LANGUAGE
NOTES
Polish, like Latin, belongs
to
the
so-called inclined languages. This means
that
nouns, adjectives,
pronouns
and
numbers change
their
endings according to
their
case.
Cases
indicate
the
relationship between words.
The
base
form
(dictionary
form)
of
a
noun
(adjective, etc.) is called the
nominative
case.
The subject
of
a
sentence
is
always in
the
nominative
case.
For example:
Polski
język
jest
interesujący.
To jest nasza pierwsza lekcja.
W Bostonie mieszka moja matka.
Ulicą
idzie staruszek.
The Polish language is interesting.
This is
our
first lesson.
My
mother lives in Boston.
An
old
man
is walking on the street.
As
you
see,
because
the
subject
of
the sentence
is
recognizable
by
its ending,
it
does
not
have a
fixed
place in a sentence.
It
can
be practically anywhere.
Gender
Ali
nouns
in
Polish are
divided
into
three genders: masculine, feminine,
and
neuter. Basical/y,
the
ending
indicates the
gender
(of a
noun
or
of
an adjective)
and
the
case.
The
majority
of
nouns (in base form)
ending
in a consonant are masculine;
nouns
that
end
in
-a are feminine,
and
nouns
that
end
in -o, -e, -um
or
-ę
are neuter.
8