Федоров М.П. и др. Информационно-компьютерные технологии в строительстве. Применение программы SCAD для расчета сооружений на динамические воздействия
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
140
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɤɪɭɝɨɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ
f
S
Z
2(ɪɚɞ/ɫ=1/ɫ),
ɰɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ
f (1/ɫ=Ƚɰ) ɢ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɚ T (ɫ).
ȼ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ (ɋɎɄ)
ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɫɫ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɩɨ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɢɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɟɣ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɋɎɄ
ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨ ɪɚɜɧɵɦ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟ.
ȼ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ
ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɬɨɱɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɨɫɢ Z ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɞɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɚ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ
ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɨɣ, ɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟ.
ȼ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɨɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɞɜɟ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ
S
S
ccc
ɢ
ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ
S
, ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɧɚ ɦɚɫɫɭ ɜ ɭɡɥɟ 2 ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɯ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɫɢɧɭɫɭ ɢ ɩɨ ɤɨɫɢɧɭɫɭ (ɫɦ. ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥ
1.4 ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ ɜ [4]). ɉɨɥɧɚɹ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ
o
S ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ
S
ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (1.112):
88.0)15.0()87.0(
22
o
S ɬɫ.
Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ (ɫɦ. ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥ 1.4 ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ ɜ [4]), ɢɡ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ ɞɥɹ
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ 3 ɫ ɢɦɟɧɟɦ «ɝɚɪɦ-1» ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ ɞɜɟ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɟ
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɭɡɥɚ 2 ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 4), ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ
S
S
ccc
ɢ :
ȿɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɢɡɦɟpɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɩɟpɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ: ɦɦ
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ɉȿɊȿɆȿɓȿɇɂə ɍɁɅɈȼ |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 2 3 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 - ( ɫɜ-ɛ) |
| Z -1.452 |
| 2 - ( ɫɜ-ɞ) |
| Z -.7262 |
| 3 - 1 ( ɝɚɪɦ-1) |
| Z -.4238 |
| 3 - 2 |
| Z .0825 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ⱥɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɭɡɥɚ 2 ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɫɹ
ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (ɫɦ. ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ (1.98) ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ ɜ [4]):
ɦɦ42.0082.0)424.0(
222
2
2
1ɪ
# ZZZ
.
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɠɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɫɹ ɞɚɥɟɟ ɩɪɢ ɪɭɱɧɨɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ
(
o
AZ
ɪ
).
ɂɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɢɟ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɵ, ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɭɡɥɟ 2 ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɆɄɗ
(ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 8) ɨɬ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ (ɪɢɫ. 8, ɚ, ɛ) ɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ (ɪɢɫ. 8, ɜ, ɝ, ɞ)
ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɛɚɥɤɢ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ:
141
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ɍɋɂɅɂə /ɇȺɉɊəɀȿɇɂə/ ȼ ɗɅȿɆȿɇɌȺɏ, ɬɫ |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 2_ 1-1 1-2 2-1 2-2 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 - ( ɫɜ-ɛ) |
| M 4.8 4.8 |
| 2 - ( ɫɜ-ɞ) |
| M 3. 3. |
| 3 - 1 ( ɝɚɪɦ-1) |
| M 1.75 1.75 |
| 3 - 2 |
| M -.34 -.34 |
| 3 - S1 |
| M 1.78 1.78 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3-S1 - ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɤɨɦɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɜ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ 3(ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ
(ɫɦ.
ɮɨɪɦɭɥɭ (1.113) ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ ɜ [4]
):
222
22
2
21ɪ2
)34.0(75.1 MMM = 1.78 ɬɫ·ɦ
1.2. Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɉɄ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ
ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦɭɥ ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ
1. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɭɸ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ
ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ
(ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 2, ɛ) ɩɨ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (1.14) ɱɚɫɬɢ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ [4].
ȼɵɪɚɡɢɜ, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ƚɭɤɚ, ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɨɞɚɬɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ G ɱɟɪɟɡ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɵɲɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ
)(
ɞɫɬ
Gu ɛɚɥɤɢ ɨɬ ɜɟɫɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ G
ɞ
(
)/)(
ɞɞɫɬ
GGu G
ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ:
)(
g1
ɞɫɬ
ɞ
222
Gu
G
GG
g
m
G
G
Z
=
0007262.0
5.1
9.3
81.9
= 72.08 1/ɫ.
Ɂɞɟɫɶ ɬ9.35.14.2
ɞ2ɛ2
GGG – ɜɟɫ ɬɨɱɟɱɧɨɣ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɜ ɭɡɥɟ 2
(ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 1,
ɛ).
2. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɦ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ E ɞɥɹ ɞɜɭɯ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ
ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɨɛ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɯ ɛɚɥɤɢ.
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ 1 (
0
ɧ
J
):
1.2
)08.72/33.52(1
1
)/(1
1
22
ZT
E .
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬ2 (
0
ɧ
z
J
):
09.2
)
08.72
33.52
()09.0())08.72/33.52(1(
1
)1(
1
2222
2
2
2
ɧ
2
2
2
Z
T
J
Z
T
E
.
142
Ɋɢɫ. 8
4.8 ɬɫ·ɦ
0,6 ɬɫ/ɦ
ɚ)
– 1,4 ɦɦ
3,00 ɬɫ·ɦ
)ɛ
1,5 ɬɫ
– 0,7 ɦɦ
1,75 ɬɫ·ɦ
ɜ)
0,87 ɬɫ
– 0,42 ɦɦ
0,34 ɬɫ·ɦ
ɝ)
0,17 ɬɫ
0,08 ɦɦ
1,78 ɬɫ·ɦ
ɞ)
– 0,43 ɦɦ
0,43 ɦɦ
1,78 ɬɫ·ɦ
143
Ʉɚɤ ɜɢɞɢɦ, ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ɧɟɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ. ɗɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɦɚɥɨɣ ɦɚɫɫɨɣ m
p
ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɢ ɦɚɥɵɦ
ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ
ZT
/
ɤɪɭɝɨɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ T ɟɝɨ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ Z
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. Ɇɚɥɨɦɭ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ
Z
T
/
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɢ ɦɚɥɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ
ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ
11.2 E
.
3. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɦ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɵ ɢɫɤɨɦɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ.
3.1. Ⱥɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ )()(
ɫɬ
EG E
oo
PuA :
ɦɦ4.0ɦ0004.0)11.20005.042.0(
o
A
.
ȼɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ G ɨɬ ɟɞɢɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ, ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɟ
ɞɥɢɧɵ ɛɚɥɤɢ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɚ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ Ƚɭɤɚ ɩɟɪɟɫɱɟɬɨɦ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɢɛɭ
)(
ɞɫɬ
Gu
, ɩɨɞɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɜɵɲɟ ɨɬ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫɢɥɵ ɜɟɫɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
ɬɫ5.1
ɞ
G
.
3.2. Ⱥɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ (ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ ɢ ɫɢɥɵ ɢɧɟɪɰɢɢ) ɞɥɹ
ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ 1 (
0
ɧ
J
): 89.011.242.0 E
oo
PS ɬɫ.
3.2. Ⱥɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ
ɠɟ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ :
ɦɬɫ77.111.2)4/842.0()4/(
ɛɫɬɞ
E E lPMM
o
4. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɤɨɦɵɯ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ
ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɡɧɚɤɨɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞ,
ɨɬɧɨɫɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɤ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ (1- ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɡɧɚɤɭ +) ɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ
(2- ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɡɧɚɤɭ –) ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɦ ɛɚɥɤɢ
:
¯
®
r r
ɦɦ1.7
ɦɦ5.2
4.01.2)()(
ɞɛɫɬ2,1 o
AGquu .
`
ɦɬɫ
03.6
57.9
77.18.7)()(
ɫɬɞɛɫɬ2,1
r Er MGqMM .
ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɛɚɥɤɟ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨ (ɫ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɨɦ TS /2
o
T ) ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ
ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɨɝɢɛ ɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɢɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ
ɢɡɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɡɧɚɤ, ɬ. ɟ. ɪɚɫɬɹɧɭɬɵɦɢ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɬɨ ɧɢɠɧɹɹ (ɡɧɚɤ +), ɬɨ
ɜɟɪɯɧɹɹ (ɡɧɚɤ í ), ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɛɚɥɤɢ.
Ɍɚɤɨɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɜɧɟ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɧɨɣ ɡɨɧɵ, ɱɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ
ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɧɚ ɢɫɤɨɦɵɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.
Ʉɚɤ ɜɢɞɢɦ, ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ ɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ SCAD
ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɬ.
ɗɩɸɪɵ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɢɯ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹɯ 1, 2, 3
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 8, ɚ, -ɝ.
144
ȼ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɦ (ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ) ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɟ ɷɩɸɪɵ
(ɪɢɫ. 8, ɜ, ɝ). Ɉɧɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɨɠɟɧɢɸ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɩɪɢ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɯ ɧɚ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɫɢɧɭɫɭ ɢ ɩɨ
ɤɨɫɢɧɭɫɭ. ɇɚ ɪɢɫ. 8, ɞ ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɚ ɷɩɸɪɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɢɯ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɪɢ
ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ 3, ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ
ɫ. 141 ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ ɞɥɹ
ɪ2
M .
ɋɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɢɛɚ ɢ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ
ɛɚɥɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɟɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɯ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɆɄɗ ɧɚ ɉɄ ɫ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ SCAD ɬɚɤɢɦ ɠɟ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜɨɡɦɭɳɚɸɳɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɫɨɜɩɚɥɚ ɫ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ
ɱɚɫɬɨɬɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ (1
/
ZT ), ɬɨ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ, ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ
ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɚ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɟ
ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢɫɶ ɛɵ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɪɚɜɧɵɦɢ:
.1109.0/1/1
ɧ
J
E 1.
ɦɦ3.2ɦ0023.0)1.110005.042.0(
o
A .
ɦɬɫ33.91.11)4/842.0()4/(
ɛɫɬɞ
E E lPMM
o
Ɍɨɝɞɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɝɢɛɚ ɢ
ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥɢɫɶ ɛɵ ɪɚɜɧɵɦɢ:
¯
®
r r
ɦɦ0.2
ɦɦ5.4
)3.2(1.2)()(
ɞɛɫɬ2,1 o
AGquu
.
¯
®
r Er
ɦɬɫ53.1
ɦɬɫ13.17
33.98.7)()(
ɫɬɞɛɫɬ2,1
MGqMM .
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɜɢɞ ɷɩɸɪ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɢɯ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɜ ɛɚɥɤɟ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɯ ɫ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɦ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ
.1109.0/1/1
ɧ
J
E
1 ɫ
ɩɨɞɫɱɢɬɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɦɢ ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɚɦɢ ɜ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ
ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɬɨɧɤɢɦɢ ɩɭɧɤɬɢɪɧɵɦɢ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 8. ɟ.
Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɢ ɤ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɸ ɜɪɭɱɧɭɸ
ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɯ ɷɩɸɪ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɢɯ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 8,ɟ.
ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɟ ɷɩɸɪɵ Ɇ ɧɚ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ Ʉɗ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɟɧɧɨ
ɫɬɪɨɹɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ ɷɬɢɯ ɷɩɸɪ ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟ, ɤɨɧɰɟ ɢ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɢɧɟ ɫɬɟɪɠɧɟɜɵɯ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɯ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɬɢɩɚ 2 (SCAD). Ɉɪɞɢɧɚɬɚ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ:
Ɇ = Ɇ (ɥ.ɨ.ɦ.)+ Ɇ (q
ɛ
).
ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɷɩɸɪɚɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɚ Ɇ (ɥ.ɨ.ɦ.), ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɪɚɜɧɚ
ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɟ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ ɜ ɭɡɥɟ 2 (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 8, ɟ). Ɉɪɞɢɧɚɬɚ Ɇ (q
ɛ
)
ɛɭɞɟɬ, ɤɚɤ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ [1, 2], ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɪɚɜɧɨɣ ɜ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ
8/
2
ɤɷ
ql
=
0,6·(4)
2
/8 =1,2 ɬɫ·ɦ.
145
Ɇɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɩɪɨɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɣ ɷɩɸɪɵ ɨɬ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɤ (ɪɢɫ. 9).
Ɋɢɫ. 9
Ɂɞɟɫɶ Ɇ(G
ɛ
+q
ɛ
) = Ɇ (ɥ.ɨ.ɦ.)+ Ɇ (q
ɛ
).= 0,5·7,8 + 0,6·(4)
2
/8 = 3,9+1,2= 5,1 ɬɫ·ɦ.
2. ɉɊɂɆȿɊ ȼɕɉɈɅɇȿɇɂə ɁȺȾȺɇɂə ɉɊɂ ɂɋɉɈɅɖɁɈȼȺɇɂɂ ȾɅə
ȾɂɇȺɆɂɑȿɋɄɈȽɈ ɊȺɋɑȿɌȺ ȻȺɅɄɂ ɋɂɋɌȿɆɕ ɋ ɇȿɋɄɈɅɖɄɂɆɂ
ɋɌȿɉȿɇəɆɂ ɋȼɈȻɈȾɕ
2.1. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɧɚ ɉɄ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ SCAD
ȼ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ 1 ɨɬɱɟɬɚ ɩɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ 1 ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɨ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɨ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɝɢɛɚ ɢ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɝɢɛɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɜ
ɠɟɥɟɡɨɛɟɬɨɧɧɨɣ ɛɚɥɤɟ ɫ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɟɦ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɨ ɟɟ ɞɥɢɧɟ ɩɪɢ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ.
ɋɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɚɹ ɫɯɟɦɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɚ
ɪɚɡɛɢɟɧɢɚɦ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɩɨ ɟɟ ɞɥɢɧɟ ɧɚ ɞɜɚ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɪɠɧɟɜɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɬɢɩɚ 2 (ɩɨ
ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ SCAD).
Ɋɚɫɱɟɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɥɫɹ ɨɬ ɞɜɭɯ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ (ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ 1 ɫ
ɢɦɟɧɟɦ «ɫɜ-ɛ» ɨɬ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɫɚ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ 2 ɫ ɢɦɟɧɟɦ «ɫɜ-ɞ» ɨɬ
ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɫɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ) ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɬ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ
ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ
tPtP
o
T sin)(
(ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ 3 ɫ ɢɦɟɧɟɦ
«ɝɚɪɦ-1») ɩɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ.
Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ
ɆɄɗ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɛɚɥɤɚ ɩɨ ɞɥɢɧɟ ɩɪɨɥɟɬɚ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɪɚɜɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɯ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɬɢɩɚ 2 (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 1.2). ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɢ ɭɡɥɚ 3
ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ
tPtP
o
T sin)(
ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɭɸ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɜ
ɜɢɞɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɬɪɟɦɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɹɦɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ
ɜɢɞɟ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɦ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 10.
ɋɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɞɢɦ ɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ 1 ɢ 2 ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɬ
ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɫɚ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ.
Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɩɟɪɟɣɞɟɦ ɤ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɸ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɨɛ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟɦ
7.8 ɬɫ·ɦ
0,6 ɬɫ/ɦ
1,5 ɬɫ
4 ɦ
2 ɦ 2 ɦ
3.9 ɬɫ·ɦ
3.9 ɬɫ·ɦ
1.2 ɬɫ·ɦ
1.2 ɬɫ·ɦ
5.1 ɬɫ·ɦ
5.1 ɬɫ·ɦ
146
ɪɨɬɨɪɚ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɹ ɫ ɬɟɦɢ ɠɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɩɪɢ
ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ
(ɫɦ. ɪɚɡɞɟɥ 1 ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ).
ɗɬɚɩ 3. ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ 3 «Ƚɚɪɦ-3» ɞɥɹ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ
«Ƚɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ». Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɚɠɦɟɦ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ
ɧɚ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɭ Ɂɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɬɤɪɨɟɦ
ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɭ «ȼɜɨɞ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ» ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ
«ɉɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ» (ɜɢɞ ɨɤɧɚ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ). ɇɚ
ɩɨɥɟ «ȼɢɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ» ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɦ «Ƚɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ» ɢ ɞɟɥɚɟɦ ɡɚɩɢɫɶ
(ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, «ɝɚɪɦ-3») ɧɚ ɫɜɟɬɥɨɦ ɩɨɥɟ «ɂɦɹ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ».
Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɦ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ «Ƚɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ». Ɉɬɤɪɨɟɬɫɹ ɜɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɧɢɰɚ ɨɤɧɚ, ɱɚɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɫ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɧɢɠɟ.
ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵ (ɤɪɨɦɟ
ɱɢɫɥɚ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɋɎɄ) ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ 1 ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ 1.5
ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ.
ɉɨɞɬɜɟɪɞɢɜ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ «ɈɄ», ɡɚɤɪɨɟɦ
ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ ɢ ɧɚ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚ Ɂɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɠɦɟɦ
ɤɧɨɩɤɭ
«ɂɧɟɪɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ». ȼ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɲɟɦɫɹ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɦ
«Ƚɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ». Ɉɬɤɪɨɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɟ ɨɤɧɨ, ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɨɟ
ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɧɢɠɟ.
Ɉɧɨ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɝɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ, ɩɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɭɡɥɟ 3, ɬɟɦɢ ɠɟ
2
ɞ
G
3
2
ɛ
q
2
1
5
2
2
4
Ɋɢɫ. 10
)(tP
147
ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɞɚɧɧɵɦɢ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɟ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ
ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɨɤɧɚ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ «ɈɄ» ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ «ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ»
ɭɡɟɥ 3 (ɷɬɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪɚ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɪɚɧɟɟ).
Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɟɳɟ ɪɚɡ ɧɚɠɦɟɦ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ
«ɂɧɟɪɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ». ȼ
ɨɬɤɪɵɜɲɟɦɫɹ ɫɩɢɫɤɟ ɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɦ «Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɟ ɦɚɫɫ». Ɉɬɤɪɨɟɬɫɹ ɨɤɧɨ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɛɵɥɨ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɜ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɞɥɹ
ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɫɬɟɪɠɧɟɜɵɯ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ
ɬɢɩɚ 2. ȼ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɨɦ ɧɢɠɟ ɩɨɥɟ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɤɧɚ «ɦɚɫɫɵ ɜ
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɯ» ɜɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜɟɫ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɪɚ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ
(
ɬɫ6.0124.05.2
ɛ
q ).
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɨɤɧɚ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ «ɈɄ» ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ
ɫɯɟɦɟ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɭɸ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɟɫɚ, «ɨɬɦɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ» ɧɚ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ
ɫɯɟɦɟ ɆɄɗ ɭɠɟ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ (ɫɦ. ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɜ ɩɨɫɨɛɢɢ [1]).
ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ ɫɯɟɦɭ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɛɚɥɤɢ ɫ ɢɦɟɧɟɦ «ɝɚɪɦ-3» ɜ ɜɢɞɟ,
ɭɠɟ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɜɲɟɦɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ «Ɇɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ»
(ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 11). ȼɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɨɟ ɡɚɝɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɦ.
Ɋɢɫ. 11
Ɋɢɫ. 12
m
4
m
3
5
4
m
2
3
2
1
D0.6
1
D0.6
D0.6
3
2
4
5
D0.6
D1.5
148
ɗɬɚɩ 4. ȼɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ.
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ «Ƚɚɪɦɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ»
ɜɵɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ «Ɉɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ» ɜ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟ «Ⱦɢɧɚɦɢɤɚ»
ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯ ɬɚɛɥɢɰ.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ɊȺɋɉɊȿȾȿɅȿɇɂȿ ȼȿɋɈȼ ɆȺɋɋ, ɬɫ (ɫɦ.ɪɢɫ.12)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 2 3 4 5 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 - ( ɝɚɪɦ-3) |
| Z 1.2 2.7 1.2 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|Ɂɚɝpɭ: N : COȻCTB. : ɑ A C T O T ɕ : ɉEPɂOȾɕ |
| : ɉ/ɉ : :-----------------------------:---------------|
|ɠɟɧɢɟ: : ɁHAɑEHɂə : 1/C : Ƚɐ : C |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 1 .0137914 72.50864 11.54596 .0866103 |
| 2 .0027208 367.5373 58.52505 .0170867 |
| 3 .0015063 663.8773 105.7129 .0094595 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ɎɈɊɆɕ ɄɈɅȿȻȺɇɂɃ, ɦ (ɪɢɫ.13) |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 2 3 4 5 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 - 1 ( ɝɚɪɦ-3) |
| Z .6994 1. .6994 |
| 1 - 2 |
| Z 1. -1. |
| 1 - 3 |
| Z 1. -.6216 1. |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ɋɢɫ. 13
ɂɧɟɪɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɢɥɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɨɣ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ
ɚɦɩɥɢɬɭɞɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ
2,1,
ɢ
kk
SS , ɝɞɟ ɢɧɞɟɤɫ k = 2, 3, 4– ɧɨɦɟɪ ɭɡɥɚ ɜ
ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ (ɪɢɫ. 12), ɚ ɢɧɞɟɤɫɵ 1 ɢ 2 – ɧɨɦɟɪɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɨɜ
ss
ccc
ɢ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɣ (ɩɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɋɎɄ) ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ (ɫɦ. (2.79) ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ ɜ [4]).
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
2-ɹɋɎɄ
1 2 3 4 5
1-ɹɋɎɄ
3-ɹɋɎɄ
149
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| ɂɇȿɊɐɂɈɇɇɕȿ ɇȺȽɊɍɁɄɂ, ɬɫ (ɪɢɫ. 14) |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 2 3 4 5 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 1 - 1 ( ɝɚɪɦ-3-2) |
| Z .0964 .7295 .0964 |
| 1 - 2 |
| Z -.0277 -.1272 -.0277 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ɋɢɫ. 14
1 2 3 4 5
-0,29
-0,42
-0,29
0,0964
0.7295
0,0964
a) ɉɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
u
c
(ɫɦ. 2.78 ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ ɜ [4])
1 2 3 4 5
6,04
9,48
6,12
6,04
7,8
4.46
4.46
5,1
5,1
ɞ
)
Ƚ
ɪ
ɚɧɢɰɵ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɨ
ɪ
ɞɢɧɚɬ ɫ
ɭ
ɦɦɚ
ɪ
ɧɨɣ ɷɩɸ
ɪ
ɵ
M
ɝ) ɗɩɸɪɚ
M
cc
(ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɢɥɚɦ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɚ s
cc
(ɫɦ. 2.79 ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ ɜ [4])
1
4
5
0,18
0,31
0,18
3
2
-0.0277
-0.1272
-0.0277
1
2
3
4
5
0,06
0,06
0,08
ɛ) ɉɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ
u
cc
(ɫɦ. 2.78 ɜ ɱɚɫɢɦ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ ɜ [4])
-0.0277
-0.1272
-0.0277
1 2 3 4 5
0,92 (0.94)
1,65
(
1.68
)
0,92 (0.94)
0,0964
0.7295
0,0964
ɜ) ɗɩɸɪɚ
M
c
(ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɢɥɚɦ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɚ s
c
(ɫɦ. 2.79 ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ ɜ [4])