Tawa W. Japanese Stage-Step Course: Workbook 1

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130 Stage 1-4 (Workbook 1)

Kanji Kana Meaning

& uæï tangerine

— ġğğ banana

— ĘĥĬī orange

— ĭĮĦĭ toast

— ĥēĮĭ term paper; reporting document

— ėĔĮĭ department store

R² ÜâÚ dictionary

mV âÚçäÉ novel

c ÌÎ§ word; language

Ëá flower

> æ?ï vase

ê day

¼ê ëÂàÂ all day long; one day

 Nouns (verbs with

L

)

Kanji Kana Meaning

U: KÚçµ¯ exchange money

 Adjectives

Kanji Kana English Kanji Kana English

dë æë red âë ëāµâë busy

9ë âë white

 Adverbs

Kanji Kana English Kanji Kana English

 ÂÚç exactly ± ë|ï very

— ëÉt always â Ìâ a little (amount)

»8 ÞëZë usually 2r ÞÊÆï many; a lot (amount)

ÝB Îåå sometimes

 Verbs

Kanji Kana Polite form

-forms English

`Ê ÉÊ ÉåÑ ÉëZ arrive

¤L ½L ½Ñ ½Z leave

¤ÅL ½åL ½åÑ ½åZ can do

Øç æç æëÑ æÓZ buy

{ç Éæç ÉæëÑ ÉæÓZ use

ÁL âL âKÑ âÓZ know

 Beyond 90,000

Although it may not be important for everyone, for those who would like to know how to express

numbers in Japanese beyond 90,000, the system is as follows. It is likely, however, that you will

have to deal with bigger numbers in Japanese, especially when currency is involved. This is

because the unit of the Japanese monetary system, yen, is smaller than the American unit of cur-

rency, the dollar. For instance, one dollar has the value of about one hundred yen, although since

the exchange rate fluctuates, we can seldom maintain a stable equivalency of the two currency sys-

tems. After “nine man” (90,000), you will go to “ten man” (100,000), that is ¶º ìÜ¸çÑïÍ.

Then, to “one hundred man” (1,000,000), º ìHÊÑïÍ, and then to “one thousand man”

(10,000,000), that is ¨º ìäïÑïÍ. This is easier to grasp if you place a comma after four zeros

instead of three zeros, as done in the West. See the following:

90,000 = 9,0000 = nine man = º ìå¸çÑïÍ

100,000 = 10,0000 = ten man = ¶º ìÜ¸çÑïÍ

1,000,000 = 100,0000 = one hundred man = º ìHÊÑïÍ

10,000,000 = 1000,0000 = one thousand man = ¨º ìäïÑïÍ

The next highest unit after man is  ì[ÊÍ. The system is recursive, as in the following:

100,000,000 = 1,0000,0000 = one oku = ¼ ìëÂ[ÊÍ

1,000,000,000 = 10,0000,0000 = ten oku = ¶ ìÜ¸ç[ÊÍ

10,000,000,000 = 100,0000,0000 = hundred oku =  ìHÊ[ÊÍ

100,000,000,000 = 1000,0000,0000 = thousand oku = ¨ ìäï[ÊÍ

The next highest unit after  ì[ÊÍ is  ìÂÚçÍ. The system here, too, is recursive.

1,000,000,000,000 = 1,0000,0000,0000 = one choo = ¼ ìëÓÂÚçÍ

10,000,000,000,000 = 10,0000,0000,0000 = ten choo = ¶ ìÜ¸ÓÂÚçÍ

100,000,000,000,000 = 100,0000,0000,0000 = hundred choo =  ìHÊÂÚçÍ

1,000,000,000,000,000 = 1000,0000,0000,0000 = thousand choo = ¨ ìäïÂÚçÍ

Supplementary Vocabulary

Stage 1-4 (Workbook 1) 131

132 Stage 1-4 (Workbook 1)

You are unlikely to need to use higher numbers than these very often, so the introduction to the

numbers will end here.

 Things counted with the generic counter ~

Kanji Kana Meaning Kanji Kana Meaning

+ ÉÊ¯ desk — ęĨĪ glass; mug

$ië chair  æ§ï bag; backpack

— ĦģĬĜ study lamp — ĔĬ bread (bun)

 Things counted with ~

ªìÑëÍ

Kanji Kana Meaning Kanji Kana Meaning

 æu paper — ĖĮėċĮ CD

— ĎĮģĮ sweater — ĕĬČć handkerchief

 ÆX plate ² Ëµå postcard

 Things counted with ~

°ìÆÉ

Kanji Kana Meaning

 ôÓâ magazine

² ÆïÌçâÚ reference book

— ČģĄĈ catalogue

 Things counted with ~

èìãï

Kanji Kana Meaning Kanji Kana Meaning

5 å tree  ¯ëµ movie

6 u water (in bottles) (ěħĖ Ë|Xâ toothbrush

ÀÕ ½ï³ number of phone calls #' ÐçÜ toothpick

 Color terms (See Stage 2-1)

Stage 1-5 On Verbs

Step 1

CONFIRMATION

Read the corresponding section, Stage 1-5.1 (1), in the Grammar Textbook first.

(1) Expressing existence in English and Japanese

1. Choose the correct predicate.

ŅþąĢ

č ı Ĭ Ĺ

ĥĺģİļ7÷îĉÒī÷îĹī÷Ķġ

 ķ

ĳ Ļ

ĥĺģİļ7÷îĉÒī÷îĹī÷Ķġ

²ąĢ

čıĬĹ

ĥć

Ĺ ģ

ĆĻ

ĬĹ

ļ7÷îĉÒī÷îĹī÷Ķġ

lă

Ěī

ĎĻĥĜĜİļ7÷îĉÒī÷îĹī÷Ķġ

j ķ

ĳ Ļ

ĥ®Ĝİļ7÷îĉÒī÷îĹī÷Ķġ

2. Choose the correct particles for the following sentences.

Ņ Yamada-san is in the library now.

Ĺ ī

ĩă

Ěī

ĎĻĥ¨

ĸ Į

į Ļ

ļİî7ĶĹī÷ġ

 Yamada-san is doing his homework in the library now.

Ĺ ī

ĩă

Ěī

ĎĻĥ¨

ĸ Į

į Ļ

ļİî7Ķµ

ĸĤı

ĭ Ĺ

ŉĸÈĹī÷ġ

² The Japanese examination paper is in this room.

ĳ Ļ

ėb

ä Ļ

ĥĜė¹

ļİî7ĶĉÒī÷ġ

l We will take the Japanese examination in this room.

ĳ Ļ

ėb

ä Ļ

ĥĜė¹

ļİî7ĶĉÒī÷ġ

3. Choose the correct particles for the following sentences.

Ņ I went to the library in town.

ĖĞĸ

ĥ¯

īģ

ļİî7îėĶ¨

ĸ Į

į Ļ

ļİî7îėĶ¸

ĲīĸĞġ

1: Verbs of Existence

134 Stage 1-5 (Workbook 1)

 I studied at the college library.

ĖĞĸ

ĥĨ

ĭ Ĺ

čı

ļİî7îėĶ¨

ĸ Į

į Ļ

ļİî7îėĶs

tĻ

ĲĮĺ

ĸīĸĞġ

² Where is Kim-san?

ŨŦĎĻĥĜļİî7îėĶĹī÷įġ

l What is he doing in the room?

¹ħ

¼Ě

ļİî7îėĶğ

ĵ İ

ŉĸÈĹī÷įġ

j How is the weather in Japan today?

ěĴ

ĲĮĺ

ĩĴķļİî7îėĶ

È Ļ



ĥĺ7÷įġ

3 I studied at a university in Tokyo.

ĖĞĸ

ĥç

Ī ĺ

ĲĮĺ

ļİî7îėĶĨ

ĭ Ĺ

čı

ļİî7îėĶs

tĻ

ĲĮĺ

ĸīĸĞġ

G Where is the party this evening?

Ĝ Ļ

« Ļ

ļİî7îėĶŲŵūŘŵĥĜļİî7îėĶĉÒī÷įġ

I I am in Kyoto now.

ĖĞĸ

ĥě

Ĺ ī

ĩú

ĲĮĺ

ļİî7îėĶĹī÷ġ

Z Where in Kyoto are you?

ĲĮĺ

ļİî7îėĶĜļİî7îėĶĹī÷įġ

4. The word for Ŷfrontŷ is ÄļīĐĶ and for Ŷbehindŷ is HļĺĸĶ¶. In the parentheses, supply the

Japanese phrase that is equivalent to the words in boldface in the following sentences.

Ņ Yamada-san is in front of the library now.

Ĺ ī

ĩă

Ěī

ĎĻĥļĽĽĽĽĽĽĽĶİĹī÷ġ

 Brown-san’s notebook is behind his backpack.

ţşŎŴĎĻėŚŵŭĥļĽĽĽ ĶİĉÒī÷ġ

² Kim-san is behind Li-san.

ŨŦĎĻĥļĽĽĽ ĶİĹī÷ġ

l Tanaka-sensei’s child is in front of her ( = the teacher).

ĵį

ĬĹ

ėĦ´

ĎĻĥļĽĽĽĽĽĽĽĶİĹī÷ġ

Stage 1-5 (Workbook 1) 135

5. New vocabulary: (R: S1-5-1)

 ŰŧŬ

: Although ŰŧŬ in the above example sentence is used in the English sense, i.e., “a small

test,” ŰŧŬ in Japan usually refers to a game in which the objective is to give correct answers to

questions. There are quite a few ŰŧŬ-centered TV shows.

 ñļĺĐĶ

and

ÆļĸĞĶ

: Note that ñļĺĐĶ and ÆļĸĞĶ mean “top” or “above” and “under” or

“below,” respectively.

 õļĞÈęėĶ

and

šų

: Buildings in general are õļĞÈęėĶ and Western-style (usually

multi-story) buildings are šų.

 ¥ļĉĹĭĶ

: “Between”

ĵį

ĎĻĥŮůŴĎĻĪśŵĎĻė¥

ĉĹĭ

İĹī÷ġ

Nakada-san is between Chan-san and Li-san.

 dļáĲĶ

: This is the counter for small animals. See Stage 4-5 for pronunciation.

PRODUCTION

6. Preparatory task: Do mechanical practice as needed to memorize the new vocabulary for this

unit. Use the structures of this unit whenever appropriate.

7. Translation self-check: The example sentences with the new vocabulary given above have been

translated here into equivalent English sentences (the translation is not word-for-word). Try

checking the accuracy of your translation by translating them back into Japanese.

1. ěĴ

ĲĮĺ

ėŰŧŬĥæâ

ĲĮĺĸĠ

7ĉÒī÷ġ

quiz classroom

2. ă

Ěī

ĵį

ĎĻėūűŭĥÚ

ĠıĐ

ėñ

ĺ Đ

İĉÒīĸĞġ®ėÚ

ĠıĐ

ĥæ

ĲĮĺ

ĸ Ġ

ė

Ļü

ĵį

İĉÒī÷ġ

test desk top center

3. 

ĆĜ

ĥĜİĹī÷įġūŵţųėÆ

ĸ Ğ

7÷ġ´



ĆĜ

ĥĹ÷ėñ

ĺ Đ

İĹī÷ġ

cat table under kitten chair

4. ŲŵūŘŵĥĉėĨ

ĦĦ

ĲĹõ

ĞÈęė

ėc

ģį

ı7ĉÒī÷ġĉėšųėý

īĐ

ĥğ

ĵĻ

7÷įġ

party building near building

5. ŮůŴĔĢ

ĬĻĬ Ĺ

ėæ

ĲĮĺ

ĸ Į

ĥÚ

ĠıĐ

ėü

ĵį

İĉÒīĬĻ7ĸĞġ

textbook inside

6. À

Ĺ

ĥŔœŖĪķ

ĳ Ļ «Ĝ

ė¥

ĉĹĭ

İĹī÷ġ®Ĝİ´

Ĺ

ę¬

áĲ

Ĺī÷ġ

dog sofa book case (see below) puppy (see below)

1. We will have today’s quiz in the classroom.

2. Yamanaka-san’s test was on top of the desk. The desk is in the middle (center) of the classroom.

136 Stage 1-5 (Workbook 1)

8. Pair work: Question-and-answer.

Example:

Q: Ĵ

ĳ Ļ

ėævĀ

ĲĮĺ į ĸ Į

ĥĜİĉÒī÷įġ

A: ķ

ĳ Ļ «Ĝ

İĉÒī÷ġ

Question (ask for the location) Answer

Example: the Japanese textbook in the bookcase

1. party in that big building

2. Japanese class in that classroom

3. Japanese textbook under the chair

4. dogs and cats on the sofa

5. the computer between the desk and the chair

6. test near the chair

7. quiz (have a quiz game) inside the house

8. the two puppies center of the room

CONFIRMATION

Read the corresponding sections, Stage 1-5.1 (2) and (3), in the Grammar Textbook first.

(2) Word order and particles; (3) The honorific

ĹËĸÊÖļĹËĸÊĹī÷Ķ

1. Insert appropriate particles in the parentheses.

Ņ Where is the book?

ĳ Ļ

ļĽĽĽĶĜļĽĽĽĶĉÒī÷įġ

 (Response to Ņ) The book is in my bag.

ĖĞĸ

ėį«ĻļĽĽĽĶĉÒī÷ġ

3. Where is the cat? It is under the table. The kitten is on the chair.

4. We will have a party near that big building. What is the name of that building?

5. Chang-sensei’s textbook was not inside the desk.

6. The dog is between the sofa and the bookcase. There are also two puppies there.

Stage 1-5 (Workbook 1) 137

² Where is my sister?

ĉĆ

ļĽĽĽĶĜļĽĽĽĶĹī÷įġ

l (Response to ) She is at high school now.

Ĺ ī

ĩå

Ĝ ĺ

ļĽĽĽĶĹī÷ġ

2. Choose the right predicate.

Ņþķ

ĳ Ļ

ĥĜİĉÒī÷įġĜĜİļ7÷îĉÒī÷îĹī÷Ķġ

į«ĻĥĜİĉÒī÷įġĉ®Ĝļ7÷îĉÒī÷îĹī÷Ķġ

² ŮůŴĎĻĥĜİĹī÷įġ®Ĝļ7÷îĉÒī÷îĹī÷Ķġ

l ŮůŴĎĻĥĜİĹī÷įġĉ®Ĝİļ7÷îĉÒī÷îĹī÷Ķġ

3. Insert appropriate particles in the parentheses.

Ņ What is in your bag?

į«ĻļĽĽĽĶğ

ĵ İ

ļĽĽĽĶĉÒī÷įġ

 (Response to Ņ) There is a book in my bag.

ĳ Ļ

ļĽĽĽĶĉÒī÷ġ

² Who is in the room?

¹ħ

¼Ě

ļĽĽĽĶĭAļĽĽĽĶĹī÷įġ

l (Response to ²) Chan-san is.

ŮůŴĎĻļĽĽĽĶĹī÷ġ

j What is in your backpack?

į«ĻļĽĽĽĶğ

ĵ İ

ļĽĽĽĶĉÒī÷įġ

3 (Response to j) It has books and notebooks inside.

ķļĽ Ľ Ľ ĶŚŵŭļĽĽĽĶĉÒī÷ġ

G (Response to j) It has things like books and notebooks inside.

ķļĽ Ľ Ľ ĶŚŵŭļĽĽĽĶĉÒī÷ġ

4. Choose the right verb (the speaker is talking to a visitor; ăüļĚīĵįĶĎĻ is a friend of the

speaker).

Ņ ă

Ěī

ĵį

ĎĻĥæ

ĲĮĺ

ĸ Ġ

İļĹī÷îĹËĸÊĹī÷îĉÒī÷Ķġ

138 Stage 1-5 (Workbook 1)

 ŮůŴĔ

ĬĻ

ĬĹ

ĥæ

ĲĮĺ

ĸ Ġ

İļĹī÷îĹËĸÊĹī÷îĉÒī÷Ķġ

² ŮůŴĔ

ĬĻ

ĬĹ

ėÀ

Ĺ

ĥæ

ĲĮĺ

ĸ Ġ

İļĹī÷îĹËĸÊĹī÷îĉÒī÷Ķġ

l ŮůŴĔ

ĬĻ

ĬĹ

ėķ

ĳ Ļ

ĥæ

ĲĮĺ

ĸ Ġ

İļĹī÷îĹËĸÊĹī÷îĉÒī÷Ķġ

5. New vocabulary: (R: S1-5-2)

 ¿ļĎĠĶ

and

ÜļĞīĶ

: “Paper money” and “coins,” respectively. Both are used as suffixes for

specific denominations of Japanese currency. Please remember that the pronunciation of Ğī

should be ĭī when following ĕ. The counter for bills is ļīĹĶ while that for coins is Ġ or -

ļĜĶ.

Denomination Kanji Kana Meaning

1,000 Øĕ¿ ĬĻĐĻĎĠ 1,000-yen bill

5,000 ČØĕ¿ ĘĬĻĐĻĎĠ 5,000-yen bil

10,000 ćÔĕ¿ ĹģīĻĐĻĎĠ 10,000-yen bill

1 ćĕÜ ĹģĐĻĭī 1-yen coin

5 ČĕÜ ĘĐĻĭī 5-yen coin

10 íĕÜ ēĤĺĐĻĭī 10-yen coin

50 ČíĕÜ ĘēĤĺĐĻĭī 50-yen coin

100 ôĕÜ áÊıĐĻĭī 100-yen coin

500 ČôĕÜ ĘáÊıĐĻĭī 500-yen coin

1. Ĝė¹ħ

¼Ě

ėķ

ĳ Ļ

ĭ ĵ

İķ

ĳ Ļ

Ěm

Ĺ ¶

ĵ_

ĸ Ê



ĸĻ

čĞıĎĻĉÒī÷ġ

bookshelves various photos

2. ª

Ď Ĺ

İć

Ĺ ģ

ī Ļ

Đ Ļ

ĎĠ

ĚČ

áÊı

Đ Ļ

ĭī

čĉÒī÷ġÚ

ĠıĐ

ė

®«

İęĉÒī÷ġ

wallet 10,000-yen bill 500-yen coin side

3. ĪĵÒė

ĺ ģ

İ©

čĹ

Ĝı

ē Ļ

ėą

čı

ĬĹ

čè

Ļ7Ĺī÷ġ

next door foreign person live

4. U

ä Ļ

ĲĤĺ

ĸ Ġ

İÅ

Ī ĺ

ĬĻ

ĬĹ

ĥĹËĸÊĹīĬĻġĔĢĥĦx

Ğı

İĹËĸÊĹī÷ġ

faculty office someone else’s home

5. Ú

ĠıĐ

ė}

Ĳó

ĸİĥ©

čĹ

Ĝı

ėĦ

įĆ

ĚĲAĹĵĴ

ĳ Ļ

ė¢

įù

čĉÒī÷ġ

drawer foreign country money paper

6. ĉėŏŲŵŭė]Æ

ģį

İĊ

ĥ ĵ

ĚŋűŭşŴĚķ

ĳ Ļ

čĉÒī÷ġ

basement flower shop book store



The verb

èļ÷Ķļ÷ùī÷Ķ

: “To live” or “to reside.” To say where one resides, use the È-form

of èļ÷Ķļ÷ùī÷Ķ with ĹÖ:

đĥě

Ĺ ī

ĩĴķİè

Ļ7 Ĺī÷ġ

I live in Japan now.

đĥ°ò

Ë Ĺ Ć Ļ

ĩĴķİè

ùī÷ġ

I will live in Japan next year.

 ĦxļĞıĶ

: “Someone else’s house.” For either the speaker’s own or someone else’s home, the

more neutral ļĺģîĹĐĶ can be used.

 ļùĬĶ

and

ħļĚĶ

: Both kanji, ļùĬĶ and ħļĚĶ, mean “store.” ļùĬĶis a stand-alone

noun, but ħļĚĶis used only as a suffix. For instance, see the following examples:

ĦĦ

ĲĹ

ùĬ

a big store \

Ħę

ĸ ¶

Ĺ

ùĬ

an interesting store

ĳ Ļ

a book store Ċ

ĥ ĵ

a flower shop

In Japan, there are still quite a few specialty stores, although nowadays there are also countless

department stores and supermarkets.

PRODUCTION

6. Preparatory task: Do mechanical practice as needed to memorize the new vocabulary for this

unit. Use the structures of this unit whenever appropriate.

7. Translation self-check: The example sentences with the new vocabulary given above have been

translated here into equivalent English sentences (the translation is not word-for-word). Try

checking the accuracy of your translation by translating them back into Japanese.

8. Pair work: Question-and-answer.

Example:

Q: ĉėª

Ď Ĺ

İğ

ĵ İ

čĉÒī÷įġ

A: ć

Ĺ ģ

ī Ļ

Đ Ļ

ĎĠ

ĪČ

áÊı

Đ Ļ

ĭī

čĉÒī÷ġ

Stage 1-5 (Workbook 1) 139

1. Books, various photos, and the like, are on the bookshelves of this room.

2. There are 10,000-yen bills, 500-yen coins, and other money in the wallet. There are some bills

at the side of the desk, too.

3. A student from a foreign country lives next door.

4. Kato-sensei is not in his office. He is at his house.

5. Foreign money, beautiful Japanese paper, and other such things are in the desk drawer.

6. There are flower shops, restaurants, bookstores, and other shops in the basement of that

department store.