handy

□

same as làmhchair

□

’s e duine air leth

làmhchaireach a bh’ann he was a particu-

larly handy man

làmhchaireachd nf handiness

làmpa, -aichean nm/f lamp

□

sgàthlan

làmpa lamp-shade

làmpa-grèine nm/f sunlamp

□

a’ cur

seachad uairean fo làmpa-grèine spend-

ing hours under a sunlamp

lamraig nf

□

see laimrig

nearby, close at hand, near at hand

□

bha taigh faisg air làimh there was

a house nearby / close at hand

□

ràmh is fhaisg air làimh, iomair leis

the oar that’s nearest at hand, row with

it (proverb)

□

ro làimh previously,

beforehand

□

an dèidh làimh subse-

quent(ly)

□

cha robh car nach

cuireadh e a làmh ris there was no job

he wouldn’t put his hand to

□

air

a làimh fhèin for himself, on his own

account

□

thòisich e air obair air

a làimh fhèin he began to work for

himself (cf. air a cheann fhèin)

□

làmh-sa gu bheil … assuredly …, I can

assure you …

□

bheir mi mo làmh

dhut … I can guarantee …

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

làmh-an-uachdair nf advantage, the

upper hand, predominance, whiphand

□

fhuair e làmh-an-uachdair orm he

got the advantage of me

□

fhuair iad

làmh-an-uachdair oirnn they got the

advantage of us

□

fhuair e làmh-

an-uachdair air an deoch he got the

better of the drink (i.e. he overcame

a drink problem)

làmh-choille nf cubit l.-fhàil nf

bracelet l.-fhighte a handwoven l.-

làidir nf oppression

□

thug e dhuinn

iomradh air an làimh-làidir seo he

gave us an account of this oppression

l.-lèigh nm surgeon l.-leigheas nm sur-

gery l.-leighis chiropractice l.-

mhaisich v manicure l.-mhuilleann

nm handmill l.-sgrìobhadh nm script

l.-sgrìobhaidh nf handwriting, callig-

raphy, signature l.-sgrìobhainn nf

manuscript l.-thuagh nf axe, hatchet

làn, làin, làin nm 1. complement, ﬁll

□

làn dùirn a ﬁstful (lit. the ﬁll of a ﬁst)

□

… anns an robh làn an taigh’ de

chloinn… in which there was a house-

ful of children

□

làn spàine / làn na

spàine a spoonful

□

chuir e trì làn na

spàine don phoit he put three spoon-

fuls into the pot

□

… mus robh e air dà

làin na spàine a ghabhail…before he

had taken two spoonfuls

□

làn beòil

mouthful 2. high tide – more speciﬁ-

cally làn-mara

làn a full, plenary, replete

□

notaichean

làna full notes

□

bha a’mhias làn a-nis

the basin was full now

□

bi làn teem

□

fàs làn ﬁll intrans

□

often followed by

a noun in the gen case

□

làn sùithe

sooty

□

bha na sràidean làn sluaigh

the streets were full of people

□

bha e

làn mire he was full of mirth

□

bha a’

mhàileid aige làn phàipearan agus

notaichean his bag was full of papers

and notes

□

làn càil agus treòir full

of vigour and energy

□

bha an guth

aice làn bàidh her voice was full of

kindness

làn may be used before nouns or other

adjs translating either as an adj or adv

□

bha e làn deiseil airson cleasan sam

bith a dh’fhaodadh iad fheuchainn air

he was fully prepared for any tricks

they might try on him

□

bha e làn

riaraichte he was fully satisﬁed

□

bha

e a-nise na làn dhùisg he was now

fully awake

□

fo làn bhlàth in full

bloom, full blown

□

fo làn mheas in

full fruit

□

làn chumhachd absolute

power

□

làn stad full stop

□

làn fhear-

ceàirde journeyman

□

làn abaich mel-

low

□

aig làn fhàs full-grown

□

tha làn

lann ﬁadh-bheathaichean menagerie

□

often the second element of compd nouns

e.g. leabhar-lann library biadhlann

refectory

□

also found in some place

names: Lann Annaid Longannet (see

App. 12 Sect. 4.0)

lann-cluiche nf stadium l.-gràbhalaidh nf

graving-dock l.-ithe nf mess (for eating)

l.-leabhraichean nf library

lannach, -aiche a scaly

lannachadh, -aidh nm & vn of lannaich

plating

lannaich, -achadh v plate

lannaichte pp laminated, plated

lannair nf gleam, glitter, radiance

□

bha

lannair na shùilean there was a gleam in

his eyes (also lainnir nf )

lannsa, -achan nf lance (med.), lancet

□

dol

fo lannsa being operated on

lannsaiche, -ean nm lancer

lannsair, -ean nm lancer, surgeon

laoch, laoich, laoich nm hero

lanntair, -ean nm lantern

laoch, laoich, laoich nm hero, warrior

laogh, laoigh, laoigh nm calf (young cow)

□

beir laogh calf v

□

rug a’ bho laogh the

cow calved

laoidh, -ean nm/f anthem, hymn, lay

laoidheadair, -ean nm hymnal

laoigh-fheòil / laoighfheòil nf veal

laom, oim nm ﬂash, sudden ﬂame

laom, -adh v bolt (of veg.)

laomadh, -aidh nm & vn of laom bolting

(of veg.) etc.

lap, -an nm defective spot

□

chan eil e

buileach gun lapan it’s not altogether

without deﬁciencies

lapach, -aiche a benumbed, faltering, fee-

ble

□

bha e rud beag lapach a’ freagairt

cheistean he was somewhat faltering

answering questions

□

bha i air fàs lapach

she had grown feeble

lapachadh nm & vn of lapaich

benumbing etc.

lapachas, -ais nm faltering appearance,

feebleness

lapaich, -achadh v benumb, stupify

lapaichte pp benumbed, stupiﬁed

Laplannach, -aich, -aich nm Lapp

làr, làir, làir nm ﬂoor, ground, storey

□

bha

e na laighe air an làr it was lying on the

ﬂoor / ground

□

leag gu làr fell

□

mu làr

ignored, neglected, lapsed

□

leig mu làr

ignore, neglect

□

rach mu làr lapse v

□

tha

sinn dualtach am prionnsabal seo a leigeil

mu làr san lath’ a th’ ann we are apt to

ignore this principle nowadays

lànachd 380

fhios aca nach do rinn e seo they know

full well that he didn’t do this

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

làn-abachd nf mellowness l.-aimsireach

a full-time

□

tha sgioba chòigneir ag

obair gu làn-aimsireach air an tionns-

gnadh seo there is team of ﬁve work-

ing full-time on this project

□

tha

ceathrar an sàs làn-aimsireach there

are four engaged full-time l.-aois nf

majority

□

neach fo làn-aois minor

noun l.-bharail nf conviction

□

ràinig

iad an làn-bharail gu … they reached

the conviction that … / they became

convinced that … l.-bhileach a full-

lipped

□

chàirich i pòg làn-bhileach

air a bheul she placed a full-lipped

kiss on his mouth l.-bhuil nf full effect

□

… mus fhaic sinn làn-bhuil nan oid-

hirpean aca … before we see the full

effect of their efforts l.-chinnteach a

categorical, cocksure l.-chumhachd

nf absolute power, plenipotence

l.-chumhachdach nm plenipotentiary

l.-chumhachdach a plenipotent l.-

fhaide a full length

□

dealbh-chluich

làn-fhaide a full length play l.-

ghealach nf full moon l.-ghèile nm

whole gale l.-leagte a fully resigned /

fully agreeable

□

bha sinn uile làn-

leagte ris we were all fully agreeable to

it l.-mara, làin-mhara nm full / high

tide l.-shoilleir a self-evident l.-thìde

a full-time

□

obair làn-thìde full-time

work

□

bha luchd-obrach làn-thìde aig

a’ Chomann the society had full-time

workers (also l.-aimsireach and l.-thìm)

l.-thìm a full-time

□

bha e ag obair

làn-thìm air he was working full-time

on it (also l.-aimsireach and l.-thìde)

lànachd nf fulness, plenitude, prime

lanaig nf narrow path for cattle

langa, -annan nf ling (ﬁsh)

langaid / langaidh, -ean nf guillemot (also

eun-dubh-an-sgadain)

langanaich nf lowing, bellowing

□

dèan

langanaich low v

langasaid.-ean nf sofa

lann, lanna / lainne, -an nf 1. blade (of

a sword, knife etc.) 2. scale (of ﬁsh etc.)

3. plate, ﬂat sheet (of metal etc.)

lann, lainn, -an nf area, enclosure, fence,

repository

□

lann lùth-chleas gymnasium

□

381 lath

làrach, -aich, -ean nf imprint, impression,

mark, ruin (of building), scar, site

□

làrach

càmpachaidh camp site

□

làrach charab-

hanaichean caravan site

□

làrach fhos-

gailte open space (in town planning etc.)

□

làrach gnìomhachais industrial site

□

làrach picnic picnic site

□

làrach stiùiridh

control site

□

làrach tionndaidh turning

point

□

tha an eaglais an-diugh na làraich

nowadays the church is a ruin

□

làrach

coise footprint

□

cha robh ann ach làrach

na h-aon choise there was only the one

footprint

□

dh’fhàg seo làrach dhomhain

air a h-inntinn this left a deep impression

on her mind

□

rinn an t-seinn làrach nach

bu bheag orra the singing made no small

impression on them

□

cha tèid an làrach

aige às mo chuimhne a dh’aithghearr its

imprint will not leave my memory soon

□

bha làrach na sgeine na chliabh the mark

of the knife was in his chest

làraidh, -ean nf lorry

làraidh-fhuighlich nf refuse lorry, refuse

cart l.-tobhaidh nf breakdown lorry

larbha, larbhachan nf larva

làrna-mhàireach, air làrna-mhàireach

adv on the morrow, the following morning

las, -adh v blaze, burn, ignite, kindle, light,

set alight

□

las e spong he lit a match

lasachadh, -aidh nm & vn of lasaich eas-

ing, slackening etc., discount, mitigation,

palliation, relaxation

□

lasachadh (prìse)

discount

□

bha beagan lasachaidh anns a’

gaoith there was a little easing in the wind

lasadan, -ain, -ain nm match (for lighting)

lasadair, -ean nm lighter (for lighting),

match

lasadh, -aidh nm & vn of las lighting etc.,

ignition, inﬂammation

lasaich, -achadh v discount, ease, let up,

loose(n), mitigate, palliate, relax, slacken

□

cha lasaich e gus am faigh e na tha e ag

iarraidh he won’t let up until he gets what

he wants

□

lasaich an t-sian the weather

eased

lasair, lasrach, lasraichean nf ﬂame, ﬂash

□

bha an t-adhar na lasair dheirg the sky

was a red ﬂame

lasair-bhoillsg, l.-bhoillsge, l.-bhoillsgean

nf ﬂare l.-choille, lasrach-choille, las-

raichean-coille nf 1. goldﬁnch 2. green

woodpecker l.-lèana nf spearwort l.-

sholas nm ﬂash-light

□

bha e a’ feitheamh

ri deàrrsadh a’lasair-sholais he was wait-

ing for the glare of the ﬂash-light

□

bha

lasair-sholais a’ dealrachadh ﬂash-lights

were ﬂashing l.-staid nf ﬂash-point

□

a’ measadh na lasair-staid(e) estimating

the ﬂash-point

lasanta a hot, ﬁery, impassioned, inﬂam-

mable, passionate

□

“Cha do rinn mi e,”

thuirt e gu lasanta “I didn’t do it,” he said

hotly

lasarra a inﬂammatory

lasgaire, -ean nm blade (person), gallant,

spark (of person)

lasgan, -ain nm slight outburst

□

lasgan

gàire a peal of laughter

□

chuala e lasgan

mòr gàire he heard a great peal of laughter

lasganaich nf laughing loudly, loud laugh-

ter

□

thòisich iad air lasganaich they

began laughing (loudly)

□

also lachanaich

lasrach, -aiche a ablaze, blazing, ﬂaming,

ﬂamy

lastaic nf elastic

lastaic a elastic, of elastic

□

bha bann las-

taic aige na làimh he had an elastic band

in his hand

lath, -adh v 1. benumb, numb, make numb

□

bha sinn air ar lathadh we were

benumbed

□

bha iad air an lathadh they

were numbed 2. besmear, plaster

latha, lathaichean / làithean nm day

□

also common in the form là (q.v.) and

examples not found here may perhaps

be found under that heading

□

fad an

latha all day

□

solas an latha day-

break, daylight

□

ri solas latha in day-

light / by the light of day

□

gu latha

until daylight

□

latha a’bhràth the day

of judgment

□

an àirde an latha in

broad daylight

□

latha de na làithean

one of those days / one day / some day

□

bhòidich sinn gun rachamaid ann

latha de na làithean we vowed we

would go there one of those days /

some day

□

latha de na làithean thuirt

i gum bu mhath leatha dhol do

Ghlaschu one day she stated that she

would like to go to Glasgow

□

cùrsa

aon latha a one day course

□

but note

also: latha is mi a’tadhal air Calum …

one day, while visiting Calum …

□

latha roimhe the day before / the other

day

□

bha mi a’ bruadar nam dhùisg

an latha roimhe I was daydreaming the

other day

□

dè n latha a th’ann? ’s e

Diluain a th’ann what day is it? it’s

Monday

□

tha mi glè thrang na

làithean-s’ I’m very busy these days

(note that -s’ is an abb. form of seo i.e.