Indian National Committee on Large Dams. Design and Construction Features of Selected Dams in India
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Guide
vane
height
No.
of
guide
vanes
Spiral
inlet
diamerer
Runner
exit
diameter
Main
shaft
diameter
Governor
oil
operating
pressure
Main
inlet
valve
(Oil
operated)
Valve
servo
diameter
Valve
servo
stroke
Valve
open-ing
and
crosrng
time
MuF
valve
operating
oil
pressure
Guide
vane
servo
stroke
L.
H.
guide
vane
seryo
diameter
R.H.
guide
vane
servo
diameter
Governor
closing
time
Pressure
relief
valve
bore
Design
pressure
Test
pressure
Time
of
closure
from
fully
open
to
fullv
closed
position
Relief
valve
servo
diameter
Relief
valve
servo
stroke
Maximum
speed
rise
1120
mm
24
4370
mm
3790
mm
800
mm
22.5
-
24.6
kgflcmz
4500
mm
diameter
(butterfly
valve)
965.20'mm
2022.1
mm
60
secs.
22.5
-
24.6
kgficmz
Maximum
pressure
rise
: 23 percent
of
maximum
static
head
casing
has
b,een
suppried
in
the
shape
of
67
prates
for
field
assembly
"na'il.iai"g.
'rs
url4Pe
or
o/
(fi)
Gulor
Vnr.rp
Appenerus
(l'if)
SueFT
AND
Sserr
Grar.rp
(fu)
Tunnnr
GuroE
BEARTNG
The
main
O::f"q
is
of
self_lubricating
shell
type.
The
oil
reservoir
is
secured
to
th;;h;"f;"ily.
ol'iiets
"oo
rotates
with
it.
(v)
Ton
CovBn
It
is
constructed_
of
electrically
welded
steel
plate
structure
with
heavy
flanges
uoO
Uoit,
It
is
bolted
to
the
.speed
ring,-
with
bearing
support
and
r._11'y1b1._unn.,
.
cast
sfeel
statronary
labyrinth
sealing
{ing.
're
^unoersl;.;;;1."r.Jp
,ou..
has
stainless
stEel
fTat.,
io-r;;;".
vanes.
Leakage
water
from
the
shaft
gland
and
top
::l:l it ,gravity
.
drainid
-ir,rouei*^'itui...oanes.
separate
borted
down
"art
i.;;
-b;;il
r,liiing,
are
459.44
mm
1070
mm
660
mm
3.2
secs.
2290
mm
12.50
kg/cm2
18.75
kglcmz
50
secs.
610
mm
760
mm
:
30
percent
(l)
Srrnnl
CAsTNG
aNo
Sray
RrNc
228
provided
which
contain
the
bronze
bushed
bearings
for guide
vanes._
provision
atio
iiist,
r*
iJi"rtiog
if;"
guide
vanes
vertical
clearance.
(vi)
Prvor
RrNc
(vft)
RuNNen
(viii)
Dnarr
Tutr,
Am
VervE
AND
DRnrr
Tuse
Cnoss
prucn
(ix)(a)
MarN
INrsr
Varvs
The
main
inlet
valve
is
of
the
butterfly
varve
tlpe
which
opens
under
balanced
conditions
'and
ctoseilo
an
emergency
under
full
flow.
(ix)(b)
PRessunn
Rnlrer
Valvn
The
relief
valve
.is.rigidly
connected
to
spiral
casing
branch
pipe
embedded
in
concrete.
Relief
valve
operates
automatically
and
simultane-
ously
with
the
closure
of
the
turbine
regulating gear.
In all
cases
of
sudden
drop
in
road,
ihrt.foirf
ttre
Generator
(a)
Gnrrnal
The generator
is
of
the
vertical
shaft
salient
pole
type'
The
stator
.is
*pported
on
a
concrete
printh
and
is
housed
in
suitabrf-shi;i-
,t..1
;;;;i-;ounted
^t3:,.
,h"
top
or
ini--piinirr
to
comptere
the
air
crrcuft.
The generator
has
a
thrust
and
guide
bearing
housed
in
the
bottom
Uracket.
-
.
The.
g-egerator
is
of closed
air
circuit
water
cooled
tYPe:
Axial
flow
fans
*ouot.o
on
the
rotor
are
used
to
circulate
cooling
"i.
tir"";h
th.;;.hi;
sr
(D)
TucuNrcAL
Dara
or
GsNnnAroR
(f)
Type
of
generator
(l'i)
Generator
rating
Umbrella
type
66.667
MVA
(flr)
Generated
voltage
11
kV
(iu)
Power
facror
0.9
(v)
Weight
of
assembled
rotor
225
tonnes
(vr)
No.
of
poles
of
rotor
36
(vii)
Speed
166.7
r.p.m.
(viii)
(a)
Stator
connections
Star
(D)
Runaway
speed
390
229
{ix)
Thrust
Bearing;
(a)
Type
(b)
No.
of
pads
(c)
Pad
dimensions
(d)
Net
bearing
surface
(e)
Normal
load
(f)
Normal
bearing
pressure
(x)
Bottom
Guide
Bearing
(a)
Type
(6)
Dimensions
(c)
No.
of
pads
(d)
Diameteral
clearance
(xi)
Cooling
Water
Requirements
(a)
Air
coolers
(b)
Oit
coolers
(xil)
Anti-condensation
Heaters
(xfri)
BrakelJack
Units
(a)
No.
of
units
(b)
Total
brake
lining
area
(c)
Wearing
deprh
of pad
(d)
Brake
operating
pres-
sure
(e)
Jacking
oil
pressure
(xr'v)
Exciter
'
(a)
No.
of
poles
'
(6)
Rating
(c)
Speed
(d)
Rated
voltage
(e)
Rated
current
230
Spring
mattress
l6
2200
mm
(outside
diameter)
1500
mm
(inside
diameter)
17,300
sq cm
555 tonnes
32.0
kglcmz
Pivoted
pad
2000
mm
(dia-
meter)
8000
cm2
Area
20
0.40
mm
6800
L.P.M.
r800
L.P.M.
t8
Nos.,
500
each
8
9800
sq
cm
8mm
5-5
kgisq
cm
75
kg/sq
cm
8
274
kW
166.7
r.p.m.
185
volts
1480
imps.
(/)
Ceiling
voltage
(g)
Normal
exciter
response
'
(h)
Main
field
current
at
rated
load
(l)
Max.
field
current
at
ceiling
voltage
(k)
Main pole
gap
(average)
(l)
Compote
gap
(Average)
-
Front
Rear
(z)
No.
of brushes
(xv)
Permanent
Magnet
Generator
(a)
Rating
(6)
No.
of
poles
'(c)
Speed
(d)
Power
factor
(e)
Rated
voltage
(
/ )
Air
gap
lengrh
Capacity
Voltage
rating
Phases
310
volts
1.5 p.u.
49.4
amps.
126.5
amps.
6.35
mm
10.2
mm
12.7
mn
40
r.0
kvA
36
166.7
r.p.m.
0.25
120
volts
3.556
mm
67
MVA
trl220
kv
t/t
Three
Weight
of
complete
transformer
:
97
tonnes
(Approx.).
All
these
transformers
are
provided
with
oFw
cooling.
. .special
provision
has
been
made
for
running
the
hydrogenerators
as
synchronous
"ooaio*ri,
-Ly"io.t"r-
lir-re
reuuisite
additional
equipments
and
controls.
This
pr-ovision
will
facilitate
the taking
or roua
in
an
extremely
shofi
time
in
case
of
forced 6otugi
or
some
,"J*:.*^::.::1li1s
units
in
the
system,
thui
,.d;;il;
*:,]rl"ltuption
period
of
powei
supirty
to -ioi-u..
l nrs
wrlt
lmprove
the
system
powef
iactor.
Under
this
condition,
the machine
is
connected
to line
and the
turbine
inlet
valve
(B:F.
valve)
and
the
guide
yanes
remain
closed
but with
the
spiial
casing
filll
of
water
at
low
pressure.
The
level-
of water
-in
the
runner
chamber
and
draft
tube
is
depressed
by means of
compressed
air
so
that the runnei
rotates
iri
the
air.
13.
MECHAMCAL
INSTALLATION
Outlet
Gates
was
dewatered
and it was
found out
that
the
bell-
mouth liner
had also
been
damaged and
ripped
off
at
some places.
ald
base
plate
which
was
also
not
properly
contained.
The reasons
for
damage
to
bellmouth liner
was
due
to the separation
of liner with
the 2nd stage.concrete
because of concrete
shrinkage. The high
pressure
water
found
its
way
behind the
liner
and
exerted
d.iffcrential
pressure
on
it
during
trial
run.
Rectifica-
tlons
to
gates
and
gate
grooves
(Figure
26)
carried
out
were
as
under
:
(t)
Mild
steel
base
plate
was
ground
to
achieve
maximum
bearing
throughout
the
gate
length.
.
countersunk
to
match
holes
of the
embedded
liners.
(rtt)
All
the
holes
inthe
base
plate
liner were
retap-
pgd
to
increase
the
length
of threads
from
17
to 25
mm.
Countersunk
bolts
with
grooves
were
replaced
with
countersunk
bolts with
projected
head.
The
projecting
head was
sheared
off
after
tightening.
(iv)
Stainless
steel
weld
of
6 mm
was
provided
bet-
ween
track
plate
and base
liner
on
water
side
of
the
conduit
and between
track
plate
and
embedded
groove
on
other
side.
(u)
The
track
screws,
gate
screws and
shear
pins
were
made
out
of
kW-20 material
which
had
been
heat treated
to
get
required
strength.
(vi)
The
asbestos
packing
under
bronze
seals
of
gates
was
replaced
with
brass
packing.
(vii)
Any
possible
gap
left
between track
plate
and
base
plate
was
epoxy
grouted
at
6.34 kg/cmz
pressure.
-
The
repairs
to
the damaged
bellmouth-liner
included
:
-
(i)
Replacing
ripped
off
liners with
new liners
of
same
profile
with
extra
stiffeners.
(tt)
Providing
anchors
to
anchor
the new
liner
with
old
concrete.
(fir)
Providing
drainage
holes
of
l0 mm
diameter
to
relieve pressure
behind
the liners.
(ir)
Binding old
and new
concrete through epoxy
grouting.
(v)
Providing
a
steel
plate
at
the nose connecting
the
two liners,
seal
plate
and around
face
of
bellmouth
which
was
filled
with epoxy
mortar.
The
post-repair
performance
of the
gates
has been
found
satisfactorv.
23r
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232
Penstock
Emergency
Gate
-
An
emergcncy
gqte,
3.0!
m
x6.4
m
fixed wheel
type,
baving
upstream
sealing
is installed
at the
entranci'of
€agh
.
penstock.
The
hoist
is 1S0-tonne
capacity
sufficient
to tift
the
gate
under
94.58 m
head.
Ttr6
Blttes
were
supplied
by
M/s
Treveni
Structures Ltd.,
{-iovernment
of India
undertaking.
The
gate
for tunner
P3
was
erected
in
lg72
and
kipt
huig in
the slot
till
6
August
1975
when
it
was
lolwered
-for
the first
time.
Immediately
on
lowering
excessive leakage
was
observed.
An inspection
revealed
damage
to sicle
and
bottom
rubber
seals,
steel
clamps,
caiitational
damage
to skin plate
and loosening
of
sieil
bolts.
The
rectification
comprised
(Figure
26):
(t)
Replacing
rubber
seals and
guide
shoes.
(fi)
Providing
mild
steel
clamps
of 20
mm
thickness
instead
of
12
mm.
(ffi)
For
fixing
side
and bottom
rubber
seals
12
mm
diameter
stainless
steel
countersunk
slotted
-
screws
were
replaced
with
16 mm
diameter.
Stainless
steel
socket
had
countersunk
screws
whereas
for bottom
rubber
seal,
l0 mm
diameter
stainless
steel
bolts had
been
used. Mild
steel
stopper
plates
were
provided
on
both
sides of
the
rubber
seals
to
prevent
its
lateral
movement
with
a
provision
of
grooves
for entry
of
water
for
seal
pressurisation.
(iu)
Replacing
guide
shoe
with
new
one.
(u)
The
cali$tgd
-portion
of
the
skin
plate
was
gro-und
plight,
blilr_up
to
nearly
fullihickness
.
with
weld
deposit
and-ground
fllsh.
--
--
subsequeqt
testing^
has
reveared
satisfactory
gate
operation.
These
rectifications
were,
tnirelore
carried
out
for
emergency gates
of
tunnel.
'pi-"o
a--'pz
in
the
first
instancel
Spillway
Control
Gates
,
siT
radial.gates
each
of
size
r4.4g
m
x
12.34
m
have
been
designed,
manufactured
and
instalred
at
the
p-j.ri
for
the
spillway
control
structure.
Cylindrical
Bulkheads
For
closing
the
intake
structure,
cylindrical
pufineg{s
(bott]om,
interieai"t"
?nd
top
units)
and
flat
bulkheads
have
been
designed
uoa-iauri"uteo
at
the
projecr-
Thg
burkheads
ati hindled
;itli-;t"
nerp
9f
fl-oggin_g
derrick
crane
40145
tonne
capacitfi
ioppri.il
9r {I/s
Jeslops,
calcutta.'
The
ctosure'oiliiaftLs
witn
the
helr..of
bulkheads
and
derrick
"tuo.
hur
been
successtully
tried
at Beas
Dam
for
the
first
timJ
in
til
country.
other
mechanical
instailations
such
as
stoplogs
fg:,t_t^.lp_ilq- 1ingr
bed
entry
or
aiviision
iunnels,
rrasnracKs
around-
permanent
intakes,
cover
frame
to
act
as
roof
of
idtake,
orafi-iuue
uoo piiri,rie
retief
yqlvg
gates
for
power
plant,
etc.,
were
briii"rO
and
fabricated
at
the
project.-
10.
ReservoirOperation
Part
lV-rnilial
B,esorooir
Filling
and
oTteration
The
regulation
cycle
for
the
reservoir
embodies
.fill-
ilg'-period
frgm
early
June
to
late September
and
'depletion
period'
when
river
flows
are-
ebbed. No
utilizable
storage
is
assumed
to
be available
at
the
beginning
of the filling period.
Flow
in
excess
of
the
normal
indent
is
stored
in
the
reservoir
for use
during
depletion period
whefi
the
requirements'
exceed rivei
inflow.
;ed
to meet
the
irrigation
c inflow
and
the available
view. Reservoir
regulation
directed
towards
meeting
rll, regardless
the
level to
which
the
storage
woutd
be
accomplished.
The
releases
233
during
the
depletion
perio
!
are
determined
by making
icable
reservoir
fattor.
Th;
of
the
available
storage
and
:
end
of
the
depletion period
coffesponding
period,
due
he
reservoir
losses
and-
for
rrnel
below
the
dam.
The
es
an
uncertain
element
in
factor.
It
.is
assumed
that
lriod
would
correspond
to
I
year,
variations
therefrom
tstments
in
reservoir
factor
11.
History
of
Reservoir
Fitling
-
The
reservoir
was
not
considered
in
operation
when
it
got, filled
anq
depleted-Aurine
rd-;;;riru"tioo
period
of
the
dam
ind
monsoon"
flows;ltri;
river
we.re
passed
through
the
diversion
tunnels.
The
reser-
voir
operation
wis
started
tunnel
p3
alone
was
avail-
;ration
during
the
first year,
:pt
open
along
with
spillway
I
rhe
event
of
a
hieli
flow.
attained
was
406.1
te
m
on
orage
of
4,050
million
cu
m
ation
in
the
low
flow
season.
for
first
year
was,
however,
,.^9pliog
the
monsoon
of
1975,
storage
to
elevation
419.49G
m
was
attained
bv 20
s.bt.-uEr
-igi;.
The
monsoon
flows
were
paised
th;;;;h
-in"-'Jpillway
chute
when
the
reservoir
rLvJ
ro..
ubin.
-tn.
ipilway
re
27).
Thus
5,513
inittioir
e
provided
for
irrigation
by
rl
increase
in
the
maximum
)
years
was
adopted
from
safety
of
the
dam
and
its
um
reservoir
level
reached
';?',T#',
Jffi
,
i:
\"ilf
1il'J
re
maximum
reservoir
level
of
s t
orage
be
came
ava
i
labf
?:.t'
t":l,,r?i1'f
"i,rto,#
beneficiary
States
of
punjab,
Haryana
and
Rajasthan.
FrGt''RE
27
: Flows
beyond
storage
capacity
of
reservoir
passing
through
Beas
Dam
spillway.
234
o
lrl
c,
F
lrl
:
=
z
o
2
UJ
J
t{
g
o
r,
lrl
o
lrl
c
4.r
5
4to
405
.oo
39s
390
385
380
frr"..1-
JULv+
Aucusr{sEprE€EqocroaERlNovEMeenfoecer.,recR
I
JANUARv,
FIGURE 28
:
Reservoir
operation.
Since
the
reservoir
can now
be
filled
to
its
normal
The
reservoir
levels
attained
during
initial
as
well
as
normal
filling
of
the reservoir
aie
indicated
in
Figure
28.
lreenr.nnv
I
uencx
{epnr
c
-f.
rr ^t
1*rl,
Bibliography
(l)
BHALLA,
B.S.
anC
GUpTA,
S.p.
:
..Beas
Dam-Salient
Design
Features."
published
in
Irrigation
ina
power
Journal
of
C.B.I.
&
p.,
July
lgTZ
Issue.-
(2)
PATTA,
O.P.
_and
NAYAR,
y.p.
:
..Beas
project
Unit
Il-Design
of
Penstock
and
'Bifurcation".
pubiished
in
Irrigation
and
Power
Journal
of
C.B.I.
&p.-Jilv lg77
Issue.
(3)
MEHTA,
O.R.
and
SOBTI,
S.p.:
"Beas
Dam-Intake
Structure".
Published
in
Indian
Journal
of
powerand
River
Valley
Developmenr,
August
1977Issue.
235
T]KAI
DAM
by
J.
F.
MISTRY
Chief
Engineer
and
Joint
Secretary
lrrigation
Department,
Gujarat
Gandhinagar
