196
ɂɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨɛ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɭ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ
ɧɚ ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɨ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ,
ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɳɟɦɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ SCSD
ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ SCAD ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɬ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɣ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ
ɫɟɣɫɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɩɨ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹɦɢ
ɋɇɢɉ [18]. Ɉɬɦɟɬɢɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɷɬɚɩɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ, ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɭɹɫɶ ɧɚ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɭ
ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɨ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨ ɫɩɟɤɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ, ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ 1 ɍɆɄ ɢ ɜ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɦ
ɩɨɫɨɛɢɢ [4].
1). ɉɪɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ (ɋɑ)
ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɢɦ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹ (ɋɎɄ) ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ
(ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ – ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ SCAD ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɪɚɦɵ
(ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 2)). C ɷɬɨɣ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ SCAD ɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɆɄɗ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɦɚɬɪɢɱɧɨɦ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ:
0uMK M
ii
)(.
(1)
Ɂɞɟɫɶ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɭ ɠɟɫɬɤɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɆɄɗ
ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ;
M ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɚɬɪɢɰɟɣ ɦɚɫɫ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ;
i
u – ɦɚɬɪɢɰɚ-ɫɬɨɥɛɟɰ,
ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɭɡɥɨɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɥɸɛɨɣ
ɋɎɄ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɟɣ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɦɚɫɫ;
i
M – ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ
ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ
1
KMB
; 0 –ɦɚɬɪɢɰɚ-ɫɬɨɥɛɟɰ ɫ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ, ɪɚɜɧɵɦɢ ɧɭɥɸ.
ɑɢɫɥɨ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ (1) ɪɚɜɧɨ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɫɬɟɩɟɧɟɣ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɟ ɪɚɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɟɟ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ. ɗɬɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɢ
ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɦɚɬɪɢɰ. Ⱦɥɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɜ ɪɚɦɵ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ. 2) ɢɦɟɟɦ ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɧɵɯ ɦɚɬɪɢɰ
M ɢ K ɪɚɜɧɵɣ (12·12), ɚ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɨɜ
i
u ɢ 0 – (1·12).
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ, ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɦɵɣ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɟ SCAD, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɦɚɬɪɢɰ
K ɢ M ɞɥɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ (ɜ ɤɭɪɫɨɜɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ –
– ɪɚɦɵ), ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ (1), ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɫɹ:
– ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ
i
M ɦɚɬɪɢɰɵ
1
KMB
;
– ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɤɪɭɝɨɜɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ
ii
M Z (ɪɚɞ/ɫ, 1/ɫ);
– ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ
S
2/
ii
f (Ƚɰ);
– ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɢɨɞɵ
iii
fT ZS /21/ (ɫ) ;
– ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɦɚɫɫ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɟɣ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɛɪɚɧɧɨɣ
ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɪɚɦɵ, ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɨɜ
i
u ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɟ
ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɜɢɞ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ
i - ɣɋɎɄ.
ɑɢɫɥɨ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ (1) ɪɚɜɧɨ ɱɢɫɥɭ
ɭɡɞ
2 nn
ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɟɣ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ, ɝɞɟ n
ɭɡ
– ɱɢɫɥɨ ɭɡɥɨɜ ɫɬɟɪɠɧɟɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫ Ʉɗ ɬɢɩɚ 2 (ɩɨ
ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ SCAD). Ⱦɥɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɨɣ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɆɄɗ (ɫɦ. ɪɢɫ.2)
ɱɢɫɥɨ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ (1) ɪɚɜɧɨ 12.
Ⱥɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɭɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɣ (1) ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɲɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ