Kolodziejczyk Dariusz. The Crimean Khanate and Poland-Lithuania (ENG)
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e Crimean Khanate and Poland-Lithuania
e Ottoman Empire
and its Heritage
Politics, Society and Economy
Edited by
Suraiya Faroqhi, Halil İnalcık and Boğaç Ergene
Advisory Board
fikret adanir – antonis anastasopoulos – idris bostan
palmira brummett – amnon cohen – jane hathaway
klaus kreiser – hans georg majer – ahmet yaşar ocak
abdeljelil temimi – gilles veinstein
VOLUME 47
e Crimean Khanate and
Poland-Lithuania
International Diplomacy on
the European Periphery (15th–18th Century)
A Study of Peace Treaties Followed
by Annotated Documents
By
Dariusz Kołodziejczyk
LEIDEN • BOSTON
2011
Cover illustration: Daniel Schultz, Portrait of Dedesh Agha, a Crimean envoy to Poland, along with
his retinue. Oil on canvas. 1664 (inv. no. GE-8540). Reproduced by courtesy of e State Hermitage
Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia. Photograph © e State Hermitage Museum. Photo by Vladimir
Terebenin, Leonard Kheifets, Yuri Molodkovets. e portrait is further discussed on p. 238 of the
present book.
is book is printed on acid-free paper.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Kołodziejczyk, Dariusz.
e Crimean Khanate and Poland-Lithuania : international diplomacy on the European
periphery (15th–18th century) : a study of peace treaties followed by annotated documents / by
Dariusz Kołodziejczyk.
p. cm. — (e Ottoman Empire and its heritage, ISSN 1380-6076 ; v. 47)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-90-04-19190-7 (hardback : alk. paper)
1. Poland—Foreign relations—Crimean Khanate. 2. Crimean Khanate—Foreign relations—
Poland. 3. Poland—Foreign relations—To 1572—Treaties. 4. Poland—Foreign relations—
1572–1763—Treaties. 5. Crimean Khanate—Foreign relations—Treaties. 6. Poland—Foreign
relations—Crimean Khanate—Sources. 7. Crimean Khanate—Foreign relations—Poland—
Sources. I. Title.
DK4185.C85K65 2011
327.477'104380903—dc22
2011015792
ISSN 1380-6076
ISBN 978 90 04 19190 7
Copyright 2011 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, e Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Global Oriental, Hotei Publishing,
IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijho Publishers and VSP.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in
a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher.
Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV
provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to e Copyright Clearance Center,
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Fees are subject to change.
CONTENTS
Acknowledgments ........................................................................... xi
Introduction ..................................................................................... xiii
A note on place-names, proper names, and foreign terms ..... xxxi
PART ONE
A CHRONOLOGICAL SURVEY
1. On the quest of Genghisid legacy: Shaping Eastern
Europe (1240–1523) .................................................................. 3
2. On the East European chessboard. e Crimean Khanate
and Poland-Lithuania in the years 1523–1671 ..................... 64
3. In the shade of Istanbul and Moscow (1671–1783) ............ 186
PART TWO
A STUDY IN THE CRIMEAN AND POLISH-LITHUANIAN
DIPLOMATICS AND DIPLOMACY
1. e language and preservation of documents ...................... 223
2. e Crimean instruments of peace and their typology ...... 266
3. e diplomatic sections and a physical description of the
Crimean instruments ................................................................ 313
4. e Polish and Lithuanian instruments of peace
addressed to the khans ............................................................. 425
5. e procedure of peacemaking ............................................... 444
6. e political issues typically present in the instruments of
peace exchanged between Poland-Lithuania and the
Crimea ............................................................................................ 496
Conclusion .......................................................................................... 514
Instruments exchanged between the Crimean Khanate and
Poland-Lithuania ........................................................................... 516
Chronology of the reigns of Crimean khans, Polish kings,
and Lithuanian grand dukes (1386–1795) ................................ 519
Principles of publication ................................................................... 521
vi contents
DOCUMENTS
Document 1 (22 September 1461–14 September 1463)
e donation yarlıq sent by Khan Hadji Giray to Grand
Duke Casimir ................................................................................. 529
Document 2 (17 September 1467) e instrument of peace
(şartname) sent by Khan Nur Devlet to King Casimir .......... 534
Document 3 (27 July 1472) e conrmation of peace sent by
King Casimir to Khan Mengli Giray ......................................... 536
Document 4 (1472–17 May 1474) e donation yarlıq sent by
Khan Mengli Giray to Grand Duke Casimir ............................ 539
Document 5 (April 1480) e oath by Hadji Baba (Azbaba),
the Crimean envoy sent to King Casimir ................................. 545
Document 6 (13–20 October 1480) e şartname (prysjažnyj
lyst) sent by Khan Mengli Giray to King Casimir ................... 548
Document 7 (22 December 1506–7 January 1507) e oath
by Tevkel (Tjuvikel’) Ulan, the Crimean envoy sent to
King Sigismund ............................................................................. 551
Document 8 (2 July 1507) e donation yarlıq sent by
Khan Mengli Giray to King Sigismund ..................................... 555
Document 9 (14 July 1507) e şartname (prysjažnyj lyst) sent
by Khan Mengli Giray to King Sigismund ............................... 566
Document 10 (5 September 1513) e instrument of
agreement (dokončen’e) issued by Sigismund as the grand
duke of Lithuania and sent to Khan Mengli Giray ................. 580
Document 11 (7 September 1513) e instrument of
agreement (patentes literae) issued by Sigismund as the king
of Poland and sent to Khan Mengli Giray ............................... 589
Document 12 (ca. December 1513) e donation yarlıq cum
şartname (dokon’čan’e) sent by Khan Mengli Giray to
King Sigismund ............................................................................. 594
Document 13 (ca. December 1513) e oath by Khan Mengli
Giray ................................................................................................ 603
Document 14 (ca. June 1514) e donation yarlıq cum
şartname (dokončenie) sent by Khan Mengli Giray to
King Sigismund ............................................................................. 605
Document 15 (29 October 1514) e şartname (dokončalnyj
lyst) regarding Poland sent by Khan Mengli Giray to
King Sigismund ............................................................................. 612
contents vii
Document 16 (29 November 1514) e şartname (lectra
patente) regarding Poland sent by Khan Mengli Giray to
King Sigismund [Facs. I] .............................................................. 619
Document 17 (14 March 1516) e instrument of agreement
(dokončane) issued by Sigismund as the grand duke of
Lithuania and sent to Khan Mehmed Giray ............................ 624
Document 18 (May–June 1517) A copy of the donation yarlıq
cum şartname (lyst dokončannyj) sent by Khan Mehmed
Giray to King Sigismund, corroborated and sworn by
Prince Bahadır Giray .................................................................... 633
Document 19 (21 October 1520) e donation yarlıq cum
şartname (dokončane) sent by Khan Mehmed Giray to
King Sigismund ............................................................................. 642
Document 20 (21 October 1520) e şartname sent by
Khan Mehmed Giray to King Sigismund [Facs. II] ................ 652
Document 21 (February–March 1522) e oath by Evliya
(Ovlijar), the Crimean envoy sent to King Sigismund ........... 663
Document 22 (1527) e oath-yarlıq (jarlyk prysjažnyj) sent
by Khan Sa‘adet Giray to King Sigismund ............................... 665
Document 23 (1527) e oath-letter (lyst prysjažnyj) sent
by the qalga, Islam Giray, to King Sigismund ......................... 677
Document 24 (October–November 1532) e donation yarlıq
cum şartname issued by Mehmed Giray and corroborated
by his son, Bahadır Giray, sent anew by Islam Giray ............. 681
Document 25 (January 1535) e oath by Devey, the Crimean
envoy, taken in Vilnius ................................................................ 689
Document 26 (10 April 1535) e letter of agreement
(lyst dokončalnyj) sent by King Sigismund to Khan
Sahib Giray ..................................................................................... 692
Document 27 (April 1535) e formula of a donation yarlıq
cum şartname to be issued by Khan Sahib Giray, prepared
by the Lithuanian chancery ......................................................... 702
Document 28 (December 1539) e donation yarlıq cum
şartname sent by Khan Sahib Giray to King Sigismund ........ 712
Document 29 (the beginning of 1541) e preliminary peace
conditions sworn in Cracow by Ali Hadji (Alihača), the
Crimean envoy ............................................................................... 722
Document 30 (the rst half of 1541) e oath by Ali Hadji
(Alihača), the Crimean envoy, sworn in Vilnius ..................... 729
viii contents
Document 31 (September 1542) e donation yarlıq cum
şartname sent by Khan Sahib Giray to King Sigismund ........ 732
Document 32 (May 1552) e donation yarlıq cum şartname
(dokončan’e alias lyst prysjažnyj) sent by Khan Devlet Giray
to King Sigismund Augustus ....................................................... 740
Document 33 (1560) e donation yarlıq cum şartname sent
by Khan Devlet Giray to King Sigismund Augustus .............. 753
Document 34 (14 February–14 March 1592) e ‘ahdname
sent by Khan Ghazi II Giray to King Sigismund III and his
subjects [Facs. III] ......................................................................... 769
Document 35 (14 February–14 March 1592) e [oath-]yarlıq
sent by Khan Ghazi II Giray to King Sigismund III
[Facs. IV] ........................................................................................ 777
Document 36 (21 April 1598) e letter of agreement
(list przemierny) sent by King Sigismund III to
Khan Ghazi II Giray ..................................................................... 788
Document 37 (ca. August 1599) e ‘ahdname (list przemirny)
sent by Khan Ghazi II Giray to King Sigismund III ............... 794
Document 38 (October 1599) e instrument of Djan Temir
Agha, the Crimean envoy, containing his pledge on
behalf of Khan Ghazi II Giray to keep peace with King
Sigismund III ................................................................................. 805
Document 39 (20 March 1601) e letter of agreement
(list przemirny) sent by King Sigismund III to Khan
Ghazi II Giray ................................................................................ 807
Document 40 (30 August–28 September 1601) e ‘ahdname
(list przemirny) sent by Khan Ghazi II Giray to King
Sigismund III ................................................................................. 814
Document 41 (the fall of 1604) e ‘ahdname (przymierze)
sent by Khan Ghazi II Giray to King Sigismund III ............... 820
Document 42 (May 1605) e letter of agreement
(list przemirny) sent by King Sigismund III to Khan
Ghazi II Giray ................................................................................ 828
Document 43 (24 July 1607) e ‘ahdname (foedera et
pacis litteres) sent by Khan Ghazi II Giray to King
Sigismund III ................................................................................. 835
Document 44 (20–30 December 1609) e‘ahdname (pakta)
sent by Khan Selamet Giray to King Sigismund III ................ 840
Document 45 (February 1611) e ‘ahdname (list przymierny)
sent by Khan Djanibek Giray to King Sigismund III ............. 850
contents ix
Document 46 (October 1619) e formula of an ‘ahdname
(list przymierny) to be issued by Khan Djanibek Giray,
prepared by the Polish chancery ................................................ 854
Document 47 (April 1622) e formula of an ‘ahdname
(list przymierny) to be issued by Khan Djanibek Giray,
prepared by the Polish chancery ................................................ 865
Document 48 (24 October–2 November 1624) e ‘ahdname
(list przymierny) sent by Khan Mehmed III Giray to King
Sigismund III ................................................................................. 876
Document 49 (26 September–5 October 1632) e ‘ahdname
sent by Khan Djanibek Giray to the Polish king [Facs. V] ... 885
Document 50 (2–11 November 1634) e ‘ahdname sent by
Khan Djanibek Giray to King Vladislaus IV [Facs. VI] ......... 895
Document 51 (29 June 1635) e ‘ahdname (list przymierny)
sent by Khan Inayet Giray to King Vladislaus IV ................... 905
Document 52 (15–23 July 1637) e ‘ahdname (list przymierny)
sent by Khan Bahadır Giray to King Vladislaus IV ................ 912
Document 53 (July 1637) e ‘ahdname (list przymierny) sent
by Qalga Islam Giray to King Vladislaus IV ............................ 919
Document 54 (November 1637) e letter of agreement
(list przymierny) sent by King Vladislaus IV to Qalga Islam
Giray ................................................................................................ 923
Document 55 (21 July–18 August 1640) e ‘ahdname sent by
Khan Bahadır Giray to King Vladislaus IV [Facs. VII] ......... 926
Document 56 (10–18 August 1640) e ‘ahdname sent by
Nureddin Qırım Giray to King Vladislaus IV [Facs. VIII] ... 935
Document 57 (19–28 August 1640) e ‘ahdname sent by
Qalga İslam Giray to King Vladislaus IV [Facs. IX] ............... 942
Document 58 (February 1646) e ‘ahdname sent by Khan
Islam III Giray to King Vladislaus IV [Facs. X] ...................... 948
Document 59 (19 August 1649) e Polish instrument of the
Treaty of Zborów (Zboriv), issued by King John Casimir .... 954
Document 60 (10 August–7 September 1649) e Crimean
instrument of the Treaty of Zborów (Zboriv), issued by
Khan Islam III Giray [Facs. XI] ................................................ 959
Document 61 (18 July 1654) e Polish instrument of peace
and alliance, corroborated and sworn in Warsaw by
King John Casimir, the representatives of the Senate and
Diet, and the Crimean envoy, Süleyman Agha ...................... 964