Бородулин В.И., Ланцман М.Н. Справочник: Болезни. Синдромы. Симптомы
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@' )0+0)),)0&0 8+0/)0-
@'0 */ )0 +0 )0 0 +;
0 /& 8+0 +=0 +0 8(0 );
00/0)8(0 000+8>'
.(0-0@'0<0 )0+=00;
00(/0C<K0/D00/00C<B0/D=
?+0?)0&0@'+=000/& 8+0;
+00+0)?8,00+8+0?4+0C/()
+ )0(/D
5 8 0) ) 0<0)80 =00+8>'=0/;
?=0 40 =0 /0 @)0 0 /)
/+0 *0 8?/0 +40 0 0 ?+40 (?')
'0C+/)0')D
.?
,0 0 0 @/+ (0 C
-+=0 ?D0 0 (8(0 (0 ++0 .)0 /;
4/)0 /?0 ?,0 0 '0 C=0 *
')0+4)D0+,'
"
/)00'00804+00;
+0/0&?00 08(00/0 )04/0;
+8> 0/)00F<O0+0@'0/0++;;
&0? ,040//'80/0C+=0;
+/=00?D=0,M00/(0/)0+8>
E0+0=KQ00+?000+0EQ00/+/=00&&;
8(0(0<0/ ;/800?&4/,-0/8(0/;
0*0@ (0/(0? ,0&&00&?;
00P=E000?00/
* 00@/+ (0(0/)0;
,00//,000'',0,/00@/+;
+0 ?)+0 '0 0 -0 @'0 /)
0/040000K0+00+0EP0/00''
?0+)'0CK0+D
BFF
!7"3205%3VX
?".
#
"*,0CA0)0@'D0<0
/; 0 '0 ?&=0 ,-0 0 0 +;
@'
?&/0<0=0+ 800>0/M0;
)0/?',-+0+
?00<0/048=0'80N00/+>04;
80+0&80 +0'0* <0+0?
;))000)00(0,40*+)
)003&'80/0/4)
:<E0/)0 0=0+0/0:P R00 0L<EP0/00;
80 /0 + ,)0?&=0)0 &=0 +=0>=0 =0 ;
/,-0 K<EP0 /0 <0 8480 +80 /+=0 /
&=0++800+?+=0>0=0;
=0&/00)48(0 )(0?,)0)480/?80@;
'0 C@'+D0 0 /0 '&0 +8=0 80 ;
=0'80?800 =00 =04)
)/0 8(0000<0 80'?0"
/0LPQ0'')0/)03?0 8(0)00+0;
<0( 0M0/80>)08480&
. ? 0 0 0 @/+ (0 0 (0 /8(
*/))040 00 0/)0C=
')0+4)0+,'D=04; )0&
" 08(0?,00 )00;
-0+/,)0/0' 0++;&=08;
0'=0//')0)=0/80*
0/8(8(0+8>'0?0)0)')0(
* A 0 )0 '')=0 40 +=
?-000+
?+(#.
% +0 <0 ?&0 40 0 =0 8?8;
+0 &+0 lcGbeobsjed0 cdjqlpc^cjkiq0 5&0 0 )
+0C0?8+)00+D=0 +0 0 /(
'=0 )0)0)?00/8+0>+0?0&0 ;
80/,08>0 ,0=0>+0 0;
/04(0
3 +0 ?&/0 )),)0 &80 @/+0 =
40&8>00(0?00?)?80&+0/+802;
)0 4)0 /0 &0 ?4,=0 &0 0 &,/
; (0 0 C/)0 &0 +-;
)=0(00/800&)(=0/>8(D0&80/0(),)
048(0(=0+ (=0(0&0
? ,0+?,=0?,00// ,0+8
?&)0+?)0+0)))0+ 8+0>>;
+0 40 /=0 &8(=0 &8(0 (0 '0 0 +4;
'8(0/00)/00@+0?+480 0+?
3?)0 +0+0+4',0=0 -
0&800/(0+4/0Hv00v0'+0=040+4/0HHH00Hv=
/0 )))0 -=0 4)0 ,-+)0 &8+0 @;
/++02-0-)00@?,00+-0(,0;
>0 0 &=0 /)0 (/&0 ,0 80 ;
'0<0)),)0+)=0 =0?/=0&?00
*3.%3N3X0*5232
BFL
./ )0@/+)00?00/(=0&8(
()(00'(00*)),)0?80008>M
0 ,)=0 ,)=0 ))0 ++8+M0 (0 /4;
+0+0*080?80&?,)0@?=0480;
,-+)08+0+0%0?0+800+/;
8=0+ )0&?00 (0 &=08>)0+;
0
T0 0&8(0&,/)0400<0(+?=0&8 ;
0H00v0'000-0)0)),)0480)008
0-)=0>)0T08(0&8(0+0&80);
800?80 080040=000/(
0
. ? 0,000 08=0/;
4/,0 &4+0 @+0 &0 0 >(0 4=0 8>
?8=0&00)008/+080?&/)
*08(0))(0C=0+=0@?=0&?D0;
? ,0 EPQ00(/0')=0+8080 C/;
+/=000/D=0&,00%0<0+ 0?
0 +0 )0 CEAFPPPD=0 P=KQ0 0 0 &
*8>0 ?80 8,0 0 />+0 +),0 '=
E<Q0 80 80 8(0 =0 =0 +;
=0+?0000/+0*0(+?0?80 ;
00'/80/0
* 0?, )00&,/00 0;
8=0 40; 04+00&)(=0&(=0/>;
8(=0+((
?+(#
G,+
0CA0?>'=0D0<0)
')0 &?=0(?,-))04+04?8(0;
0C>8(00/ ,8(0,8(04?=08(04?=0 ;
-0) =0/4/ 04?800/D0040'0
+8
?&/0<0=080/)0 00&?)
3 +0?&/0'0)))0&0@/+ +
+=0 )00/(0/0&'0/0/0O;0/)
&?03?0?+0&0?&/0'08/))00,;
M0 / 0 0 (/0 +-0 ?/>;8+0 ;
+=000, 0?+40?4)0 ?0/+80&(/0C;
>=0 '0 0 /D=0 '80 ,0 &0 5
')0/ 000&0&+04-80;
/0 5&0 /480 ?&,0 /0 0 ?0 K<EK0 =0 4
&,0/00?00?800=0 ,)0;
/ 0 0?&)0%+)0?&+0(/)
0?+000+)'8=0/00/(0 4/)(=0400;
(0?8(=0+0+ )0@/+ 08>0?;
,08>0&0 0)
)003&'80/0&8 0;
/4)00EE0/0F0C -0EK<P0/D0N0?00&;
?0/>0/+80 /=0)),-)0/+;
+=00=00&,=0+0?0? ,0 ;
00 0C=0&++D0 0&?
BFF
!7"3205%3VX
?".
#
"*,0CA0)0@'D0<0
/; 0 '0 ?&=0 ,-0 0 0 +;
@'
?&/0<0=0+ 800>0/M0;
)0/?',-+0+
?00<0/048=0'80N00/+>04;
80+0&80 +0'0* <0+0?
;))000)00(0,40*+)
)003&'80/0/4)
:<E0/)0 0=0+0/0:P R00 0L<EP0/00;
80 /0 + ,)0?&=0)0 &=0 +=0>=0 =0 ;
/,-0 K<EP0 /0 <0 8480 +80 /+=0 /
&=0++800+?+=0>0=0;
=0&/00)48(0 )(0?,)0)480/?80@;
'0 C@'+D0 0 /0 '&0 +8=0 80 ;
=0'80?800 =00 =04)
)/0 8(0000<0 80'?0"
/0LPQ0'')0/)03?0 8(0)00+0;
<0( 0M0/80>)08480&
. ? 0 0 0 @/+ (0 0 (0 /8(
*/))040 00 0/)0C=
')0+4)0+,'D=04; )0&
" 08(0?,00 )00;
-0+/,)0/0' 0++;&=08;
0'=0//')0)=0/80*
0/8(8(0+8>'0?0)0)')0(
* A 0 )0 '')=0 40 +=
?-000+
?+(#.
% +0 <0 ?&0 40 0 =0 8?8;
+0 &+0 lcGbeobsjed0 cdjqlpc^cjkiq0 5&0 0 )
+0C0?8+)00+D=0 +0 0 /(
'=0 )0)0)?00/8+0>+0?0&0 ;
80/,08>0 ,0=0>+0 0;
/04(0
3 +0 ?&/0 )),)0 &80 @/+0 =
40&8>00(0?00?)?80&+0/+802;
)0 4)0 /0 &0 ?4,=0 &0 0 &,/
; (0 0 C/)0 &0 +-;
)=0(00/800&)(=0/>8(D0&80/0(),)
048(0(=0+ (=0(0&0
? ,0+?,=0?,00// ,0+8
?&)0+?)0+0)))0+ 8+0>>;
+0 40 /=0 &8(=0 &8(0 (0 '0 0 +4;
'8(0/00)/00@+0?+480 0+?
3?)0 +0+0+4',0=0 -
0&800/(0+4/0Hv00v0'+0=040+4/0HHH00Hv=
/0 )))0 -=0 4)0 ,-+)0 &8+0 @;
/++02-0-)00@?,00+-0(,0;
>0 0 &=0 /)0 (/&0 ,0 80 ;
'0<0)),)0+)=0 =0?/=0&?00
*3.%3N3X0*5232
BFL
./ )0@/+)00?00/(=0&8(
()(00'(00*)),)0?80008>M
0 ,)=0 ,)=0 ))0 ++8+M0 (0 /4;
+0+0*080?80&?,)0@?=0480;
,-+)08+0+0%0?0+800+/;
8=0+ )0&?00 (0 &=08>)0+;
0
T0 0&8(0&,/)0400<0(+?=0&8 ;
0H00v0'000-0)0)),)0480)008
0-)=0>)0T08(0&8(0+0&80);
800?80 080040=000/(
0
. ? 0,000 08=0/;
4/,0 &4+0 @+0 &0 0 >(0 4=0 8>
?8=0&00)008/+080?&/)
*08(0))(0C=0+=0@?=0&?D0;
? ,0 EPQ00(/0')=0+8080 C/;
+/=000/D=0&,00%0<0+ 0?
0 +0 )0 CEAFPPPD=0 P=KQ0 0 0 &
*8>0 ?80 8,0 0 />+0 +),0 '=
E<Q0 80 80 8(0 =0 =0 +;
=0+?0000/+0*0(+?0?80 ;
00'/80/0
* 0?, )00&,/00 0;
8=0 40; 04+00&)(=0&(=0/>;
8(=0+((
?+(#
G,+
0CA0?>'=0D0<0)
')0 &?=0(?,-))04+04?8(0;
0C>8(00/ ,8(0,8(04?=08(04?=0 ;
-0) =0/4/ 04?800/D0040'0
+8
?&/0<0=080/)0 00&?)
3 +0?&/0'0)))0&0@/+ +
+=0 )00/(0/0&'0/0/0O;0/)
&?03?0?+0&0?&/0'08/))00,;
M0 / 0 0 (/0 +-0 ?/>;8+0 ;
+=000, 0?+40?4)0 ?0/+80&(/0C;
>=0 '0 0 /D=0 '80 ,0 &0 5
')0/ 000&0&+04-80;
/0 5&0 /480 ?&,0 /0 0 ?0 K<EK0 =0 4
&,0/00?00?800=0 ,)0;
/ 0 0?&)0%+)0?&+0(/)
0?+000+)'8=0/00/(0 4/)(=0400;
(0?8(=0+0+ )0@/+ 08>0?;
,08>0&0 0)
)003&'80/0&8 0;
/4)00EE0/0F0C -0EK<P0/D0N0?00&;
?0/>0/+80 /=0)),-)0/+;
+=00=00&,=0+0?0? ,0 ;
00 0C=0&++D0 0&?
BFB
*3.%3N3X0*5232
&0 0&?0 )008>)0+800/
B<O R=0 ?0 0 ?&=0 >)0 4?0 C -0 0 /
D0(=0)0 &?0N?0E<0 /)0&8 0;
4)00)04?=00@+0'0&0&0(;
80 /=0 /0 0 &?0 0 ?0 IJ0
4)00&00>0&=0,-)004=0;
80=0/000 0)/0 0&0/0
(=0)))0>+00>(00)0>8+=008+
+0 80 /0 &?0 (0 /))0 /0 (=
?+0))0?/00?0C?0040 ,D=0?))
)+0+4/040 ,,00'/8+0+0 0=
+ 0(00@+008)040/0 04;
?0)0)4=0&)-=0'0=00=00?+;
))0*0'00'04?80/))0&>)0&?;
=0 ')0 4?80 0 '0 @ )=0 0
&0+))0*0+000+ ,)0 00+)
)00>04?8
3/00'0+0)0 0/0,804?8A0/;
,8=040/U)?8 80*040/ ,8(04?0C&;
+D000)040 ,0/))0)0&?;
)0(
T 048(0,8(0 4?0&,/)0&8 0 /0:<
K;0/)0&?=0?+0(0+>)000&>0
0F<O;+0/,0,0 ?05&-)0/40(/ ;
0/0 -0)0<:0/)=00)48(0 )(0<0F<O0/
"(/0&8 0)000 +0/+0+8
*08>0+8040?+0 )00;
0'0/(00C) =0!00/D00/;
)040C=0=0=000/D
N8+0+++00/00?8(0+4 0)))04
) 0<0(00=00/))0000F<B;0 /
&?0 *40 ) 0 +40 &80 /;0 0 /+0 5&-
)0&0?+0(/>)=008>)0+0
C/0:P<:E RD=00?,080&00) 0$ 0 )
0<0?=040+>0)0+=0 0*0;
'0) 0?0&?=00N?0<0/)080);
)00(,00&8 00'0E;000;0/0 ?,
.0 0 )0 40 /4/ 0 4?80 <0 ;
=080 &8 0?)0/0?04+0,8(04;
?05+ ,)0?0&004=0>=0=040;
=0?00=0&400(0)?800++80&8 ;
0 ?,0 ?0K<EP0/
?80+0?)0&8 00/0EP<E00 ?0<
F0/00?)000&+=0/0/;
+004+04?0*0@+08>)0+0=0+;
,)0=0?)0)0&=0/0/=0)),)0+;
+80 =0 /?0 0 /0 +80 ++8=0 8
/4)0 <EP0 /0 0 )/0 0 +40 /))0 @'
C+@'D0?80+00+@'0
@0+0?)0?0&?04)0,8(04?
0/(04?8(0
*35.3"32
BFO
.?
8)00 0=0/8(0@/+;
0 +?0 C0 0 &8+0 @/+ +0 +D0
?(0&8(0/0008)),0,0
+'?=0080/0&?0?+40'?050
0 0 +8(0 )(0 ?,0 =0 ;
0+/80C',0)?8)0++00/D=04;
80'008+0+
.'80/?0040>8(04?0 -
/)00&8+0+=00&+0<00/ ,;
8+0+/+08000+/0(?,;
)0+040/0404?00+ +0?+=
?0 &?,=0 ,'=0848+0 '?+0 0 ;
+05
"
040,8(04?0++ =0&8 ;
0 /)0 0 /+0 ? ,0 80 4+=0 &0
C =0 =0 +80 /8D=0 -0 0 80 <:0 /)0 /40 &8
4/004/0*0/80+/,000
) 0 /=0 &8+0 +0 +0 )=0 Q0 +
/&0)00480,804?80+/,0;
(00*0?0(=0=0?0+00+;
@'0&0&(/+0 0?
*?
0&>0 0&)803/00;
0/0(00&/0T0&8(=0;
>(0 40 0 +8=0 0 /(0 )(0 +0 + )
80))00/0?=0 =040(0;
00?+0(8
* 0 80 @/+ +0 +0 /4
?)'00/+>(0)(000'0T 8)0&>0@;
/+ 0 ? 0 &8(0 8+0 0 &++8+0 ++
&?=0800/0/0:00 ,)0+000?0 -=0 +
0848=0&(/+80-08)0@(0&8(
0 0 '0 C0 +0 0 0 +-,0 (0+/D0 0 (
?)')0' )00/)0(040'
?+"(
'
0/ 0'00+(0)
+8>'0 0 /+8-+0 0 =0 4/,-)0 8+
+0/(0
? ,0480@/0 0C0?8+808
D=080 )0 -=000@/0 0;
480 @/0 ?0 +-0 0 '=0 ?/)-(
0 ),-)=0 80 /4)0 C?&0 0 ',
/ )D=0+0 +4=0+)=0=000 ;
=0 0 &80 &8 0 +0 3/0 0 )))0 /+
)+0+80)0%4 80/,0 -04-
0 0040@/0/-
+0?+0)0&00&040/+8-=0)
+40/0(004+0,000?0/0/8
/ )000&000)))00'00;
/8(0/4)(0<0?&00'0/ )=00&
0 0@(0/40*80/4)0/ )0&?;
80>00?0)0+00)004
BFB
*3.%3N3X0*5232
&0 0&?0 )008>)0+800/
B<O R=0 ?0 0 ?&=0 >)0 4?0 C -0 0 /
D0(=0)0 &?0N?0E<0 /)0&8 0;
4)00)04?=00@+0'0&0&0(;
80 /=0 /0 0 &?0 0 ?0 IJ0
4)00&00>0&=0,-)004=0;
80=0/000 0)/0 0&0/0
(=0)))0>+00>(00)0>8+=008+
+0 80 /0 &?0 (0 /))0 /0 (=
?+0))0?/00?0C?0040 ,D=0?))
)+0+4/040 ,,00'/8+0+0 0=
+ 0(00@+008)040/0 04;
?0)0)4=0&)-=0'0=00=00?+;
))0*0'00'04?80/))0&>)0&?;
=0 ')0 4?80 0 '0 @ )=0 0
&0+))0*0+000+ ,)0 00+)
)00>04?8
3/00'0+0)0 0/0,804?8A0/;
,8=040/U)?8 80*040/ ,8(04?0C&;
+D000)040 ,0/))0)0&?;
)0(
T 048(0,8(0 4?0&,/)0&8 0 /0:<
K;0/)0&?=0?+0(0+>)000&>0
0F<O;+0/,0,0 ?05&-)0/40(/ ;
0/0 -0)0<:0/)=00)48(0 )(0<0F<O0/
"(/0&8 0)000 +0/+0+8
*08>0+8040?+0 )00;
0'0/(00C) =0!00/D00/;
)040C=0=0=000/D
N8+0+++00/00?8(0+4 0)))04
) 0<0(00=00/))0000F<B;0 /
&?0 *40 ) 0 +40 &80 /;0 0 /+0 5&-
)0&0?+0(/>)=008>)0+0
C/0:P<:E RD=00?,080&00) 0$ 0 )
0<0?=040+>0)0+=0 0*0;
'0) 0?0&?=00N?0<0/)080);
)00(,00&8 00'0E;000;0/0 ?,
.0 0 )0 40 /4/ 0 4?80 <0 ;
=080 &8 0?)0/0?04+0,8(04;
?05+ ,)0?0&004=0>=0=040;
=0?00=0&400(0)?800++80&8 ;
0 ?,0 ?0K<EP0/
?80+0?)0&8 00/0EP<E00 ?0<
F0/00?)000&+=0/0/;
+004+04?0*0@+08>)0+0=0+;
,)0=0?)0)0&=0/0/=0)),)0+;
+80 =0 /?0 0 /0 +80 ++8=0 8
/4)0 <EP0 /0 0 )/0 0 +40 /))0 @'
C+@'D0?80+00+@'0
@0+0?)0?0&?04)0,8(04?
0/(04?8(0
*35.3"32
BFO
.?
8)00 0=0/8(0@/+;
0 +?0 C0 0 &8+0 @/+ +0 +D0
?(0&8(0/0008)),0,0
+'?=0080/0&?0?+40'?050
0 0 +8(0 )(0 ?,0 =0 ;
0+/80C',0)?8)0++00/D=04;
80'008+0+
.'80/?0040>8(04?0 -
/)00&8+0+=00&+0<00/ ,;
8+0+/+08000+/0(?,;
)0+040/0404?00+ +0?+=
?0 &?,=0 ,'=0848+0 '?+0 0 ;
+05
"
040,8(04?0++ =0&8 ;
0 /)0 0 /+0 ? ,0 80 4+=0 &0
C =0 =0 +80 /8D=0 -0 0 80 <:0 /)0 /40 &8
4/004/0*0/80+/,000
) 0 /=0 &8+0 +0 +0 )=0 Q0 +
/&0)00480,804?80+/,0;
(00*0?0(=0=0?0+00+;
@'0&0&(/+0 0?
*?
0&>0 0&)803/00;
0/0(00&/0T0&8(=0;
>(0 40 0 +8=0 0 /(0 )(0 +0 + )
80))00/0?=0 =040(0;
00?+0(8
* 0 80 @/+ +0 +0 /4
?)'00/+>(0)(000'0T 8)0&>0@;
/+ 0 ? 0 &8(0 8+0 0 &++8+0 ++
&?=0800/0/0:00 ,)0+000?0 -=0 +
0848=0&(/+80-08)0@(0&8(
0 0 '0 C0 +0 0 0 +-,0 (0+/D0 0 (
?)')0' )00/)0(040'
?+"(
'
0/ 0'00+(0)
+8>'0 0 /+8-+0 0 =0 4/,-)0 8+
+0/(0
? ,0480@/0 0C0?8+808
D=080 )0 -=000@/0 0;
480 @/0 ?0 +-0 0 '=0 ?/)-(
0 ),-)=0 80 /4)0 C?&0 0 ',
/ )D=0+0 +4=0+)=0=000 ;
=0 0 &80 &8 0 +0 3/0 0 )))0 /+
)+0+80)0%4 80/,0 -04-
0 0040@/0/-
+0?+0)0&00&040/+8-=0)
+40/0(004+0,000?0/0/8
/ )000&000)))00'00;
/8(0/4)(0<0?&00'0/ )=00&
0 0@(0/40*80/4)0/ )0&?;
80>00?0)0+00)004
BLP
*35.3"32
0 000/++0&00 ?)+00
&8 0 0 ,-0 (=0 0 )))0 /40 0 ;
&>+0)40+8>'=0+0 /4000;&0 ;
-0>0/0000@/00?+=0;
80/4)=00=00 80*0'0+40
0&>0&?050+40)000(;
4)(0?&=0000+8>'(0N-0@0=00+40&8
0/0?0 8(0?&000?+00@08/),0;
(4;/ ,=0+8> ,=0(4,00/+8-,0;
+80@/008(0 )(00?0/)0&
0 00+=0+ ,0?0+8>'0?&0
0'0.)0 )0/?0?/)0?=0@;
? 00 0/)
2 0 40 @/0 ( 0 N?0 0 ;
/00?/)0)0,-+0+8>'+0&0(=0/
0@0(/0 0+)'0*0 ?&0?0 0 ;
+ ,0'/80&
0 00400@/0&8 0&,/)
0'0+-00? 0/0<0+>=0>=
+4'00=0 -004-0 00)))0&;
)+00/000/+8-=00400&
0'0/ )00/0/00)0/;
)02 00@/=0004=0(
" @/00&>0 00;
? ,00/)0+8>'=0)40(408(04/)
)+00+0&0*084+0&+0/+0;
/8,0,0)?00<:0/0? ,0;
80 0 &?&,-0 80 80 C&/=0 =
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