Бородулин В.И., Ланцман М.Н. Справочник: Болезни. Синдромы. Симптомы
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4)0&00/00(0?0)0&0)?00?;
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+0'+=000/')0?00)04)0+=
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=0&0+40/000&8 0/0)00
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'0,-0>0680++808/)
0 ?0 '0 >0 <0 +=0 ?=0 40 ;
=0&00)0+8>'=08/000
840/0 0?00?+0/4=0=0/U+0);
400/00+?0&8 00?)0080@;
?/80,+&00,+&>00)00/4=0;
4=0 /U+0 )4=0 /=0 /+0 &80 0 /
?=0>00 (=0/00)+80800&00;
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0+00?&/+00*0+00&8 0;
000+040N08)))0?=0,;
-)000/=00/,-004040
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v
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0&0?00 ?0 )00/U+00 /0 PR=
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80(0*080+0"0&00)'000+;
40?000>8(04)(0C+=00)4;
0&8(0+8>'00?/(0+8>'0&/00D0*;
),00/0++0)4)0<0++0+A00&=
4-004=0/+,0)+,00(=0?&)0&/00;
?&/+0=00&,000+0=0/&)0;
>0/'0 &0*480 ++0?800/;
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5"W00*5$3!030313605N52$6
/00/),-+0&>0 0?0& 0;
0 0 0 (0 +)'0 0 0 0
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,-+0/+0++ 8+0&)+00(=0>+
00&0+4=04+0)8+0?+=0?;
/40 + )=0 /4+0 0 0 )0 ')
&040'0(
*++0840/=0/0>0+40(/00/;
8(00+4? +0=008(0=0&;
?0 =0 0 40 )?0 0 )0 &;
(0/)048(0'00/8+0+?+0&00
)))0+/0,-+0&8+0/++=080;
0 &0 >,0 /',0 C)/'<&/<<
D00)00)00(/&=0=00 0084
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"0 -0'80
?0? 00+40&804/8+00&;
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0 4)0 ? 0 0 ?0 +4? 8(0 /=
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0?0? 0004) +008?8
( ,0+,0>00(00,-(00;
/050 0)0?0<0)0C/;
)D0+4,-))0(+=0)084)00)00(/;
&0 0 /+0 )0 /(0 &=0 +)=0 ?
&00+8>'(000&/=080+>,)00
(0+=00&0&)0/00/)0+;
+0&8 0?)0000+(0&00;
0*0+0+40+040) 0/?=0?
0/40) 0/=04008/0;
(48(00 0 0 ++80 )4)0 0 ,0
8480++00 00/0+4,-)0(+;
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')00)=0(/00040&)0C&
/0&0/)004)D=00008)++04=
0 4/)0 +0 >)+0 0 +0 '
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>)0 ,+&>)0 )0 =0 =0 ++0 84
/=0&80&0/8+0?+)+00?
0 00>0&00&80/=0))
0 +8+0 0 ++8+0 ?+=0 0 /0 /0 4
0 50 0 4/)0 +++0 8/)=0 ?)+=
848+0 +++0 )4)0 * 0 >0 ,+&;
>0+0&80&0*.00?0 8(0;
00&0,+&0(/00@+0 0&0+40;
))00)'=0)/'=0&0&>0=000;
+08)))0)0&?00 0/40
?+00
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0 )=0/,-00(=0&>0=0)/'=0/,,
5"W00*5$3!030313605N52$6
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(0&/0*0+0+408)0&?00&
)00'=0&+0/00?=0/0&/0;
0 )=0 ?&0 0 40 '0 &/0
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/)00)0/+0';/?/>0 )0 0);
))00/0+)'80&+00?,0&,0;
0=0+800&>0 00<0@00>
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00 0>/0+8>'000(4+0/;
0 )0 0 0 '0 &/0 /+0 )))
&,00)/ 0&=0/,-00?/0(0&/
=0 /0 &,0 &0 0 0 ?+0 80 /
+8>'8=0'804)=0?00?00/;
?+0+>,0+8> 80?+00/00&,0&0
00=00004/)0 +0+++
C8/+0=04+0 D=08?04;
+0=0+8>'00/(0+)(0=0008(0
0 0 =0 4/,-))0 8+0 0 /8+
+++=0 -0 &80 &0 4+0 (0 ;
0C+=00D00) 0)0
. ? 06)0+00OPQ0 0&00/& ;
80(00&0? 0?000-0/;
04)0? =00+0/40&80;
0 0 =0 &80 0 0 + 80 =0 /0 &
08?80&0?8+0 +0<0+8+0;
++0C&8 000?D=0(,0? 00
+?=0 ?,-+0 /+=0 8+0 @/+=0 ?+
0+&?+08=0?&+0/4/ 0 4?8=00+;
0 +8=0 4/ ;> 0 =0 0 ?&,>;
005&)040&(/+00/,-(0;
)(A0 ED0 &0 80 )0 /0 EK0 0 0 KP0 M0 D0 &0 0 ;
+( 0(0C0+>)00=00404=
0 0+)DM0D00&00++0M0:D00+;
?00?00? 0&?M0KD040++;
00+)0008+0')+M0FD0(/=0;
40+8000/0 +80))M0 LD0/)0;
00+M0BD0 0?04)00+?0
0(0C =0&>8(0?0>)0 =
?8(0>DM0OD0 0?+00&8(0?(0;
00+
*0 +0 /0 &0 +0 0 ?0 '0
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8(0 0/,0+?800? 0C+ )04?=0=0/;
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0 &,>0 0 ?0 8)0 0 40 &
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5"W00*5$3!030313605N52$6
/00/),-+0&>0 0?0& 0;
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,-+0/+0++ 8+0&)+00(=0>+
00&0+4=04+0)8+0?+=0?;
/40 + )=0 /4+0 0 0 )0 ')
&040'0(
*++0840/=0/0>0+40(/00/;
8(00+4? +0=008(0=0&;
?0 =0 0 40 )?0 0 )0 &;
(0/)048(0'00/8+0+?+0&00
)))0+/0,-+0&8+0/++=080;
0 &0 >,0 /',0 C)/'<&/<<
D00)00)00(/&=0=00 0084
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0 4)0 ? 0 0 ?0 +4? 8(0 /=
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0?0? 0004) +008?8
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/050 0)0?0<0)0C/;
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&0 0 /+0 )0 /(0 &=0 +)=0 ?
&00+8>'(000&/=080+>,)00
(0+=00&0&)0/00/)0+;
+0&8 0?)0000+(0&00;
0*0+0+40+040) 0/?=0?
0/40) 0/=04008/0;
(48(00 0 0 ++80 )4)0 0 ,0
8480++00 00/0+4,-)0(+;
80&0/0?)00&(0(=0+0+080(=
')00)=0(/00040&)0C&
/0&0/)004)D=00008)++04=
0 4/)0 +0 >)+0 0 +0 '
(0/0
>)0 ,+&>)0 )0 =0 =0 ++0 84
/=0&80&0/8+0?+)+00?
0 00>0&00&80/=0))
0 +8+0 0 ++8+0 ?+=0 0 /0 /0 4
0 50 0 4/)0 +++0 8/)=0 ?)+=
848+0 +++0 )4)0 * 0 >0 ,+&;
>0+0&80&0*.00?0 8(0;
00&0,+&0(/00@+0 0&0+40;
))00)'=0)/'=0&0&>0=000;
+08)))0)0&?00 0/40
?+00
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0 )=0/,-00(=0&>0=0)/'=0/,,
5"W00*5$3!030313605N52$6
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)00'=0&+0/00?=0/0&/0;
0 )=0 ?&0 0 40 '0 &/0
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))00/0+)'80&+00?,0&,0;
0=0+800&>0 00<0@00>
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00 0>/0+8>'000(4+0/;
0 )0 0 0 '0 &/0 /+0 )))
&,00)/ 0&=0/,-00?/0(0&/
=0 /0 &,0 &0 0 0 ?+0 80 /
+8>'8=0'804)=0?00?00/;
?+0+>,0+8> 80?+00/00&,0&0
00=00004/)0 +0+++
C8/+0=04+0 D=08?04;
+0=0+8>'00/(0+)(0=0008(0
0 0 =0 4/,-))0 8+0 0 /8+
+++=0 -0 &80 &0 4+0 (0 ;
0C+=00D00) 0)0
. ? 06)0+00OPQ0 0&00/& ;
80(00&0? 0?000-0/;
04)0? =00+0/40&80;
0 0 =0 &80 0 0 + 80 =0 /0 &
08?80&0?8+0 +0<0+8+0;
++0C&8 000?D=0(,0? 00
+?=0 ?,-+0 /+=0 8+0 @/+=0 ?+
0+&?+08=0?&+0/4/ 0 4?8=00+;
0 +8=0 4/ ;> 0 =0 0 ?&,>;
005&)040&(/+00/,-(0;
)(A0 ED0 &0 80 )0 /0 EK0 0 0 KP0 M0 D0 &0 0 ;
+( 0(0C0+>)00=00404=
0 0+)DM0D00&00++0M0:D00+;
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00+)0008+0')+M0FD0(/=0;
40+8000/0 +80))M0 LD0/)0;
00+M0BD0 0?04)00+?0
0(0C =0&>8(0?0>)0 =
?8(0>DM0OD0 0?+00&8(0?(0;
00+
*0 +0 /0 &0 +0 0 ?0 '0
? 0&?)=0)0(0=0 (0 ;
8(0 0/,0+?800? 0C+ )04?=0=0/;
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0 &,>0 0 ?0 8)0 0 40 &
EKB
5"W00*5$3!030313605N52$6
40'0)0?8(0'05)0?/ 0;
0? 0<0, 0+8=04/80+=0;
'80 0 80 ?&)=0 (0 50 ?0 +
&8+0 0 +=0 /8+0 C&0 0 /D0 0 8+0 &8+
/++=0040+0&8+=0)+8+00?,0
+,0,0*0?)+0/)0,0(=
?0/00&,>000+0?=0?;
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0 <:0 /0 0 +0 /0 0 >0 /0 0 /+0 0
?)0&8(0-00/0U'00?;
(0 '/0 0 0 E<0 /0 +/,0 80 ;
4+=00@+0&0/40400/0(00/&
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0&0000 -000*0;
4+0>),=0 0+/,00/0+)0 0;
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/,00 0(0/000.0>0;
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0 (0=0/8080/;
0<0&00FPP<EBPP0+n=00LK<EKP0+n=0/;
0 CD0 0 KP<EKP0 +n0 0 0 +8> =
+0 0 P<P0 +n=0 0 0 P<FP0 +n0 0
+8> =0/+'00LK<PP0+n0000/0;
8(0 0 0 /0 / 0 +
=00 +=000/=0/0)))0&0*0+
@(0 /0 /)0 ?-80 ?0 & 0 4/0 +40 ?
'/8080
?/00+'80C+8> ; D0+0&;
0/0+0+A0?+00E<0+n=
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00/00800&?80 00;
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0/+/+00+=0+4=0 &,0+=0, ,-,
4)000+8> 000)40?+;
8(0+8>'0?/00&80+0&0, 0+;
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&0 /)0 /,,0 &/0 8(0
0 +/80 +40 0 0 =0 ? +
'/+0 C@?0 0 +8+0 +=0?00/;
?+00/D0
*0>+0/+=0 -008?+0840/=0;
0)0/),)0/0F<B0/0*'80 )0,)
52T"3%
EKO
+040<0804+00 0(0/00/,-+
8+0 0 >+=0 0 0 /80 ;
80/=0 &)0+05&0 )0
0&0>+0+0 &8(0&/00+0/=0?;
/,-(00 ,0&=0<0@ (0;
0C&+?00PP<FPP0+nD=0/0<0/
C@D00K<LK0+00 =0+000P<OP0+00 =
+00EKP0+0<0 ?0 0 =0 0 0'
+00&0 )00'=000+0/0';
&?80@/80&/80+0&/0+0+))0;
'00/+/+0C00?/)00P=KQ00Q0;
+0+D00)48(0 )(0000?;
0 ?+40 /0 0 0 /0 <0 EPP0 +
/?000 0<K0/00/,-0&80+
*+),0&>0/?80+0
E
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F
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000EPP<PP0+0000PP0+0?
0(/0)D0
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0?0+0>=0?06)00
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0?00@0=000)/0 00'0(/;
>
6 )0 ,+&)0 0 ,+&>)=0 /4,-)0 &
+=0<0&0)00&8(=0&,-)0&0//;
?0/(/00 ,040, 0?80 8
&0C(=0'=0+& 0>)D0 %/+?)
)0C=0*=0+8D=0 &80&/80?;
800&)(05)0'0 )00( 0&0;
0000&=000+0>0/8(0?;
+40 &0 " 0 , 0 +-0 +/+;
?80+/8A0+))004,0=0 &,0+=
+,0 ,=0 +40 40 0 0 0 +8>'80 8
&,>0=000 0&0?&0',-(0/4;
=0?+00/8004)00/40;
? +=0& +=0 +0+/+
*0?0? 00+/,0>0=0;
40+80=0*0*?80? 0'/80C;
+=0?00/?+00@+D00 &)0+;
0 3/0 @80 @/0 /0 /
80 '0 *0 @0 0 ;
)0 ?0 0 +>0 * 0 &
000'0/0=0?&0/;
8(0 /40 0 ?/0 +8> 0 =0 & ,-
0/0?00? =00=
'0+0?)=040+80=0?00)0
&
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&),)00-08
EKB
5"W00*5$3!030313605N52$6
40'0)0?8(0'05)0?/ 0;
0? 0<0, 0+8=04/80+=0;
'80 0 80 ?&)=0 (0 50 ?0 +
&8+0 0 +=0 /8+0 C&0 0 /D0 0 8+0 &8+
/++=0040+0&8+=0)+8+00?,0
+,0,0*0?)+0/)0,0(=
?0/00&,>000+0?=0?;
&,>0=0@,0,=0+,
T04-0&)?0+0
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,+&>0/04/0? 0+>)0&00 ;
0 <:0 /0 0 +0 /0 0 >0 /0 0 /+0 0
?)0&8(0-00/0U'00?;
(0 '/0 0 0 E<0 /0 +/,0 80 ;
4+=00@+0&0/40400/0(00/&
/)00?06/000(00+0& 0&=0/
0&0000 -000*0;
4+0>),=0 0+/,00/0+)0 0;
? ,00C?&000-0-=0/))
)4=0/0&8)0040/)D08+00'/;
,-+0&)+00?+0&0? 0+;
/,00 0(0/000.0>0;
0'&?=000@+0?00&)
+8>'00/0 000>0/4)=0?;
&)0?00? 00+/+?00,;
00<0000'+0/0+/0C+D
0 (0=0/8080/;
0<0&00FPP<EBPP0+n=00LK<EKP0+n=0/;
0 CD0 0 KP<EKP0 +n0 0 0 +8> =
+0 0 P<P0 +n=0 0 0 P<FP0 +n0 0
+8> =0/+'00LK<PP0+n0000/0;
8(0 0 0 /0 / 0 +
=00 +=000/=0/0)))0&0*0+
@(0 /0 /)0 ?-80 ?0 & 0 4/0 +40 ?
'/8080
?/00+'80C+8> ; D0+0&;
0/0+0+A0?+00E<0+n=
?/0C//D00:<B0+n=0&00P<LK0+n=0/;
?+00EP<:P0+n=0&8 00/>0E<0/=0U'0+
00/00800&?80 00;
/,-+0)4+0+8>'=0?+ ,0',=0'
0/+/+00+=0+4=0 &,0+=0, ,-,
4)000+8> 000)40?+;
8(0+8>'0?/00&80+0&0, 0+;
/80 +000 &0 +=00 +0 /+
&0 /)0 /,,0 &/0 8(0
0 +/80 +40 0 0 =0 ? +
'/+0 C@?0 0 +8+0 +=0?00/;
?+00/D0
*0>+0/+=0 -008?+0840/=0;
0)0/),)0/0F<B0/0*'80 )0,)
52T"3%
EKO
+040<0804+00 0(0/00/,-+
8+0 0 >+=0 0 0 /80 ;
80/=0 &)0+05&0 )0
0&0>+0+0 &8(0&/00+0/=0?;
/,-(00 ,0&=0<0@ (0;
0C&+?00PP<FPP0+nD=0/0<0/
C@D00K<LK0+00 =0+000P<OP0+00 =
+00EKP0+0<0 ?0 0 =0 0 0'
+00&0 )00'=000+0/0';
&?80@/80&/80+0&/0+0+))0;
'00/+/+0C00?/)00P=KQ00Q0;
+0+D00)48(0 )(0000?;
0 ?+40 /0 0 0 /0 <0 EPP0 +
/?000 0<K0/00/,-0&80+
*+),0&>0/?80+0
E
=0
F
00
E
=00C:PP0+0<0?
000EPP<PP0+0000PP0+0?
0(/0)D0
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0?0+0>=0?06)00
>0+),0? 80808)4)=0&/8(0/8(
0?00@0=000)/0 00'0(/;
>
6 )0 ,+&)0 0 ,+&>)=0 /4,-)0 &
+=0<0&0)00&8(=0&,-)0&0//;
?0/(/00 ,040, 0?80 8
&0C(=0'=0+& 0>)D0 %/+?)
)0C=0*=0+8D=0 &80&/80?;
800&)(05)0'0 )00( 0&0;
0000&=000+0>0/8(0?;
+40 &0 " 0 , 0 +-0 +/+;
?80+/8A0+))004,0=0 &,0+=
+,0 ,=0 +40 40 0 0 0 +8>'80 8
&,>0=000 0&0?&0',-(0/4;
=0?+00/8004)00/40;
? +=0& +=0 +0+/+
*0?0? 00+/,0>0=0;
40+80=0*0*?80? 0'/80C;
+=0?00/?+00@+D00 &)0+;
0 3/0 @80 @/0 /0 /
80 '0 *0 @0 0 ;
)0 ?0 0 +>0 * 0 &
000'0/0=0?&0/;
8(0 /40 0 ?/0 +8> 0 =0 & ,-
0/0?00? =00=
'0+0?)=040+80=0?00)0
&
$#'
0&?=08?8+)0+0&0&?+M
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8=0 0 (?)0 +-8+0 4+0 '
0 0 0 +80 )0 0 (0 (0 +=0 /
&),)00-08
EFP
52T"3%
?&/0<0Siegjlcpcfh0wejficdfh0<00@&M0>0;
00/00-00/(0+(0<000;
M0&?080@?080+80+&0&;
00j0BP R00 0P0+=00) 0<00 0K0+=08
8/4,0) 0/4,0K0 =0&000;
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