MacBain Alexander. Etymological Dictionary of Scottish-Gaelic 2nd Edition

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above.

<magh>, a plain, a field, Ir. [magh], O.Ir. [mag], W. [ma], [maes]

([*magestu-]), Cor. [męs], Br. [maes], Gaul. [magos]: [*magos], [*mages-],

field, plain, "expanse", from root [magh], great, Skr. [mahî], the

earth, [mahas], great; Gr. @G[mc@nhos], means, Lat. [machina], machine;

Got. [magan], be able, Eng. [may].

<maghan>, stomach: N. [magi].

<maghar>, bait for fish, so Ir., E.Ir. [magar] (Corm.), small fry or fish:

<maibean>, a cluster, bunch; see [mab].

<maide>, a stick, wood, Ir., E.Ir., [matan], a club: [*maddio-],

[*mas-do-]; Lat. [malus] (= [*mâdus]), mast; Eng. [mast].

<mŕidhean>, delay, slowness:

<mŕidse>, a shapeless mass:

<mŕidsear>, a major; from the Eng.

<Mŕigh>, May, E.Ir. [Mái]; from Lat. {maius], Eng. [May].

<mŕigean>, a child beginning to walk, a fat, little man: from [mŕg].

<maighdeag>, concha veneris, the shell of the escallop fish; from

[maighdean]? Cf. [madadh], mussel.

<maighdean>, a maiden, so Ir., late M.Ir. [maighden] (F.M.); from

M.Eng. [magden], [maiden], Ag.S. [m@oeden], now [maiden].

<maigheach>, a hare, Ir. [míol bhuidhe] (for [míol mhuighe]), E.Ir. [míl maighe],

"plain beast"; from [mial] and [magh]. The G. is an

adj. from [magh]: [*mageco-], "campestris".

<maighistir>, <maighstir>, master, Ir. [maighisdir], M.Ir. [magisder],

W. [meistyr], Cor. [maister]; from Lat. [magister], Eng. [master].

<mŕileid>, a bag, wallet, knapsack, Ir. [máiléid], [máilín]; see [mála].

<maille ri>, with, Ir. [maille re], O.Ir. [immalle], [malle]; for [imb-an-leth],

"by the side", [mu an leth] now.

<mŕille>, mail armour; from the Eng. [mail].

<mainisdir>, a monastery, so Ir., E.Ir. [manister]; from Lat. [monasterium].

<mainne>, delay, Ir. [mainneachdna]; cf. O.Ir. [mendat], residence,

O.G. [maindaidib] (dat.pl.), Skr. [mandiram], lodging, habitation;

Lat. [mandra], a pen, Gr. @G[mándra] (do.).

<mainnir>, a fold, pen, goat pen, booth, Ir. [mainreach], [mainneir],

M.Ir. [maindir]; Lat. [mandra], Gr. @G[mándra], pen, as under

[mainne]. K.Meyer takes it from early Fr. [maneir], dwelling,

Eng. [manor].

<mair>, last, live, Ir. [mairim], O.Ir. [maraim]: [*marô]; Lat. [mora],

delay [*mr@.-].

--page 240

<mŕireach>, to-morrow, Ir. [márach], E.Ir. [imbârach], to-morrow,

[iarnabárach], day after to-morrow, W. [bore], [boreu], morning,

[y fory], to-morrow, M.W. [avory], Br. [bure], morning, [*bârego-]

(Stokes, Zimmer): [*mr@-@.-ego-], root [mr@-@.gh], [mr@.gh] ([mr@.g]?); Got.

[maurgins], morning, [da maurgina], to-morrow, Eng. [morrow],

Ger. [morgen], etc.

<mairg>, pity! Ir. [mairg], E.Ir. [marg], vae: [*margi-]; Gr. @G[márgos],

mad, Lat. [morbus](?). Usually referred to [*mo-oirc], [*mo oirg],

"my destruction", from [org], destroy (See [tuargan]).

<mairiste>, marriage; from the Eng.

<mŕirneal>, a delay, Ir. [mairneulachd], tediousness, a sailing:

<mairtir>, a martyr, so Ir., E.Ir. [martir], W. [merthyr]; from Lat.

[martyr], from Gr. @G[mártus] [márturos], a witness.

<maise>, beauty, so Ir., E.Ir. [maisse], from [mass], comely; root [mad],

[med], measure, Eng. [meet], Ger. [mässig], moderate; further

Eng. [mete], etc.

<maistir>, urine, so Ir.; [*madstri], root [mad], Lat. [madeo].

<maistreadh>, churning, so Ir.; root [mag]: Gr. @G[magís], @G[mássw], Ch.Sl.

[masla], butter.

<maith>, <math>, good, Ir., O.Ir. [maith], W. [mad], Cor. [mas], M.Br.

[mat]: [*mati-s], root [mat], [met], measure, I.E. [mę], measure, as

in [meas], q.v.? Bez. suggests as an alternative Skr. [úpa-mâti],

affabilis, Gr. @G[matís] (= @G[mégas], Hes.).

<maith>, <math>, pardon, Ir. [maitheam] (n.), E.Ir. [mathem], a forgiving,

W. [maddeu], ignoscere, root [mad], "be quiet about", Skr.

[mádati], linger, [mandas], lingering, Got. [ga-môtan], room; see

[mainnir]. Rhys regards the W. as borrowed from Ir.; if so,

G. is same as [maith], good.

<mŕl>, rent, tax, M.Ir. [mál], W. [mâl], bounty; from Ag.S. [mál],

tribute, M.Eng. [ma@-l], now [mail] (black-[mail]), Sc. [mail].

<mŕla>, a bag, budget, Ir. [mála]; from the M.Eng. [ma@-le], wallet,

bag (now [mail]), from O.Fr. [male], from O.H.G. [malha].

<mala>, pl. <malaichean> ([mailghean in Arg., cf. [duilich], [duilghe]),

eyebrow, Ir. [mala], O.Ir. [mala], g. [malach], M.Br. [malvenn],

eyelash: [*malax]; Lit. [blakstenai], eyelashes, [blakstini], wink,

Lettic [mala], border, Alban. [mal'], hill, border.

<malairt>, an exchange, so Ir., M.Ir. [malartaigim], I exchange, also

"destroy": in E.Ir. and O.Ir. [malairt] means "destruction",

which may be compared to Lat. [malus], bad.

<malc>, putrefy: [*malqô]; Lit. [nu-smelkiů], decay, Servian [mlak],

lukewarm (Strachan), O.H.G. [moa(h)węn], tabere (Bez.). It

has also been referred to the root [mel], grind.

<mŕlda>, gentle, Ir. [málta]; Gr. @G[malqakós], soft (see [meall]).

<mall>, slow, Ir., O.Ir. [mall] (W. [mall], want of energy, softness?);

Gr. @G[méllw], linger ([*melno-]); Lat. [pro-mello], litem promovere.

--page 241

It has also been refered to the root of Gr. @G[malqakós], soft

(see [meall]), and to that of Lat. [mollis], soft, Eng. [mellow].

<mallachd>, a curse, so Ir., O.Ir. [maldacht], W. [mellith], Br. [malloc'h];

from Lat. [maledictio], Eng. [malediction].

<mŕm>, large round hill, Ir. [mam], mountain, M.Ir. [mamm], breast,

pap (O'Cl.): "breast, pap", Lat. [mamma], mother, breast,

Eng. [mamma], etc. Hence <mŕm>, an ulcerous swelling of the

armpit.

<mŕm>, a handful, two handfuls, Ir., M.Ir. [mám], handful, W.

[mawaid], two handfuls: [*mâmmâ] (Stokes), from [*manmâ],

allied to Lat. [manus], hand? Cf., however, [mŕg].

<mŕn>, a mole on the skin, arm-pit ulcer; side form [mŕm].

<manach>, a monk, Ir., E.Ir. [manach], M.Ir. [mainchine], monkship,

monk's duties (cf. [abdaine]), W. [mynach], Br. [manac'h]; from

Lat. [monachus], Eng. [monk]. Hence <manachainn>, a monastery.

<manach>, the angel fish:

<manachan>, the groin:

<manadh>, an omen, luck, E.Ir. [mana], omen; Lat. [moneo], warn,

advise; Ag.S. [manian], warn, exhort.

<mŕnas>, the portion of an estate famed by the owner, a large or

level farm; from the Sc. [mains], Eng. [manor].

<mandrag>, mandrake, Ir. [mandrác]; from the Eng. W. [mandragor]

is from M.Eng. [mandragores], Ag.S. [mandragora].

<mang>, a fawn, M.Ir. [mang], E.Ir. [mang] (Corm.): Celtic root [mag]

([mang]), increase, Eng. [maiden], Got. [magus], boy (see [mac]).

<mangan>, a bear; see [mathghamhain].

<mannda>, <manntach>, lisping, stammering, Ir. [manntach], toothless,

stammering, E.Ir. [mant], gum, O.Ir. [mend], dumb, etc., Ir.

[meann], dumb (O'Br.), W. [mant], jaw, [mantach], toothless jaw:

[*mand@?to-], jaw; Lat. [mandere], eat, [mandibula], a jaw; further

is Eng. [meat], Gr. @G[masáomai], chew, eat, root [mad].

<mŕnran>, a tuneful sound, a cooing, humming, Ir. [manrán]:

<maodail>, a paunch, stomach, ruminant's pouch, Ir. [méadail],

[maodal], [meadhail] (Lh.), M.Ir. [medhal] (Ir.Gl., 235), [métail]:

[*mand-to-]? Root [mad], [mand], eat, as under [mannda]?

<maoidh>, grudge, reproach, Ir. [maoidhim], grudge, upbraid, bra,

E.Ir. [máidim], threaten, boast, O.Ir. [móidem], gloriatio:

[*moido-]; root [moid], [meid]; M.H.G. [gemeit], grand, O.H.G.

[kameit], jactans, stolidus, O.Sax. [gemęd], stupid, Got. [gamaids],

bruised. See [miadh].

<maoidhean>, personal influence, interest; from Sc. [moyen] (do.), Fr.

[moyen], a mean, means, Eng. [means], from Lat. [medianus],

median, middle.

--page 242

<maoile>, brow of a hill; see [maol].

<maoim>, terror, onset, eruption, surprise, Ir. [maidhm], a sally,

eruption, defeat, E.Ir. [maidm], a breach or breaking, defeat:

[*matesmen-] (Stokes), [*matô], break; Ch.Sl., Pol. [motyka], a

hoe. Some give the root as allied to Skr. [math], stir, twirl,

Lit. [mentůris], whorl.

<maoin>, wealth, Ir. [maoin], O.Ir. [máin]: [*moini-]; Lat. [mu@-nus],

service, duty, gift (Eng. [munificence]), [communis], common;

Got. [ga-mains], common, Eng. [mean]; Lit. [maínas], exchange.

<maoineas>, slowness; see [mŕidhean].

<maoirne>, a bait for a fishing hook (N.H.), <maoirnean>, the least

quantity of anything; cf. [maghar], root [mag], grow.

<maois>, a large basket, hamper, <maois-eisg>, five hundred fish, Ir.

[maois], W. [mwys], hamper, five score herring, Cor. [muis], [moys];

Sc. [mese], five hundred herring, Norse [meiss], box, wicker

basket, [meiss síld], barrel-herrings, O.H.G. [meisa], a basket

for the back; Lit. [maiszas], sack, Ch.Sl. [me@?chu@u]. The relationship,

whether of affinity or borrowing, between Celtic and

Teutonic, is doubtful. The Brittonic might come from Lat.

[mensa], a table, and the Gadelic from the Norse.

<maoiseach>, <maoisleach>, a doe, heifer: [maol-sech] ({maol], harnless);

see [mís].

<maol>, bald, Ir. [maol], O.Ir. [máel], [máil], W. [moel], Br. [maol]: [*mailo-s];

Lit. [mailus], something small, smallness, Ch.Sl. [me@.lu@uku@u], small;

further root [mei], lessen (see [maoth]). The Ir. [mug], servant,

has been suggested as the basis: [*mag(u)lo-], servile, "short-haired,

bald"; but this, though suitable to the W., would

give in G. [mál]. Cf. Ir. [mál], prince, from [*maglo-]. Hence

<maol>, brow of a hill or rock, W. [mael], a conical hill?

<maolchair>, the space between the eyebrows; from [maol].

<maol-snčimheil>, lazy, careless, indifferent (H.S.D.), [maol-snč(imh)],

[maol-sněomh] (Rob.), a lazy one:

<maor>, an officer of justice or of estates, Ir. [maor], an officer, O.G.

[m@oer], [máir] (B.of Deer), W. [maer], steward; from Lat. [major],

whence Eng. [mayor].

<maorach>, shell-fish, Ir. [maorach]; cf. Gr. @G[múraina] ([u] long), lamprey,

@G[smu@nros], eel.

<maoth>, soft, Ir. [maoth], E.Ir. [móeth], O.Ir. [móith]: [*moiti-s]; Lat.

[mîtis], mild; further root [mei], lessen (see [měn]).

<mar>, as, Ir., M.Ir. [mar], E.Ir., O.Ir. [immar], quasi: [*ambi-are],

the prepositions [imm] (now [mu]) and [air]? W. [mor], as, Corn.,

Br. [mar], is explained by Ernault as unaccented Br. [meur], G.

[mór], big.

<mar ri>, M.G. [far ri] (D.of L.): from [mar] and [ri].

--page 243

<mŕrach>, a big, ungainly woman (Arg.); from [mór], with neuter

termination [ach]. Also <mŕraisg>.

<marag>, a pudding, M.Ir. [maróc], hilla, E.Ir. [mar], sausage; from

the Norse [mörr], dat. [mörvi], suet, [blóđ-mörr], black pudding.

<marasgal>, a master, regulator, Ir., M.Ir. [marascal], regulator,

marshal; from M.Eng. and O.Fr. [marescal], now [marshal].

<marbh>, dead, Ir. [marbh], O.Ir. [marb], W. [marw], Cor. [marow], Br.

[maro], M.Br. [marv]; [*marvo-s], root [mr@.]; Lat. [morior], die;

Lit. [mirti], die; Gr. @G[maraínw], destroy; Skr. [mar], die.

<marc>, a horse, G. and Ir. <marcach>, a horseman, E.Ir. [marc], horse,

W., Cor., Br. [march], Gaul. @G[marka-n] (acc.): [*marko-s], [*markâ];

O.H.G. [marah], mare, [meriha], horse, Norse [marr], mare,

Ag.S. [mearh], Eng. [mare] and [marshal].

<marg>, a merk: from the Eng. [mark], Sc. [merk], Norse [mo@'rk], g.

[markar].

<margadh>, a market, so Ir., M.Ir. [margad], [marcad], E.Ir. [marggad]

from M.Eng. [market], from Lat. [mercatus].

<mŕrla>, marl, Ir. [márla], W. [marl]; from Eng. [marl]. The G. has

the sense of "marble" also, where it confuses this word and

Eng. [marble] together.

<marmor>, marble, Ir. [marmur]; from Lat. [marmor]. A playing

marble is in the G. dialects <marbul>, a marble.

<mŕrrach>, enchanted castle which kept one spell-bound, labyrinth,

thicket to catch cattle (M`A.). Root [mar], [mer], deceive, as in

[mear], [brath].

<marrum>, <marruin>, cream, milk, and their products (Carm.).

Cf. [marag].

<mŕrsadh>, marching, Ir. [marsáil]; from the Eng.

<mart>, a cow, Ir. [mart], a cow, a beef, E.Ir. [mart], a beef; hence

Sc. [mart], a cow killed for family (winter) use and salted,

which Jamieson derives from [Martinmas], the time at which

the killing took place. The idea of [mart] is a cow for killing:

[*martâ], from root [mar], die, of [marbh]?

<Mŕrt>, March, Ir. [Márt], E.Ir. [mairt], g. [marta], W. [Mawrth]; from

Lat. [Martius], Eng. [March].

<martradh>, maiming, laming, Ir. [mairtrighim], murder, maim,

martyrise, O.Ir. [martre], martyrdom; from Lat. [martyr], a

martyr, whence Eng.

<mŕs>, the buttock, Ir. [más], E.Ir. [máss]: [*mâsto-]; Gr. @G[mc/dea],

genitals, @G[mastós], @G[mazós], breast, cod, @G[madáw], lose hair; Lat.

[madeo], be wet; root [mád], [mad].

<mas>, before, ere: see [mus].

<mŕsan>, delay, Ir. [masán] (O'B., etc.):

<masg>, mix, infuse; from the Sc. [mask], Swed. [mäske], to mash,

Fries. [mask], draff, grains, Eng. [mash].

--page 244

<masgul>, flattery:

<masladh>, disgrace, Ir. [masla], [masladh], despite, shame, disgrace:

<math>, good, Ir. [math]; see [maith]. This is the commonest form in

G., the only Northern Dialect form.

<math>, forgive: see [maith].

<mathaich>, manure land; from [math]?

<mŕthair>, mother, Ir. [máthair], O.Ir. [máthir], W. [modryb], dame,

aunt, O.Br. [motrep], aunt: [*mâtęr]; Lat. [mâter]; Gr. @G[mc/tcr],

Dor. [mátcr] ([a] long); Norse [móđir], Eng. [mother]; Skr. [mâtâr].

<mathghamhuin>, a bear, Ir. [mathghamhuin], E.Ir. [mathgaman],

from [math-] and [gamhainn]; with [math], bear (?), cf. W.

[madawg], fox, and possibly the Gaul. names [Matu-genos],

[Matuus], [Teuto-matus], etc.

<meacan>, a root, bulb, Ir. [meacan], any top-rooted plant, O.Ir.

[meccun], [mecon], Gr. @G[mc/kwn], poppy; O.H.G. [mági], Ger. [mohn];

Ch.Sl. [maku]: [*mekkon-], root [mek], [mak] of [mac]?

<meachainn>, mercy, an abatement, <meachair>, soft, tender,

<meachran>, hospitable person, Ir. [meach], hospitality:

<meadar>, a wooden pail or vessel, Ir. [meadar], a hollowed-out

drinking vessel, churn, M.Ir. [metur]; from Lat. [metrun],

measure, metre, meter.

<meadar>, verse, metre; for root, etc., see above word.

<meadhail>, joy; see [meadhrach].

<meadh-bhlŕth>, luke-warm: "mid-warm"; O.Ir. [mid-], mid-, root

[med], [medh], as in next.

<meadhon>, the middle, so Ir., O.Ir. [medón], [im-medón], M.W. [ymeun],

W. [mewn], within, Br. [y meton], amidst; cf. for form and root

Lat. [mediânum], the middle, Eng. [mean], further Lat. [medius],

middle; Gr. @G[mésos]; Eng. [middle]; etc.

<meadhrach>, glad, joyous, Ir. [meadhair], mirth, [meadhrach], joyous,

E.Ir. [medrach]: [*medro-]; Skr. [mad], rejoice, be joyful, [máda],

hilarity. But [medu], ale?

<mčag>, whey, Ir. [meadhg], E.Ir. [medg], W. [maidd] ([*međjo-]), Cor.

[maith], O.Br. [meid], Gallo-Lat. [mesga], whey, whence Fr. [mčgue]:

[*mezgâ], whey; O.Slav. [mozgu], succus, marrow (Thurneysen),

to which Brugmann adds O.H.G. [marg], marrow (Eng.

[marrow]), Lit. [mazgoti], wash, Lat. [mergo], merge.

<meaghal>, barking, mewing, alarm; see [miamhail].

<meal>, possess, enjoy, Ir. [mealadh] (n.), M.Ir. [melaim], I enjoy:

possibly from the root [mel], [mal], soft, as in [mealbhag]. Cf.

O.Ir. [meldach], pleasant, Eng. [mild].

<mealasg>, flattery, fawning, great rejoicing; see [miolasg].

<mealbhag>, corn poppy; cf. Lat. [malva], mallow, whence Eng.

[mallow]; Gr. @G[maláhc], root [mal], [mel], soft, "emollient", Gr.

@G[malakós], soft, Lat. [mulcere].

--page 245

<mealbhan>, sea bent (Suth.), sand dunes with bent (W.Ross):

<mealg>, milt of fish; for <*fealg> = <sealg>?

<meall>, a lump, hill, Ir. [meall], lump, knob, heap, E.Ir. [mell], Br.

[mell], joint, knot, knuckle, Gaul. [Mello-dunum] (?), now [Melun]:

[*mello-], from [*melno-]; O.Slav. [iz-molęti], just out, proturberate

(Bez. with query); [*ml@.so]; cf. Gr. @G[mélos], limb, part.

<meall>, deceive, entice, Ir. [meallaim], M.Ir. [mellaim], deceive, E.Ir.

[mell], error: [melsô] (Stokes), root [mel], [mal], bad; Lat. [malus];

Lit. [mělyti], mistake, [mélas], lie; Gr. @G[méleos], useless; Armen.

[me@G[l]], peccatum. O.Ir. [meld], pleasant (?), Gr. @G[a@'malós], root

[mela], grind.

<meallan>, <clach-mheallain>, hail, Ir. [meallán] (Fol., O'R.); from

[meall], lump?

<membrana>, parchments, Ir. [meamrum], O.Ir. [membrum]; from

Lat. [membrana], skin, membrane, from [membrum].

<meamhair>, <meomhair>, memory, Ir. [meamhair], O.Ir. [mebuir], W.

[myfyr]; from Lat. [memoria], Eng. [memory].

<meamna>, <meanmna>, spirit, will, Ir. [meanma] (n.), [meanmnach] (adj.),

O.Ir. [menme], g. [menman], mens; [*menmęs], g. [menmenos], root

[men], mind, think; Skr. [mánman], mind, thought, [manye],

think; Lat. [memini], remember, [mens]; Gr. @G[mémona], think,

@G[mnc@nma], monument; Eng. [mean], [mind]; etc.

<mean>, <meanbh>, small, E.Ir. [menbach], small particle: [*mino-],

[*minvo-], root [min]; Lat. [minus], Eng. [diminish], Lat. [minor],

[minutus], minute; Gr. @G[minúqw], lessen; Got. [minus], less: root

[mi], [mei]. See [mi-]. Stokes gives also an alternate root [men],

Skr. [manâk], a little, Lat. [mancus], mamed, Lit. [mčnkas], little.

<meanachair>, small cattle, sheep or goats (Dial.); for <meanbh-chrodh>.

<mčanan>, a yawn, Ir. [méanfach], E.Ir. [mén-scailim], I yawn,

"mouth-spread", [mén], mouth, [ménogud], hiatus; cf. W. [min],

lip, edge, Cor. [min], [meen], Br. [min], snout. Strachan and

Stokes suggest the stem [*maknâ], [*mekno-], root [mak]; Ag.S.

[maga], stomach, Ger. [magen], Eng. [maw].

<meang>, guile, Ir. [meang], E.Ir. [meng]: [*mengâ]; Gr. @G[mágganon],

engine (Eng. [mangle]), @G[magganeúw], juggle; Lat. [mango], a

dealer who imposes. Cf. N. [mang], traffic, [monger].

<meang>, whey; Dial. for [mčag].

<meangan>, <meanglan>, a twig, Ir. [meangán], [beangán]: [*mengo-],

Celtic root [meg], [mag], increase; see under [maighdean], [mac].

Cf. M.Ir. [maethain], sprouts.

<meann>, a kid, Ir. [meannán], [meann], W. [myn], Cor. [min], Br. [menn]:

[*mendo-], kid, "suckling"; Alban. [m@G[e]nt], suck; O.H.G.

[manzon], ubera; perhaps Gr. @G[mazós], breast (Stokes, Strachan)

--page 246

It may be from the root [min], small ([*minno-]), a form which

suits the W. best.

<meannd>, mint; from the Eng.

<meantairig>, venture; from Eng. [venturing]. W. [mentra].

<mear>, merry, Ir. [mear]; cf. Eng. [merry], Ag.S. [merge], [myrige],

O.H.G. [murg], [murgi] (root [mr@.gh]). The E.Ir. [mer], mad, is

allied to [mearachd]. O.Ir. [meraigim], prurio. Lat. [meretrix].

<mearachd>, error, Ir. [mearaighim], I err, [mearughadh], a mistaking,

erring, M.Ir. [merugud], wandering, root [mer], [mr@.]; Gr.

@G[a@`martanw], miss (see [brath]); Eng. [mar], Got. [marzian], cause to

stumble. Cf. E.Ir. [mer], mad, [meracht], mad act, O.Ir.

[meraige], a fool, O.Br. [mergidhaam], I am silly, which Loth

joins to Gr. @G[márgos], mad.

<mearcach>, rash; from the root of [mear].

<mearganta>, brisk, lively, <meargadaich>, be impatient (Suth), Ir.

[mearganta], brisk; from [mear].

<mčarsadh>, marching; see [mŕrsadh].

<mearsuinn>, vigour, strength; cf. [marsainn], abiding, from [mar],

remain.

<meas>, fruit, Ir. [meas], fruit, especially acorns, [measog], acorn, E.Ir.

[mess], fruit, W. [mes], acorns, Cor. [mesen], glans, Br. [mesenn],

acorn: [*messu-], root, [med], [mad], eat (see [manntach]), and, for

force, cf. Eng. [mast], fruit of forest trees, Ag.S. [maest], fruit

of oak or beech, Ger. [mast].

<meas>, judgement, opinion, respect, Ir. [meas], O.Ir. [mess], [*messu-],

root [med]; Lat. [meditari], think, [modus], method; Gr. @G[médomai],

think of; Got. [mitan], measure, Eng. [mete]: further root [mę],

measure, Eng. [metre], [meter], etc.

<measan>, a lapdog, Ir. [measán], E.Ir. [measan], [meschu]:

<measair>, a tub, measure; see [miosar].

<measara>, temperate, modest, Ir. [measarrdha], O.Ir. [mesurda]:

[mensura] (Stokes). But it may be from [meas], judgment.

<measg>, <am measg>, among, Ir. [measg], [a measg], among, W. [ym mysg],

M.Br. [e mesg]: [*med-sko-], root [med], [medh], as in [meadhon],

middle.

<measg>, <measgach>, mix, Ir. [measgaim], E.Ir. [mescaim], W. [mysgu]:

[*miskô], [*mig-skô], root, [mig], [mik]; Gr. [mígnomi], [mísgw]; Lat.

[misceo]; Eng. [mix], Ger. [mischen]; Lit. [maiszýti]; Skr. [miksh].

<measgan>, a dish to hold butter, Ir. [míosgan]; see [miosgan]. But

cf. E.Ir. [mescan], a lump of butter, M.Ir. [mesgan], masa;

from [measg], mix?

<meat>, <meata>, feeble, soft, cowardly, Ir. [meata], E.Ir. [meta], cowardly:

[*mit-tavo-]; see [meath]. W. has [meth], failure. [*mettaios] (St.)

--page 247

<meath>, fail, fade, become weak, dishearted, Ir. [meathaim], fail,

droop, soften, E.Ir. [meth], failure, decay: [*mitô], root [mit], the

short form of root [meit], [moit] (see [maoth]).

<meidh>, a balance, Ir. [meadh], O.Ir. [med], d. [meid], W. [medd], centre

of motion: [*medâ], root [med], mete; Lat. [modius], a peck:

Gr. @G[médimnos], a measure (6 [modii]); Eng. [mete]. See [meas]

further. Hence <meidhis>, a measure, instalment (Arg., M`A.).

<meidhinnean>, <mčigean>, hip-joints:

<meigead>, the bleating of a goat or kid, Ir. [meigiodaigh]; Gr.

@G[mckáomai], bleat, @G[mc/kas], she-goat, "bleater"; Ger. [meckern],

bleat; Skr. [makakas], bleating; root [męk], [mek], [mak], an

onomatopoetic syllable.

<mčil>, bleat, Ir. [méidhlighim], M.Ir. [meglim], I bleat, [megill], bleating;

Ger. [meckern]: see [meigead]. G. is for [*megli-] or [*mekli].

<meil>, <beil>, grind, Ir. [meilim], O.Ir. [melim], W. [malu], Br. [malaff]:

[*melô]; Lat. [molo]; Gr. @G[múllw]; O.H.G. [malan], grin, Eng.

[meal], [mill]; Lit. [málti], molo. Hence <meildreach>, <meiltir>, a

quantity of corn sent to grind, <meiltear>, miller.

<meilcheart>, chilblain (Arg.), Ir. [miolcheárd] (Kerry), [miolchartach],

[miolcartán], [milchearta] (Tirconnell); root in [meilich].

<meile>, the thick stick by which the quern is turned, a quern, Ir.

[meile], hand-mill: "grinder"; from [meil]?

<meilearach>, long sea-side grass; from Norse [melr], bent.

<meilich>, become chill with cold, be benumbed; from the root [mel],

crush, grind. See [meil].

<meilgeag>, sea-pod, husk of peas, etc.:

<meill>, the cheek, Ir. [meill]; G. <méill>, blubber-lip (M`L., M`E.),

<méilleach>, <beilleach>, blubber-lipped (<meilleach>, H.S.D.);

see [béilleach].

<méilleag>, <beilleag>, outer rind of bark:

<mčin>, <mčinn>, ore, mine, Ir. [méin], [mianach], E.Ir. [míanach], W.

[mwyn]: [*meini-], [meinni-], root [mei], [smei], [smi]; O.Sl. [mędi],

aes; O.H.G. [smîda], metal, Eng. [smith] (Schräder).

<mčin>, <meinn>, disposition, Ir. [méin], M.Ir. [mčin], mind, disposition:

"metal, mettle"; seemingly a metaphoric use of the foregoing

word. A root [mein], mind, mean, appears to exist in

Eng. [mean], Ger. [meinen]; cf. W. [myn], mind. Thurneysen

compares Eng. [mien].

<mčineil>, flexible, sappy, substantial; from [méin], ore: "gritty"?

<meirbh>, spiritless, delicate, so Ir., E.Ir. [meirb], W. [merw]: [*mervi-];

O.H.G. [maro], soft, mellow, Ger. [mürbe], Ag.S. [mearo], Norse

[merja], crush; Gr. @G[maraínw], destroy, @G[márnamai], fight; Lat.

[martus], hammer, "crusher"; etc. See [marbh] from the same

root ultimately ({mer], [mar]). Hence <merbh>, digest.

--page 248

<meirean nam magh>, agrimony, Ir. [meirín na magh] (O'B., [méirín]

(Con.):

<meirg>, rust, Ir. [meirg], O.Ir. [meirg], [meirc], Br. [mergl]: [*mergi-],

"red, dark"; Eng. [murk], Ag.S. [mirce], Norse [myrkr] (cf. G.

[dearg] and Eng. [dark]). Ernault compares Gr. @G[márgos], senseless;

and it has been joined to O.W. [mergid], debilitas, O.Br.

[mergidhehan], evanesco, root [mar], [mer], fade, die.

<meirghe>, a banner, Ir. [meirge], E.Ir. [mergge]; from the Norse

[merki], a banner, mark, Eng. [mark] (Zimmer).

<meirle>, theft, <meirleach>, thief, Ir. [meirleach], E.Ir. [merle], theft,

[merlech], thief; root [mer], [mra] (as in [bradach]); see [mearachd].

Stokes compares Gr. @G[a@'meírw], deprive; but this is likely

[n@.-@G[merjw]], privative [n@.] or [a] and root [mer] (@G[méros], share).

<meirneal>, a kind of hawk; from the Eng. [merlin].

<meiteal>, metal, Ir. [miotal]; from the Eng. [metal], Lat. [metallum].

<mčith>, fat, sappy, Ir. [méith], [méath], O.Ir. [méth], W. [mwydo], soften:

[*meito-]; the [e] grade of the root seen in [*moiti-] (in [maoth],

q.v.), the root being [mit], [meit], [moit] ([meath], [mčith], [maoth]).

<meňg>, whey; better than [mčag].

<meňraich>, meditate, remember, Ir. [méamhruighim], M.Ir. [mebrugud],

rehearsing, remembering; from Lat. [memoria]. See

<meamhair>, also spelt <meomhair>, with the verb <meomhairich>

= <meňraich>.

<meuchd>, mixture (Dial.): [*meik-tu], root [meik], [mik], as in [measg].

<meud>, <miad>, size, Ir. [méid], [méad], W. [maint], Cor. [myns], Br. [meńt]:

[*mn@.ti-], [ment], "measure", a nasalised form of the root [met],

measure, Lat. [mensus], having measured, [me@-tior] (vb.), Gr.

@G{métron], measure; etc. Bez. queries its alliance only with

Norse [munr], importance. Usually referred to the root [mag],

[meg] ([*maganti-]), great, or to that of [minig], q.v.

<meur>, <miar>, a finger, Ir. [meur], O.Ir. [mér]. Strachan suggests the

stem [*makro-], root [mak], great, mighty, Gr. @G{makrós], long,

Lat. [macer], lean, [macte], good luck, Zend. [maç], great. Brugmann

has compared it to Gr. @G[mókrwna] (Hes.), sharp (Lat.

[mucro]).

<mhŕin>, <a mhŕin>, only, Ir. [amháin], E.Ir. [amáin]. It has been

divided into a prefix and root form: [a-máin], the latter being

parallel to Dor. Gr. @G[mw@nnos], Gr. @G[mónos], alone. Cf. O.Ir. [nammá],

tantum, "ut non sit magis" ([na-n-má], Zeuss).

<mi>, I, Ir., O.Ir. [mé], W. [mi], Cor. [my], [me], Br. [me]: [*mę], [*me]; Lat.

[mę]; Gr. @G[me]; Eng. [me]; Skr. [mâ].

<mi->, un-, mis-, Ir., O.Ir. [mí-], root [mî], [mei], [mi], lessen; Gr. @G[meíwn],

less; Lat. [minus], less; Eng. [mis-], Got. [missa-] ([*miţto-]). See

[maoth], [měn]. Stokes makes [mí-] a comparative like @G[meíwn],

and rejects the Teutonic words.

--page 249

<miadan>, <miadar>, <miad>, a meadow, mead; from the Eng. [meadow].

<miadh>, respect, esteem, so Ir., O.ir. [míad], fastus, dignity, O.Br.

[muoet], fastu: [*meido-], fame: O.H.G. [kameit], iactans,

stolidus, M.H.G. [gemeit], bold, O.Sax. [gemęd], haughty (Bez.);

allied to Eng. [meed], Gr. @G[misqós], pay, Lat. [miles], soldier. Cf.

Gr. @G[timc/], fame, price.

<mial>, louse, animal, Ir. [míol], animal, whale, louse, E.Ir. [míl], W.

[mil], beast, Cor., Br. [mil]: [*męlo-n], animal: Gr. [mc@nlon], sheep;

Norse [smali], sheep, Eng. [small]. Hence G. <mial-chu>, greyhound,

W. [milgi], Cor. [mylgy].

<mialladh>, bad-fortune (N.H.):

<mialta>, pleasant (H.S.D.), O.Ir. [meld], [melltach], pleasant; Eng.

[mild]; G. @G[malqakós], soft. See [malda].

<miamhail>, mewing (of cat), Ir. [miamhaoil]; Eng. [mewl], from

O.Fr., Fr. [miauler]: an onomatopoetic word.

<miann>, desire, Ir. [mian], O.Ir. [mían]: [*meino-]; Eng. [mean], Ger.

[meinen], to mean; O.Slov [me@?nja@?] (do.). Cf W. [myn], desire,

Br. [menna], to wish, which may be from the short form [min]

beside [mein]. (Otherwise Loth in [Voc. Vieux-Br.], 145).

<mias>, a dish, Ir. [mías], a dish, mess, platter, E.Ir. [mias]; from

L.Lat. [męsa], mensa, a table, whence Ag.S. [mýse], table, Got.

[mes], table, dish.

<mil>, honey, Ir. [mil], O.Ir. [mil], g. [mela], W. [męl], Cor., Br. [mil]:

[*meli-]; Lat. [mel]; Gr. @G[méli]; Got. [miliţ]; Arm. [me@G[l]r].

<milc>, <meirc>, sweet, sweetness (Carm.):

<milcean>, solid warm white whey (Carm.):

<měle>, a thousand, a mile, Ir. [míle], O.Ir. [míle], a thousand, W.,

Br. [mil], Cor. [myl], [myll]; Lat. [mîle] (whence Eng. [mile]), [mille].

The Celtic words are borrowed doubtless.

<mileag>, a melon; from the Eng.

<mileart>, honey dew (N.H.):

<mělidh>, a champion, Ir. [mileadh], [mílidh] (O'B.), E.Ir. [mílid]; from

Lat. [miles], [militis], soldier.

<milis>, sweet, Ir., O.Ir. [milis], W. [melys]: [*melissi-]; from [mil].

<mill>, destroy, Ir., O.Ir. [millim]: [*mel-ni-], root [mele], fail, miss;

Lit. [mělyti], fail; Gr. @G[méleos], useless, wretched, @G[a@'mblískw],

cause, miscarriage. the root of Eng. [melt] ([*meld], Gr.

@G[a@'maldúnw], destroy) has been suggested, the [mel] of which is

the same as above. It may be root [mel], crush, mill.

<millteach>, mountain grass, good grass; Norse [melr], bent grass.

<min>, meal, Ir. [min], g. [mine], O.Ir. [men]: [*miná], root [min], lessen.

Strachan suggests two derivations; either allied to (1) Lit.

[měnti], tread, Ch.Slav. [me@?ti], crush, Gr. @G[matéw], tread on, from

root [men], tread, or from (2) [*mecsn], root [meq], [menq], grind,

--page 250

Ch.Slav. [ma@?ka], meal, Gr. @G[mássw], knead. But [mexn-] would

give G. [menn].

<měn>, soft, delicate, Ir., E.Ir. [mín], W. [mwyn], gentle, Cor. [muin],

gracilis, Br. [moan], fine: [*mîno-], [meino-], root [mei], lessen; Gr.

@G[meíwn], less, @G[minúqw], lessen; Lat. [minor], less, [minister]. Hence

<měnich>, explain. Stokes has apparently two derivations for

[měn] - the one above and [*męno-], allied to Gr. @G[manós] ([a] long),

thin.

<minidh>, an awl, Ir. [meanadh], E.Ir. [menad], W. [mynawyd], Br.

[minaoued], M.Br. [menauet]: [*minaveto-]; Gr. @G[sminúc], mattock,

@G{smílc] ([i] long), chiesel.

<minicionn>, mid's skin; from [meann] and [*cionn] (see [boicionn]).

<minig>, <minic>, often, Ir. [minic], O.Ir. [menicc], W. [mynych], Cor.

[menough]: [*menekki-s]; Got. [manags], many, Ger. [manach], Eng.

[many].

<minis>, degree, portion (M`A.), root of [mion].

<ministear>, a minister, Ir. [mínistir]; from Lat. [minister], servant,

whence Eng. [minister].

<miobhadh>, ill-usage, as by weather; from [mi-bhŕidh].

<měobhail>, unmannerly (Arg.); [mi]+[modhail].

<miodal>, flattery, Ir. [miodal]:

<miodhoir>, a churl, niggard one; see [miůghair].

<měog>, <miog>, (H.S.D.), a smile, sly look, Ir. [míog]: [*smincu-], root

[smi], smile, Eng. [smile], Gr. @G[meidáw], Skr. [smayate], laughs.

<miolaran>, low barking or whining of a fawning dog: see next

word.>>

<miolasg>, flattery, fawning (as a dog), keen desire; from the root

[smi], smile? See [míog].

<mion>, small, so Ir.; root [min], Lat. [minor], etc. Also [mean],

[meanbh], q.v.

<mionach], bowels, so Ir., E.Ir. [menach]; cf. W. [monoch].

<mionaid>, a minute, Ir. [minuit] (dat.); from the Eng.

<mionn>, an oath, Ir. [mionn], g. [mionna], E.Ir. [mind], oath, diadem;

the [mind] was the "swearing reliques" of a saint, O.Ir. [mind],

a diadem, insignia, O.W. [minn], sertum: [*menni-]; cf.

O.H.G. [menni], neck ornament, Ag.S. [mene], neck chain, Lat.

[monile]. See [muineal] further. Stokes gives the stem as

[*mindi-], but no etymology. Windisch (Rev.Celt.@+[5]) equates

[minn] with Lat. [mundus], ornament, world.

<miontan>, a titmouse, Ir. [miontán]; from [mion], small, [*minu-], Lat.

[minor], etc., as under [mín].

<měorbhuil>, a miracle, Ir. [míorbhuil], E.Ir. [mírbail]; from Lat.

[mi@-rabile], Eng. [marvel].

<miortal>, myrtal, Ir. [miortal] (Fol.); from the English. W. has

[myrtwydd], myrtle trees.

--page 251

<měos>, a month, Ir. [mí], [míos], g. [míosa], O.Ir. [mí], g. [mís], W. [mis],

Cor. [mis], Br. [mis], [miz]: [*męns], g. [*mensos]; Lat. [mensis]; Gr.

@G[mén]: Skr. [mâs]; further Eng. [month].

<mios>, <miosa>, worse, Ir. [measa], O.Ir. [messa]: [*missôs]; Got.

O.H.G. [missa-], mis-, Eng. [mis-], [miss]. See [mi-].

<měosach>, fairy flax, purging flax, Ir. [míosach]: "monthly"; from

[měos], "from a medicinal virtue it was supposed to possess"

(Cameron).

<miosar>, a measure (as of meal), Ir. [miosúr], E.Ir. [messar], phiala,

O.Ir. [mesar], modus, W. [mesur]; from the Lat. [mensura], Eng.

[measure].

<miosgan>, butter kit, Ir. [míosgán]; from [mias], a dish.

<miosguinn>, envy, malice, Ir. [mioscuis] ([míoscuis], Con.), E.Ir. [miscen],

hate, O.Ir. [miscuis]; Gr. @G[mi@nsos] (= [mi@-tos]); Lat. [miser],

wretched (= [mit-s-ro-s]); root [mit], [mi].

<miotag>, a mitten, Ir. [miotóg], [mitín], mittens; from Eng. [mitten],

O.Fr. [mitaine].

<měr>, a bit, piece, Ir., O.Ir. [mír], pl. [mírenn]: [*męsren], piece of

flesh; Skr. [mâmsá], flesh; Got. [mimz] (do.); Lit. [me@?sŕ], flesh

(Stokes, Thur., Brug.). Allied also is Lat. [membrum], member;

I.E. [męmso-m], flesh.

<mircean>, kind of sea-weed; cf. N. [máru-kjarni], fucus vesiculosus

(Lewis).

<mire>, pastime, Ir. [mire], sport, madness, M.Ir. [mire], madness; see

[mear].

<mirr>, myrrh, Ir. [miorr], E.Ir. [mirr], W. [myr]; from Lat. [myrrha],

Eng. [myrrh].

<měs>, <měseach>, <maoilseach>, goat, doe (Carm.) = [maoisleach].

<misd>, the worse for, Ir. [misde], [meisde], M.Ir. [meste], E.Ir. [mesai-die]

= [messa-de], "worse of"; from [mios] and [de], of.

<misg>, drunkenness, Ir. [meisge], [misge], E.Ir. [mesce], O.Ir. [mescc],

drunk: [*mesko-], [*meskjâ], from [*med-sko-], also E.Ir. [mid], g.

[meda], mead, W. [medd], hydromel, O.Cor. [med], sicera, Br. [mez],

hydromel: [*medu-]; Gr. @G[méqu], wine; Eng. [mead]; Ch.Slav.

[medu@u], honey, wine; Skr. [mádhu], sweet, sweet drink, honey.

<misimean-dearg>, bog-mint, Ir. [misimín dearg]:

<měslean>, a mountain grass, sweet meadow grass (Cameron); for

[milsean], from [milis], sweet; cf. Ir. [milsean mara], a sort of

sea-weed; [měsleach], sweetness (Hend.).

<misneach>, <misneachd>, courage, Ir. [meisneach], M.Ir. [mesnech]:

[*med-s-], root [med] of [meas]: "think, hope".

<mistear>, a cunning, designing person; from [misd].

<mith>, an obscure or humble person; from the root [mi], [mei] as in

[mi-], [miosa].

--page 252

<mithear>, weak, crazy, Ir. [mithfir], weak; see [mith].

<mithich>, proper time, tempestivus, Ir. [mithid], O.Ir. [mithich],

tempestivus: [*meti-], Lat. [ma@-turus], Eng. [mature].

<mithlean>, sport, playfulness:

<miůghair>, niggardly; from [mi] and [fiů] or [fiů-mhor]? cf. [miodhoir].

<mo>, my, O.Ir. [mo], [mu], W. [fy], M.W. [my] (from [myn]), Corn., Br.

[ma] (which aspirates): [*mou], [*movo]: formed on the analogy

of [do], [du], from the pronomial root [me] (see [mi]). W. [myn] or

[my n-] is allied to Zend. [mana], Lit. [manč] (for [me-né]), Ch.Sl. [mene].

<mň>, greater, Ir. [mó], O.Ir. [móa], [máo], [máa], [móo], [mó], W. [mwy],

O.W. [mui], Corn. [moy], Br. [mui]: [*mâjôs]; Lat. [mâjor], greater

(Eng. [major]); Got. [mais], more (adv.), [maiza], greater, Eng.

[more]: root [mâ] of [mór], q.v.

<mobainn>, maltreating, handling roughly; see [moibean].

<moch>, early, Ir. [moch], early, O.Ir. [moch], mane: [*moq-]; also O.Ir.

[mos], soon, W. [moch], early, ready, Corn. [meugh]: [*moqsu];

Lat. [mox], soon; Zend. [moshu], Skr. [mokshú], soon: also Gr.

@G[máy], idly, rashly. See [mus]. Hence <mocheirigh>, early rising,

<mochthrath>, early morning, M.Ir. [mochthrath], O.Ir. [mochtratae],

matutinus.

<mochd>, move, yield (Oss. Ballads); cf. M.Ir. [mocht], gentle, weak,

W. [mwytho], soften, pamper, Eng. [meek], Norse [mjukr], soft,

meek.

<mňd>, a court, trial, meeting; from the Norse [mót], meeting, town-meeting,

court of law, Ag.S. [mót], [gemót], Eng. [moot], [meet].

<modh>, manner, Ir. [modh], O.Ir. [mod], W. [modd]; from Lat. [modus].

Hence <modh>, respect, E.Ir. [mod]; cf. Eng. [manners] for sense.

<modhan>, the sound of a bagpipe or other musical instrument

(H.S.D., also <moghun>):

<mňdhar>, soft, gentle (<modhar>, M`A.); from [modh].

<mňg>, clumsy hand or foot; see [mŕg], [smňg].

<mogach>, shaggy, hairy:

<mogan>, a footless stocking; from the Sc. [moggan], [moggans].

<mogan>, spirits from oats (Uist):

<mogul>, a husk, mesh (of a net), Ir. [mogal], cluster, mesh of a net,

husk, apple of the eye, E.Ir. [mocoll] (do.), O.Ir. [mocul], subtel:

[*mozgu-], I.E. [mozgho], knot, mesh; Lit. [mázgas], knot, mesh;

O.H.G. [mascâ], Ger. [masche], Eng. [mesh]; Gr. @G[móshos], sprout,

calf. Lat. [macula], a mush, is not allied. Dialect G.

<mugairle>, bunch of nuts (Glenmoriston).

<mogur>, bulky, clumsy:

<moibean>, <moibeal>, a mop, broom, Ir. [moipal]; from Eng. [mop].

--page 253

<moiblead>, a gnawing, half-chewing: "making a mop of"; from

above.>>

<móid>, a vow, Ir. [móid], M.Ir. [móit], E.Ir. [moit] (Corm.): [*monti-],

W. [gofuno], to vow, O.Br. [guomonian], polliceri], which Bugge

and Stokes connect with W. [mun], hand (cf. Ag.S. [mund],

Lat. [manus]). But see [bóid]. Stokes now says [votum].

<mňid>, the greater, Ir. [móide], more, M.Ir. [móti]: [*mň]+[de]. Cf.

[misd].

<moighre>, robust, handsome:

<moil>, matted hair; see [molach] ([*ml@.-]).

<moilean>, a fat, plump child, a lump; cf. Ir. [moil], [molan], a heap.

To this Lat. [môles] may be compared.

<mňin>, <mňine>, peat, moss, Ir. [móin], g. [móna], E.Ir. [móin], pl. [móinte],

W. [mawn], peat, turf: [*mân-]; Lat. [mâno], flow, Eng. [emanate].

Strachan takes it from [*mokni-], root [mok], [mak], Ch.Sl.