Tawa W. Japanese Stage-Step Course: Workbook 1
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There are of course many languages that do not correspond to the country names. For instance,
Hindi is not the only language spoken in India. Some of the major languages of this kind are:
ïíÃïs°sa Arabic
Çð½`Va Hindi
ÈðòÏñÅìu8|µ®^a Sanskrit
Adjectives
Kanji Kana Meaning Kanji Kana Meaning
( 7ª cold (non-weather) z[ pzs7 muggy; humid
z «z fun near
]±z¦ interesting ^] far
— 7~°k boring
50 Stage 1-1 (Workbook 1)
Stage 1-2 Question Sentences
Step 1
c
CONFIRMATION
Read the corresponding sections, Stage 1-2.1(1) through (4), in the Grammar Textbook first.
(1) The three types of question sentences; (2) Forming an alternative question sentence;
(3) Responses to alternative questions; (4) Negating both predicates
1. Form single alternative question sentences from two separate questions.
Example:
Æëĝı
Ğ Õ
AÈaÆë¤ÕáyAÈa
×Æëĝı
Ğ Õ
AÈ°ÔFë³Ë¤ÕáyAÈa
ߺÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
Ð
¼
Ã
ÀÕ
¬
¡Õ
AÈaºÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
»´ÒµÊ
¬
¡Õ
AÈa
æ¦Ð
ÁÉÒ
0
¨y
ÓAÈa¦Ð
ÁÉÒ
$
A@
ÎÓAÈa
åÂÐ
¼
Ã
ÀÕ
²
µ
§hÎÓAÈaÐ
¼
Ã
ÀÕ
²
µ
6
U@È
ÎÓAÈa
äÂÐ
¨ÎÌ
°j\
]ÕÁÉÒ
ΪAÈaÐ
¨ÎÌ
°lE
ÒÕÒ
ΪAÈa
ãÂS
ÈÕÆÊ
²
µ
¿¢
Å
ѪAÈa
»´ÒµÊ
²
µ
¿¢
Å
ѪAÈa
2. Respond to the above questions by choosing one answer.
Example:
Q: Æëĝı
Ğ Õ
AÈ°¤ÕáyAÈa
A: ĝı
Ğ Õ
Aa
3. Respond to the above questions by negating both.
Example:
Q: Æëĝı
Ğ Õ
AÈ°¤ÕáyAÈa
A: ĝı
Ğ Õ
¤Õáy¨:ªÑÕa
1: Alternative Questions
4. New vocabulary: (R: S1-2-1)
Days of the week: In Japan, the week begins on Monday and ends on Sunday. DÔwyË (“moon”
for Monday), VÔÈË (“fire” for Tuesday), iÔAÓË (“water” for Wednesday), CÔÊË (“tree” for
Thursday), kÔÁÕË (“gold” for Friday), _ÔË (“earth” or “soil” for Saturday), and finally ÐÔ¼»Ë
(“sun” for Sunday) are placed before the ending that indicates the days of the week, ±ÐÔÒË.
ÄÏÔ¶Ó¿ÊË
: Refers to both university and college.
mqÔÎÉÊÒË
: Dining hall in a college or other facility. It is also a generic term for restaurants
where customers can order different kinds of food. The katakana word ĔİĮĭı ÔëA³èÕË is
used for Western-style restaurants. The many different types of eating establishments in Japan are
identified by different terms.
The verb
ΪA
: As pointed out in the previous chapter, ΪA may be used as an independent
verb, often translated as “to do.” In the following examples, the first sentence uses ΪA as an
independent verb, but the second sentence uses it as a part of the verb ¢ÔÕÇËΪA “to make
a phone call.”
½
ÇÌÎ
Õ
¢
Ç
éΪAa
½
Õ
¢
Ç
ΪAa
I will make a phone call.
¾xÔȨËhÕ¼
: The particle ¼ after ¾xÔȨËhÕ is similar to the ¼ introduced as the parti-
cle to indicate a destination. Here it marks an e-mail message or phone call to mother.
½
ÇÌÎ
¾x
Ȩ
hÕ¼Ĭuį
Ĩ ¤ê
é©
È
ÁªAa
I will write an e-mail message to my mother.
½
ÇÌÎ
¾x
Ȩ
hÕ¼
Õ
¢
Ç
éΪAa
I will make a phone call to my mother.
52 Stage 1-2 (Workbook 1)
1. ¦Ð
ÁÉÒ
D±
wyÒ
Ð
AÈ°Fë³°V
È
±
Ò
Ð
AÈai±
AÓÒ
Ð
Aa
Monday Tuesday Wednesday
2. [
Î
Z
WÕ
C±
ÊÒ
Ð
AÈ°k±
ÁÕÒ
Ð
AÈa»è¨:ªÑÕa_
±
Ò
Ð
Aa
Thursday Friday Saturday
3. į
ê
u
Ò
Ģ
U
Ĭ
Ĩ
u
¤
Į
³
ğĢ
ÁU
hÕ
§ª
¥
¶
hÕ¨:ªÑÕaĠĭĪı
âèÒÕ
hÕAa
roommate
4. ÄÏ
¶Ó¿Ê
9
»È
ÓAÈ°3
³¾
ÓAÈa9
»È
Ê3
³¾
ʨ:ªÑÕa
college near far
5. I
:ÉÒ
Ä
¾¾
ÁÓAÈ°
»Ó
hÓAÈaÄ
¾¾
ÁÊ
»Ó
hʨ:ªÑÕa
dormitory
6. {z
s§
¼L
Ȥ
:ªAÈ°R
³
©
ÎÉ
N
ÈÕ
¼¹
Ó
ÁªAÈam
ÎÉÊ
q
Ò
¼¹
Ó
ÁªAa
room library dining hall
7. б
¼»Ò
Ð
°¾x
Ȩ
hÕ¼Ĭuį
Ĩ ¤ê
é©
È
ÁªAÈ°
Õ
¢
Ç
éΪAÈa»èΪÑÕa
Sunday e-mail write phone do
PRODUCTION
5. Preparatory task: Do mechanical practice as needed to memorize the new vocabulary for this
unit. Use the structures of this unit whenever appropriate.
6. Translation self-check: The example sentences with the new vocabulary given above have been
translated here into equivalent English sentences (the translation is not word-for-word). Try
checking the accuracy of your translation by translating them back into Japanese.
7. Pair work: Question-and-answer.
Ask (alternative question)
Respond
Choose one Negate all
1. today (Monday or Tuesday)
2. tomorrow (Wednesday or Thursday)
3. exam (Friday or Saturday or Sunday)
4. college (big or small)
5. homework (difficult or easy)
6. dorm (near or far)
7. library (good or bad)
8. dining hall (near or far)
9. room (big or small)
10. roommate (American or Chinese)
11. Kim-san (British or Korean)
12. go back to the dorm or home
13. do homework or exercise
14. write mail or call the teacher
Stage 1-2 (Workbook 1) 53
1. Is today Monday or Tuesday? It is Wednesday.
2. Is the exam on Thursday or Friday? It’s neither. It will be on Saturday.
3. The roommate is neither Kim-san nor Yamada-san. It is Brown-san.
4. Is the college near or far? It’s neither near nor far.
5. Is the dorm big or small? It’s neither big nor small.
6. Will you go back to your room, or will you go to the library? I will go to the dining hall.
7. On Sunday, will you write an e-mail message to your mother or call her? I will do neither.
8. Pair work: Ask alternative questions for the following topics and give responses (mix the
responses of choosing one and negating both).
Topics:
today’s weather; days of the week; nationality; class; roommate; Japanese; languages; teachers; stu-
dents; examination; assignment; college; library; dining hall; dormitory; room; others
s
c
CONFIRMATION
Read the corresponding sections, Stage 1-2.2(1) through (7), in the Grammar Textbook first.
(1)~(6) Who, what, where, how, when, why; (7)
¿
in the topic position
1. Insert appropriate interrogative pronouns (e.g., what, who, where, etc.) in the parentheses. Give
responses to the questions.
ß į
ê
u
Ò
Ģ
U
Ĭ
Ĩ
u
¤
Į
³
ÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖËAÈa(who)
æÂÆ»èÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖËAÈa(who–polite)
åÂFëÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖËAÈa(what)
äÂİĜİ
AÝA
hÕÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖËÍ
ÕÑÓ
AÈa(what class)
ãÂĩu
:Ó
hÕÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖˬ
¡Õ
AÈa(what nationality)
àÂĠĭĪı
âèÒÕ
hÕÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖ˲
µ
¿
Ç
È:ªAÈa(what language)
ÞÂÐ
¨ÎÌ
°ÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖ˼¹
Ó
ÁªAÈa(where)
ÛÂÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖËÐ
¼
Ã
ÀÕ
¼¹
Ó
ÁªAÈa(when)
ÚÂ[
Î
Z
WÕ
ÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖËAÈa(how)
ÙÂÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖË
Ç
È:ªÑÕÈa(why)
IJÂÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖ˼Ĭuį
Ĩ ¤ê
é©
È
ÁªAÈa(to whom)
ijÂÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖÖË¿
Ç
È:ªÑÕÈa (what)
Ĵ¦Ð
ÁÉÒ
ÔÖÖÖÖÖÖÖ˱
Ò
Ð
AÈa(what day)
2. Insert appropriate particles in the parentheses of the following sentences. When no particle is
needed, put an X. Give responses to these questions as well.
ß Where will Tanaka-san go?
¥
Ì
ÅÈ
hÕÔÖ Ö ËÆÔÖ Ö Ë¹
Ó
ÁªAÔÖ Ö Ëa
2: Information-Seeking Question Sentences
54 Stage 1-2 (Workbook 1)
æ When will Tanaka-san go to the dining hall?
¥
Ì
ÅÈ
hÕÔÖ Ö ËÓyÔÖ Ö Ëm
ÎÉÊ
q
Ò
ÔÖÖ˹
Ó
ÁªAÔÖ Ö Ëa
å Who will go to the dining hall?
¶ëÔÖ Ö Ëm
ÎÉÊ
q
Ò
ÔÖÖ˹
Ó
ÁªAÔÖ Ö Ëa
ä Why will Tanaka-san go to the dining hall?
¥
Ì
ÅÈ
hÕÔÖ Ö ËÒÎÔÖ Ö Ëm
ÎÉÊ
q
Ò
ÔÖÖ˹
Ó
ÁªAÔÖ Ö Ëa
ã Will Brown-san write an e-mail message to her teacher today?
¦Ð
ÁÉÒ
ÔÖÖËĠĭĪ
âèÒÕ
ıhÕÔÖ Ö Ö ËºÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
ÔÖÖËĬuį
Ĩ ¤ê
ÔÖÖË©
È
ÁªAÔÖ Ö Ëa
à When will Brown-san write an e-mail message to her teacher?
ÓyÔÖ Ö ËĠĭĪ
âèÒÕ
ıhÕÔÖ Ö ËºÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
ÔÖÖÖËĬuį
Ĩ ¤ê
ÔÖÖË©
È
ÁªAÔÖÖÖËa
Þ What will Brown-san write to her teacher today?
¦Ð
ÁÉÒ
ÔÖÖËĠĭĪ
âèÒÕ
ıhÕÔÖ Ö ËºÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
ÔÖÖË«
ż
ÔÖÖË©
È
ÁªAÔÖ Ö Ëa
Û To whom will Brown-san write an e-mail message today?
¦Ð
ÁÉÒ
ÔÖÖËĠĭĪ
âèÒÕ
ıhÕÔÖ Ö Ö Ë¶ëÔÖ ËĬuį
Ĩ ¤ê
ÔÖÖË©
È
ÁªAÔÖ Ö Ëa
Ú Why will Brown-san write an e-mail message to her teacher today?
ÒÎÔÖ Ö Ë¦Ð
ÁÉÒ
ÔÖÖËĠĭĪ
âèÒÕ
ıhÕÔÖ Ö ËºÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
ÔÖÖËĬuį
Ĩ ¤ê
ÔÖÖË©
È
ÁªAÔÖ Ö Ëa
Ù Who will write an e-mail message to her teacher today?
¦Ð
ÁÉÒ
ÔÖ Ö Ë¶ëÔÖ Ö ËºÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
ÔÖÖËĬuį
Ĩ ¤ê
ÔÖÖË©
È
ÁªAÔÖ Ö Ëa
3. Pair work: Question-and-answer.
ß Memorize the following plain forms first before doing the exercises that follow.
Polite form Plain form
noun A noun ¶
adjective A adjective (omit A)
j
]Õ
\
ÁÉÒ
ΪA j
]Õ
\
ÁÉÒ
Aê
Ç
È:ªA
Ç
Èê
¢
Å
ѪA ¢
Å
Ñê
¹
Ó
ÁªA ¹
Ó
Ê
Stage 1-2 (Workbook 1) 55
æ Why-questions must be answered with ÈèA. It is best when what comes before ÈèA is
in the plain forms (for now, let us say that the plain forms are the same as the dictionary forms).
Example:
Q: ÒÎ
Ç
È:ªÑÕÈa
A: 6
U@È
ÎÓÈèA a
Why-question Respond with ~
ÈèA
Example: do not understand difficult
1. you can speak Japanese the speaker is Japanese
2. you will go to China the speaker can speak Chinese
3. you will not study tomorrow tomorrow is Saturday
4. you do not understand English English is difficult
5. you will study Japanese the speaker will go to Japan
6. you will go to Japan the speaker understands Japanese
7. you will not go to Japan the speaker will go to Korea
8. you will not go to the dining room the speaker will study
4. Pair work: Question-and-answer.
ß The list below shows the verbs you have learned so far (the ones listed above are not included).
First memorize the plain forms of these verbs (they are always listed at the summary of vocabulary
at the end of each chapter).
Polite form Plain form Meaning
L
Ȥ
:ªA L
Ȥ
ê return
lE
ÒÕÒ
ΪA lE
ÒÕÒ
Aê exercise
l;
ÒÕÕ
ΪA l;
ÒÕÕ
Aê drive
¨:ªA ¨ê have; exist
©
È
ÁªA ©
È
Ê write
ΪA Aê do
56 Stage 1-2 (Workbook 1)
æ Now practice asking why-questions and answering them.
Why-question Respond with ~
ÈèA
1. the addressee will study tomorrow will have an examination
2. the addressee will not go to the dining room will exercise
3. the addressee will not call his/her mother will write e-mail
4. the addressee will not go to the library will return to the room
5. the addressee will not call will drive
6. the addressee will not write e-mail will call
5. New vocabulary: (R: S1-2-2)
Ô¡´ÉÒË
and
ĤĭİÔÊèAË
: In recent years these two terms have come to be used more
interchangeably than before. Ĥĭİ ÔÊèAË comes from the English word class, and it refers to
groups of students separated by things such as grade levels or courses taken, each class occupying
its own classroom. The equivalent Japanese words for grade levels are ÏÔ¿Á´ÒË or ÏÔ¿
ÊÕË, and individual classes at the same level are referred to as QÔÊÝË, often numbered as Q
ÔÓ»ÊÝË “class one,” KQÔ¼ÊÝË “class two,” etc. Ô¡´ÉÒË, which literally means “receiv-
ing teaching,” and refers to the content of classes such as Japanese, history, literature, etc.
Adverb
ÔÓÎÉ˼
and the accompaniment particle
³
: The adverb ÔÓÎÉ˼ consists
of a noun ÔÓÎÉË “linked” and the particle ¼, and it is used as an equivalent of the English
adverb “together.”
¡´
ÉÒ
¼
ÓÎÉ
¼¹
Ó
ÁªAa
We will go to class together.
Stage 1-2 (Workbook 1) 57
1. Ð
¨ÎÌ
°«
ż
éΪAÈao
³¶»
³t
¤Ó
v
¿
¼¹
Ó
ÁªAa
friend movie
2. .
¨h
°Æ¼¹
Ó
ÁªAÈao
³¶»
³
ÓÎÉ
¼Ï·
¿ÆÒ
¼¹
Ó
ÁªAa
morning together school
3.
¡´
ÉÒ
ÒAÈa³f
ÌM
ÎÓ
Aa
class fun
4. Ĥĭİ
ÊèA
f
ÌM
ÎÓAÈaÓÓ¤°³yªèÅÓ
Aa
class boring
5. ÒÎgÐ
ªÓ¼»
°^
¾F
Ê
|
¾
ÁªA
ÈagÐ
ªÓ¼»
°o
³¶»
¼^
¾F
Ê
Õ
¢
Ç
éAêÈèAa
late get up
6. Ådb
§
Ê
J
ªA
Èa³
U
Ó
ÈèAa
early sleep sleepy
When mentioning with whom the topic does things, the accompaniment particle ³ must be used.
See Stage 1-3 for the particle ³.
½
ÇÌÎ
İĜİ
AÝA
hÕ³
ÓÎÉ
¼
¡´
ÉÒ
¼¹
Ó
ÁªAa
I will go to class with Smith-san.
In this case, ÔÓÎÉ˼ “together” becomes optional:
½
ÇÌÎ
İĜİ
AÝA
hÕ³
¡´
ÉÒ
¼¹
Ó
ÁªAa
I will go to the class with Smith-san.
The verbs
|Ô¾ËÁªA
and
JÔ˪A
: The verb |Ô¾ËÁªA means both “to wake up” and “to
get up.” JÔ˪A means all of the following: “to sleep,” “to go to bed,” or “to lie down (to sleep).”
PRODUCTION
6. Preparatory task: Do mechanical practice as needed to memorize the new vocabulary for this
unit. Use the structures of this unit whenever appropriate.
7. Translation self-check: The example sentences with the new vocabulary given above have been
translated here into equivalent English sentences (the translation is not word-for-word). Try
checking the accuracy of your translation by translating them back into Japanese.
8. Pair work: Question-and-answer.
Question Response
1. what; do; tomorrow go to class
2. where; go; morning go to school with a friend
3. when; get up; tomorrow late
4. why; sleep early sleepy
5. how; class fun
6. where; go; today go to a movie with a roommate
7. if the class fun boring
58 Stage 1-2 (Workbook 1)
1. What will you do tomorrow? I will go to a movie with my friend.
2. Where will you go in the morning? I will go to school with my friend.
3. How is the class? It is a lot of fun.
4. Is the class fun? No, it is very boring.
5. Why do you get up late every day? It is because I call my friend late every day.
6. Why will you go to sleep early? It is because I am very sleepy.
9. Discourse practice: For all events below, ask questions using the following whenever appropri-
ate (who, what, where, when, why, how).
EVENT 1: going to a movie
EVENT 2: have an examination
EVENT 3: going to bed early
EVENT 4: going to the library
EVENT 5: returning to the room
EVENT 6: calling your parents
EVENT 7: writing e-mail
10. Discourse practice: Ask your partner questions about any of the following topics using the ques-
tions in the parenthesis whenever appropriate (who, what, where, when, why, how).
Possible topics:
the plan today; the plan tomorrow; going to movies; doing homework; speaking languages; going
home; college; library; dormitory; room; roommate; others.
s
c
CONFIRMATION
Read the corresponding sections, Stage 1-2.3(1) and (2), in the Grammar Textbook first.
(1) Modifying a noun with an adjective; (2) Modifying a noun with another noun
1. What are the meanings of the following phrases?
ߺÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
MÃ
ÀÕ
æÂÏ·
¿ÆÒ
MºÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
åÂġĬĩė
¨ Ĩ :È
MÏÍ
¿ÊÑÓ
äÂġĬĩė
¨ Ĩ :È
¬
¡Õ
MÏÍ
¿ÊÑÓ
ãÂğĢ
ÁU
ºÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
MÏÍ
¿ÊÑÓ
MÃ
ÀÕ
àÂÏÍ
¿ÊÑÓ
Mĩu
:Ó
hÕ
ÞÂÐ
¼
Ã
ÀÕ
²
µ
MºÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
M¥
Ì
ÅÈ
ºÍ
ÑÕÑÓ
3: Modifying Nouns
Stage 1-2 (Workbook 1) 59