Colin Mark. The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Гэльско-английский словарь

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.

againn / againne prep pron / emph prep

pron of aig (q.v.) at us

agallachadh, -aidh nm & vn of agallaich

interviewing

agallaich, -achadh v interview

agallaiche, -ean nm interviewer

agallamh, -aimh, -an nm interview, speech,

conversation

agallamhair, -ean nm interviewer

agair, -airt v (also tagair) claim, postulate

□

agair lagh air litigate

□

dh’agair e còir

air an Iarlachd he claimed the right to the

Earldom

□

cha robh e ag agairt tuigse

dhomhainn air a’ chuspair idir in no way

did he claim a deep understanding of the

subject (see idir)

□

thòisich Sasainn ag

agairt còir air rìoghachd Alba England

began to claim a right over the kingdom of

Scotland

agam / agamsa prep pron / emph prep pron

of aig (q.v.) at me etc.

agartas, -ais nm claim, plea, prosecution

□

bha agartas air a cogais she felt remorse

(but see following entry)

agartas-cogais nm remorse

□

bha agartas-

cogais na laighe gu trom air remorse lay

heavily upon him

àgh, àigh nm fortune, happiness, joy, luck,

providence

□

an ainm an àigh in the name

of goodness / fortune / glory etc.

□

thuirt

e gu tric an dèidh sin gum b’e an t-àgh a

chuir an rathad sin e he often stated after-

wards that it was providence that sent him

that way

□

… is e a’ toirt leis teach-

daireachd an àigh… (and he) bringing

tidings of joy

agh, aighe, -ean nf heifer

cheeky! what a cheek (he has)!

□

chan

eil thu gun aghaidh ort! what a cheek

you have!

Further idioms: cuir / thoir aghaidh air

face v

□

bhitheadh aca ri aghaidh

thoirt an uairsin air an fhìrinn gur iad

na daoine a dh’adhbharaich an suid-

heachadh seo they would have to face

(up to) the fact that they are the people

who brought about this situation

□

but

note: cuir (do) aghaidh air set out for,

head for (lit. set (your) face on)

□

chuir

e (a) aghaidh air an Fhraing he set out

for France

□

chuir i a h-aghaidh air an

taigh she headed for the house

□

b’fheudar dhaibh an aghaidh a chur

air a’ bhaile they had to make for the

town

□

an àite an aghaidh a chur gu

tuath instead of (them) going north

□

thoir an aghaidh air face v, confront

thug e an aghaidh orra he confronted

them

aghaidh, an aghaidh prep⫹ gen case

against, versus, in the face of, con-

fronted by, adverse, contra, contrary,

counter, to

□

an aghaidh an t-srutha

against the odds

□

an aghaidh an

ranna

□

contrariwise

□

thèid dualchas

an aghaidh nan creag heritage will out

(proverb)

□

bha e an aghaidh an lagha

it was against the law

□

tha e duilich a

chreidsinn an aghaidh a leithid de fhi-

anais gun robh e … it is difﬁcult to

believe in the face of / when con-

fronted by such evidence that he was

…

□

thuirt e nach robh dad aige an

aghaidh ceistean a fhreagairt he said

(that) he had nothing against answer-

ing questions

□

dè tha agad an

aghaidh an fhir seo? what have you

against this man?

□

an aghaidh nan

nàimhdean a bha gan claoidh against

the enemies who were oppressing

them

□

triùir an aghaidh aoin three to

one

□

but it may also be used with

conjs: an aghaidh na shaoileadh

neach… contrary to what one might

think …

□

and note also: cha robh ﬁos

aca cò an aghaidh a bhitheadh iad a

cathachadh they did not know against

whom they would be ﬁghting

As with all compd preps involving ann,

the prep prons formed from ann are

used when a pers pron follows the prep

in English: nam aghaidh against me

nad aghaidh against you sing na

againn 12

aghaidh, -e, -ean nf 1. face, facade,

facing, front, visage

□

shuath e (a)

aghaidh he wiped his face

□

tha

aghaidh an taighe ris an àirde deas the

house faces south (lit. the front of the

house is towards the south)

□

aghaidh

choimheach mask

□

bha e a’ cosg

aghaidh choimheach he was wearing a

mask

□

aghaidh bhuailidh striking

face (of a hammer etc.)

□

aghaidh

bhlàth warm front (weather)

□

aghaidh

guail coal face

□

aghaidhean laighe

bedding planes (geol.) 2. cheek, impu-

dence, effrontery

□

’s ann ort a tha an

aghaidh you are (very) cheeky

□

nach

ann air a tha an aghaidh! isn’t he

aghaidh against him / it masc na

h-aghaidh against her / it fem nar n-

aghaidh against us ’nur n-aghaidh

against you pl & polite nan aghaidh

against them

Examples: dè tha aca na aghaidh / na h-

aghaidh? what do they have against

him / her?

□

chan eil mi a’ tuigsinn

carson a tha iad nad aghaidh I don’t

understand why they’re against you

□

ma bha fàrdach riamh roinnte na h-

aghaidh fhèin…if ever a house was

divided against itself…

□

cha tuirt

duine riamh dad na h-aghaidh nobody

ever said anything against her

□

bha

cùisean a’ dol na aghaidh things were

going against him

aghaidh, an aghaidh is used with vari-

ous verbs to construct a variety of

phrases

□

bi an aghaidh thwart, be

against, be opposed

□

bi an aghaidh a

chèile be mutually opposed

□

for fur-

ther idioms using aghaidh see the fol-

lowing: comhairlich, cuir, cur, rach,

thig, thoir

aghaidh, air aghaidh (sometimes an

aghaidh) adv forward, ahead

□

dol air

aghaidh see dol-air-aghaidh

□

cuir

air aghaidh impel

□

rach air aghaidh

advance

□

cha b’fhada a chaidh e

air aghaidh nuair a… he had not

advanced far when …

□

agus mar sin

air aghaidh and so on, etc.

aghaidh ri aghaidh adv face to face

□

thàinig e aghaidh ri aghaidh ri neach

a b’aithne dha he came face to face

with someone he knew

agus is frequently used in a shortened

form is / ’s, and in all the examples

given here, they are all interchangeable

agus is also frequently used in idiomatic

constructions in which it is untranslat-

able (or at least does not translate as

‘and’)

□

ionnan agus like

□

ionnan

agus muinntir a’ bhaile mhòir like the

city folk

□

chan ionnan agus muinntir

a’ bhaile mhòir it’s not the same with

the city folk

□

beag agus gun robh e

bha e glè làidir

□

small though he was

he was very strong

□

tha e agam

fhathast, luideagach ’s gu bheil e I have

it still, ragged though it is

□

tràth agus

mar a bha e … early as it was…

□

bha

agus cù is cat there were also a dog and

a cat

□

… is e na shuidhe air mullach

a’ bhalla [and he] sitting on the top of

the wall / as he sat etc.

Further examples: cha rachainn cho

fada agus sin a ràdh I wouldn’t go so

far as to say that

□

tha an t-Eilean

Sgitheanach air àite cho àlainn agus a

tha (ann) an Albainn the Isle of Skye is

as beautiful a place as there is in

Scotland (see air)

□

fhritheil i dha cho

coibhneil is ged b’ann do a h-athair

fhèin she attended to him as kindly as

if it were to her own father

□

ach

faodaidh agus daoine eile but so may

others

Note also: Tha mi sgìth. Tha agus mise /

Tha ’s mi fhèin / fhìn I’m tired. So am

I / Me too / And I

□

Bha na dealbhan

glè thlachdmhor. Bha agus an leabhar

air fad The pictures were very pleas-

ing. So was the whole book

□

chaidh

mi a-mach agus dòrtadh uisge ann

I went out in the pouring rain

13 aibhne

aghann, aighne, -an nf frying-pan, pan

aghastar, -air, -an nm halter

àghmhor, -oire a magniﬁcent, happy, glori-

ous, joyful

□

aig toiseach na seachdain

àghmhoir ud at the beginning of that

joyful week

agus conj and, plus

□

siùcar agus

bainne sugar and milk

□

note that,

unlike ‘and’in the English idiom, agus

is repeated in lists: tì agus siùcar agus

bainne tea, sugar and milk – though

the English version is becoming more

common

aibheis, -e, -ean nf abyss

aibheiseach, -iche a

□

see aibhseach

aibhiseachadh, -aidh nm & vn of aib-

hisich exaggerating greatly, hyperbole

aibhisich, -eachadh v greatly exaggerate

aibhseach, -iche a huge, immense, great,

vast

□

tha seo aibhseach! this is great!

□

na h-astaran aibhseach ud those vast /

immense distances

□

… agus gach tè dhi-

ubh nas aibhsiche na an tè roimpe…and

each one more huge than the one before

(fem subj)

aibhne gen sing form of abhainn

aibhnichean nom, gen and dat pl forms of

abhainn

aibidil, -e, -ean nf alphabet

□

a rèir òrdugh

na h-aibidil in alphabetical order

aibidileach a alphabetical

aice / aicese prep pron / emph prep pron of

aig (q.v.) at her / it fem

□

an t-airgead aice

her money

aiceid, -e, -ean nf

□

see acaid

àicheadh, -eidh nm & vn of àicheidh deny-

ing etc, denial, negation, negative, recan-

tation

□

chan eil àicheadh air there’s no

denying it

□

ghabh e taobh an àicheidh

anns an deasbad he spoke against the

motion in the debate

□

cha dèan mi àic-

headh nach do smaoinich mi …I won’t

deny that I thought…

□

an do rinn sinn

àicheadh air ar toil fhèin airson a thoil-

san a dhèanamh? did we deny our own

will in order to do His will?

□

may also be

accompanied by às and the verb rach ‘go’

e.g. cha b’urrainn do dhuine dol às àic-

headh gun robh e … one couldn’t deny

that it was

□

… chan eil mi dol às àicheadh

I’m not going to deny it

□

cha deach i às

àicheadh she didn’t deny it

□

… is riamh

cha deach e às àicheadh … and never did

he deny it

aicheamhail nf reprisal(s), vengeance (far

less common than dìoghaltas)

□

tha

aicheamhail ghoirt agam ri thoirt a-mach

air an duine sin I must exact grievous

vengeance upon that man

àicheanach, -aiche a negative

àicheamhas, -ais nm litotes

àichear, -eir nm negative (gram.)

àicheidh, àicheadh v deny, disclaim, dis-

own

□

chan eil mi ag àicheadh nach robh

mi … I don’t deny that I was …

□

… an

àite a bhith na ghealtaire ag àicheadh

Chrìost … … instead of [his] being a cow-

ard denying Christ …

□

… a’ bheatha a

bha air a h-àicheadh dha… the life which

had been denied to him

□

… a tha ag àic-

headh air an duine aon de na toileachaid-

hean as mò … which denies man(kind)

one of the greatest pleasures

□

ach aon rud

a tha mi ag àicheadh dhuibh … but one

thing which I am refusing from you …

àicheil, -e a negative

□

an cruth àicheil

negative form

□

am mìrean àicheil nega-

tive particle

□

ro-leasachan àicheil nega-

tive preﬁx

aicinn, -e nf accent (mus.)

□

dèan aicinn

accent v (music)

aideachadh, -aidh nm & vn of aidich

admitting etc., acknowledgment, admission,

confession, recognition, profession

of faith

aidh! exclam yes! right! (Scots ‘aye’)

aidhiodain nm iodine

aidich, -eachadh v acknowledge, admit,

confess, concede, own, profess, avow,

recognise (⫽ admit)

□

dh’aidich e he pro-

fessed his faith

□

dh’aidich e dhomh gun

robh e ceàrr he admitted to me that he was

wrong

□

nach aidich thu gu bheil mi

ceart? won’t you admit that I am right?

□

bha e ag aideachadh a chuid pheacaid-

hean he was confessing his sins

□

… eadar

’s gu bheil iad ag aideachadh an t-suid-

heachaidh no nach eil … whether they

acknowledge / admit the situation or not

□

feumaidh mi aideachadh gu bheil thu

ceart I must admit etc. that you’re right

aidmheil, -e, -ean nf confession, persua-

sion (relig.), religious belief

□

… a bha na

chomharradh air an aidmheil dom

buineadh iad … which was a sign of the

religious persuasion to which they

belonged

Aifreann, -inn nm/f mass (relig.)

□

all

dicts. give as masc though it is fem in

Scottish Catholic areas

□

Aifhreann is

more common on the mainland

□

bha an

t-Aifreann ga chuairteachadh air a’bhlàr-

a-muigh the Mass was being conducted in

the open air

Aifhreann

□

see Aifreann

aibhnichean 14

aig prep⫹ dat at, from, to

The prep prons of aig are: agam at me

agad at you sing aige at him / it masc

aice at her / it fem againn at us agaibh

at you pl & polite aca at them

The emph forms are: agamsa, agadsa,

aigesan, aicese, againne, agaibhse,

acasan

The prep poss adjs are formed as fol-

lows: gam at my, gad at your sing, ga

(with len) at his / its masc, ga (without

len – also ga h- before vowels) at her /

its fem, gar, at our gur at your pl. &

polite gan (gam before b, f, m, p) at

their

Basic examples: aig an taigh at home

□

aig deireadh an latha at the end of the

day

□

aig seachd uairean at seven

o’clock

□

bha iad nan suidhe aig bòrd

mòr they were sitting at a large table

With bi it is used to show possession

□

bi aig have

□

tha bàta agam I have

a boat

□

tha càr aig Dòmhnall Donald

has a car

□

a bheil sgian aig Calum?

does Calum have a knife?

□

bha

airgead gu leòr aige he had plenty of

money

□

cha robh airgead gu leòr aig

Màiri Mary didn’t have enough money

□

chan eil aig an iasgair air fhàgail

ach lìontan sracte the ﬁsherman is left

with nothing but torn nets / has noth-

ing left etc.

□

gach nì a tha agam all I

have, possess

□

tha Gàidhlig aige he

knows / can speak Gaelic

□

… a chionn

’s gu bheil an oiﬁs aige a tha aige…

because he has the ofﬁce (that) he has

…

□

thàinig i a-steach agus biadh is

deoch aice air sgàl she entered with

food and drink on a tray

□

bha boire-

annach an sin agus naoidhean aice na

h-achlais there was a woman there

with a baby in her arms

□

’s aithne

dhuinn uile ﬁr aig a bheil comasan

sònraichte we all know men who pos-

sess special abilities

□

aig a bheil

smachd air sporan nan oilthighean…

who have control over the universities’

budgets / ﬁnances

□

tha àite aig gach

aon ann there ’s a place for everyone

in it / there

□

an t-àite a tha aig Alba

anns an ‘Nàisean Eòrpach’ the place

Scotland occupies in the ‘European

Nation’

□

chan eil rud againn a shealla-

maid dhaibh we don’t have anything to

show them (lit. that we might show to

them)

□

bha dà mhinistear aig eaglais

na h-Alba aig a’ choinneimh there

were two ministers of the Church of

Scotland at the meeting / the Church of

Scotland had two ministers at the

meeting

Note also: bha còig notaichean aig mo

bhràthair orm I owed / was due my

brother ﬁve pounds

□

chan eil agam

air I don’t like him

□

chan eil

agam ort! you’re a rogue!

□

chan eil

agam air a bhith a’dèanamh sin I can’t

be bothered doing that

□

cha robh

agamsa a-riamh mu dheidhinn smo-

cadh I never did like smoking

The prep prons are used with def nouns

to show possession (instead of poss

adjs, or to perform the function of a

poss adj)

□

an sgoil againne our

school

□

dè ’n sgoil? an sgoil againne

which school? ours

□

an cù seo againn

this dog of ours

□

lèigh aig a’ Bhan-

rìgh physician to the Queen / the

Queen’s physician

□

… agus a’ ghaoth

na chùl aige…and (having) the wind

in his back

□

but see also further

idioms below:

tha agam ri⫹ vn I have to (do some-

thing)

□

tha agam ri sìol a cheannach

I have to buy seed

□

bha againn ri tuil-

leadh airgid a thogail we had to raise

more money

□

seach gun robh aige ri

dhol a dh’obair because he had to go

to work

□

… agus agam ri leantainn

ann an cas-cheumannan an duine

mhòir seo … (and I) having to follow

in the footsteps of this great man

□

but

note: tha cearc agam ri a bruich I have

a hen to cook

□

and tha bradan agam

ri a bhruich I have a salmon to cook

chan eil agam air⫹ noun I dislike / do

not like (something)

□

note that this is

generally not used in the positive

□

cha

robh aice air na rudan grànnda sin she

did not like those ugly things

The forms againn, agaibh and aca may

be used after dithis and similar words

with the meaning ‘of us’, ‘of you’ or

‘of them’

□

chaidh an dithis aca a-

mach both of them went out

□

lean an

triùir againn air adhart the three of us

carried on (i.e. kept on going)

□

fead-

hainn againn some of us

Further idioms: cha robh e aige fhèin

idir he wasn’t at all himself

□

sin agad

Dòmhnall! that’s Donald for you!

□

sin

agad e! that’s him for you!

□

siud agad

e, nach e? that’s it, isn’t it? (when

guessing someones motives etc.)

□

cò

th’agam? who am I speaking to? (on

the phone or in conversation)

□

cò

th’agad an seo? who’s this (with you)?

□

an e am maighstir-sgoile a th’agam

an seo? is this the head-teacher I’m

speaking to?

□

chan eil agaibh ach

coimhead air you have only to look at

it (see ach for further exs)

□

… ’s gun

aige ach tuagh agus spaid…(and he)

having only / nothing but an axe and a

spade

□

note also: ’s e creachadairean

a bha aig Seumas Moireastan orra

James Morrison called them robbers

□

bha e na chùis-mhagaidh aig càch

others regarded him as a laughing

stock

□

bha e mòr-chòrdte aig an t-slu-

agh he was very popular with the peo-

ple

□

bha Seumas aige mar a mhac

fhèin he looked upon James as his own

son

□

choisich e sìos an staidhre, agus

15 Aifhreann

màileid aige anns gach làimh he

walked down the stairs, holding a suit-

case in each hand

□

… airson an deagh

theagaisg a fhuair e aige … for the ﬁne

teaching which he received from (lit.

at) him

□

nuair a chuala e an òraid seo

aig Calum when he heard this speech

from Calum

Further idioms using aig will be found

under the following words: cluinn,

fàg, faigh, feabhas, feum nm, ﬁos,

iarraidh, ìobairt, ionnsaich, ith,

meall, measail, mòr, obair, pòsta,

taing, tog

aigileanach, -aiche a tasselled, betasselled,

hung with tassels (and thence gaudy)

□

bha i cho aigileanach ri craoibh Nollaige

she was as gaudy as a Christmas tree / she

was as betasseled as etc.

aigne nf mind, temper, (natural) disposi-

tion, spirit, thought

□

a’ dùsgadh m’ aigne

gu cianalas arousing my thoughts to

nostalgia

□

an aigne fheumachail the util-

itarian spirit

aigneach, -iche a boisterous, brisk, lively,

spirited, sprightly, vivacious

□

chan eil mo

chas cho aigneach ’s a bha i my foot is not

so sprightly as it was

□

rinn an cù comhart

aigneach the dog gave a lively bark

aigneadh, -idh, -idhean nm same as aigne

ailbheag, -eige, -an nf

□

same as failbheag

ailbhean, -ein, -an nm elephant

ailbhinn, -e nf ﬂint, rock, precipice

□

…

agus mun do thuig sinn dè bha a’ tachairt

bha e seachad air an ailbhinn …and

before we realised what was happening he

was over the precipice

ailbhinneach, -iche a ﬂinty

ailbineach, -ich, -ich nm albino

ailbineach a albino

ailbineachd nf albinism

àile nm air, atmosphere

□

leig an t-àile

gu air v

□

cudrom an àile atmospheric

pressure

àileach, -iche a airy

aileag, -eige nf hiccups / hiccoughs (always

preceded by the def art)

□

tha an aileag

orm I have the hiccups

□

ghàir e gus an

tug e an aileag air fhèin he laughed until

he took the hiccups [on himself]

àilean, -ein, -an nm 1. meadow, esplanade

□

choinnich iad air àilean bòidheach

sàmhach they met upon a beautiful, peace-

ful meadow 2. oasis

ailearan, -ain, -an nm aileron

aileasach a

□

see ailleasach

ailebeart, -eairt, -an nm halbert

ailgeabra nf algebra

àilgheas, -eis nm

□

see àilleas

àilgheasach a

□

see àilleasach

ailigeutair, -ean nm alligator

àill nf indec will, desire, pleasure most

often used with assertive verb in the fol-

lowing way: thuirt e gun dèanadh i mar a

b’àill leis air a’ cheann thall he said that

she would do as he wanted in the long run

□

bha e làn di-beathte tadhal nuair a b’àill

leis he was heartily welcome to visit when

he liked

□

b’àill leibh?(for dè b’àill

leibh?) pardon? / excuse me (I didn’t hear)

aill, -e. -ean nf precipice

aige 16

aige / aigesan prep pron / emph prep pron

of aig (q.v.) at him / it masc

àigeach, -ich, -ich nm stallion

aigeal, -eil, -an nm sea-bed

□

same as

aigeann

aigeallan, -ain, -an nm 1. tag, tassel

□

tha

aigeallan beag air a chur am broinn

gach ball aodaich a small tag is placed

inside each garment 2. pendant

□

choisinn

e an t-aigeallan airgid aig a’Mhòd he won

the silver pendant at the Mod

□

also

aigilean

aigeann, -inn nm (usually def ) an aigeann

the abyss, the deep

aigeannach, -aich, -aichean nf minx

aigeannach, -aiche a 1. oceanic 2. viva-

cious

□

see aigneach

aigesan

□

see aige

àigh nm

□

same as àgh nm

□

taing don Àigh

thanks be to Providence

aigh-bàn, aigh -bhàin nm box (bush)

aigheannach, -aich, -aich nm corn thistle

aighear, -ir nm delight, jollity, gladness,

joy, merriment, mirth

□

nuair a chuala

sinn adhbhar a’ chiùil agus an aighir …

when we heard the cause of the music and

the merriment …

aighearach, -aiche a cheerful, gay, glad,

happy, jocund, jolly, merry, mirthful,

sportive

□

gu h-aighearach thog e am

pàiste joyfully he lifted up the child

□

bha

feasgar sona aighearach againn an sin we

had a happy, merry evening there

□

’s e

duine cuideachail aighearach a bh’ann he

was a friendly, cheerful man

aigilean, -ein, -an nm tag, tassel

□

bha e a’

cosg sporan le aigileanan leathrach he

was wearing a sporran with leather tassels

□

also aigeallan

àille nf

□

same as àilleachd

àille comp of àlainn a

àilleachd nf beauty

□

boireannach aig an

robh àilleachd gun choimeas a woman

who possessed a peerless beauty

□

bha

cuimhne aige air àilleachd bhorb an fhà-

saich he remembered the ﬁerce beauty of

the desert

àilleag, -eige, -an nf 1. jewel 2. pretty girl

àilleas, -eis, -an nm desire, fad, will

□

… far

am faigheadh iad biadh gu an àilleas …

where they could ﬁnd food to their hearts’

content

àilleasach, -aiche a fastidious, fussy,

haughty

□

tha e car àilleasach mu bhiadh

he is somewhat fastidious about his food

□

saoilidh mi gur h-e duine glè àilleasach a

bhiodh … I think it is a very fussy person

who would …

àillidh, -e a lovely, picturesque

□

sealladh

àillidh a lovely view

aillse nf indec cancer

□

aillse craicinn skin

cancer

aillseach, -iche a cancerous, malignant

(med.)

ailm, -e, -ean nf helm, tiller (naut.)

àil-mheidh, -e, -ean nf anemometer

ailpeach a alpine

ailtire, -ean nm architect

ailtireachd nf architecture

aimbeart, -eirt, -an nf need, necessity,

necessitude

□

na h-aimbeartan corporra

the bodily needs

aimbeartach, -aiche a necessitous, needy,

poor

aimheal, -eil nm vexation

□

bha e a-nis fo

aimheal is fo sgìos he was now vexed and

wearied (lit. under vexation and weari-

ness)

aimhleas, -eis nm mischief

aimhleasach, -aiche a mischievous

aimhleathan, -aine a narrow

□

sràid aimh-

leathan dhorcha a narrow, dark street

aimh-rèir nm inconsistency

aimhreit, -e, -ean nf commotion, con-

tention, discord, dissension, confusion,

disturbance, quarrel, riot, unrest, disorder

□

… mar gun robh e airson aimhreit a

sheachnadh … as if he wanted to avoid

contention

□

thug e an t-òrdugh an

aimhreit a chìosnachadh he gave the order

to quell the riot / disturbance

□

cuir air

aimhreit put / throw into disorder / confu-

sion

□

chuir na daoine sin an dùthaich air

aimhreit those people threw the country

into a state of disturbance / disorder

□

’s

e seo a bhitheas a’ togail na h-aimhreit

it’s this which causes / will cause the

contention

aimhreiteach, -iche a riotous, contentious,

quarrelsome, unruly, (en)tangled

□

bha e

na laighe an sin na thòrr aimhreiteach it

was lying there in a tangled mass

□

bha na

treubhan a’ bagradh a bhith aimhreiteach

the tribes were threatening to be contentious

aimhreiteachadh, -aidh nm & vn of

aimhreitich embroiling

aimhreitich, -eachadh v embroil

aimlisg, -e, -ean nf accident, calamity, con-

fusion, disorder

□

nuair a dh’èirich an

aimlisg seo dhomh when this calamity

befell me

□

… anns a’ chabhaig agus an

aimlisg a bha ann … in the haste and con-

fusion (which existed)

□

… mar gum bit-

headh iad a’ fulang aimlisg … as if they

were suffering [from] confusion

aimlisgeach, -iche a mischievous,

quarrelsome

aimrid, -e a barren, infertile, sterile

□

anns

a’cheàrn gharbh aimrid seo in this rough,

barren region

aimsir, -e nf 1. epoch, season, tense, time

□

anns an aimsir a chaidh seachad in the

past

□

tha aimsir ann airson subhachais

there is a time for rejoicing

□

[ann] an

aimsirean cèine in far off times

□

see App.

10 Sects.1.0 & 2.0 for further examples of

this and other words meaning ‘time’ 2. cli-

mate, weather

□

atharrachadh aimsir cli-

mate change

□

thuirt e gum feumadh iad

cothrom a ghabhail air an aimsir he said

that they must take advantage of the

weather

□

bha an aimsir cho dona ’s a

ghabhadh i bhith the weather was as bad

as (it) could be

□

tha dùil againn ri aimsir

bhlàth we expect warm weather

□

lean

droch aimsir fad na bliadhna bad weather

continued all (the) year

□

ri droch aimsir

in bad weather

□

ri aimsir reòta in freez-

ing weather (lit. in frozen weather)

aimsireil, -e a temporal

□

chum leas aim-

sireil is sìorraidh an trèid for the temporal

and eternal beneﬁt of the ﬂock (the con-

gregation)

àin, -e nf heat (of the day)

□

aig àin a’

mheadhan-latha at the heat of midday

□

b’èiginn dhuinn fasgadh a ghabhail bho

àine an là we were compelled to take shel-

ter from the heat of the day

ain- neg pref corresponding to un- / in-

ain-diadhachd nf impiety, irreligion,

ungodliness a.-diadhaidh, -e a godless,

impious, irreligious, ungodly a.-dligheach

a illegitimate, unlawful

17 ain-diadhachd

ain-mèinn see ainmein

ain-riaghailt nf anarchy

ain-riaghailtiche, -ean nm anarchist

aincheardach, -aiche a like a buffoon,

witty, merry, sportive

aincheist, -ean nf puzzle, riddle

ainchinealtach, -aich, -aich nm racist

ainchinealtas, -ais nm racism

aindeoin, a dh’aindeoin prep ⫹ gen

despite, in spite of, irrespective of, per-

force

□

a dh’aindeoin sin notwithstanding,

still

□

a dh’aindeoin sin uile in spite of all

that

□

a dh’aindeoin m’fhaicill in spite of

my caution

□

a dh’aindeoin ’s cho iosal ‘s

a bhruidhinn i chuala mi dè thuirt i in

spite of how quietly she spoke I heard

what she said

□

a dh’aindeoin na bhios

iad ag ràdh in spite of what they say

□

a dheòin no dh’aindeoin willy-nilly

□

dh’fheumadh e a dhol air ais a dheòin no

a dh’aindeoin he had to go back whether

he wished to or not

□

cha mhòr dha

m’aindeòin almost despite myself

□

with all compd preps, a pers pron in the

English version is incorporated into the

phrase, in this case as a prep poss adj

□

the modern forms of these are: dham

aindeoin in spite of me dhad aindeoin in

spite of you sing dha aindeoin in spite

of him / it masc dha h-aindeoin in spite

of her / it fem dhar n-aindeoin in spite of

us dhur n-aindeoin in spite of you pl

and polite dhan aindeoin in spite of

them

□

but note that the older forms

gam, gad etc. may still be encountered

occasionally

aindeònach, -aiche a loath, reluctant,

unwilling

aindeònachd nf unwillingness, reluctance

aindlighe nf injustice

aineol, -oil, -oil nm 1. foreigner, stranger

2. strangeness, unfamiliarity

□

bha e air

aineol ann an dùthaich chèin he was a

stranger in a foreign land

□

tha thu air d’

aineol an seo, nach eil? you’re a stranger

here aren’t you?

aineolach, -aiche a ignorant, illiterate,

unacquainted, uncouth, uninformed,

unlearned

□

bha e cho aineolach air a’

bhaile is ged a b’e cùl na gealaich a

bh’ann he was as ignorant of the town as

if it were the back of the moon

aineolas, -ais nm ignorance, rawness, green-

ness

□

is trom an t-eallach an t-aineolas

ignorance is a heavy burden (proverb)

ainfhiach, -eich, -an nm debt (less com-

mon than ﬁach)

□

feumaidh an dùthaich a

cuid ainfhiachan a phàigheadh the coun-

try must pay (off) its debts (see cuid)

ainfhios, -a nm ignorance

□

chaidh mòran

daoine a ghabhail an ainfhios many peo-

ple were caught unawares

aingeal, -il, -il / ainglean nm angel

□

mar

aingeal angelic

□

cò bha anns na coigrich

ach triùir aingeal who were the strangers

but three angels (see triùir)

□

guidheam

sìth nan naomh is nan ainglean dha anam

may I wish the peace of the saints and the

angels to his soul

aingealachd nf chilliness, numbness

□

dh’fhairich mi aingealachd air cùl

m’amhaich I felt a chilliness at the back of

my neck

aingidh, -e a evil, iniquitous, vicious,

wicked

□

bha iad anabarrach aingidh

they were exceedingly wicked

□

anns an

t-saoghal aingidh seo in this wicked world

aingidheachd nf evil, iniquity, wickedness

□

aingidheachd nan eucoireach ud the

wickedness of those sinners

ainglis, -e nf goitre

ainle nf greenﬂy

ain-mèinn 18

ainm, -e, -ean / ainmeannan nm name,

denomination, fame, ﬁgurehead, repu-

tation (good or bad), signature, sub-

stantive, title

□

ainm àite place name

□

ainm sràide street name

□

fo ainm /

anns an ainm nominal

□

fo ainm eile

alias

□

gun ainm anonymous, nameless

□

san ainm titular

□

ainm sinnsireil

patronymic

□

tha ainmean sràide sa

Gaidhlig a’ gabhail àite nan ainmean

Beurla street names in Gaelic are

replacing the English names

□

carson

a tha thu a’ cleith an ainme? why are

you hiding the name?

□

leac air

an robh ainmean muinntir a’ bhaile a

chaill am beatha anns a’ chogadh a

plaque on which were the names of the

townspeople who lost their lives in the

war

□

b’e Deirdre ainm na h-inghinn

Deirdre was the daughter’s name (for

h-inghinn see nighean)

□

bha cuidei-

gin a’ glaodhaich an ainm somebody

was calling their names

□

dè an t-ainm

a th’orra? what are their names? (note

the use of the sing rather than the pl in

the last two exs.)

□

fhuair iad ainm gun

robh iad ﬁalaidh they got a name for

being hospitable (lit. they got a name

that they were etc.)

□

agus is ann

uaithe a fhuair e an t-ainm and it is

from him that it got the name

ainm is frequently used with the

prep air thus: dè an t-ainm a th’ort?

what is your name? (lit. what [is] the

name that is on you?)

□

thoir ainm

Gàidhlig air … give a Gaelic name

for …

□

cha robh ainm againn orra

seo we had no name for these

□

… air

an robh Zeus mar ainm aig na

Greugaich o shean…who was called

Zeus by the Greeks of old / whom the

Greeks of old called Zeus

□

thug

e ainm ùr air fhèin he assumed a new

name

□

’s e ainm a sheanar a tha air

Ruaraidh Roderick has his grand-

father’s name / Roderick is named

after his grandfather

ainm is also frequently used with the

prep do and the assertive verb

□

b’e

Ceiteag a b’ainm dhise Katy was her

name (lit. it was Kate that was a name

to her)

□

cha b’e sin a b’ainm dhi that

was not her name

□

oir b’e sin a

b’ainm dha for that was his name (but

note also: ’s e Ceiteag a h-ainm Katie’s

her name

□

… oir b’e sin a h-ainm …

for that was her name)

□

bha baile

beag d’am b’ainm…there was a little

town which was called … (lit. to which

there was a name …)

□

tha cat againn

d’an ainm Clìo we have a cat called

Cleo

Other idioms: dèan ainm dhut fhèin

make a name for yourself

□

rinn e

ainm dha fhèin he made a name for

himself

□

tha iad air ainm a dhèanamh

dhaibh fhèin ann an eachdraidh they

have made a name for themselves in

history

□

bha f ìor dhroch ainm aige he

had a very bad reputation

□

similarly:

tha e air ainm a chosnadh dha fhèin

mar sgrìobhaiche he has earned a

name for himself as a writer

□

cuir

ainm ri sign, countersign, put / add

one’s signature to

□

chuir i a h-ainm ris

an sgrìobhainn she signed / counter-

signed the document

□

chuir e ainm ri

… he added his signature to …

□

goir

air ainm name, call by name

□

gabh

ainmean poll v

□

sgrìobh d’ainm sign

your name

ainm-baistidh nm Christian name

a.-brèige nm pseudonym a.-chlàr nm

catalogue, poll a.-pinn nm pen-name

ainmeach a nominal

ainmeachadh, -aidh nm & vn of ainmich

naming etc., designation, nomenclature,

nomination

ainmeachas, -ais nm an uncommon word

meaning 1. ‘nothing but the name’, ‘only

the name’

□

cha do dh’fhàg an sluagh seo

ach ainmeachas this people left nothing

but the name 2. as an extension of the pre-

vious meaning ⫽ nominal thing, mere tri-

ﬂe

□

chan eil feum againn air ainmeachas

den t-seòrsa sin we have no need of triﬂes

of that sort

ainmear, -eir, -an nm noun, substantive

□

ainmear àireamhach numerical noun

□

ainmear easchruthach abstract

noun

□

ainmear ﬁllte compound noun

□

ainmear gnàthach common noun

□

ain-

mear gnìomhaireach verbal noun

□

ainmear obrach / ainmear obraiche / ain-

mear oibriche agent noun

□

ainmear sòn-

rachaidh proper noun

□

ainmear trusaidh /

ainmear truisidh collective noun

ainmearach a noun

□

roimhear ainmear-

ach a noun preposition

ainmeil, -e a famed, famous, illustrious,

memorable, notable, noted, renowned,

notorious

□

ainmeil airson uisge-beatha

famous for whisky

□

tha e ainmeil airson

dreach na tìre it is renowned for the

beauty of the countryside

□

dh’fhàs e ain-

meil air sgàth a chiùil mhaisich he became

famous on account of / because of his

beautiful music

ainmein, -e nf fury, rage

□

ghabh e an ain-

mein airson gun do rinn Alasdair a’ chùis

air he ﬂew in a rage because Alasdair had

bested him

□

bha ’n ainmein air, ainmein

riumsa he was furious, furious at me

□

bha

’n ainmein gus a thachdadh rage was

almost choking him

ainmeineach, -iche a furious, full of fury /

rage

ainmh- pref zoo-

ainmh-chruthach a zoomorphic a.-eòlach

a zoological a.-eòlaiche nm zoologist

a.-eòlas nm zoology

ainmhidh, -ean nm animal, beast pl

also ⫽ fauna

ainmhidh-seacharain nm a stray

(animal)

ainmich, -eachadh v announce, call,

denominate, designate, label, identify,

name, mention, nominate

□

… mar a tha e

air ainmeachadh an-diugh as it is called

today / nowadays

□

is gann gun robh e air

a h-ainmeachadh nuair a… he had

19 ainmich

scarcely announced her when …

□

… mar

a dh’ainmich mi gu h-àrd … as I men-

tioned above

□

ainmich dà eun mara name

two seabirds

□

tha iad ag ainmeachadh

comas bruidhinn mar a’ phrìomh amas

they identify speaking ability as the

primary aim

□

ainmich air dedicate to,

name after

□

bha an eaglais air a h-

ainmeachadh air the church was dedi-

cated to / named after him

□

bha e air

ainmeachadh air a sheanair he was

named after his grandfather

ainmichte pp named, mentioned etc.

□

duine ainmichte nominee

ainmig, -e a infrequent, rare, unfrequent

□

gu h-ainmig seldom

□

tha an t-eun seo cho

ainmig ra fhaicinn this bird is so seldom

seen

ainmigeas, -eis nm infrequency

ainmneach a nominative

□

tuiseal / cùis

ainmneach nominative case

ainneamh, -eimhe a few, scarce, rare,

unusual, ﬁne, excellent, uncommon

□

tha

sin ainneamh that’s ﬁne, excellent

□

when

used with the assertive verb usually trans-

lates as an adv scarcely, seldom, rarely,

unusually etc.

□

is ainneamh sionnach a

tha air fhàgail there are few foxes left

□

ainneamh am fear anns a’bhaile seo nach

do ghabh bradan aig àm air choreigin

there is scarcely a man in this township

who has not taken a salmon at some time

or other

□

is ainneamh a thàinig e he sel-

dom came

□

agus ’s ann glè ainneamh a

bhiodh sin and it’s very rarely that that

would be (the case)

ainneamhag, -aige, -an nf phoenix

□

mar

ainneamhag ag èirigh bhon luaithre like a

phoenix rising from the ashes

ainneart, -eirt nm violence, force,

oppression

ainneartach, -aiche a violent, oppressive

□

cha ghabhadh e ris na cumhachan

ainneartach sin he would not accept

those oppressive conditions (i.e.

stipulations)

ainneoin, a dh’ainneoin

□

same as a

dh’aindeoin – see aindeoin

ainnir, -e, -ean nf nymph, maiden, virgin

ainnis, -e nf poverty

ainniseach, -iche a indigent, needful,

needy

ainniseachd nf indigence

ainteas, -eis nm 1. excessive heat, inﬂam-

mation 2. fervour, zeal 3. cold sore, herpes

ainteasach, -aiche a 1. excessively hot,

ﬁery 2. fervent, zealous

aintighearna, -an nm despot, tyrant

aintighearnail, -e a tyrannical, despotic

□

fo smachd oiﬁgeach aintighearnail under

the control of tyrannical ofﬁcers

aintighearnas, -ais nm despotism,

tyranny

aipeandaig, -ean nf appendix (anat.)

ainmichte 20

air prep

□

this prep is derived from

three different Irish words, one of

which lenited its noun, which explains

why some words following air are

lenited and others are not. However,

even taking this fact into considera-

tion, this word is found in a vast num-

ber of idioms

The prep prons of air are formed thus:

orm on me ort on you sing air on him /

it masc oirre on her / it fem oirnn on

us oirbh on you pl & polite orra on

them

The emph forms of these are: ormsa,

ortsa, airsan, oirrese, oirnne,

oirbhse, orrasan respectively

There are no special poss adj forms

□

air mo cheann on my head

□

air do

chois on your foot etc.

□

but note the

syncopated form orra ⫽ air do

□

orra

shocair!(⫽ air do socair!) take it easy!

□

gabh sinn orra chùram (⫽ air do

chùram) take us into your care (in

prayer)

Below is given only a small selection of

examples which show the basic

meanings, or at least reﬂect them.

Compound adverbs, conjunctions or

prepositions having air as an element

will be found under the word follow-

ing air e.g. air feadh prep is given

under feadh while air seachran adv is

given under seachran. Where air is

closely associated with a verb / noun,

examples of usage are given under that

word

1. on, upon ⫹ dat

□

though, in some

of the examples given, air does

not translate as ‘on, upon’, this is

the meaning which is inherent in

the phrase used e.g. cha d’fhuair

mi càil air I got nothing for it –

where the underlying meaning is

of a price / value being on

something

□

tha an leabhar air a’

bhòrd the book is on the table

□

bha a’bhiodag na laighe air an làr

the dagger was lying on the ﬂoor

□

tha ceann math air a’ bhalach the

boy has a good head

□

cha bu chòir

dhuinn breith a thoirt air duine air

(a) aodach we should not judge a

man by his clothes

□

bhitheadh e

a’ tomhas luach a shearmoin air

(a) fhaide he used to estimate the

worth of his sermon by its length

□

shaoileadh tu air Daibhidh gur h-

esan am maraiche as fheàrr air an

t-saoghal you would think by

(looking at / listening to) David

that he was the best seaman in the

world

□

boinne air bhoinne drop

by drop

□

thoir buille air a’bhuille

retaliate

□

chaochail e na bu

tràithe air a’bhliadhna seo he died

earlier this year

□

bha e air rathad

air nach b’urrainn dha tionndadh

air ais he was upon a road upon

which he could not turn back

□

air

an ceann bha Calum Domhnallach

at their head was Calum MacDonald

□

bha e gu bhith na iasgair air

daoine he was going to be a ﬁsher

of men

□

tha eagal orm nach eil air

ach fuireach gu là I’m afraid

there’s nothing for it but to wait

until daylight

□

air an dòigh seo

thus, so, in this way

□

mharbh iad

triùir dhaoine air a h-aon they

killed three men for every one

□

cheannaich mi seo air sia sgillinn

I bought this for six pence

□

cha

d’fhuair mi nì air I didn’t get any-

thing for it / I got nothing for it

□

phàigh mi leth-cheud sgillinn air I

paid 50p for it (i.e. exchanged

money for it)

□

note that, with

pàigh, the amount must be speci-

ﬁed

□

bhiodh iad riaraichte leis na

gheibheadh iad air an cuid airgid

they would be satisﬁed with what

they got for their money

□

reic e

iad agus rinn e glè mhath orra he

sold them and did very well on

them

□

bha còig notaichean aig

mo bhràthair orm I owed / was due

my brother ﬁve pounds

□

bha e an

dùil (a) fhortan a dhèanamh

air buntàta he expected to make

his fortune in potatoes

□

n-athair a tha air nèamh our father

who are in heaven

□

tha toll air

there’s a hole in it

□

air halldachd

is air Ghaidhealtachd in the

Lowlands and in the Highlands

□

sgrìobh e mu dheidhinn cuairt air

an deach e he wrote about a jour-

ney on which he went

□

rinn iad a

leithid ceudna air na tuathanaich

they did the same kind of thing to

the farmers

□

thoir (ainm) air

(cuideigin) give (someone) (a

name) / call

□

’s e Mairead a thug

iad oirre they called her Margaret

□

but note also: ’s e ‘an Leadaidh’

a bha aca oirre they called her ‘the

Lady’ / the name they had for her

was etc. (lit. it was ‘the Lady’ that

was at them on her)

□

’s e

creachadairean a bha aig Seumas

Moireastan orra James Morrison

called them robbers

□

and: ’s e

Mòrag a th’oirre she’s called

Morag

□

’s e meud a’ bhogsa

ceithir òirlich air leud agus sia

òirlich air faid the size of the box

is four inches by six

□

bha e na

ghafair air na nàbhaidhean a bha

togail an rèile he was a gaffer

over the navvies building the

railway

2. In the following examples air is

used when one thing / person is

said to be another, a situation

which normally employs a con-

struction involving either the

assertive verb or the prep prons of

ann

□

air fear de na daoine air an

do chuir e fàilte bha… one of the

people whom he welcomed was …

□

bha ise air aon dhiubh she was

one of them

□

bha ainm aige a

bhith air fear de na sgoilearan a

b’fheàrr he had a reputation for

being one of the best scholars

□

…

agus bha Seumas air fear dhiubh

sin … and Seumas was one of

those

□

also: air fear aca one of

them masc

□

air tè aca one of them

fem

□

tha an t-Eilean Sgitheanach

air àite cho àlainn is a tha (ann) an

Alba the Isle of Skye is as beauti-

ful a place as there is in Scotland

□

air leabaidh a bhàis bha seo air na

faclan mu dheireadh a labhair e on

his deathbed these were the last

words he spoke

21 aipeandaig