Бардах Ю. Штудыі з гісторыі Вялікага княства Літоўскага

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.

192

ɘɥɿ ɭɲȻɚɪ ɞɚɯ

Ibide m, f. 679 n.: ©ȼɟɞ ɠɟɦ ɵɜ ɧɟɜɟɞɨɦ ɨɫɬɢɤɨ ɬɨɪɨɟɪɟɱɢɡ

ɤɚɧɰɟɥɹɪɟɣɧɚ ɲɨɟɥɢɫɬɵɤɚɠɟɦ ɜ ɵɞɚɜ ɚɬɢ ɬɚɤɤɚɤɯɬɨɜɧɚɫɩɪɨ

ɫɢɬ ª.

ɊɂȻ;;9,,1 UNRO1UNRO 1UNRO

1U  NRO Q ɭɫɟɚɞ ɝ $=5,,1U  V  9,, 

ɊɂȻ;;1UNRO91UNRO,9

AGA D, KML. Nr 195, f. 79 8 (17.III.1 511), f. 81 0 (15 .V.15 11), f. 813 n.

9, IQ9,ɿɛɚɝ ɚɬɚɿɧɲɵɯ

P. I, 24.

AGAD, KML. Nr 198, f. 143 n. (r. 1524).

,EL GHPI   Q ɭ ɜɵɩɚɞɤɭ ɬɚ ɤɨ ɣ ɫɭ ɩɹɪɷ ɱɧɚɫɰɿ ɝ ɚɫɩɚɞɚɪ

ɪɚɫɩɚɪ ɚɞ ɠɚɟɰ ɰɚ ɤɚɛ ɫɬ ɚɪ ɚɫɬɚ©ɥ ɢɫɬ ɧɚ ɲ ɤɨ ɬɨ ɪɵɣ ɟɫɦ ɨ ɫɟɝ ɨ ɧɚ

ɠɚɥɨɛɭɜɨɣɬɨɜɨɟɞɚɥɢɜɧɢɜ ɟɱɨɛɨɪɨɬɢɥª

,ELG HPI U  ɉɚɪɚʆɧ$ =5,,1 U V Q 

ɀɵɝɿ ɦɨɧɬ, ɝɚɪ ɚɧɬɭɸɱɵʆ  ɝɲɬɨ ɚɞ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɧ ɿɤɨ ɝɚɧɟɛɭɞɭ ɰɶ

ɩɚɡɵɜɚɰɶ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪ ɫɤɿɦɿ ɩɨɡɜɚɦɿʆɄɚɪ ɨɧɭ  ɡɚɹʆɥ ɹɟɲɬɨ ʆɠ ɨɜɵɞ ɚ

ɞɡɟɧɵɹ ɩɨɡɜɵɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪ©ɧ ɚɫɬ ɨɪɨɧ ɭɨ ɬɤɥɚ ɞɚɟɬ ª

Ɋɂ Ȼ;; 1U NRO  9,, ©ɬ ɭɸɤɨɩɟɸɤɚɡ ɚɥɢ

ɟɫɦ ɨɫɨɞɪɚɬɢªɌɚɦɫɚɦɚ1UNRO9,,,©Ⱥɬɨɬɡɚɩɢɫ

ɧ ɟɫɥ ɭɲɧ ɵ ɤɚ ɡɚ ɥɢ  ɟɫɦ ɨ ɫɨ ɞɪ ɚɬ ɢª   Ɍɚɦ ɫɚɦɚ 1 U  NR O   

9,, ɝ ɚɫɩɚɞ ɚɪɤɚɠ ɚ©ɫɨɞɪ ɚɬɢªɫɭ ɩɹɪɷɱɧɵɡ ɚɤɨɧɭɬɷɫɬɚɦɟɧɬ

Ɍɚɦɫɚɦɚ1UNRO9©Ⱥɬɵɟɥ ɢɫɬɵɤɨɬɨɪɵɟɜɨɣɬ

ɛɵɥɫɨɛɟɧɚɬɨɜ ɵɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɤɚɡɚɥ ɢɟɫɦ ɨɩ ɨɞɪɚɬɢª

ɊɂȻ ;;1U NRO ±,,

ɊɂȻ ;;1U NRO , 

Ɋ ɂȻ ;; 1 U  NRO © ɂɥɢ ɫɬ ɡɩɟɱɚɬɶɸ« ɤɚɡɚ ɥɢ

ɟɫɦ ɨ ɜɤɚɧ ɰɟɥɹɪɵɢ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɫɤɚɡɢ ɬɢª

Ɋ ɂȻ;;1U ɛ ɟɡ ɞɚɬɵ NRO   ɿ1U  NRO 

(23.VI.1517 ): ©Ɂɚɩ ɢɫ«ɤɚ ɡɚɥɢɟɫɦɨɫɤɚɡɢɬɢª ɉɚɪɚʆɧ$ *$'. 0,

Nr 1 98, f. 143 n .: «sua s litteras nos (magn us dux) cassam us»>ɹɝɨɧ ɵɹ

ɥɿ ɫɬɵɦɵɜɹɥ ɿɤɿ ɤɧɹɡɶ ɤɚɫɭɟɦ@ .

AGAD, KML, 198 , f. 679 n.: ©ɜ ɧɢɜ ɟɱɨ ɛɨɪɨɬɵɥªɊɂȻ ;;

1UNRO ɛɟɡɞɚɬɵ©ɢɬɨɬ ɟɫɦ ɨɩɪɢɜɢ ɥɟɣ«ɭɦ ɟɪɬ ɜɢɥ ɢª

Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɤɧɋ;,Ɋɷɝɟɫɬɝɭɱɵɰɶ «2U\JLQDá

przywileju i drugi przywilej panów rad przyzwolenia i trzeci przywilej na

FL ZX ĔV WZR V ]D ZO HĔV NL H ELV NX SR ZL NU yO M HJR PR ĞüVNDV RZDüL VS DO Lü

UR]ND ]Dá». ɉɨɛ ɚɱɮɿɝɭɪ ɭɟɞɚɩɿɫɤɚɩɪ ɚɜɵɞɚɥɟɧ ɧɟɤɨɩɿɿ ɞɚɤɭ ɦɟɧɬ ɚ²

ɩɚɜɨɞ ɥɟɞɚɪɭɱ ɷɧɧ ɹ ɩɚɞ ɤɚɧɰɥ ɟɪɚ² ɿɡ ɚɤɬɚʆ

$ UFK 6DQJ  ,91 U   V  Q  ;   ɀɵɝ ɿɦɨ ɧɬ,

ɜɵɡɜɚɥ ɹɟ ɤɧ Ɏɺɞ ɚɪ ɚ ɋɚɧɝ ɭɲɤɭ  ɿ  ɿ ɧɲɵɯ ɤɧɹɡɺʆ ɚɞ  ɪ ɭɤɚɟɦɫɬɜɚ ʆ

ɩɚɦɟɪɵ ɬɵɫɤɨɩ ɥɿɬ ɨʆɫɤɿɯ ɝɪɨɲɚʆɹɤɿɹɹɧɵ ɡɥɚɠɵɥɿ ɧɚɩɿ ɫɶɦɟʆ

ȼɿ ɥɶɧɿ ɡɚ ɜɵɩɭɲɱ ɚɧɚɝɚɡ ɜɹɡ ɧɿ ɰɵ ȱɜɚɧɚȻɚɝɞɚɧɚɜɿɱ ɚɋɚɩɟɝɭɜɟɪɧ ɭ

ɬɚɝɚ ɰɹɩɟɪ ɞɚɥɚ ɫɤɿ  ɍɡ ɜɹɡ ɤɭ ɡɝ ɷɬ ɵɦ ɩɚɪ ɭɱɧ ɿɤɿɩɪɨɫɹɰɶɜɵɡɜɚɥɿ ɰɶ

ɿɯɡ ɩɚɪ ɭɤɿ ɿ ɜɹɪɧɭ ɰɶ ɩɚɪ ɭɱɧ ɵɥ ɿɫɬ Ƚɚɫɩɚɞ ɚɪ ɜɵɞ ɚɟ ɿɦ ɥɿ ɫɬɹɤɿɜɵ

ɡɜɚɥɹɟ ɿɯɡ ɩɚɪ ɭɤɿɿʆɿɦ ɩɿɲɚ© Ⱥɲɬ ɨɫɶ ɞɨɬɵɱɟɬ ɨɧɨɝ ɨɥɢ ɫɬɚ ɢɯ

193

ɩɨɪɭɱɧɨɝɨɦ ɵɧɚ ɬɨɬɱɚɫɜɫɤɚɪɛɟɧɚɲɟɦɟɝɨɧɟɦ ɟɥɢɞɥ ɹɩɪɭɞɤɨɝɨ

ɜɵɟɯɚɧɹɧɚɲɨɝɨɡɬɨɝɨɩɚɧɫɬɜ ɚɨɧɨɝɨɥɢɫɬɚɧɟɦ ɨɝɥ ɢɢɦ ɜ ɟɪɧɭɬɢ

ɚ ɜɟɞɠɟɡɚ ɬɵɦ ɥɢɫɬɨɦ  ɧɚɲɢ ɦ ɧɟɦ ɚɸɬɨɧ ɢɜ  ɬɨɦ  ɧɢɤɨ ɬɨɪɨ ɝɨ

ɩɪɟɧɚɝɚɛɚɧɹɧɚɫɟɛɟɦ ɟɬɢɛɨɯɨɬɹɛɵɬɨɬɥɢɫɬ ɧɚɩɨɬɨɦ ɛɵɥɢɦ

ɜɟɪɧɟɧɚɛɨɢɧɟɜɟɪɧɟɧɨɞɧɚɤɨɠ ɜɠɨɨɧɵɣɥ ɢɫɬɢɯɡɚɩɢɫɧɵɣɧɢɤɨ

ɬɨɪɨɟɦ ɨɰɵɩɪɨɬɢɜɤɨɧɢɯɦ ɟɬɢɧɟɦɚɟɬ«ɢɦ ɵɬɨɬɥɢɫɬɢɯɩɨ

ɪɭɱɧɵɣɧɚɲɢɦ ɥɢɫɬɨɦ ɜɦ ɨɪɚɟɦ ɢɜ ɧɢɜɟɱɨɛɨɪɨɱɚɟɦ ɧɚɜɟɱɧɵɱɚɫª

AGA D, KML. Nr 198, f. 31– 33 (152 2): «n eque se dei nceps ad

ei us de m ca us a co gn it io nem in ter memo ra ta s pa rt es q uo qu om od o

in trom ittere a udea tis non cura n [t e] litt eras nos tras qua squm que in

contrarium pro parte Luca datas et concessas, emendasque de cancellaria

nostra qu alibet in futurum certum habituri o mnia et singula p er vos in

con trar ium p raemi ssor um decreta et decer nenda nul lius robor is esse

foreque praesenti decreto nostro, accedente testimonio litterarum, quibus

si gill um n ostr um est subi mpen sum» >ɿ ʆɞ ɚɥɟɣɲɵɦɧɟɧɚɜɚɠɜɚɣɰɟɫɹ

ɹɤɿɦ ɤɨ ɥɟɱ ɵ ɱɵɧ ɚɦ ɭɬɪɭɱ ɚɰɰɚ ʆɪ ɚɫɫɥɟɞɚɜɚɧɧ ɟ ɝɷɬɚɟ ɫɚɦɚɟɫɩ ɪɚɜɵ

ɩɚɦ ɿɠ ɩ ɚɦɹɧɺɧ ɵɦɿ ɛɚɤɚɦɿ  ɧɟɡ ɜɚɠɚɸɱ ɵ ɧɚɥ ɸɛ ɵɹ ɧ ɚɲɵɹɥ ɿɫɬɵ

ɞɚɞɡɟɧɵɹɿɜɵɞɚɞɡɟɧɵɹɫɭ ɩɹɪ ɷɱɧɚʆ ɞɚɱ ɵɧɟɧɧɿ Ʌɭ ɤɿɚ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚɩɚɩ

ɪɚʆɤɿ ɡɧ ɚɲ ɚɣɤɚɧɰɵɥ ɹɪɵɿɹɤɿɹɜɵɧɚɩɷʆɧ ɚ ɛɭɞɡ ɟɰɟɦ ɟɰ ɶɭ ɛ ɭɞ ɭ

ɱɵɧɿ ɭ ɫɟɪ ɚɡɚɦ ɿɩ ɚɚɫɨɛ ɧɵɹɜɚɲ ɵɹɩɚɫɬɚɧɨ ɜɵɫɭɩ ɹɪɷɱɧɵɹɪɚɧɟɣ

ɲɵɦɧɟɦɚɸɰɶ ɿɧɟɛɭɞ ɭɰɶ ɦɟɰɶɦɨ ɰɵɡ ɝɨɞɧ ɚɡ ɝɷɬɚɣɧɚɲɚɸ ɩɚɫɬɚ

ɧɨ ɜɚɸ ɡɚɫɜɟɞɱ ɚɧɚɸ ɞɚɞ ɡɟɧɵɦɥ ɿɫɬɨɦ ɞ ɚ ɹɤɨ ɝɚɩɪ ɵɜɟɲɚɧɚɹɧ ɚɲɚɹ

ɩɹɱɚɬɤɚ .

Ibidem, f. 13 3.

Ibi dem, f. 65 (29 .III.15 23).

Ibidem. Nr 1 99, f. 320 :© ɋɬɚ ɪɰɨɦ ɢ ɜɫɢ ɦ ɦ ɭɠɟ ɦ ɜ ɨ ɥɨɫɬɢ

ɧɚɲ ɨɟɆɨɝ ɢɥɟɜɫɤɨɟɒɬ ɨɟɫɬɟɩɟɪɟɞɬɵɦ  ɡɞɚɜɧɚ ɞɚɢɜɚ ɥɢɬɵɜ ɭɧ

ɳɢ ɧɵ  ɤɨɩ ɝɪɨ ɲɟɣ ɲɵɪ ɨɤɢ ɯɬɨ ɦɭ ɤɨɦ ɭɟɫɦ ɨ ɧɚɜ ɚɫ ɜɵɞ ɚɜ ɚɥ ɢ

ɩɪɨɬɨɩɪɢɤɚɡɭɟɦ ɜ ɚɦ ɚɠɛɵɟɫɬɟ ɬɭɸɬɵɜɭɧɳɢɧɭɜɫɟɫɩɨɥɚɞɚɜɚɥ ɢ

ɞɨɫɤɚɪɛɭɧɚɲɨɝɨ«ɚɯɨɬɹɛɵɯɦ ɨɤɨɦ ɭɥɢɫɬɵɤɚɧɰɟɥɹɪɵɢɜɵɞɚɜ ɚɬɢ

ɤɚ ɡɚɥ ɢ ɧɚ ɬɭɸɬ ɢɜ ɭɧɳɢ ɧɭ ɢ ɜɵ ɛɵ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɬɨ ɧɢ ɤɨ ɦ ɭ ɧɚ ɬɚ ɤɨɜ ɵɟ

ɥɢɫɬɵɬ ɨɟɬɢɜɭɧɳɢɧɭɧɟɞɚɜɚɥ ɢ ɉɚɤɥɢɛɵɟɫɬɟɱɟɪɟɡɬɨɤɨ ɦ ɭɬɭɸ

ɬɢɜ ɭɧɳɢɧɭɞɚɥɢɯɨɬɹɧɚɥɢɫɬɧɚɲɬɨɝɞɵɦ ɵɤɚɠɟɦ ɧɚɜɚɫɞɪɭɝɭɸ

ɬɢɜ ɭɧɳɢ ɧɭ« ɩɪɚɜ ɢɬɢɨɬ ɵɦɛ ɵɟɫɬɟɜ ɟɞɚɥ ɢɢ ɬɨɬ ɥ ɢɫɬ ɧɚɲ ɜ

ɫɟɛɟɯɨ ɜɚɥɢª

Ibidem. N r 1 95, f. 1018 n.: ©«ɢɫɟɤɪɟɬɚɪ ɶɧɚ ɲɩ ɟɪɟɞɧɚ ɦ ɢ

ɩɨ ɜ ɟɞ ɢɥ  ɲɬɨ ɠɬ ɵɟ ɥɢɫɬɵɤɭɩɱɵɢ ɜɧ ɟɝɨ ɜɤɚɧɰ ɟɥɹ ɪɵɢ ɡɝɢ ɧɭɥ ɢ

ɢɧɨ«ɦ ɵɧɚɬɨɞɚɥɢɟɦ ɭ ɫɟɫɧɚɲɥ ɢɫɬɜ ɵɡɧɚɧɵɣ«ª

Ib idem. Nr 197, f. 4 92.

ɊɂȻ;;1UNROU ɿQUNROU

©ɦ ɚ ɪɲɚɥɨ ɤɢɫɟɤɪɟɬ ɚɪɶ ɧɚɦ ɟɫɬɧɢɤɜɢɬɟɛɫɤɢɣ ɢɛɪ ɚɫɥɚɜ ɫɤɢɣ ɩɚɧ

ɂɜɚɧ ɋɚɩɟɝ ɚªɌɚɦɫɚɦɚ1U± NRO  QU ©ɒɬɨ

ɝɨ ɫɩɨɞ ɚɪɟɝɨɦ ɢɥɨɫɬɶɞ ɚɥɩ ɪɚɧɭȻɨɝ ɭɲɨɜ ɢȻɨ ɝɨɜ ɢ ɬɢɧɨ ɜɢɱɭɩɨ ɞ

ɫɤɚɪɛ ɟɦ ɭɡɟɦ ɫɤɟɦ ɭɦ ɚɪ ɲɚɥɤɭɢɩ ɢɫɚɪɭɟɝɨ ɦ ɢɥ ɨɫɬɢ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɰ ɵɤɚ

ɦ ɟɧɟɰɤɨɦ ɭ«ªɉɚɪɚʆɧɌɚɦɫɚɦɚ;;1U± NRO U

Ⱥɛɩ ɪɚɤɬɵɰɵ ɥɿɬɨʆɫɤɚ ɣɤɚɧɰɵɥ ɹɪɵɿ

194

ɘɥɿ ɭɲȻɚɪ ɞɚɯ

1522): ©Ʉɨɩ ɨɬɶȼɚɫɶɤɨɜɢɱ ɦɚɪɲɚɥɨ ɤɢɩɢɫɚɪªȺɩ ɪɚɱɚɬɚɝɨɺɧɛɵʆ

ɹɲɱ ɷ ɧɚɦɟɫɧ ɿɤɚɦ  ɿ  ɞ ɡɹɪɠ ɚʆɰɚɦ ɠɵɡɦ ɨɪ ɫɤɿɦ  ɿ  ɩ ɟɪ ɚɜɚɥ ɶɫɤɿ ɦ

(ʀ\]P RUVNLP LSHU HZDOVN LPɬɚɦɫɚɦ ɚ

Ƚɥ ɡɚʆɜ 

ɊɂȻ ;;1U NRO 9 U

J. Wol ff. Senat oro wie i dyg nit arz e W . Ks. Lit ews kiego 138 6–

179 5. Wars zawa,  6 Ɍɚɦɫɚɦɚ ɡɜɨ ɞɤɚɩ ɿɫɚɪɚʆɡɚɩɚɧɚɜɚɧ ɧɟ

ɀɵɝɿɦɨ ɧɬɚ ,ɿ ɫɭɦɹɲɱɚɧɵɯɿ ɦɿ ɩɚɫɚɞɚʆ ɋ  ± 

ɂɆɚɥ ɢɧɨɜɫɤɢɣɊɚɞ ɚɑȼɵɩ ɋ ± 

Ƚɥɩ ɪɚɿɯ ɋɉ ɬɚɲ ɢɰɤɢɣɈɩ ɢɫɚɧ ɢɟɋ  Ɇ Ʌɸɛɚɜɫɤɢɣ

RSFLW 6 ±ɚɫɚɛɥ ɿɜɚɡ ɚʆɜ 

Ɂ ɞɚɪɚɥɚɫɹ ɲɬɨ © ɩ ɪɚɜɿ ɥɿ ª  ɧɚɜɚɬ ɧɚɣɜɵɲɷɣ ɲɵɹ ɫɚɧɨ ʆɧɿɤɿ

ɇɚɩ ɪ ɂɆɚɥɢɧɨɜɫɤɢɣɋɛɨ ɪɧɢɤɦɚɬ ɟɪɢɚ ɥɨɜ ɤɢɫɬɨɪɢ ɢɊɚ ɞɵȼ ɟ

ɥɢɤɚɝ ɨɄɧɹɠɟɫɬɜɚɅɢɬɨ ɜɫɤɚɝɨ Ⱦɨɩɨɥɧɟɧ ɢɟɌɨɦɫɤ1U6

©ɩ ɪɚ ɜ ɢ ɥ  əɧ  ɛ ɢɫɤɭɩ ɜɢ ɥɟɧɫɤɢ ɣª ; Arch . Sang ., III. Nr 2 29 , S. 2 0

(15 .III.1522): ©ɩɪ ɚɜɢɥ  ɩɚɧ ɜɢɥɟɧ ɶɫɤɢɣ ɝɟɬɦ ɚɧɤɧɹɡ ɶɄɨ ɧɫɬɚɧ ɬɵɧ

ɂɜɚ ɧɨɜ ɢɱɈɫɬɪ ɨɡɫɤɢɣ ɩɚɧ Ɉɥɶɛ ɪɚɯɬ Ɇɚɪɬɵɧɨɜɢɱ Ƚɚɲɬɨ ɥ ɞɜ ɨɟ

ɜɨɞɚɬɪ ɨɰɤɢɣª; Arch. Sang., III. N r 234, s . 225 (1 0.IV.152 2): ©ɩɪɚ ɜ ɢɥ

ɦ ɚɪɲɚɥɟɤɞɜ ɨɪɧɵɣɫɬɚɪɨɫɬɚɛɟɪɟɫɬɟɣɫɤɢɣɤɨɜɟɧɫɤɢɣ ɥ ɢɞɫɤɢɣɩɚɧ

ɘɪɢɣɂ ɜɚɧɨɜ ɢɱɂɥ ɢ ɧɢɱɚªɍ ɚɛɨɞɜɭ ɯɚɩɨɲɧɿɯɜɵɩɚɞɤɚɯɩ ɨɛɚɱɮ ɿɝɭ

ɪɭ ɟɩ ɨɞɩɿ ɫɩ ɿɫɚɪɚ Ȼɨɝɭ ɲɚ Ȼɚɝɚɬɵɜɿɧɚɜɿɱ ɚ

Ɋ ɂȻ ;; 1U NRO   © Ȼɨ ɝɭɲɨ ɜɚ ɫɩɪɚɜɚª ɉɚɪɚʆɧ 

AGAD, KML. Nr 198, f. 155 n.:©ɥɢɫɬɫɩɪɚɜ ɵɩɢɫɚɪɫɤɨɟªɿɲɦɚɬɿɧɲɵɯ

ɉɚɪɚʆɧɆɅɸɛɚɜɫɤɢɣRSFLW 6 ɿɇȻɟɪɟɠɤɨɜRSFLW 6 Q

ɊɂȻ;;1UNRO ©Ⱦɹɤɝɨ ɫɩɨɞɚɪɫɤɢɣɎɪ ɚɧɬɢɲɟɤ

ɆɟɪɥɹªɝɌɚɦɫɚɦɚ 1UNRO©ɞɜɨɪ ɚɧɢɧɧɚɲ Ɏɪɚɧ

ɬɢɲ ɟɤɆ ɟɪɥɹ ª  ɝȱɧɲɵɹɜɹɞɨɦ ɵɹɧ ɚɦɝ ɚɫɩɚɞɚɪɫɤɿɹ ɞɡɹɤɿɬ ɚ

ɤɿɹɹɤȱɝɧɚɬɆɿɤɿɰɿɧ Ihna t Miki tinɌɚɦɫɚɦɚ 1U  NRO ɿ 

1UNRO±ɿȼɚɫɶɤɚɉ ɹɬɪɨɜɿɱ:DĞNR3HWURZLF]Ɍɚɦɫɚɦɚ

1U  NRO ± ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɸɰɶɹɤɚɬɪ ɵɦɚɥɶɧɿɤɿ ɡɹɦɟɥɶɧɵɯɧɚɞ ɚɧ

ɧɹʆ ɡɩɚɞ ɞɚɧ ɵɦ ɧɚɫɟɥ ɶɧɿɰɬ ɜɚɦ

Ƚɥɡ ɜɨɞɤɭɞɡ ɹɤɨ ʆɿ ɹʆɧɵɯɩɿ ɫɚɪɚʆ -:ROIIRS FLW6  Q

AGAD, KML. Nr 198, f. 155 n. (27 I 1524 r.)

ɋɚɡɜɨɞɤɿJ. Wolff. Sen atoro wie i dyg nitar ze. 6  ɦɨɠɧ ɚɡ

ɩɷ ʆɧ ɵɦ ɩ ɪɚʆɞ ɚɩɚɞ ɚɛ ɟɧɫɬɜɚɦ ɡɪ ɚɛ ɿɰ ɶ ɜɵɫɧɨɜɭɲ ɬɨ ɝ ɷɬɚ ɦɨ ɝ ɛɵɰɶ

Ɇɿɯɚɥȼɚɫɿɥɟɜɿɱɋɜɿɧɸɫɤɿ0LFKDá : DVLOHZLF]6ZL QLXVNLɹɤɿɛɵʆɩ ɿɫɚ

ɪɚɦ ɭ   ±   ɝɝɩ ɚɫɥɹɱ ɚɝ ɨ ɡɧɿɤɧɚ ɞɡ ɟɫɹɰ ɶ ɝɚɞɨ ʆ ɤɚɛ ɡ ɧɨ ʆ

ɡ¶ɹɜɿɰɰɚɹɤɩɿɫɚɪ ɭ ± ɝɝ

əɟʆɡɨ ɪɛɵʆɚɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɜɚɧɵʆ ɜɵɞȺɤɬɵɥ ɢɬɨ ɜ ɫɤɨ ɪɭɫɫɤɚ ɝɨ

ɝɨ ɫɭɞɚ ɪɫɬɜ ɚ  ;,9±; 9,ɫɬ ɂɡ ɞɆȾɨ ɜɧɚɪ Ɂ ɚɩɨɥ ɶɫɤɢɣȼɵɩ 

Ɇɨ ɫɤɜɚ  ʋ  ɋ  ²ɛɟɡ ɞɚɬɵɫɹɪ ɨɞ ɚɤɬɚʆ  ɝɩ ɚɞ

ɬɵɬɭɥɚɦ©ɉɪɵɫɹɝɚɩ ɢɫɚɪɫɤɚɹª

Ɍɚɤɭ ɸɡ ɞɚɝ ɚɞɤɭɩ ɚɞɤɚɡɜɚɟ ɚɞɤɚɡ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪ ɚɧ ɚɛ ɟɪɚɫɰɟɣɫɤɿɦ

ɫɨ ɣɦɟ ɝ ɞɡɟɺɧɚɛ ɹɰɚɟʆɫɬɚɥ ɹɜɚɰɶ ɬɚɤɫɭ ɚɩɥ ɚɬɚʆɭ ɜɹɥ ɿɤɚɤɧɹɫ

ɤɚɣɤɚɧɰɵɥɹɪɵɿ ɤɚɥɿ ©ɩ ɢɫɚ ɪɚ ɩɪ ɢɫɹ ɠɧɨ ɝɨ ɤɚ ɠɟɬ ɩɨ ɫɬɚ ɧɨ ɜɢɬ ɢª

195

(']L Dá6 ɐɿ ɚɡɧɚɱ ɚɟɝɷɬɚɲ ɬɨɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɝ ɚɱɚɫɭɩɿɫɚɪɫɤɚɟɩɪɵɫɹɝɿ

ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɰɿ ɝɚɜɨɪɤɚɿɞɡ ɟɚɛ ɬɵɦɤɚɛɡɚɜɟɫɰɿɚɞ ɦɵɫɥ ɨɜɚɝɚɱɵɧɨʆɧɿɤɚ

ɩɚɞ ɝɷɬɚɸ ɧɚɡɜɚɣ "ɇ ɚ ɝɷɬɚɟɩɵɬɚɧɧɟɦ ɵ ɩɚɤɭɥ ɶɲɬɨ ɚɞ ɤɚɡɚɰɶ ɧɹɡ

ɞɚɬɧɵɹ

Ⱥɤɬɵɥ ɢɬɨ ɜ ɫɤɨɪɭɫɫɤɚɝɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚ ɪɫɬɜ ɚ ȼɵɩ     , 1U

156, s. 177: ©ə«ɩɪɵɫɹ ɝɚɸɦ ɢɥɨɦ ɭȻɨɝɭ ɢɉɚɧɧɟɆɚɪɵɢɢ ɜɫɟɦ ɫɜ ɹ

ɬɵɦɢɠ«ɠɚɞɧɵɯɥ ɢɫɬɨɜ ɧɟɦ ɚɸɩɢɫɚɬɢɛɟɡɪɨɡɤɚɡɚɧɶɹɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪ

ɫɤɨɝ ɨɚɛɨɤɚɧɰɥɟɪɫɤɨɝɨɚɧ ɚɢɧɧɵɯ ɠɚɞɧɵɯɪ ɨɡɤɚɡɚɧɶɟɧɟɦ ɚɸɩɢ

ɫɚ ɬɢªɉɚɪɚʆɧ ɆɅɸɛɚɜɫɤɢɣɅɢ ɬɨɜɫɤɨɪ ɭɫɫɤɢɣ ɫɟɣɦ ɋ  

ɉɚɪɚʆɧL. Kolank owski. Polska Jag iellonow. Warszaw a, 1936.

S. 272.

 ɇ Ȼɟɪ ɟɠ ɤɨ ɜR SFLW  6   Q ɩɪ ɵɦ ɚɟɥ ɿɩɟɧ ɶ ɝ    ²

ɡɚɧɹɰɰɺ Ƚɚɲɬɨɥɞɚɦ ɤɚɧɰɥɟɪɫɤɚɟɩɚɫɚɞɵ²ɡ ɚɞɚɬɭad quemɭ ɞɚɫɥ ɟ

ɞɚɜɚɧɧɿ ɩɟɪɲɚɝɚɩɟɪɵɹɞɭ ɝɿ ɫɬɨɪɵɿ ɅɿɬɨʆɫɤɚɟɆɟɬɪ ɵɤɿ

J. Wol ff, op. cit. S. 2 63.

Ɍɚɦ ɫɚɦɚ ɞ ɡɟɚɞɧ ɚɤɩɚɦɵɥɤɨɜɚɩɚɞ ɚɟɰ ɰɚ ɲɬɨ ɺɧɮɿɝ ɭɪ ɭɟ

ɞɚ  ɝɚɩɚɦɺɪɭ   ɝɤɚɥ ɿɬ ɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɹɲɱɷ ʆ  ɝ ɉɚɜɟɥ

ɇɚɪɭ ɲɷɜɿɱ ɩ ɚɞ ɩɿɫɜɚɟ ɥɿɫɬɵ ɲɬɨ ɜɵɯɨ ɞɡ ɹɰɶɡ ɝ ɚɫɩɚɞ ɚɪ ɫɤɚɟ ɤɚɧɰɵ

ɥɹɪ ɵɿɩɚɞ ɱɚɫɫɨ ɣɦɭʆȻɟɪɚɫɰɿ$UFK6DQJ ,91U  

s. 391–397).

AGAD, KML. Nr 199, f. 84.

ɌɚɦɫɚɦɚȽɚɫɩɚɞ ɚɪ©ɱɨɦ ɭɠɫɹɜ ɟɥ ɶɤɨɞɢ ɜɭɟɦ ɢ ɠɬɵɨ ɥɢɫ

ɬɵɢɨɩɪɵɤɚɡɚɧɟɧɚɲɟɧɢɱɨɝɨɧɟɞ ɛɚɟɲɚɬɨɝɨɩɪɵɜɢɥɢ ɹɚɧɢɞɨɯɨ

ɞɭɤɚɧɰɥɟɪɢ ɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɟɝɨɦ ɢ ɥɨɫɬɢɧ ɟɨɬɞɚɥ ɩɪɨɬ ɨɢɬɵɦ ɢɪɚɡɵɩɨ

ɫɥɚɥɢɟɫɦ ɨɞɨɬɟɛɟɞɜɨɪɹɧɢɧɚɧɚɲɨɝɨ²ɢɫɥɨɜɨɦ ɤɚɡɚɥɢɟɫɦɨɟɦ ɭ

ɨɬɧɚɫɬɨɛɟɨɬɨɦ ɦɨɜ ɢɬɢ«ɚɢɧɚɤɨɛɵɟɫɢɬɨɝɨɧɟɜ ɱɵɧɢɥ«ɬɨɝɞɵ

ɜɟɞɚɣɩɟɜ ɧɨɢɠɞɚɥɟɣɬɨɝɨɬɟɪɩɟɬɢɧɟɛɭɞɟɦɢɤɚɠɟɦ ɬɨɦɭɞɜɨɪɹ

ɧɢɧɭɧɚɲɨɦ ɭɜɬɨ ɦɞɨɯɨ ɞɟɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨ ɟɢɦ ɟɧ ɟɬɜɨɟɭɜ ɹɡɚ ɬɢɢɞ ɟɪ

ɠɚɬɢɞɨɬɵɯɱɚɫɨɜɩɨɤɢɞɨɯɨɞɟɝɨɦɢɥɨɫɬɢɤɚɧɰɥ ɟɪɵɣɫɤɢɨɬɬɨɝɨ

ɩɪɢɜ ɢɥɢɹɡ ɚɩɥɚɬɢɲª

Ɍɚɦɫɚɦɚɋ ɧȽɷɬɵɥ ɿɫɬɰɵɬɭɟ Ɇ Ʌɸɛ ɚʆɫɤɿ RSFLW  6

 ɚɥɟɩɚɦɵɥɤɨɜɚɩɚɞɚɟɲɬɨɺɧ ɡɧɚɯɨ ɞɡɿɰɰ ɚʆɄɧɿɡɟ Ɂɚɩɿɫɚʆʋ 

ɚ ɬɵɦ ɱɚɫɚɦ ɺɧɭ Ʉɧ ɿɡɟʋ 

$ *$ ' .0/ 1U I  Qəɤɩɿɲɚɝɚɫɩ ɚɞ ɚɪɫɬɚɪ ɚɫɬɚ

ɰɜɟɪɞɡɿɰ ɶɲɬɨ©ɬɵɟɥɢɫɬɵɩ ɢɫɚɪɧɚɲ ɛɟɡɜɨɥ ɢɧɚɲɨɟ ɟɦ ɭ>ɡɚɰɿ ɤɚʆ

ɥɟɧɚɦɭ@ɞɚɜ ɚɥ ª

Ib idem; ©ɂ ɧɨ ɩɨɜɟɞɚɟɦɬ ɨɛɟɢɠɦ ɵɬɚɤɨɜɵɯɩ ɢɫɚɪ ɟɣ ɧɟ

ɦ ɚɟɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɢɛɵ ɛɟɡɜ ɨɥɢɢɪɨɡɤɚɡɚɧɹɧɚɲɨɝɨɥɢ ɫɬɵɧɚɲɢɩɢɫɚɥɢ

ɢɫɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɥ ɢɚɤɬɨɦ ɭɩɟɱɚɬɶɧ ɚɲɚȼɟɥɢɤɨɝɨɄɧɹɫɬɜɚɅɢɬɨɜ ɫɤɨɝɨ

ɡɚ ɤɥɸɱɨɦ ɧɚɲɵɦ ɜ ɡ ɚɯɨɜɚɧ ɢɟɫɬ ɚɤɨɠɞɵɩ ɢɫɚɪ ɧɚɲɫɩɪɚɜ ɭɟɬɢ

ɩɢɲɟɬ ɧɚɠɚɥɨ ɛɭɩɨɞɞɚɧ ɵɯɧɚɲɢɯɜ ɨɞɥɟɪ ɨɡɤɚɡɚɧɹ ɧɚɲɨɝɨɝ ɨɫɩɨ

ɞɚɪɫɤɨɝɨª

Ibi dem. Nr 202, f. 243 n . (Krak ów, 27 .I.153 2).

BA, II. Nr 72, S. 49: ©ɂɠɟɞɚɥɢ>ɨɬ@ɧɚɫ>ɜ ɨɟɜɨɞɵ@ɜ ɥɚɞɵɤɚ

ɟɝɨ ɦɢɥɨ ɫɬɤɧɹɡɢ ɢɫɨ ɜɫɢɦ ɢ ɩɚɧ ɵɛɨ ɹɪɵɜ ɢɬɟɛɫɤɢɦɢ ɢɦ ɟɳ ɚɧɵ

Ⱥɛɩ ɪɚɤɬɵɰɵ ɥɿɬɨʆɫɤɚ ɣɤɚɧɰɵɥ ɹɪɵɿ

196

ɘɥɿ ɭɲȻɚɪ ɞɚɯ

ɦ ɟɫɬɚȼɢɬɟɛɫɤɚɚɛɵɯɦ ɨɞɨɡɜɨɥ ɢɥɢɢɤɚɡɚɥɢɢɦ ɬɭɸɭɫɬɚɜ ɭɢɭɯɜ ɚ

ɥɭɢɯ«ɜɤɧɢɝɢɧ ɢɲɢɜ ɩɢɫɚɬɢɢɦ ɵ«ɬɭɸɭɯɜɚɥɭ ɧɚɲɭɩɨɫɩɨɥɢɬɭɸ

ɤɚɡɚɥɢɟɫɦ ɨɢɯɠɟɛɪɚɬɭɥ ɨɜɱɨɦɭɜ ɢɬɟɛɫɤɨɦ ɭ«ɜɤɧɢɝɢɧɚɲɢɫɜɨɟɸ

ɪɭɤɨɸɜ ɩɢɫɚ ɬɢ ɤɨɬɨ ɪɭɸ ɨɧɫɜ ɨɟɸɪɭɤɨɸɜ ɩɢɫɚ ɥª

ɇɚɩɪ$UFK6DQJ,,,1U  VQɫɚɤɚɜɿɤ

ɿ ɤɪ ɚɫɚɜɿɤ    ɉɚɪɚʆɧ ɬɚɦ ɫɚɦɚ ɆɅɸɛɚɜɫɤɢɣRS  FL W6  

ɞɡ ɟɛ ɚɝɚɬ ɚɩ ɪɵɤɥɚɞ ɚʆ ɡɚʆɜ  

$*$'.0/1UIQ,;Ƚɚɫɩɚɞɚɪɫɰɜɹɪɞɠɚɟ

ɲɬɨ©ɦ ɵɡɩɚɧɵɪɚɞɚɦ ɢɧɚɲɵɦ ɢɬɚɤɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥ ɢɟɫɬɥɢɤɨɦ ɭɞɨɡɜɨ

ɥɢɦ ɨ ɡɟɦ ɥɢɭɲɥ ɹɯɬɵɤɭɩɢɬ ɢɬɨɦ ɭɥɢ ɫɬɧɚɲɞɨɡ ɜ ɨɥɟɧɵɞɚɟɦ ɛɟɡ

ɩɨɞ ɩɢɫɭɪɭɤɢɧɚɲ ɨɟ ɢɟɫɬɥ ɢ ɬɟɠɞ ɨɡɜɨ ɥɢɦ ɨ ɭɥɸɞɟɣ ɧɚɲɢ ɯɚ ɧɟ

ɲɥ ɹɯɬɵɡɟɦ ɥɢɤɭɩɢɬ ɢɜɬɨɦ ɥɢɫɬɟɩɨɞɩɢɫɪɭɤɢɧɚɲɨɟɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪɫ

ɤɨ ɟɦ ɚɟɬ ɛɵɬɢɚ ɜɤɨɬɨ ɪɨɦ ɥɢ ɫɬɟɧɚ ɲɨɦ ɟɫɬɥɢ ɧɟɛɭɞɟɬ ɪɭɤɢ

ɧɚɲɨɟɬɨɧɟɦ ɚɟɬɛɵɬɢɞɟɪɠɚɧɨɢɬɚɤɨɜɵɧɟɦ ɚɸɬɡɟɦ ɥɶɭɥɸɞɟɣ

ɧɚɲɢɯɛɟɡɬɚɤɨɜɨɝɨɡɟɡɜɨɥ ɟɧɹɧɚɲɨɝɨɤɭɩɨɜ ɚɬɢª

ɆɅɸɛɚɜɫɤɢɣ RS FLW 6  . .ɚɪɚɧɵɣɭɰ ɵɬɚɜɚɧɚɣɜɵ

ɲɷɣɪ ɷɰɷɧɡ ɿɿ 6ħ 9,,V   ɡ ɜɹɪ ɧɭʆɭɜɚɝ ɭ ɲɬɨ ʆ ɉɨɥ ɶɲɱɵ ɧɚɡ ɜɚ

ɧɚɝɪɨ ɲɵUHZHU VXSLHQLĊĪ QHJR) (Glogerȼɨɫɶɠɚɥɿɬɨʆɫɤɚɹɤɚɧɰɵɥɹ

ɪɵɹɦɟɥɚɫɜɚɟɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɚɫɰɿ ²ɭɬ ɵɦɥɿ ɤɭɿ ʆɫɮ ɟɪɵɬɷɪɦɿ ɧɚɥɨɝ ɿɿ

$UFK6DQJ9,1UV Q  ; ɏɚɪɚɤɬɷɪɧɚɚɪ ɝɭ

ɦɟɧɬɚɰɵɹɝ ɷɬ ɵɯ ɜɵɫɥɚɧɧɿ ɤɚʆɀɵɝɿ ɦɨ ɧɬɚȺ ʆɝɭ ɫɬɚɧ ɚɤɨ ɧɬɡɝ ɨɞɧ ɚɫɰɿ

ɝɷɬɵɯɥ ɿɫɬɨ ʆɡ ɡɚɤɨ ɧɚɦ ©Ɍɵɟɥ ɢɫɬ ɵɡ ɤɚɧ ɰɥɹ ɪɟɢ ɛɟɡ ɜ ɟɞɨɦ ɨɫɬɢ ɢ

ɪɨɡɤɚɡɚɧɹɟɝɨɤɪɨɥɟɜɫɤɨɣɦ ɢɥ ɨɫɬɢɧɟɩɨɞɥɭɝɩɨɫɬɭɩɤɭɩɪɚɜɚɜɵɞɚɜɚ

ɧɵɚɧɢɩɢɫɚɧɵɛɵɬɶɧɟɦɨɝɥɢɝɞɵɠɜɥɚɫɬɢɜɭɸɪɭɤɨɸɟɝɨɤɪɨɥɟɜɫɤɚ

ɫɢɥɨɫɬ ɶɬɵɟɥɢɫɬɵ ɩɨɞɩɢɫɚɬɶɪ ɚɱɵɥª

$UFK6DQJ,91UVQ9, ɚɧ ɭɥɸɸɱɵɜɵɪɚɤ

ɤɚɦ ɿɫɚɪɫɤɚɝɚɫɭɞɭ ɤɚɦɿɫɚɪɩɿ ɲɚɋɚɩɨɰɶɤɭ ©ɂ ɩɢɫɚɪ ɧɚɲ«ɩɨɜ ɟɞɢɥ

ɩɟɪɟɞɧɚɦ ɢɲɬɨɠ ɞɟɣɬɵɩɪɢɧɟɫɤɧɟɦ ɭɦ ɢɧɭɬɭɧ ɚɤɨɬɨɪɟɣɨɩɢɫɚ

ɧɚɛɵɥɚɪɟɱɨɧɨɝɨɩɪɚɜ ɚɜɚɲɨɝɨɢɦɨɜɢɥɟɫɢɟɦ ɭɢɠɛɵɬɚɹɦ ɢɧɭɬɚ

ɨɬɤɧɹɡɹȻɪɚɧɟɰɤɨɝɨ>ɤɚɦɹɧɟɰɤɚɝɚɛɿɫɤɭɩɚ@ɬɨɛ ɟɛɵɥ ɚɞ ɚɧɚɹɤɨ ɛɵ

ɨɧɫɚɦ ɤɚɡɚɥ ɬɨɜɵɩɢɫɚɬɢ«ɢɜɬɨɬɠɟɛɵɫɩɨɫɨɛɩɨɞɥ ɟɨɧɟɟɦ ɢɧɭ

ɬɵɤɨ ɦ ɢɫɟɹɬɨɛɟɛɵɥɚɫɩɪɚ ɜ ɥ ɟɧɚɢɨɧ ɞɟɣɬɨɟɦ ɢɧɭɬɵɨɝɥɟɞɚɜɲɢ

ɜɨɞɥɟɩɨ ɜ ɟɫɬɢɬɜɨɟɣɤɚɡ ɚɥ ɨɧɭɸɤɨɦ ɢɫɟɸɩɨɬɨɦ ɭɬɨɛɟɫɩɪɚɜɢɬɢ

ɤɨɬɨɪ ɭɸɠɞɟɣ ɦ ɢɧɭɬɭɢ ɬɟɩɟɪɨ ɧɭɫɟɛɟɫɯɨɜɚɧɭ ɦ ɚɟɬɲɬ ɨɠɦɵ

ɨɛɚɱɵɥɢ ɢɠɬɵɧɟɫɥ ɭɲɧɟɚɨɦ ɵɥɶɧɟɬɭɸɤɨɦ ɢ ɫɟɸɩɨɜɟɫɬɶɸɫɜ ɨɟɸ

ɜɵɩɪɚɜ ɢɥɚɧɟɞɨɛɪɟɢɧɟɫɩɪɚɜɧɟɟɟɨɞɟɪɠɚɥɬɚɤɹɤɨɬɵɫɚɦ ɩɨɜɟ

ɞɚɥɢɹɤɨɬɟɠɦ ɢɧɭɬɭɢɦ ɟɧɟɦ ɤɧɹɡɹȻɪɚɧɟɰɤɨɝɨɩɢɫɚɪɭɧɚɲɨɦ ɭɞɚɥ

ɜɱɨ ɦ ɠɟɟɫɬ ɫɚɦ ɫɨ ɛɟɨɦ ɵɥ ɭɭɱɢɧɢɥ «ɢɠɯɨ ɬɟɥ ɜɵɦ ɵɫɥɨɦ ɫɜ ɨɢɦ

ɢɧɚɱɟɣɬɨɝɨɜɠɢɬɢɱɟɝɨɧɚɨɧɨɦ ɩɪɚɜ ɟɧɟɛɵɥɨª

ɊɂȻ ;;1U NRO , ©ɂɧɨ ɦ ɵɜɛɚɱɢ ɥɢɧɚ

ɬɨɦ ɥɢɫɬɟɲɬɨɠɬɨɬɥɢɫɬɧɟɟɫɬɩɪɚɜ ɵɨɬɰɚɧɚɲɨɝɨ«Ɍɨɬɥ ɢɫɬ

ɟɫɦ ɨɧɚɫɬɨɪɨɧɭɨɬɥɨɠɢɥɢª

$*$'.0/1UI±,,,ȼɵɪɚɤɫɥɭɠɵʆɩɚɰɜɟɪ

ɞɠɚɧɧɟɦɩɚɩɹɪɷɞɧɹɝɚɜɵɪɚɤɭɜɵɞɚɞɡɟɧɚɝɚɫɭɞɨɦɜɿɥɟɧɫɤɚɝɚɜɚɹɜɨɞɵ

197

ȺȼɄ;9,,1U V Q

ɊɂȻ;; 1U NRO Q ;,ɩɚɞɪ ɨɛɤɚɞɚʆɝɚ

ɜɨɣɪɚɫɩɿɫɤɿVNU\SWXG áXĪQHJR); ks. 3 . Nr 138, kol. 1451 n. (28.V.1520):

ɩɚɞɪɨ ɛɤɚɚɤɬɭ ɹɞɧɚɧɧɹɩɚɦɿɠ ɤɧɹɡ ɟɦ ȱɜɚɧɚɦɉ ɚɥɭ ɛɟɧɫɤɿ ɦɿ ɤɧɹɡ ɟɦ

ɐɿɦɚɮɟɟɦɉ ɭɡɵɧɚɦ ,ZD QHP3R áXELHĔVNLP7LPR ILHMHP3X]\Qą).

 ȼɵɫɧ ɨɜɭ ɬɚɤɭ ɸ ɦɵ ɦɨ ɠɚɦ ɡɪ ɚɛ ɿɰɶ ɡ ɡ ɚɩ ɿɫɤɿ  ɞɚɬɚɜɚɧɚɣ

; $* $'.0/1W  I Q Ɂ ɚɩ ɚɞ ɪɨɛ ɤɭ ɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪ ɫɤɿɯ

ɧɵʆ © ɤɚɡɧ ɶª  ɿɦ ɭɫɿ ʆ ɛɵɰɶ© ɫɤɚɪɚɧɵª ɝɚɫɩɚɞɚɪɨɦ ɚɥɟ ɧɚ ɩɪ ɨɫɶɛɭ

ɧɚɞɜɨɪ ɧɚɝ ɚ ɦɚɪɲɚɥɤɚɘɪɵɹ ȱɥɿ ɧɿ ɱɚɝɚɫɩ ɚɞ ɚɪ ɡɚɦɹɧɿʆɹɦɭ ɤɚɪɭ ²

ɜɿɞɚɜɨɱɧɚɤɚɪɭ ɫɦɟɪɰɿ²ɧɚɧɹɜɨɥ ɸ©ɢ ɧɨɤɨɥɢɬ ɨɬɱɟɥ ɨɜɟɤɬɚ ɤɨ

ɜɵɜɵɫɬɭɩɜ ɱɢɧɢɥɬɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ«ɢɡɡɟɦ ɥɟɸɟɝɨ«ɩɚɧɭ ɘɪɢɸɟɝɨ

ɦ ɢɥɨɫɬɢɞɚɥɢª

3  , ɜɟɥɶɦɿ ɥɚɤɚɧɿ ɱɧɵ ɞɡɟɝ ɚɜɨ ɪɤɚ ɜɹɞ ɡɟɰɰɚɬɨɥ ɶɤɿ ɩɪɚ

ɩɚɞɪɨɛ ɧɿɤɚʆɝɚɫɩɚɞ ɚɪɫɤɿɯɩ ɹɱɚɬɤɿɿ © ɥ ɿɫɬɨ ʆª  ɇɟɜɵɩɚɞ ɚɟ ɚɞɧɚɤɞ ɚ

ɩɭɫɰɿ ɰɶ ɛɵɰɰɚɦ ɩ ɚɞ ɪɨ ɛɤɚ ɿɧ ɲɵɯ ɚɮ ɿɰɵɣ ɧɵɯ ɿ ɩɪ ɵɜɚɬɧɵɯ ɞɚɤɭ 

ɦɟɧɬɚʆ ɧɟɩ ɚɞɥ ɹɝɚɥɚɤɚɪɵ Ɍɭ ɬɭ ɡ ɚɤɨ ɧɟɜɵɪɚɡɧ ɚɹ ɞɡ ɿɪɤɚɡ ɚɩɨ ʆɧɟ

ɧɚɹʆ ɝ

D I, 12.

BA, II. Nr 70 , s. 46 n. (Wi tebs k, 1.I.1 531): ©ɂ ɦ ɵ«ɡ ɨɛɚɱɢɥɢ

ɟɫɦ ɨ ɢɠɥ ɢɫɬɮɚɥɲɢɜ ɵɣɩɟɱɚɬɶɨɬɰ ɚɧɚɲɨɝ ɨɧɟɫɥ ɭɲɧɟɩɪɢɥ ɨɠɟ

ɧɚª

ɊɂȻ;;1UNR O©ɥɢɫɬ« ɧɟɩɨɞɥɭɝɛɟɝɭ ɤɚɧɰɟɥ ɚ

ɪɟɢɫɤɨɝɨɩ ɢɫɚɧɢ ɧɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɞɨ ɩɟɱɚɬɚ ɧª

ȺȼɄ;9,,1UV Q ;,, ɍɫɩ ɪɚɜɟɚɛɚʆɬɷɧ

ɬɵɱɧɚɫɰɿ ɧ ɟɡ ɚɩ ɹɱ ɚɬɚɧɚɝ ɚ ɥɿ ɫɬ ɚ ɝɚɪ ɚɞ ɡɟɧɫɤɿ ɡ ɟɦ ɫɤɿ ɫɭ ɞɞ ɡɹɫɰɜɹɪ ɞ

ɠɚɟɲɬɨ©ɠɚɞɧ ɵɦ ɥɢɫɬɨ ɦɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɤɨɥɶɜɟɤɛɟɡɩɟɱɚ ɬɢɧɢɧɚ ɤɨɝɨ

ɮɚɥɲɟɪɫɬɜɚɠɚɞɧ ɨɝɨɩɟɪɟɜɟɫɬɢɧɟɦ ɨɠɟɬɛɨɜ ɩ ɟɱɚɬɟɯɮɚɥ ɶɲɟɪ

ɫɬ ɜ ɨ ɡɚɥɟɠɢɬ ª Ƚɷɬɚɹɮɚɪɦɭ ɥɺʆɤɚɜɟɥɶɦ ɿɧ ɚɝɚɞɜɚɟ ɜɹɞ ɨɦɭ ɸ ɬɪɚɤ

ɬɨʆɤɭɫɩɪɚɜɵɚʆɬɷɧɬɵɱɧɚɫɰɿ ɞɚɤɭ ɦɟɧɬɚɄɨ ɧɪɚɞ ɚɦɮ ɨɧɆɭɪɚɦ prz ez

Konrada von Mure): «tota credulitas litterae insigillo dependet authentico,

bene noto et famoso» ɰɵɬɩɚɜɨɞɥɟS. Mikucki. %DGDQLHDXW HQW\F]QRĞFL

GRNXPHQWX ZSUDNW\FHNDQFHODULLPRQDUV]HM LVąGyZSROVNLFK ZZLHNDFK

ĞUHGQL FKRAU , Ɍ. 69 . Nr 3 . Krakó w, 1934 . S. 2 0 n.

ɍɡɪ ɨɜɟɧ ɶ ɦɚɡɚɜɟɰɤɚɟɩ ɪɚɤɬɵɤɿ ɩɟɪɲɚɟɩ ɚɥ ɨɜɵ ;9, ɫɬ ɜɵ

ɫɨ ɤɚ ɚɰɷɧ ɶɜɚɟɞ ɚɫɥ ɟɞɱ ɵɤɩ ɵɬɚɧɧɹɩɚɞɤɪ ɷɫɥ ɿɜɚɸɱɵɿɫɧɚɜɚɧɧɟ©ɩ ɪɨ 

ɫɬɚɹ ɤɛɵɞɵɩ ɥɚɦ ɚɬɵɱɧ ɚɝɚɩɚɱɭɰɰɹªȽɥ  S. Mikucki, op . cit ., s. 22,

61, 70.

ɉɪ ɚɚɩɥɚɬɵɹɤɿ ɹɫɩ ɚɝɚɧɹɥɿɫɹɤɚɪ ɨɧɧɚɸ ɤɚɧɰɵɥɹɪ ɵɹɣɿɤɨɲ

ɬɵ ɩɚɞɚɪɭ ɧɤɚʆ ɞ ɥɹ ɹɟ ɱɵɧɨ ʆɧɿɤɚʆɦ ɵ ɞɚɜɟɞɜɚɟɦɫɹ ɬɨ ɥɶɤɿ  ɡ  ɤɪɚ

ɤɚʆɫɤɿɯɿ ɥɶɜɨʆɫɤɿ ɯ ɝɚɪ ɚɞɫɤɿ ɯɤɧɿɝ ɞɡɟɝ ɚɪɚɞɫɤɚɹɛɭ ɯɝɚɥɬɷɪɵɹɫɤɪ ɭ

ɩɭ ɥɺɡɧɚɚɞ ɡɧɚɱɚɥɚɜɵɞɚɬɤɿ «p ro l itt er is »>ɡɚɥ ɿɫɬɵ@ɹɤ ɧɚɤɚɪ ɵɫɰɶ

ɜɵɲɷɣɲɵɯ ɱ ɵɧɨʆɧɿ ɤɚʆ ɡ  ɱ ɵɺɣ ɩɪ ɚɬɷɤɰɵɿ ɞɚɞɡ ɟɧɵ ɚɤɬ ɜɵɯɨ ɞɡ ɿʆ

ɬɚɤ ɿ ɜɵɤɚɧɚʆɰɚʆ Ƚɥ  E. N ow icki . 6W XG LD Q DG NDQ FHOD UL ą NR UR QQ ą

.D]LPLHU]D-DJLHOORĔF]\NDLwów, 1912. S. 1 29 n., 169–175.

Ⱥɛɩ ɪɚɤɬɵɰɵ ɥɿɬɨʆɫɤɚ ɣɤɚɧɰɵɥ ɹɪɵɿ

198

ɘɥɿ ɭɲȻɚɪ ɞɚɯ

$* $'. 0/1UI Q ,Ƚɚɫɩɚɞɚɪ ©ȼɵɪɨɤ

ɧɚ ɲɜ ɚ ɦ >ɜɿɥ ɟɧ ɫɤɿ ɦɜɨɣɬ ɭ ɛɭ ɪɦɿ ɫɬɪ ɭɿ ɪɚɞɰ ɚɦ@ɜ ɬɨɦ ɜɱɵɧ ɢɥɢ ɢ

ɩɪɢɜ ɢɥɟɣ ɧɚɲɤɚɡɚɥɢɢɦ ɧɚɬɨɫɩɪɚɜ ɢɬɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɨɛɵɱɚ ɟɦɦɚɟɬɟ

ɜɵɛɭɪɦ ɢɫɬɪɵɢɪɚɞɰɵɡɩɨɫɩɨɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɫɩɪɚɜ ɨɜɚɬɢɫɹɢɪɹɞɜɦɟɫ

ɬɟɱɢ ɧɢɬ ɢ«ɲ ɬɨɠɨɧ ɢ>ɩɚɫɩɨɥɶɫɬɜɚ@ɨɬ ɬɨ ɝɨ ɩɪ ɢɜɢ ɥɢɹ ɧ ɚɲɨ ɝɨ

ɞɚɥɢɧɚɦ ɱɨɥ ɨɦ ɛɢɬɹɢɬɟɠɭɪɚɞɧɢɤɨɦ ɧɚɲɢɦ «ɩɪɢɱɢɧɵɞɟɜɟɧɨɫɬɨ

ɢɫɟɦ ɱɟɪɥɟɧɵɯɡɨɥ ɨɬɵɯɜɵɞɟɣɬ ɨɝɨɡɩɨɫɩɨɥɢɬɵɯɩɟɧ ɹɡɟɣɦ ɟɢɫɬ

ɫɤɢɯɡ ɚɩ ɥɚ ɬɢ ɬɢ ɢɦ ɧ ɢ ɯɨ ɱɟɬɟªɉɚɪɚʆɧ  ɭ    ɝɫɤɚɪɝ ɭɹɤɭ ɸ

ʆɧ ɺɫ ɩɟɪ ɚɞ ɝɚɫɩɚɞ ɚɪ ɨɦ ɩɚɪ ɚɡɨ ʆɫɤɿɜɨɣɬ ɧɚɛɭ ɪɦɿ ɫɬɪ ɚɪɚɞɰɚʆɿ ʆɫɿɯ

ɦ ɹɲɱɚɧɲ ɬɨ ɬɵɹɧ ɟ ɯɨ ɱɭ ɰɶɜɹɪ ɧɭ ɰɶ ɹɦɭ ɜɵɞ ɚɬɤɿ  ɹɤɿɹɺɧ ɡɪ ɚɛ ɿʆ

©ɛɶɸɱɢɱɨɥ ɨɦ ɟɝɨɦɢɥ ɨɫɬ ɢɢɩɪɨɫɹɱɢɩɪɚ ɜ ɚɧɨɜɨɝɨɦ ɚɢɬɛ ɨɪɫɤɨɝɨª

ɊɂȻ;; 1UNR O 

AG AD, K ML, f. 80–9 1:©ɬ ɨɩɚ ɤɜɵ ɞɟɣɧ ɟɯɨɱɟɬɟɩ ɪɵɜɢ ɥ ɢɹ

ɦ ɟɫɬ ɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɨɫɩ ɨɥɢɬɵɟɩɟɧɹɡɢ ɦɟɫɬɫɤɢɟɜɵɤɭɩɢɬɢ« ɭɤɚɧɰ ɥɟɪɚ

ɧɚɲ ɨɝɨ« ɚɞɟɣ ɬɟɠɨ ɧɢɬɨ ɦ ɭɧɟɫɶɜɟɞ ɨɦ ɵ ɟɫɶɬɥɢ ɬɨɬ ɩɪɵɜɢ ɥɟɣ

ɬɚɤɫɩɚɪ ɜɟɧɤɚɤɦ ɵɡɩ ɚɧɵɪɚɞɚɦ ɢɧɚɲ ɵɦɢɜɬɨɦ ɜɚɦ ɜ ɵɪɨɤɧɚɲ

ɜɱɵɧɢ ɥ ɢªɉ ɚɪɚʆɧ ɬɚɦɫɚɦɚQUI Q  9,  ɿI Q

ɚɞɤɭɥɶ ɜɵɧɿ ɤɚɟɲɬɨ ɜɨɣɬɿ ɪɚɞɚɧɚɞ ɚɥɟɣ ɚɞɦ ɚʆɥɹɥɿɫɹɜɵɤɭɩɿɰɶɩɪ ɵ

ɜɿɥɟɣɿ ɜɹɪɧɭ ɰɶ ɜɵɞɚɬɤɿ ɧɚɱɚɥɚɛ ɿɰɰ ɟɩɚɧɟɫɟɧɵɹ ɩɚɫɩɨɥ ɶɫɬɜɚɦ

100

ȻȺ ,,1U  V ɩ ɨɥɚɰɤɿɦɟɲɱɚɧɿ ɧ©ȼɚ ɫɤɨɈ ɜɫɹɧ ɢɤ«

ɥɢɫɬɝɨɫɩɨɞɚɪɫɤɢ ɣɧɚɜ ɫɟɦ ɟɫɬɨɉɨɥɨɰɤɨɟɜ ɵɩɪɚɜ ɢɥɛɵɥɫɜɨɢɦ ɧɚ

ɤɥɚɞ ɨɦ «ɫɟɦ ɤɨɩ ɝɪɨɲɟɣ ªɚɛ ɜɹɪɬɚɧɧɿɹɤɿɯɯɚɞɚɣɧɿɱ ɚʆɩɟɪɚɞɫɭ ɞɨɦ

 ;,, ɋɭ ɚɞɧ ɨɫɿɧ ɵɡ ɥɨɬɚɝɚ ɿɝɪ ɨɲɚɩɚɡ ɧɚɟɦɭ ɤɪɵɧɿɰɵɡɧɚ

ɬɚɬɤɿ©ɞɚ ɬɢɩɨ ɡɥɨɬ ɨɦ ɭ ɬɨɟɫɬ ɩɨɩ ɨɥɭɤɨ ɩɶɸɝ ɪɨɲɟɣ ªɊɂ Ȼ;;

kol. 1025).

101

Ƚɥɩɪɚɝɷɬɚɲɵɪɷɣ&]RáRELFLD LSRNáRQ\ ɭɝɷɬɵɦɠɚɬɨɦ ɟɋ

ɧ

102

ɊɂȻ;;NRO

ɿSDVVLP

103

ɉɚɞ ɪɚɛɹɡɧɚ ɩɪɚɝɷɬɚDar owizna wzajemna n a Litwie w X V i

XVI wieku,ɭ ɝɷɬɵɦ ɠɚ ɬɨɦ ɟ ɋ  ɧ

K. .ɚɪɚɧ ɵɣ ɭɰ ɵɬɚɜɚɧɚɣ ɪɷɰ ɷɧɡ ɿɿ ɰɚɥ ɤɚɦ ɩɪ ɵɧɹʆɬɷɡɭɲɬɨ

ɧɚɞɚɧɧɟ ɱɚɫɬɚ ɚɬɚɹɫɚɦɥ ɿɜɚɥ ɚɫɹ ɡ ɚɞ ɩɥ ɚɬɧɵɦ ɞɚɪɚɦɿ  ɚɞɧɚɱ ɚɫɨɜɚ

ɪɨ ɛɿɰ ɶɞ ɚɩɭ ɲɱ ɷɧɧɟ ɲɬɨ ɚɠ ɵɰɰɹʆɥ ɟɧ ɧɟ ɱɚɥ ɚɛɿ ɰɰɹɜɵɡɜɚɥɹɥɚ ɧɚɞ ɚ

ɞɡ ɟɧ ɭɸ  ɦ ɚɺɦɚɫɰ ɶ ɚɞ  ɚɛɦ ɟɠ ɚɜɚɧɧɹʆ ɚɞ ɱɭ ɠɷɧɧ ɹ R G RJ UD Q LF]HĔ

al ien acj i) Ƚɿ ɩɨ ɬɷɡ ɚ ɰɿɤɚɜɚɹɚɥɟʆɤɪ ɵɧ ɿɰɚɯ ɧɹɦɚ ɡɜɟɫɬɚɤ ɹɤɿ ɹ ɛ ɹɟ

ɩɚɰɜɹɪɞ ɠɚɥ ɿ

199

ɞɧɨɸ ɡ ɸɪɵɞɵɱɧɵɯ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜɚɫɰɹʆ ȼɹɥɿɤɚɝɚ Ʉɧɹ

ɫɬɜɚ Ʌɿɬɨʆɫɤɚɝɚ ɛɵɥɨ ɿɫɧɚɜ ɚɧɧɟ ɧɚ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɬɷɪɵ

ɬɨɪɵ ɿ ɦɨɰɧɵɯ ɫɜɟɰɤɿɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚʆ ɭ ɚɫɚɛɨɜɵɦ

ɲɥɸɛɧɵ ɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ ɫɹ ɪɨɞ ɩɪɚɜ ɚɫɥɚʆɧɵɯ  Ɋɭɫɤɚɟ

ɧɚɫɟɥɶɧɿɰɬɜɚ ɹ ɤɨɟ ɧɚɥɟɠɚɥɚ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɜɵ ɡɧɚɧɧɹ  ɪɚɡɭɦɟɥɚ

ɲɥɸɛ ɹɤ ɫɜɟɰɤɭɸ ʆɦɨɜɭ  ɚ ɰɚɪɤɨʆɧɚɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɩɪɚɛɿɜɚɥɚ ɫɚɛɟ

ɞɚɪɨɝɭ ʆ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɩɚɦɚɥɭ ɿ ɩɚɜɨɥɿ Ɇɹɠɭ a quo ɚɤɪɷɫɥɿɜ ɚɟ

ɚɛɫɹ ɝ ɜɹɞɨɦɵɯ ɤɪɵɧɿɰ  ɦɹ ɠɭ ad quem ² ɩɚɫɬɭɩɨɜɵ ɡɚɧɹɩɚɞ

ɫɜ ɟɰɤɚɝɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɚɪɭ ɲɥɸɛɧɚɝɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɰɹɝɭ ;9,,ɫɬ Ⱦɡɟ

ɧɿ ɞɡɟ ɩɪɚʆɞɚ ɺɧ ɡɚɯɨʆɜɚʆɫɹ ɹɲɱɷ ʆ ;9,,, ɫɬ  ɚɥɟ ʆɠɨ ʆ ɪɷ

ɥɿɤɬɚɜɚɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ

ɉɵɬɚɧɧɟ  ɩɪɚ ɹɤɨɟ ɩɨɣɞɡɟ ɝɚɜ ɨɪɤɚ  ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɞɚɝɷɬɭɥɶ

ɩɪɚɞɦɟɬɚɦ ɭɫɟɛɚɤɨɜ ɚɝɚ ɝɿɫɬɨɪɵɤɚɸɪɵɞɵɱɧɚɝɚ ɪɚɡɝɥɹɞɭ  Ƚɷɬɚ

ɧɟ ɡɧɚɱɵɰɶ  ɲɬɨ ʆ ɥɿɬɚɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɧɟ ɡɜɹɪɬɚɥɚɫɹ ʆɜɚɝɿ ɧɚ ɬɚɤɿɹ

ɚɞɦɟɬɧɵɹ  ɞɥɹ ɬɵɯ ɱɚɫɨʆ ɫɬɚɫɭɧɤɿ  ɭ ɹɤɿɯ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɷɧɧɟ ɿ  ɚɫɚɛ

ɥɿɜ ɚ ɪɚɡɪɵ ʆ ɲɥɸɛɭ ɱɚɫɬɚ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɥɿɫɹ  ɛɟɡ ɭɞɡɟɥɭ ɞɭɯɨʆɧɚɟ

ʆɥɚɞɵ ɍɩɟɪɲ ɵɧɸ ɡɪɚɛɿʆ ɝɷɬɚ ɑɚɪɧɟɰɤɿ ʆ ɞɨɫɥɟɞɡɟ  ɩɪɵ ɫɜɟ

ɱɚɧɵɦ Ʌɿɬɨʆɫɤɿɦ ɋɬɚɬɭɬɚɦ

 Ȼɥɿɠɷɣ ɡɚɧɹʆɫɹ  ɩɵɬɚɧɧɟɦ  ɹ ɤɨɟ

ɧɚɫ ɰɿɤɚɜ ɿɰɶ  Ɇ ɍɥɚɞɡɿɦɿɪɫɤɿȻɭɞɚɧɚʆ ɍ ɝ ɭ ɪɷɰɷɧɡɿɿ ɧɚ

ɜɵɞɚɧɧɟ ɝɿɫɬɨɪɵ ɤɚɸɪɵɞɵɱɧɵ ɯ ɤɪɵɧɿɰ ȼ ɿɰɟɛɫɤɚɝɚ Ⱥɪɯɿ ɜɚ

ɺɧ ɡɚɤɪɚɧɭʆ ɩɵ ɬɚɧɧɟ ɬɚɤ ɡɜɚɧɵɯ ɧɟɜɹɧɱɚɧɵɯ ɲɥɸɛɚʆ ɫɹ ɪɨɞ

ɦɹɲɱɚɧ ɦɟɫɬɚ Ɇɚɝɿɥɺɜɚ ɿ ɪɚɡɜ ɨɞɚʆ  ɹɤɿɹ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɥɿɫɹ  ɩɟɪɚɞ

ɝɚɪɚɞɫɤɿɦɿ ʆɥɚɞɚɦɿ Ⱥ ʆ ɩɪɚɰɵ ɩɪɵɫɜɟɱɚɧɚɣ ɫɹ ɦɟɣɧɚɦɭ ɩɪɚ

ɜɭ Ɂɚɯɨɞɧɹ ɟ Ɋɭɫɿ ʆ ɩɚɥɨɜ ɟ ;9,ɫɬ  ɺɧ ɡɚɤɪɚɧɭʆ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɬɷɦɚ

ɬɵɤɭ ɡ ɩɭɧɤɬɭ ɝɥɟɞɠɚɧɧɹ ɹɟ ɝɟɚɝɪɚɮɿɱɧɚɟ ɞɵɮɟɪɷɧɰɵɹ ɰɵɿ ɿ

ɫɬɭɩɟɧɿ ɪɚɫɩɚʆɫɸɞɠɚɧɚɫɰɿ ʆ ɪɨɡɧɵɯ ɝɪɚɦɚɞɫɤɿɯ ɫɥɚɹ ɯ

  Ȭɧ

ɜɵɥɭɱɵʆ ɬɪɵ ɪɷɝɿɺɧɵ  ɩɚɜɨɞɥɟ ʆɫɺ ɦɟɧɲ ɚɟ ɱɚɫɬɚɬɵ  ɧɟɜɹɧɱɚ

Ɂɜɵɱɚɺɜɚɟɲɥɸɛɧɚɟɩɪɚɜɚɪɭɫɿɧɚʆ

ȼɹɥɿɤɚɝɚɄɧɹɫɬɜɚɅɿɬɨʆɫɤɚɝɚ

;9±;9,,ɫɬ

200

ɘɥɿ ɭɲȻɚɪ ɞɚɯ

ɧɵ ɯ ɲɥɸɛɚʆ ɿ ɪɚɡɜ ɨɞɚʆ ɹɤɿɹ ɚɞɛɵɜ ɚɥɿɫɹ  ɩɟɪɚɞ ɫɜɟɰɤɿɦɿ ʆɥɚ

ɞɚɦɿ Ƚɷɬɚ ɛɵɥɿ ɚ ɍɤɪɚɿɧɚ ɛ ɩɪɚɜɿɧɰɵɣɧɵɹ  ɬɷɪɵ ɬɨɪɵɿ ȼ ɹ

ɥɿɤɚɝɚ Ʉɧɹ ɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɵ ɹ ɰɷɧɬɪɵ ɥɿɬɨʆɫɤɚɟ ɞɡɹɪɠɚɜɵ Ⱥɞ

ɧɚɱɚɫɨɜɚ ɺɧ ɜɵɤɚɡɚʆ ɩɨɝɥɹɞ ɲ ɬɨ ɪɨɡɧɵɹ  ɝɪɚɦɚɞɫɤɿ ɹ ɤɥɚɫɵ  ʆ

ɬɵ ɹ ɱɚɫɵ  ɤɿɪɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɪɨɡɧɵɦɿ  ɧɹɪɚɡ ɩɪɨɰɿɥɟɝɥɵɦɿ  ɸɪɵɞɵɱ

ɧɵɦɿ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɿ Ⱦɚʆɧɟɣɲɚɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ  ɹ ɤɨɟ ɛɵɥɨ  ɧɚ ɹ ɝɨ ɞɭɦɤɭ

ɧɚɣɩɟɪɲ ɩɪɵɣɲɥɨ ʆ ɡɚɧɹɩɚɞ ɫɹɪɨɞ ɜ ɵɲɷɣɲ ɵɯ ɫɥɚɺʆ ɚ ɧɚɣ

ɞɚʆɠɷɣ ɬɪɵɦɚɥɚɫɹ  ɫɹ ɪɨɞ ɜɹ ɫɤɨɜɚɝɚ ɥɸɞɭ ɧɚ ʆɤɪɚɿɧɫɤɿ ɦ ɩɚ -

ɦɟɠɠɵ

ɇɚɣɛɨɥɶ ɲ ɭɜ ɚɝɿ ɩɪɵ ɫɜ ɹɰɿʆ ɪɚɡɝɥɹɞɚɧɚɦɭ ɧɚɦɿ ɩɵɬɚɧɧɸ

Ⱥ Ʌɹ ɜɿɰɤɿ

 ɜɵɞɚɜɟɰ ɡɛɨɪɭ ɤɪɵɧɿɰ ɩɪɚ ɫɹ ɦɟɣɧɵɹ  ɫɬɚɫɭɧɤɿ

ɧɚ ɩɚʆɞɧɺɜɚɡɚɯɨɞɧɹɣ Ɋɭɫɿ ;9,± ;9,, ɫɬ ɍɫɬɭɩ ɞɚ ɝɷɬɚɝɚ ɡɛɨ

ɪɭ ɧɚɩɿɫɚɧɵ ɜ ɵɞɚʆɰɨɦ

 ɞɚɝɷɬɭɥɶ  ɡɚɫɬɚɟɰɰɚ ɧɚɣɛɨɥɶɲ ɜɵ

ɱɚɪɩɚɥɶ ɧɵɦ ɪɚɡɝɥɹ ɞɚɦ ɩɵɬɚɧɧɹ  ʆ ɞɚɱɵ ɧɟɧɧɿ ɞɚ ɬɷɪɵ ɬɨɪɵɿ

ȸɤɪɚɿɧɵ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜ ɚ ȼ ɚɥɵ ɧɿ Ⱥʆɬɚɪ ɪɚɡɝɥɟɞɡɟʆ ɧɟɜ ɹɧɱɚɧɵɹ ɲɥɸ

ɛɵ ɩɚɞɤɪɷɫɥɿɜ ɚɸɱɵ ɫɜɚɛɨɞɭ ɪɚɡɜ ɨɞɚʆ ɿ ɡɜ ɹɪɬɚɸɱɵ ʆɜɚɝɭ ɧɚ

ɿɫɧɚɜ ɚɧɧɟ ɫɜ ɟɰɤɚɟ ɸɪɵɫɞɵɤɰɵɿ ʆ ɲɥɸɛɧɵɯ ɫɩɪɚɜɚɯ  Ⱥɞɡɧɚ

ɱɚʆ ɺɧ ɿ ɪɷɲɬɤɿ ɞɚʆɧɟɣɲɵɯ ɡɜɵɱɚɹʆ ɜ ɚ ʆɤɪɚɿɧɫɤɚɣ ɜɺɫɰɵ ʆ

;9,,, ɿ  ;,; ɫɬ ɋ ɥɟɞɚɦ ɡɚɅɹɜ ɿɰɤɿɦ Ɇ Ƚɪɭɲɷʆɫɤɿ ɩɚɞɤɪɷɫɥɿ

ɜɚʆ ɡɜ ɵɱɚɺɜ ɵ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɚɪ ɲ ɥɸɛɧɚɝɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ȸɤɪɚɿɧɟ ɞɚɥɺɤɿ

ɚɞ ɩɚɬɪɚɛɚɜɚɧɧɹ ʆ ɩɪɚɜɚ ʆɫɯɨɞɧɹ ɟ ɰɚɪɤɜɵ

  ɍ ɫɜ ɚɸ ɱɚɪɝɭ

Ⱥ Ɂɚɝɚɪɨʆɫɤɿ ʆ ɦɚɧɚɝɪɚɮɿɿ  ɞɡɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɚɤɚɡɚɧɚ ɝɿɫɬɚɪɵ ɱɧɚɟ

ɪɚɡɜ ɿɰɰɺ ɪɚɡɜɨɞɭ ʆ ɪɚɫɿɣɫɤɿɦɩɪɚɜɟ  ɝɪɭɧɬɚɜɚʆ ɩɭɧɤɬɵ ɩɪɵ ɫ

ɜɟɱɚɧɵɹ  ɪɚɡɜ ɨɞɚɦ ɩɪɚɡ ɧɹɡɝɨɞɭ ɫɭɠɨɧɰɚʆ ɚɥɶ ɛɨ ɡ ɿɯ ɭɡɚɟɦ

ɧɚɟ ɡɝɨɞɵ  ɧɚ ɦɚɬɷɪɵɹɥɟ ɡ ɬɷɪɵɬɨɪɵɹʆ Ʌɿɬɨʆɫɤɚɟ Ɋɭɫɿ

Ɂɜɵ ɱɚɺɜ ɵɦ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɚɦ ɩɵɬɚɧɧɹ ɡɚɧɹʆɫɹ ɝɚɥɨʆɧɵɦ ɱɵɧɚɦ

Ⱥ əɛɥɚɧɨʆɫɤɿ ʆ ɩɪɚɰɵ «Stosunki rodzi nne na Woáyniu na

przeáomie XVI i XVII w. »

  ɹɤɚɹ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɚɜ ɚɥɚɫɹ ɧɚ ɦɚɬɷ

ɪɵɹɥɚɯ ɿ ɞɨɫɥɟɞɚɯ ɚɩɭɛɥɿɤɚɜɚɧɵɯ Ⱥ Ʌɹɜɿ ɰɤɿɦ

ɉɵɬɚɧɧɟ ɪɚɡɜɨɞɚʆ  ɹɤɿɹ ɧɚ ɫɭɫɟɞɧɹɣ ɬɷɪɵɬɨɪɵɿ Ƚɚɥɿɰ

ɤɚɟ Ɋɭɫɿ ɚɠɵ ɰɰɹ ʆɥɹ ɥɿɫɹ  ɫɜɟɰɤɿ ɦɿ ʆɥɚɞɚɦɿ  ɧɚɣɪɚɧɟɣ ɡɚɤɪɚ

ɧɭʆ Ʌ  ɒɚɪɚɧɟɜɿɱ

 Ȭɧɥɿɱɵʆ ɿɯ ɡɥɨʆɠɵɜɚɧɧɟɦ ɹ ɤɨɟ ɱɵɧɿɥɚ

ɞɡɹɪɠɚʆɧɚɹ ʆɥɚɞɚ ɧɚ ɲ ɤɨɞɭ ʆɫɯɨɞɧɹɦɭ ɤɚɫɰɺɥɭ ɉɚɡɧɟɣ ɩɪɚ

ɝɷɬɚɟ ɩɵɬɚɧɧɟ ɩɿɫɚɥɿ ɲɵɪɷɣ ɰɿ ɩɚɜɹɪɯɨʆɧɟɣ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿ ɚʆɬɚ

ɪɚʆ

  ɩɚɤɭɥɶ ɿɦ ɧɟ ɡɚɧɹʆɫɹ ʆ ɚɫɨɛɧɚɣ ɩɪɚɰɵ Ʉ  ɋɚɯɚɧɟɜɿɱ

1 2

Ⱥɛɦɟɠɚɜɚɧɚɹ ɬɷɪɵɬɨɪɵɹɣ ɞɡɟ ɝɷɬɚɹ ɩɪɚɹɜ ɚ ² ɡ ɩɪɵ ɱɵɧɵ

ɦɚɰɧɟɣɲɵɯ ɱɵ ɦɞɡɟ ɹɲɱɷ ɩɨɥɶɫɤɿɯ ɭɩɥɵ ɜɚʆ ² ɭɠɨ ʆ ;9 ɫɬ

ɚɩɵɧɭɥɚɫɹ  ʆ ɝɥɵɛɨɤɿɦ ɡɚɧɹɩɚɞɡɟ  ɚɩɟɪɭɸɱɵ ɞɨɫɵɰɶ  ɫɤɭɩɵ ɦ

ɦɚɬɷɪɵɹɥɚɦ ɤɪɵɧɿɰ ɝɷɬɚɹ  ɩɪɚɰɚ  ɧɚ ɧɚɲɭɸ ɞɭɦɤɭ ɧɹɝɥɟɞɡɹ

201

ɱɵ ɧɚ ɧɟɤɚɬɨɪɵɹ  ɬɪɚɩɧɵɹ ɧɚɡɿɪɚɧɧɿ  ɡɦɹɲɱɚɟ ɲɷɪɚɝ ɧɹʆɞɚ

ɥɵɯ ɦɟɪɤɚɜɚɧɧɹʆ ɹ ɤɿɹ ɩɚɬɪɚɛɭɸɰɶ  ɭɞɚɤɥɚɞɧɟɧɧɹ  ɇɚʆɡɛɨɱ

ɡɚʆɜɚɠɦɚ ɹɲɱɷ  ɲɬɨ ʆ ɡɚɯɨɞɧɹɣ ɥɿɬɚɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɩɪɚɞɦɟɬɚ ɝɷɬɵɹ

ɩɪɚɹɜɵ ʆɜɨɝɭɥɟ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɣɲɥɿ ɚɞɥɸɫɬɪɚɜɚɧɧɹ 

ɉɪɚɛɥɟɦɚɬɵ ɤɭ  ɹɤɚɹ  ɧɚɫ ɰɿɤɚɜɿ ɰɶ  ɦɨɠɧɚ ɫɤɚɧɰɷɧɬɪɚ

ɜɚɰɶ ɭ ɧɟɤɚɥɶɤɿɯ ɩɪɚɞɦɟɬɧɵɯ ɤɨɥɚɯ ɩɟɪɲɚɟ ɡ ɿɯ ɞɚɬɵɱɵɰɶ

ɯɚɪɚɤɬɚɪɭ ɫɜɟɰɤɚɝɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɷɧɧɹ  ɲ ɥɸɛɭ  ɲɬɨ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɡɿɰɶ ɜɵ

ɪɚɡ ɭ ɬ ɡɜ  ɧɟɜɹ ɧɱɚɧɵɯ ɲ ɥɸɛɚɯ ɿ ʆ ɞɪɭɝɚɪɚɞɧɚɣ ɪɨɥɿ ɹɤɭɸ

ɚɞɵɝɪɵ ɜ ɚɥɚ ɰɚɪɤɨʆɧɚɟ ɜ ɹ ɧɱɚɧɧɟ ɤɚɥɿ ɹ ɧɨ ɦɟɥɚ ɦɟɫɰɚ ɩɪɵ

ɡɚɤɥɸɱɷɧɧɿ ɲ ɥɸɛɭ  Ⱦɪɭɝɨɟ ɚɯɨɩɥɿɜɚɟ ɩɵɬɚɧɧɟ ɪɚɡɜɨɞɚʆ ɚɫɚɛ

ɥɿɜɚ ɬɵɯ ɲɬɨ ɚɞɛɵɜɚɥɿɫɹ ɡ ɭɡɚɟɦɧɚɟ ɡɝɨɞɵ ɫɭɠɨɧɤɚʆ ɿ ɧɚɣ

ɱɚɫɰɟɣ ɩɟɪɚɞ ɰɚɪɤɨʆɧɵ ɦɿ ʆɥɚɞɚɦɿ ɇɚɪɷɲɰɟ  ɬɪɷɰɹɟ ɞɚɬɵ

ɱɵɰɶ ɸɪɵɫɞɵɤɰɵɿ ɫɜɟɰɤɿ ɯ ɫɭɞɨʆ ɭ ɲɥɸɛɧɵɯ ɫɩɪɚɜɚɯ

Ƚɷɬɚɟ ɚɩɨɲɧɹ ɟ ɤɨɥɚ ɩɵ ɬɚɧɧɹʆ ɪɚɫɩɪɚɰɚɜɚɧɚ ɧɚɣɝɨɪɲ

ɉɪɵɧɰɵɩɨɜɵɹ  ɥɚɤɭɧɵ  ʆ ɝɷɬɚɣ ɝɚɥɿɧɟ ɚɫɚɛɥɿɜ ɚ ɚɞɫɭɬɧɚɫɰɶ

ɚɧɚɥɿɡɭ ɞɚɱɵɧɟɧɧɹʆ ɰɷɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɚɟ ɞɡɹ ɪɠɚʆɧɚɟ ʆɥɚɞɵ ɿ ɩɪɚɜɚɫ

ɥɚʆɧɚɟ ɞɭɯɨʆɧɚɟ ɟɪɚɪɯɿ ɿ ɞɚ ɫɜɟɰɤɚɟ ɸɪɵɫɞɵɤɰɵ ɿ ʆ ɲ ɥɸɛɧɵɯ

ɫɩɪɚɜɚɯ ɹɤɚɹ ɚɠɵɰɰɹʆɥɹɥɚɫɹ ɦɹɫɰɨɜɵɦɿ ʆɥɚɞɚɦɿ ɿ ɩɚɞɲɬɭɪ

ɯɧɭɥɿ  ɧɚɫ ɭɡɹɰɰɚ ɡɚ ɝɷɬɭɸ ɬɷɦɭ

əɧɨ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɞɚɡɜɚɥɹ ɟ ɜɵɫɜɟɬɥɿɰɶ  ɱɚɰɜɺɪɬɚɟ ɩɵɬɚɧɧɟ ɚ

ɦɟɧɚɜɿɬɚ  ɹ ɤ ɧɚ ɰɿɤɚɜɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɧɚɫ ɚɞɪɷɡɤɭ ɱɚɫɭ ɮɚɪɦɚɜɚɥɿɫɹ

ɚɞɧɨɫɿ ɧɵ ɩɿɫɚɧɚɝɚ ɞɡɹɪɠɚʆɧɚɝɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɿ  ɩɪɚɜɚ ɡɜɵɱɚɺɜɚɝɚ

ɉɪɵɧɹɬɚɹ ɧɚɦɿ ɬɷɦɚɬɵɤɚ ɬɵ ɱɵ ɰɰɚ ² ɹɤ ɦɵ ɡɚʆɜ ɚɠɵɥɿ

ʆ ɬɵɬɭɥɟ ² ɩɪɚɜɚɫɥɚʆɧɚɝɚ ɧɚɫɟɥɶ ɧɿɰɬɜɚ ȼɹ ɥɿɤɚɝɚ Ʉ ɧɹɫɬɜɚ

Ʉɚɬɚɥɿɤɿ ɡɧɚɯɨɞɡɿɥɿ ɫɹ ʆ ɿɧɚɤɲɚɣ ɫɿɬɭɚɰɵ ɿ ɛɨ ɤɚɬɚɥɿɰɤɿ ɤɚɫɰɺɥ

ɛɵʆ ɰɚɥɤɚɦ ɫɚɦɚɫɬɨɣɧɵ ɦ ɚɪɝɚɧɿɡɦɚɦ ɹ ɤɿ  ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶ ɤɿ ɦɨɝ ɡɚ

ɛɹɫɩɟɱɜɚɰɶ ɪɷɚɥɿɡɚɰɵɸ ɩɚɫɬɚɧɨɜ ɚʆ ɤɚɧɚɧɿɱɧɚɝɚ ɩɪɚɜ ɚ  ɚɥɟ ɿ

ɧɹ ɪɚɡ ɩɚɲɵ ɪɚʆ ɫɜɚɸ ɸɪɵɫɞɵɤɰɵ ɸ ɧɚ ɫɩɪɚɜɵ ɹɤɿ ɹ ɞɚ ɹɟ ɧɟ

ɧɚɥɟɠɚɥɿ

Ɂ ɩɪɚɫɬɨɪɚɜɚɝɚ ɩɭɧɤɬɭ ɝɥɟɞɠɚɧɧɹ ɬɷɦɚ ɚɯɨɩɥɿɜɚɟ ɹ ɤ ɛɟ

ɥɚɪɭɫɤɿɹ ɬɚɤ ɿ ʆɤɪɚɿɧɫɤɿɹ ɡɟɦɥɿ ȼɹɥɿɤɚɝɚ Ʉɧɹɫɬɜɚ ɭ ɬɵɦ ɥɿɤɭ

ɿ ɩɚɫɥɹ   ɝ  ɤɚɥɿ  ɚɩɨɲɧɿɹ ʆɜɚɣɲɥɿ ʆ ɫɤɥɚɞ Ʉɚɪɨɧɵ  Ɂɝɨɞɧɚ

ɡ ɬɚɝɚɱɚɫɧɚɣ ɬɷɪɦɿɧɚɥɨɝɿɹɣ ɦɵ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦ ɿɯ ɪɭɫɤɿɦɿ ɡɟɦɥɹɦɿ

ɭ ɚɞɪɨɡɧɟɧɧɟ ɚɞ ɜ ɹɥɿɤɚɪɭɫɤɿɯ ɚɥɶ ɛɨ ɪɚɫɿɣɫɤɿ ɯ  Ⱦɡɟɥɹ ɩɚɪɚ

ʆɧɚɧɧɹ ɦɵ  ɤɚɪɵɫɬɚɟɦɫɹ  ɪɨɞɧɚɫɧɵɦ ɦɚɬɷɪɵɹ ɥɚɦ ɡ ɬɷɪɵɬɨɪɵ ɿ

Ƚɚɥɿɰɤɚɟ Ɋ ɭɫɿ  ɚɞɥɹ ɩɚɡɧɟɣɲɵɯ ɱɚɫɨʆ ² ɡ ɬ  ɡɜ ɋɥɚɛɚɞɫɤɨɣ

ɍɤɪɚɿɧɵ  ɱɚɫɚɦ ɬɚɤɫɚɦɚ ɿ ɜ ɹɥɿɤɚɪɭɫɤɿɦɿ ɤɪɵɧɿɰɚɦɿ  ɹɤɿɹ ɩɚ

ɤɚɡɜɚɸɰɶ ɿɫɬɨɬɧɵɹ ɚɞɪɨɡɧɟɧɧɿ ɚɞ ɫɬɚɧɭ ɹɤɿ ɿɫɧɚɜɚʆ ɧɚ Ʌɿɬɨʆ

ɫɤɚɣ Ɋɭɫɿ

Ɂɜɵɱɚɺɜɚ ɟɲɥɸɛɧɚɟ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɪɭɫɿ ɧɚʆ