Kutz M. Handbook of materials selection

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98 ALUMINUM ALLOYS

A letter before the numerical designation indicates a modiﬁcation of the orig-

inal alloy or an impurity limit. These serial letters are assigned in alphabetical

sequence starting with A, but omitting I, O, Q, and X, with X being reserved

for experimental alloys. Note that explicit rules have been established for deter-

mining whether a proposed composition is a modiﬁcation of an existing alloy

or if it is a new alloy.

Experimental alloys of either the wrought or cast series are indicated by the

addition of the preﬁx X. The preﬁx is dropped when the alloy is no longer

experimental. However, during development and before an alloy is designated

as experimental, a new composition may be identiﬁed by a serial number as-

signed by the originator. Use of the serial number is discontinued when the

composition is registered with the Aluminum Association, Inc., and the ANSI

H35.1 designation is assigned.

The compositions of a representative group of widely used commercial cast

aluminum alloys are given in Table 4, taken from Standards for Aluminum Sand

and Permanent Mold Castings

and other Aluminum Association and aluminum

casting industry publications.

2.3 Aluminum Alloy Temper Designation System

The temper designation is always presented immediately following the alloy

designation (see Sections 2.1 and 2.2), with a dash (-) between the two, e.g.,

2014-T6.

The ﬁrst character in the temper designation is a capital letter indicating the

general class of treatment as follows:

⫽ As-Fabricated. Applies to wrought or cast products made by shaping

processes in which there is no special control over thermal conditions or

strain-hardening processes employed to achieve speciﬁc properties. For

wrought alloys there are no mechanical property limits associated with this

temper, though for cast alloys there may be.

⫽ Annealed. Applies to wrought products that are annealed to obtain the

lower strength temper, usually to increase subsequent workability, and to

cast products that are annealed to improve ductility and dimensional sta-

bility. The O may be followed by a digit other than zero.

⫽ Strain Hardened. Applies to products that have their strength increased

by strain hardening. They may or may not have supplementary thermal

treatments to produce some reduction in strength. The H is always followed

by two or more digits.

⫽ Solution Heat treated. Applies only to alloys that age spontaneously

after solution heat treating. This designation is speciﬁc only when digits

are used in combination with W to indicate the period of natural aging,

viz. W h.

–

T ⫽ Thermally Treated to Produce Stable Tempers other Than F. Applies to

products that are thermally treated, with or without supplementary strain

hardening, to produce stable tempers. The T is always followed by one or

more digits.

The most widely used temper designations above are the H and T categories,

and these are always followed by from one to four numeric digits that provide

2 DESIGNATION SYSTEMS 99

Table 4 Nominal Compositions of Aluminum Alloy Castings

Alloy

Percent of Alloying Elements

Silicon Copper Manganese Magnesium Chromium Nickel Zinc Titanium Notes

201.0 — 4.6 0.35 0.35 — — — 0.25 1

204.0 — 4.6 — 0.25 — — — —

A206.0 — 4.6 0.35 0.25 — — — 0.22

208.0 3.0 4.0 — — — — — —

213.0 2.0 7.0 — — — — 2.5 — 2

222.0 — 10.0 — 0.25 — — — —

224.0 — 5.0 0.35 — — — — — 3

240.0 — 8.0 0.5 6.0 — 0.5 — —

242.0 — 4.0 — 1.5 — 2.0 — —

A242.0 — 4.1 — 1.4 0.20 2.0 — 0.14

295.0 1.1 4.5 — — — — — —

308.0 5.5 4.5 — — — — — —

319.0 6.0 3.5 — — — — — —

328.0 8.0 1.5 0.40 0.40 — — — —

332.0 9.5 3.0 — 1.0 — — — —

333.0 9.0 3.5 — 0.28 — — — —

336.0 12.0 1.0 — 1.0 — 2.5 — —

354.0 9.0 1.8 — 0.5 — — — —

355.0 5.0 1.25 — 0.5 — — — —

C355.0 5.0 1.25 — 0.5 — — — — 4

356.0 7.0 — — 0.32 — — — —

A356.0 7.0 — — 0.35 — — — — 4

357.0 7.0 — — 0.52 — — — —

A357.0 7.0 — — 0.55 — — — 0.12 4, 5

359.0 9.0 — — 0.6 — — — —

360.0 9.5 — — 0.5 — — — —

A360.0 9.5 — — 0.5 — — — — 4

380.0 8.5 3.5 — — — — — —

A380.0 8.5 3.5 — — — — — — 4

383.0 10.5 2.5 — — — — — —

384.0 11.2 3.8 — — — — — —

B390.0 17.0 4.5 — 0.55 — — — —

413.0 12.0 — — — — — — —

A413.0 12.0 — — — — — — —

443.0 5.2 — — — — — — —

B443.0 5.2 — — — — — — — 4

C443.0 5.2 6

A444.0 7.0 — — — — — — —

512.0 1.8 — — 4.0 — — — —

513.0 — — — 4.0 — — 1.8 —

514.0 — — — 4.0 — — — —

518.0 — — — 8.0 — — — —

520.0 — — — 10.0 — — — —

535.0 — — 0.18 6.8 — — — 0.18 7

705.0 — — 0.5 1.6 0.30 — 3.0 —

707.0 — — 0.50 2.1 0.30 — 4.2 —

710.0 — 0.50 — 0.7 — — 6.5 —

711.0 — 0.50 — 0.35 — — 6.5 — 8

712.0 — — — 0.58 0.50 — 6.0 0.20

713.0 — 0.7 — 0.35 — — 7.5 —

771.0 — — — 0.9 0.40 — 7.0 0.15

850.0 — 1.0 — — — 1.0 — — 9

851.0 2.5 1.0 — — — 0.50 — — 9

852.0 — 2.0 — 0.75 — 1.2 — — 9

100 ALUMINUM ALLOYS

Table 4 (Continued )

Based upon industry handbooks,

5–8

consult those references for speciﬁed limits. Values are nominal,

i.e., average of range of limits for elements for which a range is shown; values are representative of

separately cast test bars, not of specimens taken from commercial castings.

Aluminum and normal impurities constitute remainder.

1. Also contains 0.7% silver.

2. Also contains 1.2% iron.

3. Also contains 0.10% vanadium and 0.18% zirconium.

4. Impurity limits are much lower for this alloy than for alloy listed above it.

5. Also contains 0.055% beryllium.

6. Also contains up to 2.0% total Iron.

7. Also contains 0.005% beryllium and 0.005% boron.

8. Also contains 1.0 iron.

9. Also contains 6.2% tin.

more detail about how the alloy has been fabricated. It is beyond the scope of

this volume to describe the system in further detail and the reader if referred to

refs. 1, 4, and 5 for additional needed information.

3 PROPERTIES OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS

The properties of a representative group of wrought aluminum alloys are shown

in Tables 5 and 6. The properties of a representative group of cast aluminum

alloys are shown in Tables 7 and 8.

4 APPLICATIONS OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS

There are at least two approaches to overviewing important applications of alu-

minum alloys: by alloy class, as initiated in Sections 1.1 and 1.2 and carried out

in greater detail below, and by type of application. We will consider both ap-

proaches in the information below, reviewing by alloy class in Section 4.1 and

by application in Section 4.2.

All photographs in this chapter are courtesy of the Aluminum Association,

Inc. For a more complete discussion of these and other applications of aluminum

alloys, the reader is referred to D. G. Altenpohl’s very complete treatise on the

aluminum industry, Aluminum: Technology, Applications, and Environment.

4.1 Applications by Alloy Class

Wrought Alloys

1xxx: Pure Al. The major characteristics of the 1xxx series are:

●

Strain hardenable

●

Exceptionally high formability, corrosion resistance, and electrical con-

ductivity

●

Typical ultimate tensile strength range: 10–27 ksi

●

Readily joined by welding, brazing, soldering

The 1xxx series represents the commercially pure aluminum, ranging from

the baseline 1100 (99.00% min. Al) to relatively purer 1050/1350 (99.50% min.

4 APPLICATIONS OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS 101

Table 5 Typical Mechanical Properties of Wrought Aluminum Alloys

Alloy & Temper

Tension

Ultimate

Strength

(ksi)

Yield

Strength

(ksi)

Elongation (%)

in 2 in

in 4D

Hardness

Brinell

Number

(500 kg / 10 mm)

Shear

Ultimate

Strength

(ksi)

Fatigue

Endurance

Limit

(ksi)

Modulus

Elasticity

(10

ksi)

1060-O 10 4 43 — 19 7 3 10.0

1060-H12 12 11 16 — 23 8 4 10.0

1060-H14 14 13 12 — 26 9 5 10.0

1060-H16 16 15 8 — 30 10 6.5 10.0

1060-H18 19 18 6 — 35 11 6.5 10.0

1100-O 13 5 35 45 23 9 5 10.0

1100-H12 16 15 12 25 28 10 6 10.0

1100-H14 18 17 9 20 32 11 7 10.0

1100-H16 21 20 6 17 38 12 9 10.0

1100-H18 24 22 5 15 44 13 9 10.0

1350-O 12 4 23

— — 8 — 10.0

1350-H12 14 12 — — — 9 — 10.0

1350-H14 16 14 — — — 10 — 10.0

1350-H16 18 16 — — — 11 — 10.0

1350-H19 27 24 1.5

— — 15 — 10.0

2008-T4 36 18 28 — 21 — 10.2

2010-T4 35 19 25 21 8 10.2

2011-T3 55 43 — 15 96 32 18 10.2

2011-T8 59 45 — 12 100 35 18 10.2

2014-O 27 14 — 18 45 18 13 10.6

2014-T4, T451 62 42 — 20 105 38 20 10.6

2014-T6, T651 70 60 — 13 135 42 18 10.6

2017-O 26 10 — 22 45 18 13 10.5

2017-T4, T451 62 40 — 22 105 38 18 10.5

2024-O 27 11 20 22 47 18 13 10.6

2024-T3 70 50 18 — 120 41 20 10.6

2024-T4, T351 68 47 20 19 120 41 20 10.6

2024-T361 72 57 13 — 130 42 18 10.6

2025-T6 58 37 — 19 110 35 18 10.4

2036-T4 49 28 24 — — — 18

10.3

2117-T4 43 24 — 27 70 28 14 10.3

2124-T851 70 64 — 8 — — — 10.6

2195-T351 52 36 17 — — — — 10.6

2195-T851 66 51 10 — — — — 10.6

2219-O 25 11 18 — — — — 10.6

2219-T62 60 42 10 — — — 15 10.6

2219-T81, T851 66 51 10 — — — 15 10.6

2219-T87 69 57 10 — — — 15 10.6

2618-T61 64 54 10 115 38 18 10.8

3003-O 16 6 30 40 28 11 7 10.0

3003-H12 19 18 10 20 35 12 8 10.0

3003-H14 22 21 8 16 40 14 9 10.0

3003-H16 26 25 5 14 47 15 10 10.0

3003-H18 29 27 4 10 55 16 10 10.0

3004-O 26 10 20 25 45 16 14 10.0

3004-H32 31 25 10 17 52 17 15 10.0

3004-H34 35 29 9 12 63 18 15 10.0

3004-H36 38 33 5 9 70 20 16 10.0

3004-H38 41 36 5 6 77 21 16 10.0

3105-O 17 8 24 — — 12 — 10.0

3105-H12 22 19 7 — — 14 — 10.0

3105-H14 25 22 5 — — 15 — 10.0

3105-H16 28 25 4 — — 16 — 10.0

3105-H18 31 28 3 — — 17 — 10.0

3105-H25 26 23 8 — — 15 — 10.0

4032-T6 55 46 9 120 38 16 11.4

5005-O 18 6 25 — 28 11 — 10.0

5005-H32 20 17 11 — 36 14 — 10.0

5005-H34 23 20 8 — 41 14 — 10.0

5005-H36 26 24 6 — 46 15 — 10.0

5005-H38 29 27 6 — 51 16 — 10.0

102 ALUMINUM ALLOYS

Table 5 (Continued )

Alloy & Temper

Tension

Ultimate

Strength

(ksi)

Yield

Strength

(ksi)

Elongation (%)

in 2 in

in 4D

Hardness

Brinell

Number

(500 kg / 10 mm)

Shear

Ultimate

Strength

(ksi)

Fatigue

Endurance

Limit

(ksi)

Modulus

Elasticity

(10

ksi)

5050-O 21 8 24 — 36 15 12 10.0

5050-H32 25 21 9 — 46 17 13 10.0

5050-H34 28 24 8 — 53 18 13 10.0

5050-H36 30 26 7 — 58 19 14 10.0

5050-H38 32 29 6 — 63 20 14 10.0

5052-O 28 13 25 30 47 18 16 10.2

5052-H32 33 28 12 18 60 20 17 10.2

5052-H34 38 31 10 14 68 21 18 10.2

5052-H36 40 35 8 10 73 23 19 10.2

5052-H38 42 37 7 8 77 24 20 10.2

5056-O 42 22 — 35 65 26 20 10.3

5056-H18 63 59 — 10 105 34 22 10.3

5056-H38 60 50 — 15 100 32 22 10.3

5083-O 42 21 — 22 — 25 — 10.3

5083-H116 46 33 — 16 — — 23 10.3

5083-H321 46 33 — 16 — — 23 10.3

5086-O 38 17 22 — — 23 — 10.3

5086-H32 42 30 12 — — — — 10.3

5086-H34 47 37 10 — — 27 — 10.3

5086-H116 42 30 12 — — — — 10.3

5154-O 35 17 27 — 58 22 17 10.2

5154-H32 39 30 15 — 67 22 18 10.2

5154-H34 42 33 13 — 73 24 19 10.2

5154-H36 45 36 12 — 78 26 20 10.2

5154-H38 48 39 10 — 80 28 21 10.2

5454-O 36 17 22 — 62 23 — 10.2

454-H32 40 30 10 — 73 24 — 10.2

5454-H34 44 35 10 — 81 26 — 10.2

5454-H111 38 26 14 — 70 23 — 10.2

5456-O 45 23 — 24 — — 10.3

5456-H116 51 37 — 16 90 30 — 10.3

5456-H321 51 37 — 16 90 30 — 10.3

5657-H25 23 20 12 — 40 12 — 10.0

5657-H28, H38 28 24 7 — 50 15 — 10.0

5754-O 32 14 26 — — 19 — 10.3

6009-T4 32 18 25 — — 19 — 10.0

6022-T4 37 22 26 — — 22 — 10.0

6061-O 18 8 25 30 30 12 9 10.0

6061-T4, T451 35 21 22 25 65 24 14 10.0

6061-T6, T651 45 40 12 17 95 30 14 10.0

6063-O 13 7 — — 25 10 8 10.0

6063-T4 25 13 22 — — — — 10.0

6063-T5 27 21 12 — 60 17 10 10.0

6063-T6 35 31 12 — 73 22 10 10.0

6063-T83 37 35 9 — 82 22 — 10.0

6066-O 22 12 — 18 43 14 — 10.0

6066-T4, T451 52 30 — 18 90 29 — 10.0

6066-T6, T651 57 52 — 12 120 34 16 10.0

6070-T6 55 51 10 — — 34 14 10.0

6101-H111 14 11 — — — — — 10.0

6101-T6 32 28 15 — 71 20 — 10.0

6111-T4 42 22 26 — — 25 — 10.0

6111-T41 39 22 26 — — 23 — 10.0

6262-T9 58 55 10 120 35 13 10.0

6351-T4 36 22 20 — — 44 — 10.0

6351-T6 45 41 14 — 95 29 13 10.0

7049-T73 75 65 — 12 135 44 — 10.4

7049-T7352 75 63 — 11 135 43 10.4

4 APPLICATIONS OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS 103

Table 5 (Continued )

Alloy & Temper

Tension

Ultimate

Strength

(ksi)

Yield

Strength

(ksi)

Elongation (%)

in 2 in

in 4D

Hardness

Brinell

Number

(500 kg / 10 mm)

Shear

Ultimate

Strength

(ksi)

Fatigue

Endurance

Limit

(ksi)

Modulus

Elasticity

(10

ksi)

7050-T7351X 72 63 — 12 — — — 10.4

7050-T7451 76 68 — 11 — 44 — 10.4

7050-T7651 80 71 — 11 — 47 — 10.4

7075-O 33 15 17 16 60 22 10.4

7075-T6, T651 83 73 11 11 150 48 23 10.4

7175-T74 76 66 11 135 42 23 10.4

7178-O 33 15 16 — — — — 10.4

7178-T6, T651 88 78 11 — — — — 10.4

7178-T76, T7651 83 73 11 — — — — 10.4

7475-T61 82 71 11 — — — — 10.4

7475-T651 85 74 — 13 — — — 10.4

7475-T7351 72 61 — 13 — — — 10.4

7475-T761 75 65 12 — — — — 10.4

7475-T7651 77 67 — 12 — — — 10.4

8176-H24 17 14 15 — 80 — — 10.0

Based upon industry handbooks.

1,16,17

Consult those references for limits. For tensile yield strengths,

offset

⫽ 0.2%.

Elongation measured over a 2 in. gauge length on -in thick sheet-type specimens.

––

Elongation measured over 2 in. gauge length (4D) in -in. diameter specimens.

–

Based on 500,000,000 cycles of completely reversed stress using R. R. Moore type of machines

and specimens.

Average of tension and compression moduli; compressive modulus is nominally about 2% greater

than the tension modulus.

Measured over a 10-in. gauge length in wire.

At 10

cycles with ﬂexural fatigue specimens.

Table 6 Typical Mechanical Properties of Wrought Aluminum Alloys—Metric

Alloy & Temper

Tension

Ultimate

Strength

(MPa)

Yield

Strength

(MPa)

Elongation

(%)

in 50

Hardness

Brinell

Number

(500 kg / 10 mm)

Shear

Ultimate

Strength

(MPa)

Fatigue

Endurance

Limit

(MPa)

Modulus

Elasticity

(GPa)

1060-O 70 30 43 — 19 50 20 69

1060-H12 85 75 16 — 23 55 30 69

1060-H14 100 90 12 — 26 60 35 69

1060-H16 115 105 8 — 30 70 45 69

1060-H18 130 125 6 — 35 75 45 69

1100-O 90 35 35 42 23 60 35 69

1100-H12 110 105 12 22 28 70 40 69

1100-H14 125 115 9 18 32 75 50 69

1100-H16 145 140 6 15 38 85 60 69

1100-H18 165 150 5 13 44 90 60 69

1350-O 85 30 23

— — 55 — 69

1350-H12 95 85 — — — 60 — 69

1350-H14 110 95 — — — 70 — 69

1350-H16 125 110 — — — 75 — 69

1350-H19 185 165 1.5

— — 105 — 69

2008-T4 250 125 28 — 145 70 — 70

2010-T4, T41 240 130 25 — 145 70 — 70

2011-T3 380 295 — 13 95 220 125 70

2011-T8 405 310 — 10 100 240 125 70

2014-O 185 95 — 16 45 125 90 73

2014-T4, T451 425 290 — 18 105 260 140 73

2014-T6, T651 485 415 — 11 135 290 125 73

104 ALUMINUM ALLOYS

Table 6 (Continued )

Alloy & Temper

Tension

Ultimate

Strength

(MPa)

Yield

Strength

(MPa)

Elongation

(%)

in 50

Hardness

Brinell

Number

(500 kg / 10 mm)

Shear

Ultimate

Strength

(MPa)

Fatigue

Endurance

Limit

(MPa)

Modulus

Elasticity

(GPa)

2017-O 180 70 — 20 45 125 90 73

2017-T4, T451 425 275 — 20 105 260 125 73

2024-O 185 75 20 20 47 125 90 73

2024-T3 485 345 18 — 120 285 140 73

2024-T4, T351 472 325 20 17 120 285 140 73

2024-T361 495 395 13 — 130 290 125 73

2025-T6 400 255 — 17 110 240 125 72

2036-T4 340 195 24 — — 205 125

2117-T4 295 165 — 24 70 195 95 71

2124-T851 485 440 — 8 — — — 73

2195-T351 360 250 17 — — — — 73

2195-T851 455 350 10 — — — — 73

2219-O 170 75 18 — — — — 73

2219-T62 415 290 10 — — — 105 73

2219-T81, T851 455 350 10 — — — 105 73

2219-T87 475 395 10 — — — 105 73

2618-T61 440 370 10 115 260 90 73

3003-O 110 40 30 37 28 75 50 69

3003-H12 130 125 10 18 35 85 55 69

3003-H14 150 145 8 14 40 95 60 69

3003-H16 175 170 5 12 47 105 70 69

3003-H18 200 185 4 9 55 110 70 69

3004-O 180 70 20 22 45 110 95 69

3004-H32 215 170 10 15 52 115 105 69

3004-H34 240 200 9 10 63 125 105 69

3004-H36 260 230 5 8 70 140 110 69

3004-H38 285 250 5 5 77 145 110 69

3105-O 115 55 24 — — 85 — 69

3105-H12 150 130 7 — — 95 — 69

3105-H14 170 150 5 — — 105 — 69

3105-H16 195 170 4 — — 110 — 69

3105-H18 215 195 3 — — 115 — 69

3105-H25 180 160 8 — — 95 — 69

4032-T6 380 315 9 120 260 110 79

5005-O 125 40 25 — 28 75 — 69

5005-H32 140 115 11 — 36 95 — 69

5005-H34 160 140 8 — 41 95 — 69

5005-H36 180 165 6 — 46 105 — 69

5005-H38 200 185 5 — 51 110 — 69

5050-O 145 55 24 — 36 105 85 69

5050-H32 170 145 9 — 46 115 90 69

5050-H34 190 165 8 — 53 125 90 69

5050-H36 205 180 7 — 58 130 95 69

5050-H38 220 200 6 — 63 140 95 69

5052-O 195 90 25 27 47 125 110 70

5052-H32 230 195 12 16 60 140 115 70

5052-H34 260 215 10 12 68 145 125 70

5052-H36 275 240 8 9 73 160 130 70

5052-H38 290 255 7 7 77 165 140 70

5056-O 290 150 — 32 65 180 140 71

5056-H18 435 405 — 9 105 235 150 71

5056-H38 415 345 — 13 100 220 150 71

5083-O 290 145 — 20 — 170 — 71

5083-H116 315 230 — 14 — — 160 71

5083-H321 315 230 — 14 — — 160 71

5086-O 260 115 22 — — 165 — 71

5086-H32 290 205 12 — — — — 71

5086-H34 325 255 10 — — 185 — 71

5086-H116 290 205 12 — — — — 71

4 APPLICATIONS OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS 105

Table 6 (Continued )

Alloy & Temper

Tension

Ultimate

Strength

(MPa)

Yield

Strength

(MPa)

Elongation

(%)

in 50

Hardness

Brinell

Number

(500 kg / 10 mm)

Shear

Ultimate

Strength

(MPa)

Fatigue

Endurance

Limit

(MPa)

Modulus

Elasticity

(GPa)

5154-O 240 115 27 — 58 150 115 70

5154-H32 270 205 15 — 67 150 125 70

5154-H34 290 230 13 — 73 165 130 70

5154-H36 310 250 12 — 78 180 140 70

5154-H38 330 270 10 — 80 195 145 70

5454-O 250 115 22 — 62 160 — 70

5454-H32 275 205 10 — 73 165 — 70

5454-H34 305 240 10 — 81 180 — 70

5454-H111 260 180 14 — 70 160 — 70

5456-O 310 160 — 22 — — 71

5456-H116 350 255 — 14 90 205 — 71

5456-H321 350 255 — 14 90 205 — 71

5657-H25 160 140 12 — 40 95 — 69

5657-H28, H38 195 165 7 — 50 105 — 69

5754-O 220 100 26 — — 130 — 71

6009-T4 220 125 25 — — 130 — 69

6061-O 125 55 25 27 30 85 60 69

6061-T4, T451 240 145 22 22 65 165 95 69

6061-T6, T651 310 275 12 15 95 205 95 69

6063-O 90 50 — — 25 70 55 69

6063-T4 170 90 22 — — — — 69

6063-T5 185 145 12 — 60 115 70 69

6063-T6 240 215 12 — 73 150 70 69

6063-T83 255 240 9 — 82 150 — 69

6066-O 150 85 — 16 43 95 — 69

6066-T4, T451 360 205 — 16 90 200 — 69

6066-T6, T651 395 360 — 10 120 235 110 69

6070-T6 380 350 10 — — 235 95 69

6101-H111 95 75 — — — — — 69

6101-T6 220 195 15(&) — 71 140 — 69

6111-T4 280 150 26 — — 175 — 69

6111-T41 270 150 26 — — 160 — 69

6262-T9 400 380 — 9 120 240 90 69

6351-T4 250 150 20 — — 44 — 69

6351-T6 310 285 14 — 95 200 90 69

7049-T73 515 450 — 10 135 305 — 72

7049-T7352 515 435 — 9 135 295 — 72

7050-T7351X 495 435 — 11 — — — 72

7050-T7451 525 470 — 10 — 305 — 72

7050-T7651 550 490 — 10 — 325 — 72

7075-O 230 105 17 14 60 150 72

7075-T6, T651 570 505 11 9 150 330 160 72

7175-T74 525 455 — 10 135 290 160 72

7178-O 230 105 15 14 — — — 72

7178-T6, T651 605 540 10 9 — — — 72

7178-T76, T7651 570 505 11 9 — — — 71

7475-T61 565 490 11 — — — — 70

7475-T651 585 510 — 13 — — — 72

7475-T7351 495 420 — 13 — — — 72

7475-T761 515 450 12 — — — — 70

7475-T7651 530 460 — 12 — — — 72

8176-H24 160 95 15 — — 70 — 10

106 ALUMINUM ALLOYS

Table 6 (Continued )

Based upon industry handbooks.

1,16,17

Consult those references for limits. For tensile yield strengths,

offset

⫽ 0.2%.

Elongation measured over a 500-mm. gauge length on 1.60-mm thick sheet-type specimens.

Elongation measured over 500-mm gauge length (5D) in 12.5-mm diameter specimens.

Based on 500,000,000 cycles of completely reversed stress using R.R. Moore type of machines and

specimens.

Average of tension and compression moduli; compressive modulus is nominally about 2% greater.

Measured over a 250-mm gauge length in wire.

At 10

cycles with ﬂexural fatigue specimens.

Table 7 Typical Mechanical Properties of Wrought Aluminum Alloy Castings

Alloy & Temper

Tension

Ultimate

Strength

(ksi)

Yield

Strength

(ksi)

Elongation

in2inor

4D (%)

Hardness

Brinell

Number

(500 kg / 10 mm)

Shear

Ultimate

Strength

(ksi)

Fatigue

Endurance

Limit

(ksi)

Modulus

Elasticity

(10

ksi)

Sand Cast

201.0-T6 65 55 8 130 — — —

201-0-T7 68 60 6 — — 14 —

201.0-T43 60 37 17 — — — —

204.0-T4 45 28 6 — — — —

A206.0-T4 51 36 7 — 40 — —

208.0-F 21 14 3 — 17 11 —

213.0-F 24 15 2 70 20 9 —

222.0-O 27 20 1 80 21 9.5

222.0-T61 41 40

⬍0.5 115 32 8.5 10.7

224.0-T72 55 40 10 123 35 9 10.5

240.0-F 34 28 1 90 — — —

242.0-F 31 20 1 — — — 10.3

242.0-O 27 18 1 70 21 8 10.3

242.0-T571 32 30 1 85 26 11 10.3

242.0-T61 32 20 — 90–120 — — 10.3

242.0-T77 30 23 2 75 24 10.5 10.3

A242.0-T75 31 — 2 — — — —

295.0-T4 32 16 9 80 26 7 10.0

295.0-T6 36 24 5 75 30 7.5 10.0

295.0-T62 41 32 2 90 33 8 10.0

295.0-T7 29 16 3 55–85 — — 10.0

319-F 27 18 2 70 22 10 10.7

319.0-T5 30 26 2 80 24 11 10.7

319.0-T6 36 24 2 80 29 11 10.7

328.0-F 25 14 1 45–75 — — —

328.0-T6 34 21 1 65–95 — — —

355.0-F 23 12 3 — — — 10.2

355.0-T51 28 23 2 65 22 8 10.2

355.0-T6 35 25 3 80 28 9 10.2

355.0-T61 35 35 1 90 31 9.5 10.2

355.0-T7 38 26 1 85 28 10 10.2

355.0-T71 35 29 2 75 26 10 10.2

C355.0-T6 39 29 5 85 — — —

356.0-F 24 18 6 — — — 10.5

356.0-T51 25 20 2 60 20 8 10.5

356.0-T6 33 24 4 70 26 8.5 10.5

356.0-T7 34 30 2 75 24 9 10.5

356.0-T71 28 21 4 60 20 8.5 10.5

A356.0-F 23 12 6 — — — 10.5

A356.0-T51 26 18 3 — — — 10.5

A356.0-T6 40 30 6 75 — — 10.5

A356.0-T71 30 20 3 — — — 10.5

4 APPLICATIONS OF ALUMINUM ALLOYS 107

Table 7 (Continued )

Alloy & Temper

Tension

Ultimate

Strength

(ksi)

Yield

Strength

(ksi)

Elongation

in2inor

4D (%)

Hardness

Brinell

Number

(500 kg / 10 mm)

Shear

Ultimate

Strength

(ksi)

Fatigue

Endurance

Limit

(ksi)

Modulus

Elasticity

(10

ksi)

357.0-F 25 13 5 — — — —

357.0-T51 26 17 3 — — — —

357.0-T6 50 43 2 — — — —

357.0-T7 40 34 3 60 — — —

A357.0-T6 46 36 3 85 40 12 —

359.0-T62 50 42 6 — — — —

A390.0-F 26 26

⬍1.0 100 — — —

A390.0-T5 26 26

⬍1.0 100 — — —

A390.0-T6 40 40

⬍1.0 140 — 13 —

A390.0-T7 36 36

⬍1.0 115 — — —

443.0-F 19 8 8 40 14 8 10.3

B443.0-F 17 6 3 25–55 — — —

A444.0-F 21 9 9 44 — — —

A444.0-T4 23 9 12 45

511.0-F 21 12 3 50 17 8 —

512.0-F 20 13 2 50 17 9 —

514.0-F 25 12 9 50 20 7 —

520.0-T4 48 26 16 75 34 8 —

535.0-F 35 18 9 60–90 — — —

535.0-T5 35 18 9 60–90 — — —

A535.0-F 36 18 9 65 — — —

707.0-T5 33 22 2 70–100 — — —

707.0-T7 37 30 1 65–95 — — —

710.0-F 32 20 2 60–90 — — —

710.0-T5 32 20 2 60–90 — — —

712.0-F 34 25 4 60–90 — — —

712.0-T5 34 25 4 60–90 — — —

713.0-F 32 22 3 60–90 — — —

713.0-T5 32 22 3 60–90

771.0-T5 32 27 3 70–100 — — —

771.0-T52 36 30 2 70–100 — — —

771.0-T53 36 27 2 — — — —

771.0-T6 42 35 5 75–105 — — —

771.0-T71 48 45 2 105–135 — — —

850.0-T5 20 11 8 45 14 — 10.3

851.0-T5 20 11 5 45 14 — 10.3

852.0-T5 27 22 2 65 18 10 10.3

Permanent Mold

201.0-T6 65 55 8 130 — — —

201-0-T7 68 60 6 — — 14 —

201.0-T43 60 37 17 — — — —

204.0-T4 48 29 8 — — — —

A206.0-T4 62 38 17 — 42 — —

A206.0-T7 63 50 12 — 37 — —

208.0-T6 35 22 2 75–105 — — —

208.0-T7 33 16 3 65–95 — — —

213.0-F 30 24 2 85 24 9.5 —

222.0-T551 37 35

⬍0.5 115 30 8.5 10.7

222.0-T52 35 31 1 100 25 — 10.7

238.0-F 30 24 2 100 24 — —

242.0-T571 40 34 1 105 30 10.5 10.3

242.0-T61 47 42 1 110 35 10 10.3

A249.0-T63 69 60 6 — — — —

296.0-T7 39 20 5 80 30 9 10.1

308.0-F 28 16 2 70 22 13 —