Kolodziejczyk Dariusz. The Crimean Khanate and Poland-Lithuania (ENG)

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894 document 49 (26 september–5 october 1632)

side nothing will occur contrary or in violation of our word; it is unlikely that

anything other than good could happen.

As we have no other wish than [to keep] friendship and wellbeing, this letter

has been written with aection [in desire of] long lasting friendship.

I have nothing to add but a prayer for whomsoever has followed the right

path [i.e., Islam]! Written in the second decade of the month of Rebi I of the

year 1042,

in the abode of Baghchasaray, the well- protected (“correct”).

[seal] Djanibek Giray Khan, son of Mübarek Giray Sultan

e standard Arabic formula is followed by a redundant repeated word seneti

(“of the year”) followed by the year number written again in numerals.

Sahh, a typical bureaucratic formula of approval appended at the end of the

document.

In the middle of the seal there is the trident-shaped emblem of the Girays (taraq

tamġa). Djanibek’s father, Mübarek Giray, was not a khan, therefore he is referred to

merely as a prince (sultan). Djanibek’s accession to the throne was facilitated by the

fact that he was adopted by his uncle, Selamet Giray Khan; cf. Document 44, n. 16.

DOCUMENT 50 (2–11 NOVEMBER 1634)

e ‘ahdname sent by Khan Djanibek Giray to King Vladislaus IV

[Facs. VI]

Original paper document in Turkish (Crimean Tatar mixed with Ottoman

Turkish): AGAD, AKW, Dz. tat., k. 63, t. 23, no. 484.

156 × 40 cm. (4 sheets glued together)

invocation (gold): divani script

tuġra (gold with brown, red, orange, and blue): 25.5 × 29 cm.

text (black with gold insertions): divani script

the black almond-like seal of Djanibek Giray (1.7 cm. in height) is impressed

at the bottom

Published in Materialy dlja istorii Krymskago xanstva, pp. 113–117.

Polish 17th-century translation by Samuel Otwinowski: a) AGAD, AKW, Dz.

tat., k. 63, t. 23, no. 485 (copied by Antoni Crutta); b) Bibl. Ossol., ms. 3555,

fol. 348a-353a; c) Bibl. Czart., ms. 611, pp. 523–530.

Hüve al-ġani al-muġni al-mu‘ti al-mu‘in

Canibek Gėrey Han sözümüz

[1] Uluġ orda ve uluġ yurtnıŋ ve Deşt-i Qıpçaqnıŋ ve taht-i Qırımnıŋ ve

sansız köp Tatarnıŋ ve saġışsız Noġaynıŋ ve Tat bile

[2] Tavgaçnıŋ ve taġ ara Çerkeçniŋ ve cümle-i mü’minin ve müsliminniŋ

uluġ padişahı ‘azametli ve rif ‘atlı ve şevketli uluġ han-i a‘zam

[3] ve haqan-i mu‘azzam Canibek Gėrey Han edame`llahu ta‘ala eyyame

‘ömrihi ve devletihi ila yevmi`l-mizan hazretlerinden uluġ orda ve

uluġ

[4] yurtnıŋ ve köp Hrıstyannıŋ ve barça Lėh vilayetleriniŋ uluġ padişahı

ve uluġ qıralı qardaşımız ve uluġ dostumuz

[5] uluġ padişah . . .

dame hayran bi`s-selameti ila yevmi`l-qıyam savbına

köpden köp selam qılıp nedir mübarek hatırıŋız

[6] yahşımısız hoşmısız dėb

sorġanmızdan soŋra i‘lam-i yarlıġ-i şerif-i

hani oldur ki bundan burun Bar hetmanı devlet-qapumuza

[7] ėki üç qatla kişisin yiberib ‘arz-i hal qılıb uzun uz<v>aq barış yarış bolur

içün ötil qıldı ėrse taqı qıralımız hazretleri

[8] taqı barça yurt beyleri bile sem qılġan zamanda uluġ cem‘iyet bolup

söyleşdik öz ayinimizçe aramızda ‘ahd qılıp qavl

Empty space was le to ll in the king’s name.

It can be also read deyib.

896 document 50 (2–11 november 1634)

[9] vėrüp söyleşdik dėb bildirdi ėrse mėn uluġ padişah Canibek Gėrey Han

hazretleri ol sözçe ‘amel qılıb Bar hetmanı

[10] qılġan ötilinçe benim dahi ‘inayet-i şahanem vücuda kelib qıdvetü`l-

ümera’i`l-kiram zübdetü`l-kübera’i`l-ham içki begimiz İbraş Bekni siz

[11] qardaşımız uluġ padişah köp Hrıstyan qıralı dostumuza uzun uzaq

barış yarış bolıp yibergen ėrdik

[12] siz qardaşımız da bolsaŋuz hala barça Lėh vilayetine ve köp memlekete

qıral bolıb taht-i hükumetge kėçib uluġ padişah

[13] hazretleri burunġı ‘adetçe uzun uzaq dost qardaş olub kendi yahşı

adamıŋuz köndürüb bizim bile dost bolıp

[14] burunġı ‘adet üzere hazinemizi dahi yiberdiŋüz kelip vasıl boldı alıb

hazine-i ‘amiremize dahil qıldıq taqı hala

[15] qıdvetü`l-emasil ve`l-aqran zübdetü`l-emacid ve`l-erkan uluġ elçi başımız

Hasan Mirza zide qadruhunı

taqı uluġ bahşı ve uluġ tėti

[16] birle yiberdim ‘ömr-i ahırġaça daimay muhkem dost qarındaş boldum

dostuŋuza dost tüşmanıŋuza tüşman oldum hatırıŋuza

[17] şek şübhe ketürmey i‘timad ėtkeysiz ve burunġı ‘adet üzere uluġ hazi-

nemizi sene ber sene her yıl sayın vėrüb könderesiz

[18] taqı siziŋ vilayetiŋüzden bazarganıŋuz bizim vilayetimiz Qırımġa

kelsünler zararsız ziyansız yürüsünler bizim bazarganlarımız dahi siziŋ

[19] vilayetiŋüze varsunlar zararsız ziyansız yürüsünler taqı bizim ecdad-i

‘uzamımız hanlar ve aġaçamız padişahlar qalay

[20] yahşılıq qılġanlar bolsalar mėn uluġ padişah ‘azametli Canibek Gėrey

Han hazretlerimiz dahi alay yahşılıqġa delalet qılıb

[21] sözümde qaim ve ‘ahd [ü] şartımda daim bolıb turdum bu künden

soŋra benim özümden ve qardaşım qalġa sultan ve nureddin sultan

[22] hazretlerinden vilayetiŋüze ve hisarıŋuza ve köy [ü] kentleriŋüze zarar

[u] ziyan olmaz ve uluġ saġır ve büyük kiçik ‘askerimiz varmaz

[23] ve bir vechle tarafımızdan hilaf olmazdır imdi buyurdumki siz

qardaşımız dahi söziŋüzde sadıq bolıb ‘ahda muvafıq turub

[24] her yıl sene ber sene uluġ hazinemizi vėrüb hatasız yibergeysiz ve uluġ

ecdadıŋuz qıral ve atalarıŋuz Lėh padişahı qalay

[25] uluġ hazinemizi vėre-keldiler ėrse siz qardaşımız dahi alay uluġ hazine-

mizi qusursuz yibergeysiz uzun uzaq

[26] dost qarındaş olġaysız dėp hat bitildi taqı mėn uluġ padişah uluġ

Canibek Gėrey Han hazretleri siz uluġ qıral qardaşımız

[27] uluġ padişah uluġ dostumuzġa ma‘lum qılurmuz kim kėçen sene ‘asker-

i Tatarla nureddin sultan hazretleri nehr-i Özide

Lėh vilayetiŋüzge

[28] çeriv qılmaq niyeti bile barġan ėdiler siz qardaşımız Lėh qıralı ve hem

uluġ padişahı bolıp qıral bolġanıŋuznı işitip taqı Bar hetmanı

[29] siz qardaşımız tarafından cevab vėrüb dost qarındaş bolurıŋuznı rica

qıldı ėrse mėn uluġ padişah Canibek Gėrey Han hazretleri

Erroneously written zidehu qadruni.

It should rather read Öziden.

document 50 (2–11 november 1634) 897

[30] i‘timad ėdüb nureddin sultan hazretlerin Masqav memleketine cavlay

yiberdim taqı himayetiŋüz Külük oġlı İbraş Beyni sizge yiberdim

[31] bahşı ve tėti ve uluġ elçisi bile yiberib uzun uzaq dost qarındaş bolıp

uluġ ‘ahdnamemizni yiberdim ėrdi hala dahi ol sözüm

[32] üzere sabit-qadem olub uluġ elçi başım Hasan mirzanı bahşı bile ve

tėti bile yiberdim inşa’a`llahu ta‘ala ma damki siziŋ tarafıŋuzdan

tüşmanlıq

[33] olmaya bizim tarafımızdan tüşmanlıq olmaq ihtimali yoqtur taqı bu

sene sa‘adetli padişah nusret-destgah hazretleri cenabından musalaha

olmaq

[34] babında ferman olunan ferman-i şerierine ‘amel olıb uzun uzaq

dostluġuŋuza çalışdıq tarafımızdan vezir-i a‘zam Murtaza Paşa haz-

retlerine

[35] mektub yazub al-i ‘Osman ile Lėh qıralı arasında bu zamanġa kelince

vaqı‘ olan dostluq ke-ma `l-evvel ri‘ayet qılınmaq din

[36] ü devletke layıq dır dėp bildirdik taqı sa‘adetli padişah hazretleriġe de

bolsa ‘arz qılıp sulh u salah bolsun

[37] dėb i‘lam qılġan ėrdik taqı sulh u salah muhkem olduqdan soŋra siz

qardaşımızdan kėlgen uluġ elçi

[38] başıŋuznı yiberir içün baqturġan ėrdik el-hamdü li`llah muradımızça

sa‘adetli padişah hazretleri sulh u salaha rıza

[39] vėrüb yahşılıqġa ve dostluqġa delalet qılur nimerselerge buyurdılar imdi

kerekdir ki siz qardaşımız dahi

[40] öz söziŋüzçe muhkem turub Özüden qazaq eşqıyaŋuznı çıqarġaysız

Qara Deŋize şayqa çıqarmaġaysız

[41] ve Qırım yurduna zarar ve ziyan etdirmegeysiz ve sa‘adetli padişah haz-

retleri memleketlerine hergiz zarar ve ziyan etdirmegeysiz

[42] uzun uzaq padişah hazretleri fermanınça bolıb mabeyniŋüzde mün‘aqıd

olan sulh u salaha ri‘ayet üzere olasız taqı bizde

[43] bolsaq öz sözümüzde muhkem turub vilayetiŋüzge Qırım ‘askeri bile

cavlay barmasmız taqı qalġa sultan ve nureddin sultannı

[44] yibermesmiz taqı Aqkermende bolġan Tatarnı barçasın köçürip Qırım

yurtuna ketürürmüz Qan Tėmürni sa‘adetli padişah hazretleri

[45] Aqkermenden qaldırıp ġayri yere köndürmüşdür qardaşları mirzaları

hem Aqkermenden qaldırıp Qırım diyarına ferman olunmuşdur

[46] şimden soŋra Aqkermende olan Tatardan ve Qırımda olan Tatardan ve

ġayriden Lėh vilayetine ve köy ve kentlerine zerre qadar zarar ve ziyan

[47] olmazdır sa‘adetli padişah hazretlerine ve serdar-i a‘zam hazretlerine

yahşı kişimiz yiberib sulh u salah ahvalini bildirib ‘asakir-i Tatarla

[48] Cankermende yatıp Özi sahrasında hazır ėrdik siz qardaşımızdan

kelecek Şahin Aġaya nazır ėrdik andan kelecek

[49] sözüŋüzge baqıp turur ėrdik sözüŋüzde Qan Tėmürni Aqkermenden

qaldırsa ve Tatarları Qırıma sürse Aqkermende Tatar qalmasa

[50] ben dahi Özüden qazaġı qaldırıp Qırım hanına vėre-keldügüm vėrgüyi

vėrüb sa‘adetli padişah hazretlerine ita‘at ve qadimi sulha ri‘ayet

[51] ėderim ve hazinemi vėrüb Qara Deŋize şayqa çıqartmam Özide qazaq

qalmaz barçasın çıqarıb Qırım hanı bile dost bolurum dėmişsiz

898 document 50 (2–11 november 1634)

[52] ‘arz-i ahval ėdüb vezir-i a‘zam Murtaza Paşa hazretlerine Şahin Aġa ile

adam köndürmüşsüz vezir Murtaza Paşa hazretleri sa‘adetli padişah

[53] hazretlerine ‘arz ėdüb mėn uluġ padişah Canibek Gėrey Han haz-

retlerine adamların köndürüb bildirdiler ve hem siz qardaşımızdan

[54] vezir-i a‘zam Murtaza Paşa hazretlerine kelen adamlarıŋuz bile bizim

adamımıznı söyleşdirdiler taqı padişah hazretlerinden mėn uluġ

Canibek Gėrey Han

[55] hazretlerimize siz qardaşlarımızdan kėlgen cevabıŋuznı ve şartıŋuznı

i‘lam qıldılar ve hem bizim tarafımızdan sulh u salaha müte‘allıq

[56] ‘arz ėtken niçe sözlerimizni ma‘qul körüp qabul qıldılar söz temam

bolub padişahane sözler qarar tabıb rahat u istirahat-i vilayet ü

[57] memleket içün sabit olan nizam-i intizam vilayet ve ra‘iyet içün bu yıl

tedbir olununca bizde olan adamıŋuzı Közlev nam qasabamızda

[58] alı-qoduġumuza mübarek hatırıŋuza nimerse kėltürmegeysiz çın söz

bile yahşı söz bile yibermekiyçün kir qılıb alıb qalġan ėrdik

[59] sa‘adetli padişah hazretlerine sulh u salah bolmaq içün çalışıp dostluq

eyledügümüz sebebli te’ehir etdirmişiydik ba‘z kimseler Murtaza

[60] Paşa hazretlerine tarafıŋuzdan varġan adamlarıŋuza yalġan söylemişler

hilaf ėtmişler haşa bizim hilafımız ola elçiye ölüm yoqdur amma

muradım dostluq

[61] olub Bar hetmanı sözünçe Külük oġlunı yibermişiydik ol ecilden iş ahirine

degin qaldırmışiydik muradımız dostluq olduġıyçün Özi

[62] qazaġına Özüye adamımız köndürmüşiydik hikmet-i Hüda qazaq dahi

Qara Deŋize çıqġan ėkendir ‘asakir-i Tatarla biz Özi sahrasında ėdik

Lėh vilayetine

[63] varmadıq ve beş-baş Tatarımız dahi barmadı ve hem özümüzde olur-

sak yibermedik bu zamana kelince sabr ėdüb turduq söz temam boldı

Aqkermende

[64] Tatar qalmaz Qan Tėmür qardaşı Ay Tėmür Salman-şah ve ġayr Noġay

ve Tatardan bir kişi qalmaz alurmuz siz dahi Öziden qazaqnı qaldırıb

Qırım vilayetine

[65] ve padişah vilayetine zarar etdirmeyesiz ve her yıl qadimden vėrili-

kelindügi vėrgümüzi bize ve aġalarımıza ve hidmetimizde olan

aġalarımızıŋ cümlesine

[66] vėrgümüzi vėrüb könderesiz ve sa‘adetli padişah hazretlerine muti‘

olub ol-ki qadimden mu‘tad olan pişkeş ve hazine dir vėrüb şartıŋuzda

turasız

[67] bizim tarafımızdan size ve memleketiŋüze ve köy [ü] kentŋüze zarar u

ziyan olmaz ‘ömr-i ahırġaça dostuŋuza dost tüşmanıŋuza tüşman olub

turdum i‘timad ėdüb

[68] beni dost bilesiz vallahi a‘lam baqi ve`d-du‘a ‘ala men ittaba‘a`l-Hüda

tahriren  evasiti şehri Cemaziyi`l-evvel seneti 1044

bi-maqami

Baġçesaray

document 50 (2–11 november 1634) 899

Canibek Gėrey Han bin Mübarek Gėrey Sultan

Translation:

He, the Wealthy, the Enricher, the Bestower, the Helper!

[tuġra] Djanibek Giray Khan: our word:

From his excellency, the great padishah of the Great Horde and great country

[yurt], the Kipchak Steppe, the Crimean throne, innumerable Tatars and count-

less Nogays, Tats and Tavgaches,

mountain Circassians,

and all the faith-

ful and pious ones [i.e., Muslims], the majestic, eminent, mighty and exalted

khan, and the esteemed khakan, Djanibek Giray Khan (may God—may He be

exalted!—prolong the days of his [i.e., my] life and reign until the Day of Judg-

ment!), to the great emperor [padişah] and great king of the great horde [orda]

and great country [yurt], and many Christians and all the Polish provinces,

our brother and our great friend, the great emperor . . .

(may he remains well

and sound until the Day of Resurrection!): aer having expressed great many

salutations and asked: “how is your blessed health?,” “do you feel well?” and

“are you doing well?,” the message of the noble monarchic yarliq is that:

Previously the hetman of Bar

sent twice or three times his men to our pros-

perous Porte and petitioned and requested for a long lasting peace and com-

panionship. And he announced: “When his excellency, our king, held a Diet

with all the lords of the country [yurt], we discussed in a great gathering and,

according to our custom, we engaged and agreed [to keep the peace].” Putting

this declaration into eect, I, the great padishah, his [i.e., my] excellency Djan-

ibek Giray Khan, granted my royal favor to the request made by the hetman

of Bar, and we sent to you, our brother and friend, the great padishah and the

king of many Christians, our courtier [içki begimiz] Ibrash Bey,

the model of

noble commanders and the cream of illustrious dignitaries, for the sake of a

long lasting peace and companionship.

Now also you, who are our brother, have become the king of entire Poland

and many dominions, and ascended the throne of power; while keeping long

lasting friendship and brotherhood according to the ancient custom, his [i.e.,

your] excellency, the great padishah, sent [us] your worthy man,

and being our

Text of the seal.

On the Tats and Tavgaches, see Document 48, n. 8, and Document 49, n. 1.

Lit. “Circassians [living] among mountains.”

Empty space was le to ll in the king’s name.

I.e., Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski, whose military headquarter was the Podolian

fortress of Bar.

e Tatar term sem must origin from the Polish sejm (“Diet”).

Identical with Ibrahim Bey from the Külük family, who arrived at Cracow on

1 March 1633, bringing the former ‘ahdname from 1632; see Document 49, notes 6–7.

e Polish envoy, not mentioned by name, was Stefan Narajowski, a nobleman

from the palatinate of Ruthenia, who knew Turkish and remained in the retinue of

900 document 50 (2–11 november 1634)

friend, you sent [us] our [i.e., owed to us] treasure [ hazine]. When it arrived

and reached [us], we took it and included into our imperial treasury.

And now, I have sent our great envoy [uluġ elçi başı] Hasan Mirza (may his

value increase!), the model of nobles and peers and the cream of illustrious and

great men, along with the great bahşı and the great tet.

Until the end of my

life I will always rmly keep friendship and brotherhood and will be a friend of

your friend and an enemy of your enemy;

no doubt or misgiving should occur

in your mind, [as] you should trust [me].

And according to the ancient custom, each year, year by year, you should

send [us] our great treasure [uluġ hazine].

Moreover, your merchants may come from your country to our country, the

Crimea, and travel without any damage or harm; also our merchants may go

to your country and travel without any damage or harm.

And as our great ancestors, the khans, and our elder brother[s], the padis-

hahs, used to provide good, also I, the great padishah, our excellency, the

majestic Djanibek Giray Khan, will strive for good, keep my word, and respect

my oath and stipulation forever. From this day on, no damage or harm will be

done to your country, castles, villages, and towns by me or by their excellencies,

my brother, the qalga sultan, and the nureddin sultan, and our troops, either

large or small, will not set out [against your country], and nothing contrary

[to the peace] will happen from our side.

Now, I have ordered that you, our brother, while being faithful in your word

and in conformance with the oath, should send [us] each year, year by year,

our great treasure without deciency. As your great ancestors, the king[s], and

your fathers, the Polish padishah[s], used to give [us] our great treasure, also

you, our brother, should send our great treasure without any omission. And

you should keep long lasting friendship and brotherhood;—thus saying, the

letter was written.

And I, the great padishah, his [i.e., my] excellency, the great Djanibek Giray

Khan, make known to you, our brother and friend, the great king and great

Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski. Narajowski was dispatched along with the gis from

the military camp near Smolensk in February 1634; see Baranowski, Stosunki polsko-

tatarskie w latach 1632–1648, p. 20. He was detained by the khan for almost one year

and that apparently caused gossip about his death (see below). On his way back to

Poland, Narajowski visited the Dominican monastery in Podkamień (Ukr. Pidkamin’)

and le a votive inscription dated 13 January 1635; see Sadok Barącz, Dzieje klasztoru

ww. oo. dominikanów w Podkamieniu (Tarnopol [Ternopil’], 1870), p. 63.

In Otwinowski’s translation: z wielkim bachsiem i tetem. On the term tet, refer-

ring to the rst retinue member of a khan’s envoy, see Document 20, n. 27. On the

term bahşı, referring to a scribe responsible for drawing ocial documents, see Docu-

ment 35, n. 21.

ough the sentence dost qarındaş boldum dostuŋuza dost tüşmanıŋuza tüşman

oldum is written in the past tense, it refers to the future; cf. also Document 49, notes

4 and 12.

e above paragraph repeats the main contents of Djanibek Giray’s instrument

from 1632 (cf. Document 49), but it is not a literary quotation.

document 50 (2–11 november 1634) 901

padishah, that last year his excellency, the nureddin sultan,

along with Tatar

troops, was about to set out with the intention to cross the Dnieper and attack

Poland, but upon hearing that you, our brother, the king of Poland and great

padishah, became the king, and when the hetman of Bar gave us an answer

from your side [i.e., in your name] and asked to keep friendship and brother-

hood, I, the great padishah, his [i.e., my] excellency Djanibek Giray Khan,

trusted [his words] and sent his excellency, the nureddin sultan, to commit

hostile acts in Muscovy.

Also, I sent to you Ibrash Bey from the Külük clan, [who are] your protectors,

as the great envoy along with the bahşı and the tet; and I sent our great ‘ahd-

name providing for long lasting friendship and brotherhood.

Also now, in desire to rmly observe that engagement I have sent my great

envoy, Hasan Mirza, along with the bahşı and the tet.

God—may He be exalted!—willing, as no hostile act should occur from your

side, it is unlikely that a hostile act could occur from our side.

Moreover, putting into eect the noble rman [sent] this year from the side

of his excellency, the prosperous and victorious [Ottoman] padishah, order-

ing a reconciliation, we have endeavored to attain your long lasting friend-

ship. We wrote a letter to his excellency, the grand [sic] vizier Murtaza Pasha,

and let him know that to respect the friendship between the Ottoman dynasty

and the Polish king[s] that has lasted until the present time, as it has been

[respected] before, would be tting the religion and state. We also requested

from his excellency, the prosperous padishah, that peace and amity be estab-

lished. Aer the peace and amity was rmly established, we were looking out

for your great envoy to be sent and to arrive from the side of yours, our brother.

ank God!—according to our wish, his excellency, the prosperous padishah

gave consent to the peace and amity and authorized everything that would lead

to wellbeing and friendship.

Now, it is necessary that also you, our brother, while rmly respecting your

word, expel your Cossack brigands from the Dnieper and do not let the [Cos-

sack] boats [şayqas] go to the Black Sea. You should not allow any damage or

harm to be committed to the Crimea, and you should never allow any damage

or harm to be committed to the dominions of his excellency, the prosperous

padishah. In accordance with the rman of his excellency, the padishah, you

I.e., Mübarek Giray, the son of Djanibek Giray; in the winter of 1631/1632 he

had raided Polish Ukraine but then turned against Muscovy; see Aleksej Novosel’skij,

Bor’ba Moskovskogo gosudarstva s Tatarami, p. 176. Here apparently his raid from

1633 is mentioned.

Lit. “Ibrash Bey, a son of Külük, [who are] your protection;” the term himayet

(“protection”) apparently refers to the fact that the Külük clan members tradition-

ally acted as protectors (hamis), representing the Polish interests in the Crimea; see

Document 49, n. 7.

On the role of Murtaza Pasha (who in fact never attained the post of grand

vizier) in the Ottoman-Polish peace negotiations of 1634, in which the Polish side was

represented by Hetman Stanisław Koniecpolski, see Kołodziejczyk, Ottoman-Polish

Diplomatic Relations, pp. 138–139.

902 document 50 (2–11 november 1634)

should respect the long lasting peace and amity agreed upon between you [and

the Ottoman state].

And in regard to us, we will rmly keep our word and will not set out along

with the Crimean troops to your country with hostile intentions; also, we will

not send the qalga sultan or nureddin sultan. Moreover, we will resettle and

bring to the Crimea all the Tatars dwelling in [the region of] Akkerman. While

his excellency, the prosperous padishah, removed Kantemir

from Akkerman

and sent him to another place, a rman was also issued [ordering] to remove

his brothers, the mirzas, from Akkerman to the Crimea. From now on, not

a slightest damage or harm will be done to the Polish country, villages, and

towns by the Tatars dwelling in Akkerman, the Tatars dwelling in the Crimea,

or others.

Having sent our worthy men [i.e., envoys] to his excellency, the prosperous

padishah, and to his excellency, the great commander [serdar-i a‘zam],

notied [them] of the conditions of peace and amity [negotiated between us],

and having set camp on the Dnieper plain in [the vicinity of ] Djankerman [i.e.,

Očakiv], we were looking out for the arrival of Shahin Agha

from your side,

our brother, and for the arrival of your word[s].

According to your word[s]: “if [you] remove Kantemir from Akkerman,

drive away his Tatars to the Crimea, and no Tatar remains in Akkerman,

also I will remove the Cossacks from the Dnieper, give to the Crimean khan

the gi [vėrgü] that I used to give, display obedience towards his excellency,

the prosperous padishah, and respect the ancient peace; I will give my treasure

[hazine], will not let the [Cossack] boats [şayqas] go to the Black Sea, expel all

the Cossacks so that not a single one remains on the Dnieper, and I will keep

friendship with the Crimean khan”—thus you [reportedly] said and petitioned,

having sent a man [i.e., your envoy] along with Shahin Agha to his excellency,

the grand [sic] vizier Murtaza Pasha.

His excellency, the vizier Murtaza Pasha, submitted [this matter] to his

excellency, the prosperous padishah, and sent his men to me, his [i.e., my]

excellency, the great padishah Djanibek Giray Khan, making it known to me.

He also arranged negotiations between your men, who had come from your

side, our brother, to his excellency, the grand [sic] vizier Murtaza Pasha, and

our man [being in his retinue]. Moreover, his excellency, the padishah, notied

On the career and political role of Kantemir, the Nogay leader and chief com-

mander in Budjak, see Mihnea Berindei, “La Porte Ottomane face aux Cosaques Zapo-

rogues,” pp. 291–306. In spite of the sultan’s order to quit Budjak and join the Ottoman

campaign against Persia, Kantemir remained in Budjak, entered an open conict with

Djanibek Giray’s successor, Inayet Giray, and was nally executed in Istanbul in 1637.

A reference to Murtaza Pasha (cf. n. 13 above).

On Shahin Agha, the Ottoman müteferrika and the trusted servant of Murtaza

Pasha, who negotiated the preliminary peace conditions with Hetman Stanisław

Koniecpolski, see Kołodziejczyk, Ottoman-Polish Diplomatic Relations, pp. 138–139;

the document of Ottoman-Polish agreement, signed by Shahin Agha on 19 August

1634, is published in ibidem, pp. 436–441. Apparently Shahin Agha also mediated

between the Polish court and the khan.

document 50 (2–11 november 1634) 903

me, my excellency, the great Djanibek Giray Khan, of your answer and condi-

tions, that came from your side, our brother. Also he found many of my [previ-

ous] proposals regarding peace and amity as reasonable, and gave consent to

them.

As the agreement has been concluded and the imperial decision reached, and

for the sake of the country and subjects, the arrangements xed in order to pro-

vide ease and rest to the country and kingdom will be put into eect this year,

do not allow your blessed mind to resent that we have detained your man [i.e.,

envoy] in our town [qasaba] named Közlev.

We have detained [him] in desire

to send [him back] with a true and good word; [hence,] since we strove with

friendly intentions to cause his excellency, the prosperous padishah, to accept

peace and amity, we postponed [your envoy’s departure]. As some individuals

told lies to your men, sent from your side to his excellency, Murtaza Pasha,

I assure you that nothing contrary [to the peace] has been done by us. [It is

commonly known that] there is no death for envoys [i.e., I would not kill your

envoy]. Moreover, in desire to keep friendship and persuaded by the hetman of

Bar, we had [earlier] sent Külük’s son

[to you] and for the same reason toler-

ated [his detainment] until the conclusion of [our] negotiations.

As we desire friendship, we sent our man to the Dnieper Cossacks to the

Dnieper. God knows why, the Cossacks again set out to the Black Sea! [Never-

theless,] we were staying on the Dnieper plain along with the Tatar troops and

did not set out against Poland. Also our Tatars did not even commit a small

raid [beş-baş

], and whoever was with us, we did not send [them]. We have

remained patient until the present time.

[us] the agreement has been concluded: No Tatar will remain in [the

region of] Akkerman; we will take Kantemir’s brother, Aytemir,

Salman-

shah,

and other Nogays and Tatars [to the Crimea], so that not a single one

On the Polish envoy Stefan Narajowski, see n. 7 above. On the Crimean port of

Közlev/Kezlev (Tur. Gözleve; today Ukr. Jevpatorija/Rus. Evpatorija), see Jankowski,

Historical-Etymological Dictionary, pp. 609–610.

I.e., Ibrahim Bey; cf. n. 6 above.

Lit. “[a raid committed by] ve heads.”

Already the Ottoman-Polish agreement, concluded between Murtaza Pasha and

Hetman Koniecpolski on 9 September 1630, provided that Kantemir, his brother

Aytemir, and other Nogay mirzas should be removed from Budjak. is provision

was repeated in the agreement reached on 19 August 1634 between Koniecpolski and

Murtaza Pasha’s plenipotentiary, Shahin Agha; cf. Kołodziejczyk, Ottoman-Polish

Diplomatic Relations, pp. 135, 138, 427–428, 436–447. On Aytemir’s further fate, see

n. 21 below.

Salman-shah (or Selman-shah < Süleyman-shah) was a relative of Kantemir and

prominent Nogay leader. In January 1637 Djanibek’s successor, Inayet Giray, set out

against the Budjak Nogays along with the Crimean troops. While Kantemir escaped

to Istanbul, where he was later executed on the sultan’s order, the Nogay army, com-

manded by Aytemir, Salman-shah, Oraq Mirza, and other commanders, was defeated

in March 1637. Following their rout, the Nogays submitted to the khan, who ordered

their resettlement to the Crimea. Already on their way, they rioted again. In the sum-

mer of 1637 the Nogay leaders, including the three mentioned above, negotiated