West M. Developing High Quality Data Models
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EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY class_of_physical_object
SUBTYPE OF (class_of_individual, class_of_state_of_
physical_object);
END_ENTITY;
(*
17.7.2 Class_of_state_of_physical_object
A class_of_state that is state_of_physical_object or any of its
subsets.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY class_of_state_of_physical_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_state);
END_ENTITY;
(*
17.7.3 Physical_object
An individual that consists of a distribution of mat ter and/or
energy.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY physical_object
SUBTYPE OF(individual, state_of_physical_object);
SELF\individual.member_of :OPTIONAL SET [1:?] OF class_of_
physical_object;
SELF\individual.
member_of_kind :OPTIONAL SET [1:?] OF
kind_of_physical_object;
END_ENTITY;
(*
Attribute definitions:
member_of A mem
ber_of relationship type where a
physical_object may be a member_of one or
more class_of_physical_object.
member_of_kind A member_of relationship type where a
physical_object may be a member_of one or
more kind_of_physical_object.
222 Chapter 17 HQDM_FRAMEWORK
17.7.4 State_of_physical_object
A state that is a physical_object or a temporal_part_of a
physical_object.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY state_of_physical_object
SUBTYPE OF(state);
SELF\state.
temporal_part_of :OPTIONAL SET [1:?] OF physical_
object;
SELF\state.member_of :OPTIONAL SET [1:?] OF class_of_
state_of_physical_object;
END_ENTITY;
(*
Attribute definitions:
temporal_part_of A tempor
al_part_of relationship type where a
state_of_physical_object maybea
temporal_part_of one or more physical_object.
member_of A member_of relationship type where a
state_of_physical_object may be a
member_of one or more
class_of_state_of_physical_object.
17.8 Ordinary Physical Object
Figur e 17-8 shows the data model for ordinary_physical_ob ject.
An ordinary_physical_object is a physical_object that does not
survive having all of its parts replaced simultaneously. A state_
of_ordinary_physical_object is an ordinary_physical_object or a
temporal_part_of one. A state_of_ordinary_physical_object may
be a temporal_part_of one or more ordinary_physic al_object .
A state_of_ordinary_physical_object may be a member_of
one or more class_of_state_of_ordinary_physical_object, while
an ordinary_physical_object may be a member_of one or more
class_of_ordinary_physical_object and a member_of one or
more kind_of_ordinary_physical_object.
17.8.1 Class_of_ordinary_physical_object
A class_of_state_of_ordinary_physical_object that is also a
class_of_physical_object that is ordinary_physical_object or
any of its subsets.
Chapter 17 HQDM_FRAMEWORK 223
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY class_of_ordinary_physical_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_state_of_ordinary_physical_object,
class_of_physical_object);
END_ENTITY;
(*
17.8.2 Class_of_state_of_ordinary_physical_object
A class_of_state_of_physical_object that is state_of_ordinary_
physical_object or any of its subsets.
(RT) member_of S[1:?](RT) member_of S[1:?]
(RT) member_of_kind S[1:?]
(RT) temporal_ part_of S[1:?]
state_of_ordinary_
physical_object
class_of_state_
of_ordinary_
physical_object
class_of_
ordinary_
physical_object
ordinary_
physical_object
8,1 (7)
8,2 (7)
8,3 (7)
8,4 (7)
9,1 kind_of_
ordinary_physical_
object
9,1 kind_of_
ordinary_physical_
object
17,3 class_of_
system
27,2 class_of_
ordinary_
functional_object
21,3 class_of_
ordinary_biological_
object
21,2 ordinary_
biological_object
17,1 system
27,4 ordinary_
functional_object
27,3 class_of_state_
of_ordinary_
functional_object
21,4 class_of_state_
of_ordinary_
biological_object
19,1 class_of_
installed_object
17,4 class_of_
state_of_system
27,1 state_of_
ordinary_
functional_object
21,1 state_of_
ordinary_
biological_object
19,2 installed_
object
17,2 state_of_
system
Figure 17-8 HQDM_FRAMEWORK EXPRESS-G diagram 8 of 46.
224 Chapter 17 HQDM_FRAMEWORK
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY class_of_state_of_ordinary_physical_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_state_of_physical_object);
END_ENTITY;
(*
17.8.3 Ordinary_physical_object
A physical_object that does not survive changing all its parts
at once.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY ordinary_physical_object
SUBTYPE OF(physical_object, state_of_ordinary_physical_
object);
SELF\physical_object.
member_of :OPTIONAL SET [1:?] OF class_of_
ordinary_physical_object;
SELF\physical_object.
member_of_kind :OPTIONAL SET [1:?] OF kind_of_
ordinary_physical_object;
END_ENTITY;
(*
Attribute definitions:
member_of A member_of re
lationship type where an
ordinary_physical_object maybeamember_of
one or more class_of_ordinary_physical_object.
member_of_kind A member_of_kind relationship type where
an ordinary_physical_object may be a
member_of one or more
kind_of_ordinary_physical_object.
17.8.4 State_of_ordinary_physical_object
A state_of_physical_object that is an ordinary_physical_
object or a temporal_part_of one.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY state_of_ordinary_physical_object
SUBTYPE OF(state_of_physical_object);
Chapter 17 HQDM_FRAMEWORK 225
SELF\state_of_physical_object.
temporal_part_of :OPTIONAL SET [1:?] OF
ordinary_physical_object;
SELF\state_of_physical_object.
member_of :OPTIONAL SET [1:?] OF
class_of_state_of_
ordinary_physical_object;
END_ENTITY;
(*
Attribute definitions:
temporal_part_of A temporal_part_of relationship
type where a
state_of_ordinary_physical_object may be a
temporal_part_of one or more
ordinary_physical_object.
member_of A member_of relationship type where a
state_of_ordinary_physical_object may be a
member_of one or more
class_of_state_of_ordinary_physical_object .
17.9 Kind of Individual and Subtypes
Figure 17-9, together with Figure 17-10, shows the subtype/
supertype tree for kind_of_individual and many of its subtypes.
Individuals are of the same kind if they share characteristics to a sig-
nificant degree. The subtypes of kind_of_individual are kind_of_
physical_object and kind_of_intentionally_constructed_object.
The subtypes of kind_of_physical_object are kind_of_ordinary_
physical_object, kind_of_functional_object—which is also a
subtype of intentionally_constructed_object—kind_o f_system_
component,andkind_of_bio logical_object.
The subtypes of kind_of_ordinar y_physical_object are
kind_of_ordinar y_functional_object—which is also a subtype
of functional_object—kind_of_system, and kind_of_ordinary_
biological_object.
The subtypes of intentionally_constructed_object are kind_
of_socially_constru cted_object, kind_of_organization , and
kind_of_organization_component.
17.9.1 Kind_of_biological_object
A class_of_biological_object that is also a kind_of_physical_
object where each member_of a kind_of_biological_object is of
the same kind.
226 Chapter 17 HQDM_FRAMEWORK
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY kind_of_biological_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_biological_object,
kind_of_physical_object);
END_ENTITY;
(*
kind_of_
individual
9,3 (6)
kind_of_intentionally_
constructed_object
9,4 (25)
kind_of_socially_
constructed_object
kind_of_
functional_object
intended_role_by_class S[1:?]
kind_of_
ordinary_
physical_object
kind_of_
ordinary_
functional_object
kind_of_
ordinary_
biological_object
kind_of_
physical_object
9,5 (29)
16,4 role
9,9 (21)
kind_of_
biological_object
9,8 (20)
9,1 (8)
9,7 (26)
9,2 (7)
9,6 (27)
33,3 kind_of_
organization_component
10,3 kind_of_system_
component
10,1 kind_of_system
31,5 kind_of_
organization
Figure 17-9 HQDM_FRAMEWORK EXPRESS-G diagram 9 of 46.
Chapter 17 HQDM_FRAMEWORK 227
17.9.2 Kind_of_functional_object
A class_of_functional_object,thatisalsoakind_of_physical_
object,andakind_of_intentionally_constructed_object where
each member_of a kind_of_functional_object is of the same kind.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY kind_of_functional_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_functional_object, kind_of_physical_
object, kind_of_intentionally_constructed_object);
intended_role_by_class :SET [1:?] OF role;
END_ENTITY;
(*
Attribute definitions:
intended_role_by_class A
relationship type where each
member_of a
kind_of_functional_object is intend ed
to play one or more role(s).
17.9.3 Kind_of_individual
A class_of_individual where all the members possess attri-
butes in common.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY kind_of_individual
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_individual);
END_ENTITY;
(*
17.9.4 Kind_of_intentionally_constructed_object
A class_of_intentionally_constructed_object that is also a
kind_of_individual where each member_of a kind_of_
intentionally_constructed_object is of the same kind.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY kind_of_intentionally_constructed_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_intentionally_constructed_object,
kind_of_individual);
END_ENTITY;
(*
228 Chapter 17 HQDM_FRAMEWORK
17.9.5 Kind_of_ordinary_biological_object
A class_of_ordinary_biological_object,thatisalsoakind_of_
ordinary_physi cal_object,andakind_of_biological_object where
each member_of a kind_of_ordinary_biological_object is of the
same kind.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY kind_of_ordinary_biological_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_ordinary_biological_object, kind_of_
biological_object, kind_of_ordinary_physical_
object);
END_ENTITY;
(*
17.9.6 Kind_of_ordinary_functional_object
A class_of_ordinary_functional_object, that is also a kind_
of_ordinary_physical_object, and a kind_of_functional_object
where each member_of a kind_of_ordinary_functional_object
is of the same kind.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY kind_of_ordinary_functional_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_ordinary_functional_object, kind_of_
ordinary_physical_object, kind_of_functional_
object);
END_ENTITY;
(*
17.9.7 Kind_of_ordinary_physical_object
A class_of_ordinary_physical_object that is also a kind_of_
physical_object where each ordinary_physical_object has
members that are of the same kind.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY kind_of_ordinary_physical_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_ordinary_physical_object,
kind_of_physical_object);
END_ENTITY;
(*
Chapter 17 HQDM_FRAMEWORK 229
17.9.8 Kind_of_physical_object
A class_of_physical_object that is also a kind_of_individual
where each physical_object has members that are of the same kind.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY kind_of_physical_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_physical_object, kind_of_individual);
END_ENTITY;
(*
17.9.9 Kind_of_socially_constructed_object
A class_of_socially_constructed_object that is also a kind_of_
intentionally_constructed_object where each kind_of_socially_
constructed_object has members that are of the same kind.
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY kind_of_socially_constructed_object
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_socially_contructed_object,
kind_of_intentionally_constructed_object);
END_ENTITY;
(*
17.10 Kind of System and System
Component
Figure 17-10 shows some more subtypes of kind_of_individual.
A kind_o f_syst em is a class_of_system and kind_of_ordinary_
physical_obj ect that is a complex object that is a group of objects
organized for a purpose. A system has one or more syst em_
components that are wholly replaceable but do not survive the
system itself. A kind_of_system_component is a class_of_
system_component that is also a kind_of_physical_object.
Subtypes of kind_of_system are kind_of_biological_system,
kind_of_functional_system, and kind_of_party. Similarly sub-
types of kind_of_system_component are kind_of_biological_
system_component, kind_of_functional_system_component,
and kind_of_organization_component.
17.10.1 Kind_of_biological_system
A class_of_biological_system that is also a kind_of_system
all of whose members have a natural role that they play.
230 Chapter 17 HQDM_FRAMEWORK
EXPRESS specification:
*)
ENTITY kind_of_biological_system
SUBTYPE OF(class_of_biological_system, kind_of_system);
natural_role_by_class :role;
SELF\kind_of_system.has_
component_by_class :SET [1:?] OF kind_of_biological_
system_component;
END_ENTITY;
(*
Attribute definitions:
natural_role_by_class A
relationship type where each
member_o f the kind_of_biological_
system naturally participates in the role.
has_component_by_class A has_component_by_class relationship
type where each member_of a kind_
of_biological_system has a member_of
one or more kind_of_biological_
system_component as a component.
kind_of_system_
component
10,3 (9,18)
10,4 (24)
has_component_by_class S[1:?]
(RT) has_component_by_class S[1:?]
33,3 kind_of_
organization_component
30,5 kind_of_party
kind_of_
system
10,1 (9,17)
natural_role_by_class
16,4 role
kind_of_biological_
system_component
10,6 (22)
kind_of_
biological_system
10,5 (28)
(RT) has_component_by_class S[1:?]
kind_of_functional_
system_component
10,2 (28)
kind_of_
functional_system
Figure 17-10 HQDM_FRAMEWORK EXPRESS-G diagram 10 of 46.
Chapter 17 HQDM_FRAMEWORK 231