Suk-in Chang. Modern Conversational Korean

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.

80

Modern

Conversational

Korean

Distinguishing

Similar

Vowels

This

lesson

centers

on

the

vocalization

of

-1.

In

5}

the

tongue

is

high

back

and

the

lips

are

spread.

This

syllable

is

pronounced

in

three

different

ways.

1.

£]—ofl

:

When

5]

is

used

as

a

particle

for

nouns,

it is

usually

pronounced

ofl:

v-f.2]

mine

5]*|-5}

the

doctor's

^-.515]

the

school's

H^)

yours

-*d^5}

the

teacher's

2.

5}-»-.o_

/

51

:

5]

is

sometimes

pronounced

£-

and/or

£\:

5}^-

discussion

s)&i\

medical

college

5]^^.

(acity's

name)

51^]-

chair

£\*\-

doctor

£)7£

opinion

3.

£)-*o]

/

^

:

5|

is

sometimes

pronounced

°1

•

conference

seat

^

jif

^

surgeon

righteousness,

justice

5)

^

meaning

81

18.

*}#

*]?}

Closing

Time

Mr.

Kim

leaves

work

early.

ahead,

first

-

31

future

tense

(Note

59)

u

19}^y^

to

be

sorry,

to

be

regret

(Note

60)

n]

o}^-^

r+.

t^

^

7^

^M

i^..i'm

sony

to

leave

first.

to

be

all

right

It's

all

right.

Please

go

ahead.

Well,

good-bye

then.

tomorrow

Yes,

I'll

see

you

again

tomorrow.

Grammar

Notes

Note

59.

—

38

—

future

tense

insert:

verb

stem

+

38

+

verb

ending.

7\)

—

3il

indicates

future

tense.

(Some

Korean

linguistic

scholars

call

this

the

presumptive

tense).

i+)

In

formal

linguistics,

—

38

—

is

considered

one

in

a

series

of

suffixes;

however,

for

purposes

of

this

textbook,

the

author

has

chosen

to

use

the

term

insert

in

order

to

emphasize

the

fact

that

it is

inserted

between

the

verb

stem

and

the

verb

ending.

*+)

When

the

honorific

insert

—

-*1

—

is

indicated

it

precedes

38,

and

honors

the

person

of

whom

one

is

speaking.

This

is

often,

but

not

always,

the

person

to

whom

one

is

speaking.

Examples:

7\^°\&_

(I)

will

go

7\x\7&°]$_

He/She

will

go.

H

38

<H

-S-

(I)

will

read

%\

jM

3fl

<H

-3-

He/She

will

read.

sj-)

Scholars

of

the

Korean

language

point

out

that

the

insert

—3S

has

uses

other

than

the

indication

of

the

future

in

general;

that

is,

—

3H

indicates

conjecture

and

volition.

82

Modern

Conversational

Korean

7\

*)7}

_2_2}<H_a_.

It's

going

to

rain

tomorrow.

It's

going

to

get

colder.

I'm

going

to

school

tomorrow

I'll

do

my

assignments.

^1-H-fe-

^

21<H

-3-.

I,

too,

will

eat

an

apple.

I'll

also

do

that.

Note60.

al°J:«l)-2-

(

^l^tW1^)

phrase

(I'm)

sorry,

excuse

(me),

pardon

(me).

?\)

These

words

express

apology

and

a

feeling

of

regret.

M-)

In

ordinary

conversation

*|<SHIJL

is

used

more

frequently

than

Pattern

Practice

Additional

Vocabulary

^

M-1^

to

leave;

to

start

^^}

•8-

bread

-*1

^-*]-4

sf

^

packaged

noodles

^1

^^l

*1«M

geography

-^-^l"^!-1^

*1

rain

'

^^1

1.

JL71

:

7)-i+

.

S,

:

n]

ov^j-u)

cf.

a

Chinese

ideograph

to

start

Cheju-do

to

arrive,

to

reach

weather

1)

3)

14

2.

i7l

:

1)

s,:

3)

«I44

3.

*±

H4

s,:

S,:

s,:

s,:

Lesson

18

83

2.

3)

Distinguishing

Similar

Vowels

This

lesson

concentrates

on

the

pronunciation

of

-r|.

In

-A

the

tongue

is

high

front

and

the

lips

are

rounded.

This

letter

may

be

pronounced

in

two

different

ways:

1.

The

i"

and

1

may

be

pronounced

consecutively

and

the

result

is

the

sound

wee,

2.

The

-r

and

]

combined

into

a

single

sound,

i.e.

the

lips

are

formed

as

for

~r

but

]

is

pronounced.

Examples:

,

pronounced

consecutively

^

^

danger

?\5\

scissors

^

ear

3J

stomach

*1

^)

social

status

-fl

^S

hygiene

•fl

"5-

a

consolatory

inquiry

j

combined

into

a

single

sound

*\$\

son-in-law

^]

**l ■?]

diaper

^

mouse

4

4

to

rest

€

fifty

^ ^

4

to

turn

inside

out

■^

oj?

gastric

j

uices

84

19.

o}t^

*j)

a]

7}&<?

What

Route

Are

You

Taking?

Mr.

Pak

wonders

where

John

is

going

now.

*l"o"

now

(Note

61)

-(-£-)

JL

to

(towards)

(Note

62)

Where

are

you

going

now?

house/home

(Note

63)

(I)

am

going

home.

through,

via,

by

way

of

(Note

64)

What

route

are

you

taking?

Nam-san

I'm

going

by

way

of

Nam-san.

Grammar

Notes

Note

61.

*1

^r

noun

now,

the

present

at,

this

time

7\)

*IteI"

may

be

used

both with

present

and

past

tense

verbs.

When

it

is

used

in

the

present

tense,

it

indicates

the

immediate

future,

but

when

it

is

used

in

the

past

tense,

it

indicates

the

immediate

past.

Past

tense

is

presented

in

Lesson

22.

Examples:

a]

ofl

A

?

What

time

is

it

now?

*H-£L

?

What

are

you

doing

now?

SM-S-

Fllgonow.

M-)

Korean

adverbs

modify

verbs,

noun

modifiers,

other

adverbs,

pre-

nouns,

phrases,

or

whole

sentences.

Among

these

the

following

are

frequently

used

adverbs:

&

well

<>W

still

*\3-

rightly;

right

away

tf

all

»g-g-

just

now

i-g-(#)

a

little

#

really -^

always

7\^

occasionally

«l

quite

^

without

fail

*\*r

often

°V^

extremely

<H>H

quickly

S-

again

^f^i

again

Scl

many

^^

quickly

Lesson

19

85

Note

62.

-(£-)3.

particle

to,

towards;

with;

by

(means

of);

as;

into;

function

as.

7\)

The

helping

sound

-£■

is

used

after

nouns

ending

in

a

consonant

except

when

the

final

consonant

is

e

.

Examples:

ys.3-

7\&..

I'm

going

to

the

dining

room.

I'm

going

to

Chong-no.

I'm

going

to

Seoul.

M-)

The

particle

-

(£-)3.

preceded

by

a

noun

indicates

the

direction

in

which

one

is

going,

the

way

in

which

someone

does

something,

or

the

way

in

which

something

is

used.

Examples:

cfl

Af

jbJ-^.5.

7}£_,

I'm

going

to

the

embassy.

7]*Y3-

7}3l.

(I'm)

going

by

train.

^

>*]

3- £f

Jl.

(I'm)

coming

by

taxi.

<£

sQ.3-

#i-}

c+.

(I)

write

with

a

pencil.

-If-JL7]#_£..§-

^r^l-S..

Please

give

me

meat

suitable

for

Korean

roast beef.

c+)

—

(Sj)3.

in

other

contexts

indicates

one's

work

or

profession

or

the

language

in

which

one

speaks.

Examples:

I

"^|--£-.

(I)

come

as

a

missionary.

That

person

is

a

professor

at

Yonsei

3MI-S-.

University.

(I)

attend

here

as

a

student.

Please

speak

in

Korean.

Note

63.

^

noun

house;

home.

7})

The

honorific

form

of

^J

is

^

.

Note

64.

—

(-2.).5-

*fl^H

pattern

through,

via,

by

way

of

7\)

The

name

of

a

place

or

location

must

always

precede

-

(-20-3

and

such

action

verbs

as

7)-cf,

or

i4

must

always

follow.

Examples:

Q:

<>M-£-

*H^i

^-JiL<Hi

£f_3_.

By

what

route

do

you

come

to

school?

A:

^-3-3.

*fl^|

^+^-.

I

come

via

Chong-no.

86

Modern

Conversational

Korean

Used

alone,

—(^l)5.

indicates

a

simple

destination

or

direction,

but

—

(3.)3-

«M

indicates

an

intermediate

destination,

e.g.

going

via

or

through

some

place

enroute

to

the

final

destination.

Examples:

Q:

*]-£•

o^-S-

7V_Sl?

Where

are

you

going

now?

A:

°]

-^--£-5-

?}£-.

I'm

going

to

America.

Q:

<H

^

3.

*$

>H

7]-^.

?

Where

are

you

going

along

the

way?

A:

$-%-£-£.

*$*\

?}£-.

I'm

going

by

way

of

Hong

Kong.

Additional

Vocabulary

*]

^

downtown

32.41

classroom

^^

billiards

hall

^

*3"

restaurant

1.

iL7l:oi^

Pattern

Practice

°1^1^

It'ae-won

7&7i

Q

Ch'ang-gydng-won

(the

zoo

in

Seoul)

nj-jL

Map'o

(an

area

in

Seoul)

cf*8-

tearoom

S,

:

^1

-g-

<H

t^

^_

7H]_2_

?

l)

2)

°\t\

3)

sx:

2)

s.

S,

S,

s,

2)

3)

7H1-S.?

3)

Lesson

19

87

Distinguishing

Similar

Consonants

The

consonants

b

,

m*,

and

ji

are

the

focus

of

this

lesson.

Pronounce

the

following

words

with

reference

to

Tables

9

and

10

in

the

Appendix:

-g-

fire

^

to

be

empty;

to

cut

H

*

a

rice

plant

«H

to

sink

into

*H

^

+

to

rub

(in)

H-s

a

horn

#

+

to

sprain

31)

c

a

bone

^)

f

to

take

out

*HC

lt^

to

be

fast

*H

grass;

glue

f

to

bloom

blood

1-

to

split

t

blue

88

20.

Role

Playing

And

Other

Exercises

1.

In

role

playing,

pretend

you

are

buying

the

items

pictured

below.

3.

Fill

in

the

blanks.

1)

2)

3)

2.

Change

the

verb

endings

in

the

following

sentences

to

formal

style

and

practice

the

formal

conversations

between

persons

A

and

B.

A:

<lh|

^Ml-S.

?

5.

41*3^.

B:

<*fl,

A:

ht^I^M'IJe-

^V1^

"&M1-SL

?

.B:

°fl

A:

7*1-g-

o^

r^l

c^|

7f/^l^_?

B:

°§.

A:

-^-5-

7H1JL?

B:

^1-

A:

^-^,

SL

*Q5Jlo]£-.

B:

*lt

)

7]-JL?

Lesson

20

89

4.

Change'

the

following

sentences

to

formal

speech.

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

5.

Make

the

correct

connections

by

drawing

lines

between

words

in

the

left

column

and

in

the

right

column:

1.

7ij

animals(s),

fishes

2.

*g

bottle(s)

3.

^

sheet(s)

4.

■&■

pencil

(s)

5.

n}-^

money

6.

*}

cup(s),

glass(es)

7.

^^1

person(s)

8.

H

pair(s)

9.

*>+

thing(s)

10. 3L

book(s)

Distinguishing

Similar

Consonants

This

lesson

concentrates

on

7

,

77

,

and

3

.

Read

the

following

words

with

reference

to

Tables

9

and

10

in

the

Appendix:

1

77

3

7]

a

flag

-5-

375

gm.

to

clear

up

to

be

long

in

coming

gold

v\

a

meal

¥\

■S-

a

string

€:

^

*\

to

wake

up

"A

^

7&7&-s\x^

to

be

dark

*^-*}

32.4

to

turn

off

3-^

stature

big

to

dig

up

4-

to

be

dark

to

be

big,

large