Факторы окружающей среды и здоровье человека. Опыт Дании

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>bjihhloh^ZfkihijZ\dZfb\g_k_ggufb>bj>Zlkdh_

ihklZgh\e_gb_ihhloh^ZfihklZgh\e_gb_hlZij_ey]kh^_j`bl

hij_^_e_gb_hloh^h\Wlhhij_^_e_gb_j_Zebam_lhij_^_e_gb_hloh^h\?KWlh[ueh

k^_eZghg_kfhljygZg_`_eZgb_^Zlkdbo\eZkl_c^Z\Zlvhij_^_e_gb_hloh^h\\

^Zlkdboj_]eZf_glbjmxsboghjfZo>Zlkdb_\eZklbkqblZxlqlhlZdh_hij_^_e_gb_

^Zlvg_\hafh`gh

>bjHWK^bj^bj^bj^bj^bj

^bj^bj^bj^bj^bj^bj^bj

^bj

AZbkdexq_gb_f^bj_dlb\ihaZ]jyag_gbxhlZ\lhfh[bevgh]hljZgkihjlZ^bj_dlb\

ihkh^_j`Zgbxk\bgpZb[_gaheZ\[_gabg_b^bj_dlb\_ih^\mhdbkbk_ju\lhieb\_



ihaZ]jyag_gbxhlZ\lhfh[bevgh]hljZgkihjlZWlbghjfu[uebiha^g__

\\_^_gu\aZdhgh^Zl_evkl\h?KdZd^bj_dlb\u

Kms_kl\m_lljb\b^Z^bj_dlb\?Kj_]mebjmxsbo\h^gmxkj_^mghjfu

ihij_^hl\jZs_gbxk[jhkh\aZ]jyagyxsbo\_s_kl\\ih\_joghklgu_

\h^ughjfuihij_^hl\jZs_gbxhihkj_^h\Zggh]haZ]jyag_gby\h^

nbevljZpbybghjfumklZgZ\eb\Zxsb_hij_^_e_ggh_bkihevah\Zgb_

\h^ghckj_^ub\h^u>bj_dlb\u\wlhckn_j_y\eyxlkyfbgbfZevgufb

aZbkdexq_gb_fijZ\beihfhxsbf\_s_kl\ZfbqbklysbffZl_jbZeZf

J_]eZf_glbjmxsb_ghjfu\>Zgbby\eyxlky\hkgh\ghfhljZ`_gb_f

ghjfblj_[h\Zgbc?K<Dhfbkkbb?Kih^\_j]ebkhfg_gbxj_ZebaZpbx

\>Zgbb^bj_dlb\uihgbljZlZfh[tykgyywlhg_h[oh^bfhklvx

^hihegblv^Zlkdh_aZdhgh^Zl_evkl\hkl_fqlh[uij_^hl\jZlblv

aZ]jyag_gb_gbljZlZfbb\uihegblvlj_[h\Zgby^bj_dlb\uH^gZdhihke_

ijbgylby>Zgb_cIeZgZ^_ckl\bcih\h^ghckj_^_,,^_eh[uehaZdjulh

3.3.2

<ebygb_f_`^mgZjh^gh]hkhljm^gbq_kl\Z

Ijh[e_fuljZgk]jZgbqgh]haZ]jyag_gbyjZa\blb_\gZijZ\e_gbb\k_

[he__hldjulh]hf_`^mgZjh^gh]hjugdZbjZklmsZyihlj_[ghklv\

h[f_g_bgnhjfZpb_cf_`^mkljZgZfbijb\_ebdmkbe_gbx

f_`^mgZjh^gh]hkhljm^gbq_kl\ZIhke_lh]hdZdgZKlhd]hevfkdhc

dhgn_j_gpbb]gZf_`^mgZjh^gmxih\_kldm^gy\klZe\hijhkh[

hojZg_hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^u[uehaZdexq_gh[hevrh_dhebq_kl\h

f_`^mgZjh^guokh]eZr_gbc\hfgh]bobadhlhjuomqZkl\m_lb>Zgby

H[sb_ijbgpbiuf_`^mgZjh^gh]hijZ\ZqlhhagZqZ_lijbgpbiugZ

dhlhjuohij_^_eyxlkyijZ\Zbh[yaZgghklb]hkm^Zjkl\\khhl\_lkl\bbk

h[sbff_`^mgZjh^gufijZ\hflj_[mxlhl]hkm^Zjkl\ijhy\e_gby

bgl_j_kZd^jm]bf]hkm^Zjkl\ZfIheblbdZbaZdhgh^Zl_evkl\h>Zgbb\

h[eZklbhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^uba^jZ\hhojZg_gbyy\eyxlkyhljZ`_gb_f

jZklms_]hf_`^mgZjh^gh]hkhljm^gbq_kl\Zb\ayluo\wlhckn_j_

h[yaZl_evkl\

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hkh[h]h\gbfZgbyijbh[km`^_gbbwdheh]bq_kdhcih\_kldbkljZgZfb?K

bebfbjZH^gZdh\gZklhys__\j_fydZjlbgZf_gy_lky

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khklhygb_fhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^uI_j\Zy_\jhi_ckdZydhgn_j_gpby<HAih

hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^_ba^jZ\hhojZg_gbx[ueZijh\_^_gZ\]b\g_c

ijbgyebmqZklb_fbgbkljuhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^uba^jZ\hhojZg_gby

<lhjZyblj_lvydhgn_j_gpbbkhklhyebkv\]b]<wlbo

dhgn_j_gpbyoijbgyebmqZklb_ij_^klZ\bl_ebDhfbkkbb?KGZ\lhjhc

dhgn_j_gpbb[ueZijbgylZ>_deZjZpby^_ckl\bcihhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^_b

a^jZ\hhojZg_gbx<^_deZjZpbb\ujZ`Z_lkyh[s__kh]eZkb_qlh

ijhnbeZdlbdZa^hjh\vybhojZgZhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^ug_ijhlb\hj_qZlZ

^hihegyxl^jm]^jm]Z

Djhf_wlh]h[ueh\ujZ`_ghkh]eZkb_

hkms_kl\eylvkhljm^gbq_kl\hkhkljmdlmjZfbhj]ZgbaZpbbHdjm`ZxsZy

kj_^Z\?\jhi_gZijZ\e_ggh_gZklbfmebjh\Zgb_\dexq_gby

f_jhijbylbca^jZ\hhojZg_gby\ijbjh^hhojZggu_ieZgu^_ckl\bcbebbo

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Kl>_deZjZpbb

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k[eb`_gb_kgbfbZlZd`_gZklbfmebjh\Zgb_bhdZaZgb_kh^_ckl\by

jZajZ[hld_kh\f_klguoijh_dlh\f_`^mgZjh^guohj]ZgbaZpbcgZ

_\jhi_ckdhfmjh\g_

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hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^_ba^jZ\hhojZg_gbbOZjlbyihhsjy_lmklhcqb\h_

jZa\blb_\ljZgkihjlghfk_dlhj_

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hojZg_hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^_b\h[eZklba^jZ\hhojZg_gby

Boijbf_jZfby\eyxlkyJZfhqgZy^bj_dlb\ZihdZq_kl\m\ha^moZ

bkhhl\_lkl\mxsb_ijhba\h^gu_^bj_dlb\uhkgh\Zggu_]eZ\guf

h[jZahfgZghjfZlb\Zo<HA^eyij_^_evguo\_ebqbgjy^Z\_s_kl\

hij_^_eyxsbodZq_kl\h\ha^moZ

Dhg\_gpbyih^hklmimdbgnhjfZpbbmqZklbxh[s_kl\_gghklb\

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f_`^mgZjh^gufkh]eZr_gb_f\wlhfj_]bhg_fbjZ

dhlhjh_k\yau\Z_l

ijZ\Zq_eh\_dZk[eZ]hijbylghchdjm`Zxs_ckj_^hcWlZDhg\_gpby

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ijh^\b`_gbb

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\u^_ey_lagZqbl_evgu_kj_^kl\ZgZkhljm^gbq_kl\hf_`^mkljZgZfbfbjZ

b?Kih\hijhkZfhojZguhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^ubijbjh^gh]hfbjZb\

j_amevlZl_ih\ur_ggh]h\ihke_^g__\j_fyf_`^mgZjh^gh]hbgl_j_kZd

a^hjh\vxgZkhljm^gbq_kl\h\h[eZklba^jZ\hhojZg_gby

3.3.3

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Kms_kl\m_ljy^ijbgpbih\dhlhju_ijbkmsbwdheh]bq_kdhfmijZ\m\

p_ehfwlhij_`^_\k_]hke_^mxsb_

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mklhcqb\hklb

J_ZebaZpbyaZ^Zqbmklhcqb\hklb\^Zlkdhf

aZdhgh^Zl_evkl\_\[hevrhckl_i_gbaZ\bkblhlkbkl_fuj_r_gbcb

f_jdhlhju_^he`gubkihevah\Zlvhj]Zgu\eZklb\dexqZyhj]Zgu

mijZ\e_gbyijbj_ZebaZpbbijbjh^hhojZgguoieZgh\^_ckl\bcbhl

aZdhgh^Zl_evguobgkljmf_glh\bbgbpbZlb\mklZgh\e_gguo

j_]eZf_glbjmxsbfbijZ\h\ufbghjfZfb

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y\ey_lkybkihevah\Zgb_p_ehklgh]hih^oh^Zbhlghkbl_evghl_kghc

k\yabf_`^mj_]eZf_glbjmxsbfbghjfZfb\h[eZklbhojZgu

Kfkl>_deZjZpbb

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:f_jbdZgkdhcdhg\_gpbbihijZ\Zfq_eh\_dZb:njbdZgkdZyoZjlbyihijZ\Zf

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ijbgylbyg_dhlhjuoj_r_gbcaZdhghfjZaj_r_ghmqblu\Zlvrbjhdbc

ki_dljbgl_j_kh\b\a]ey^h\\dexqZyh[s_kl\_ggu_Emqr_\k_]hwlh

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b\b^h\^_yl_evghklby\eyxsbokydjmigufbaZ]jyagbl_eyfb

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hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^u

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aZdhgh^Zl_evkl\Z<j_amevlZl_gZh[_ki_q_gb_dhgljheybkiheg_gby

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qlh^Zlkdb_hj]ZgumijZ\e_gbykqblZxlhojZgmhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^u

\Z`ghckn_jhcZlZd`_lh]hqlh\>Zgbb[uehfgh]hijh[e_fk

j_ZebaZpb_cwdheh]bq_kdh]hijZ\Zhkh[_ggh^hk_j_^bguo]]

•

Jy^wdheh]bq_kdboijbgpbih\±g_dhlhju_bagboohjhrhba\_klguba

klZlvb[u\r>h]h\hjZ?K±y\ey_lkyhkgh\hcbeb

ijyfh\dexq_g\aZ^Zqbdhlhju_klZ\ylky\^ZlkdboaZdhgZokf

l_dklh\uc[ehdgb`_

L_dklh\uc[ehd

3.1

Ijbgpbiuijbjh^hhojZgguo^_ckl\bc

IjbgpbiaZ]jyagbl_evieZlblIjbgpbiaZ]jyagbl_evieZlbl\ujZ`Z_lb^_xh

lhfqlhaZljZluk\yaZggu_kmom^r_gb_fdZq_kl\Zhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^ugZg_k_gguf

_cms_j[hfbebhkms_kl\e_gb_fj_Z[beblZpbhgguof_jhijbylbcbf_jhijbylbcih

hqbkld_^he`ghg_klbg_h[s_kl\hq_j_agZeh]bZebphdhlhjh_y\behkvijbqbghc

wlh]haZ]jyag_gb_kf:HHKklZlvyih^jZa^_e

Ijbgpbiwdheh]bq_kdhcij_\_glb\ghklbIjbgpbiwdheh]bq_kdhcij_^hklhjh`ghklb

\f_kl_kijbgpbihfij_\_glb\ghklbhagZqZ_lihkms_kl\mqlhijbgbfZ_fu_f_ju

^he`gugZijZ\eylvky]eZ\gufh[jZahfg_klhevdhgZlhqlh[u\hkklZgh\blvms_j[

bebebd\b^bjh\Zlvihke_^kl\byihke_lh]hdZdwlhijhbahrehkdhevdhgZ

ij_^hl\jZs_gb_^hgZklmie_gbykh[ulbyih\j_`^_gbybebms_j[Ziml_f

bkihevah\Zgbyemqrbobf_xsbokykj_^kl\bf_lh^h\kf:HHKklZlvyih^jZa^_e

1).

IjbgpbimkljZg_gbyms_j[Zm_]hbklhqgbdZwdheh]bq_kdbcms_j[^he`_g\i_j\mx

hq_j_^vmkljZgylvkymbklhqgbdZ_]h\hagbdgh\_gbykf:HHKklZlvbb

Ijbgpbiwdheh]bq_kdhcij_^hklhjh`ghklbIj_\_glb\gu_f_juijbgbfZxlky_keb

kms_kl\mxlh[hkgh\Zggu_ijbqbgu^ey[_kihdhckl\Zqlh\_s_kl\Zbebwg_j]by

ihy\b\rb_ky\hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^_ijyfufbebhihkj_^h\Zggufiml_ffh]mlgZg_klb

ms_j[a^hjh\vxq_eh\_dZ_]hkms_kl\h\Zgbxj_kmjkZf^Z`__kebg_kms_kl\m_l

m[_^bl_evgh]h^hdZaZl_evkl\Zkms_kl\h\Zgbyijbqbgghck\yabf_`^mkh[ulb_fb_]h

ke_^kl\b_fkf:HHKklZlvyih^jZa^_ei

IjbgpbiaZf_s_gbyIjbgpbiaZf_s_gbyijb^Z_lhkh[mx\Z`ghklv\dexq_gbx

ihl_gpbZevguojbkdh\b`bag_ggh]hpbdeZdZdh]heb[hijh^mdlZ\ijhp_kkijbgylby

j_r_gbykf:HHKklZlvyih^jZa^_ei

KhdjZs_gb_aZ]jyag_gbyIjbgpbikhdjZs_gbyaZ]jyag_gby\dexqZ_l\k_[yijbgpbi

bkihevah\Zgbyemqrbobf_xsbokyl_ogbq_kdbokj_^kl\bl_ogheh]bcbijbgpbi

wdheh]bq_kdb^jm`_kl\_gguol_ogheh]bcIjbijhba\h^kl\_bli^he`gu

bkihevah\ZlvkygZb[he__wnn_dlb\gu_bkh\j_f_ggu_f_lh^ubl_ogheh]bbdhlhju_

Kibkhdhij_^_e_gbcijb\_^_g\wdheh]bq_kdhfaZdhg_?Kkljb

wdheh]bq_kdhfaZdhg_>Zgbbklj



g_lj_[mxlg_jZpbhgZevguobqj_af_jguoaZljZlkf:HHKklZlvyih^jZa^_e

Ijbgpbi[_ahiZkgh]hjZaf_s_gbyehdZebaZpbbaZ]jyag_gbyAZ]jyagyxsb_

ij_^ijbylbyblhj]h\ey^he`gujZaf_sZlvkygZh]jZgbq_gguol_jjblhjbyo

mklhcqb\uodaZ]jyag_gbxkf:HHKklZlvyih^jZa^_eb

Hj]ZgZfmijZ\e_gby\>Zgbb^Zgurbjhdb_iheghfhqbyihj_r_gbx

\hijhkh\\h[eZklbhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^uIjbgpbiuijbjh^hhojZgguo

^_ckl\bc\g_dhlhjhckl_i_gbhij_^_eyxl]jZgbpuijbf_g_gbylZdhc

k\h[h^u^_ckl\bcIhkms_kl\mj_ZebaZpbyijbgpbih\ijbjh^hhojZgguo

^_ckl\by\[hevrhckl_i_gbaZ\bkblhl\u[hjZj_r_gbcbf_j

ijbgbfZ_fuohj]ZgZfbmijZ\e_gbyhojZghchdjm`Zxs_ckj_^ub

a^jZ\hhojZg_gbyihj_ZebaZpbbieZgh\^_ckl\bcihhojZg_hdjm`Zxs_c

kj_^uba^hjh\vyq_eh\_dZZlZd`_gZf_j_gbchij_^_e_gguo

aZdhgh^Zl_evkl\hf

3.3.4

IjbgpbiuZ^fbgbkljZlb\gh]hijZ\Z

Wdheh]bq_kdh_ijZ\hjZkkfZljb\Z_lky\>ZgbbdZdqZklv

Z^fbgbkljZlb\gh]hijZ\ZIhwlhfmdwdheh]bq_kdhfmijZ\mb

Z^fbgbkljZlb\gufj_r_gbyf\h[eZklbhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^uijbf_gbfu

ijbgpbiuljZ^bpbhggh]hZ^fbgbkljZlb\gh]hijZ\ZHkgh\gu_ijbgpbiu

Z^fbgbkljZlb\gh]hijZ\Zijb\h^ylkygb`_\l_dklh\hf[ehd_

L_dklh\uc[ehd3.1 IjbgpbiuZ^fbgbkljZlb\gh]hijZ\Zijbgpbiukm^_[gh]h

dhgljhey

IjbgpbiaZdhgghklb (Legalitetsprincippet) y\ey_lky^\m_^bgufIjhp_kkmijZ\e_gbyg_

fh`_lijhlb\hj_qblvaZdhgmDjhf_wlh]hlj_[m_lkyqlh[uZ^fbgbkljZlb\gZy

^_yl_evghklv[ueZmaZdhg_gZijbagZggufbklhqgbdhf±\khhl\_lkl\bbkaZdhghf

Ijbgpbihj]ZgbaZpbhgghcki_pbZebaZpbb(Det organisatoriske specialitetsprincip)

aZij_sZ_lbkihevah\Zgb_h^gbfZ^fbgbkljZlb\gufhj]Zghf djbl_jb_\dhlhju_

ijbf_gyxlky\h[eZklbgZoh^ys_cky\dhfi_l_gpbb^jm]h]hZ^fbgbkljZlb\gh]h

hj]ZgZ

Ijbgpbig_aZ\bkbfhcki_pbZebaZpbb (Det materielle specialitetsSULQFLSij_^ibku\Z_l

qlh[uhj]ZgmijZ\e_gbydhlhjucy\ey_lkyZ^fbgbkljZlb\gufhj]ZghfjZaguo

h[eZkl_cijZ\Zg_bkihevah\Zek\hbiheghfhqbyihh^ghfmijZ\m^eyj_r_gby

\hijhkh\hlghkysbokyd^jm]hfmijZ\m

IjhihjpbhgZevghklvKh]eZkghijbgpbimijhihjpbhgZevghklbhj]Zg

]hkm^Zjkl\_ggh]hmijZ\e_gbyg_fh`_lgZeZ]Zlvh[yaZl_evkl\ZgZ]jZ`^ZgbgZdjhf_

dZd\lZdhckl_i_gbdhlhjZyg_h[oh^bfZ\bgl_j_kZoh[s_kl\Z^ey^hklb`_gbyp_eb

ijbf_gy_fhcf_juWlhlj_[m_lkms_kl\h\ZgbyjZamfgh]hkhhlghr_gbyf_`^mp_evx

bkj_^kl\hf__^hklb`_gby

JZ\_gkl\hIjbgpbijZ\_gkl\Zml\_j`^Z_lqlhkoh^gu_kemqZb^he`gu

jZkkfZljb\Zlvkyhj]ZgZfb\eZklbh^bgZdh\hHldehg_gb_hlkeh`b\r_ckyijZdlbdb

fh`_l[ulvhkgh\ZghlhevdhgZdhgdj_lguobjZamfguoijbqbgZolZdb_ijbqbgu

hkgh\ZgugZnmg^Zf_glZevguoiheh`_gbyoijZ\Zdhlhjh_e_`bl\hkgh\_ijbgylby

j_r_gby

3.3.5

AZdhgh^Zl_evgZykbkl_fZ

GZb[he__\Z`gufb^Zlkdbfbijbjh^hhojZggufbaZdhgZfb\h[eZklb

a^jZ\hhojZg_gbybkf_`guoh[eZklyoy\eyxlky

HibkZgb_ijbgpbih\ijb\h^blky\$QGHUVHQ)RUYDOWQLQJVUHW$GPLQLVWUDWLYH/DZ

kljb



•

:dlh[hojZg_hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^u

•

:dlhieZgbjh\ZgbbjZa\blbyl_jjblhjbcjZa\blby

•

:dlhobfbq_kdbo\_s_kl\Zobijh^mdpbb

•

:dlhaZ]jyag_gbbihq\u

•

:dlh\h^hkgZ[`_gbb

<k_wlbaZdhguijh\h^bl\`bagvFbgbkl_jkl\hhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^ub

wg_j]_lbdbGb`_ijb\h^blkydjZldh_hibkZgb_dZ`^h]hbawlboaZdhgh\

:dlh[hojZg_hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^uZlZd`_:dlhieZgbjh\ZgbbjZa\blby

l_jjblhjbcjZa\blbyb:dlhaZsbl_ijbjh^uy\eyxlkylj_fylZd

gZau\Z_fufbnmg^Zf_glZevgufbijbjh^hhojZggufbaZdhgZfb\>Zgbb

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agZqbl_evgufij_h[jZah\Zgbyf\jZfdZoxjb^bq_kdh]hmdj_ie_gby

kbkl_fu\h[eZklbhojZguhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^u

:dlh[hojZg_hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^u

:dlh[hojZg_hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^u(3$y\ey_lkyh^gbfba

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hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^uba^hjh\vyq_eh\_dZGh\uc:dl(3$\klmibe\kbem

\]

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AZ^ZqZ(3$

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hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^ukl_fqlh[ujZa\blb_h[s_kl\Z[uehhkgh\ZghgZ

dhgp_ipbbmklhcqb\hklbbm\Z`_gbymkeh\bc`bagbex^_cbaZsbsZlv

nehjmbnZmgmWlhaZdhghij_^hl\jZs_gbbaZ]jyag_gbyb[hjv[_kgbf

bke_^h\Zl_evghhggZijZ\e_ggZaZsblm\g_rg_ckj_^uZlfhkn_ju

\h^uihq\uih^a_fghckj_^uba^hjh\vyex^_c\lh\j_fydZd^jm]b_

aZdhguhlghkylkyd\gmlj_gg_fmdebfZlmbijhba\h^kl\_ggufmkeh\byf

AZ^Zqb(3$aZdexqZxlky\qZklghklb\lhfqlh[u

ij_^hl\jZsZlvb[hjhlvkykaZ]jyag_gb_f\ha^moZ\h^uihq\ug_^j

ZlZd`_kgZjmr_gbyfbijbqbgy_fufb\b[jZpb_cbrmfhf

h[_ki_qb\Zlvj_]mebjh\Zgb_hkgh\Zggh_gZkZgblZjgh]b]b_gbq_kdbo

khh[jZ`_gbyoy\eyxsboky\Z`gufb^eyq_eh\_dZbhdjm`Zxs_c

kj_^u

khdjZsZlvbkihevah\Zgb_bihl_jbkujvyb^jm]boj_kmjkh\

kihkh[kl\h\Zlvijbf_g_gbx[he__qbkluol_ogheh]bcb

kihkh[kl\h\ZlvjZa\blbx[he__qbklhcijh^mdpbbkmq_lhf__ihegh]h

`bag_ggh]hpbdeZZlZd`_

K\h^gucAZdhghlk_gly[jy]ihhojZg_hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^uk

ihke_^gbfbihijZ\dZfb

WlhlaZdhg\]klZeh^gbfbah[t_dlh\[hevrhcaZdhgh^Zl_evghcj_nhjfu

Kf(3$klZlvy



kihkh[kl\h\Zlvi_j_jZ[hld_hloh^h\bmf_gvr_gbxijh[e_f

k\yaZgguokh[jZs_gb_fbmlbebaZpb_chloh^h\

<kl(3$ijb\_^_gi_j_q_gv\b^h\^_yl_evghklbih^iZ^Zxs_cih^

^ZggucaZdhgkfke_^mxsbcl_dklh\uc[ehd

L_dklh\uc[ehd3.1

<b^u^_yl_evghklbih^iZ^Zxsb_ih^^_ckl\b_(3$KlZlvy

KlZlvy

Ih^jZa^_e>ZggucAZdhgijbf_gy_lkyihhlghr_gbxd

1) \k_f\b^Zf^_yl_evghklbdhlhju_\ke_^kl\b_\u[jhkh\k[jhkh\l\_j^uo`b^dbo

beb]Zahh[jZaguo\_s_kl\\uimkdZfbdjhhj]Zgbafh\fh]mlgZg_klb\j_^a^hjh\vx

bebhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^_bebdhlhju_\ke_^kl\b_h[jZah\Zgbyhloh^h\fh]ml\ua\Zlv

aZ]jyag_gb_\ha^moZ\h^uihq\u]jmglh\bg_^j

2) \b[jZpbbbrmfm

3) ijh^mdpbbbeblh\ZjZfdhlhju_fh]ml\ua\ZlvaZ]jyag_gb_\j_amevlZl_k\h_]h

ijhba\h^kl\ZojZg_gbybkihevah\Zgbyi_j_\hadbbebmlbebaZpbb

4) ljZgkihjlgufkj_^kl\Zfb^jm]bfi_j_^\b`gufkj_^kl\Zfdhlhju_fh]ml\ua\Zlv

aZ]jyag_gb_ZlZd`_

5) kdhlh\h^kl\m\j_^bl_eyfb^jm]bfbklhqgbdZfdhlhju_fh]ml\ua\Zlvihy\e_gb_

\hdjm`Zxs_ckj_^_kZgblZjgh]b]b_gbq_kdboijh[e_fbebagZqbl_evguo

gZjmr_gbc

Ih^jZa^_e>ZggucAZdhglZd`_ijbf_gy_lkyihhlghr_gbxd^_yl_evghklb

k\yaZgghckhiZkgufbijhp_kkZfbbdojZg_gbx\_s_kl\khiZkgufb

oZjZdl_jbklbdZfblZdbfh[jZahfqlhij_djZs_gb_hi_jZpbckgbfbbebZ\Zjbbfh]ml

ijb\_klbdihy\e_gbxhiZkghklbaZ]jyag_gbydZdmdZaZgh\ur_\ih^jZa^_e_

(3$y\ey_lkyjZfhqgufaZdhghfdhlhjuc^he`_g^hihegylvky

ihklZgh\e_gbyfbbbgkljmdpbyfbZlZd`_\hij_^_e_gghckl_i_gb

ieZgZfb<jZfdZowlh]haZdhgZFbgbkl_jkl\hfhdjm`Zxs_ckj_^ub

wg_j]_lbdb[ueba^Zgp_eucjy^ijbdZah\bbgkljmdpbc

(3$±wlhaZdhgh[s_]hoZjZdl_jZ<kemqZyodh]^Z\hij_^_e_gghckn_j_

^_ckl\m_l[he__dhgdj_lgucaZdhglhlZdhcaZdhg^hfbgbjm_l

. EPA

jZa^_e_ggZ]eZ\uFug_[m^_fhklZgZ\eb\ZlvkygZ]eZ\Zo[he__h[s_]h

kh^_j`Zgbybihk\ys_gguoijbgm^bl_evghfmhlqm`^_gbxdhgljhexb

ijbf_g_gbxaZdhgh\ZlZd`_iheh`_gbcihih^Zq_Zi_eeypbcHibkZgb_

^Zlkdhckbkl_fuZi_eebjh\Zgbyijb\h^blky\jZa^_e_Djhf_wlbo

]eZ\dZ`^Zy]eZ\Zihk\ys_gZ\hijhkZfaZsbluhij_^_e_gguo

dhfihg_glh\kj_^ubebaZ]jyag_gbxhljZaebqguo\b^h\^_yl_evghklb

AZsblZihq\ub]jmglh\uo\h^]e>Zggu_iheh`_gby^he`gu

jZkkfZljb\Zlvky\k\yabk:dlhfhaZ]jyag_gbbihq\u=eZ\Z

gZijZ\e_gZ]eZ\gufh[jZahfgZij_^hl\jZs_gb_aZ]jyag_gbybeb

jZkijhkljZg_gb_aZ]jyag_gbyAZij_sZ_lkyk[jZku\ZlvgZihq\mex[u_

\b^uijh^mdpbbbeb\_s_kl\Zdhlhju_\uah\mlbebfh]ml\ua\Zlv

aZ]jyag_gb_ihq\ubeb]jmglh\uo\h^Dhgljhebjmxsbchj]Zg^he`_g

[ulvg_f_^e_gghhih\_s_ghkemqZyoZ\Zjbc

WlhlijbgpbigZau\Z_lky6SHFLDOLDJHQHUDOLEXVGHURJDQWl_ki_pbZevgu_

nhjfmebjh\dbqZklbqghhlf_gyxlh[sb_nhjfmebjh\db



AZsblZih\_joghklguo\h^]e=eZ\Zk\yaZgZk:dlhfh

ieZgbjh\ZgbbjZa\blbyl_jjblhjbc<k\h_fj_]bhgZevghfieZg_

jZa\blbyHdjm]^he`_gknhjfmebjh\Zlv^bj_dlb\gu_mdZaZgbybaZ^Zqb

ihdZq_kl\m\h^hlhdh\ha_jbijb[j_`guo\h^<hbkiheg_gb_(3$

fmgbpbiZebl_l^he`_gih^]hlh\blvieZgdZgZebah\Zgbyklhdh\Wlhl

ieZggZijZ\e_ggZh[_ki_q_gb_g_h[oh^bfhchkgh\u^ey\uiheg_gby

aZ^Zqj_]bhgZevgh]hieZgZAZij_sZ_lkyk[jZku\Zlvex[u_

aZ]jyagyxsb_\_s_kl\Z\ih\_joghklgu_\h^uij_^\Zjbl_evghg_

ihemqb\gZwlhjZaj_r_gbyfmgbpbiZebl_lZhdjm]Z

AZ]jyagyxsb_ij_^ijbylbyb\b^u^_yl_evghklb]eG_dhlhju_\b^u

aZ]jyagyxsboij_^ijbylbcmklZgh\hdbeb\b^h\^_yl_evghklb

\g_k_ggu_\i_j_q_gv^_yl_evghklbih^]hlh\e_gguc\hbkiheg_gb_kl

(3$g_fh]ml[ulvh[jZah\ZgubebgZqbgZlvjZ[hlm[_a

ij_^\Zjbl_evgh]hjZaj_r_gbyijbjh^hhojZgguohj]Zgh\HgblZd`_g_

fh]ml[ulvjZkrbj_gubebfh^bnbpbjh\Zgu[_aij_^\Zjbl_evgh]h

kh]eZkh\Zgby_keblZdh_jZkrbj_gb_bebfh^bnbdZpbyijb\_^_ld

m\_ebq_gbxh[t_fZaZ]jyag_gbykl<ihklZgh\e_gbbhl

hdly[jy]ijb\_^_gi_j_q_gv\b^h\^_yl_evghklb^eydhlhjuo

g_h[oh^bfhjZaj_r_gb_ijbjh^hhojZggh]hhj]ZgZ<b^u^_yl_evghklbb

ij_^ijbylby\g_k_ggu_\i_j_q_gvh[yaZguihemqblvjZaj_r_gb_

ijbjh^hhojZgguohj]Zgh\JZaj_r_gb_gZhkms_kl\e_gb_\g_k_gghc\

kibkhd^_yl_evghklbij_^hklZ\ey_lkyijbjh^hhojZggufhj]Zghf

hdjm]hfbebfmgbpbiZebl_lhfdZdmdZau\Z_lky\i_j_qg_dhlhjuc

lZd`_dhgljhebjm_lbkiheg_gb_aZdhgZklbG_dhlhju_

ijhfure_ggu_ij_^ijbylbyg_^he`guihemqZlvki_pbZevgh_

wdheh]bq_kdh_jZaj_r_gb_h^gZdhdgbfhlghkblkyiheh`_gb_h[

m\_^hfe_gbbfmgbpbiZebl_lZFmgbpbiZebl_ldhgljhebjm_l\b^u

^_yl_evghklbgZdhlhju_hdjm]hfg_\u^Z_lkywdheh]bq_kdh_

jZaj_r_gb_klHdjm]bfmgbpbiZebl_lh[yaZguijbgbfZlvf_ju

ijb\uy\e_gbbg_aZdhgguo^_ckl\bckl>_ckl\b_iheh`_gbch

a_e_guokq_lZoJUHHQDFRXQWLQJhlghkblkydijhfure_gguf

ij_^ijbylbyfy\eyxsbfkybklhqgbdZfbkbevgh]haZ]jyag_gby

Hloh^u]eFmgbpbiZebl_lhl\_qZ_laZk[hjbmlbebaZpbx

fmgbpbiZevguohloh^h\ZlZd`_aZhl\_^_gb_f_kl^eyjZaf_s_gbyb

mlbebaZpbbijhfure_gguohloh^h\FmgbpbiZebl_l^he`_g]hlh\blv

ieZgh[jZs_gbykhloh^Zfb

I_j_jZ[hldZb[he__qbklu_l_ogheh]bb]e<wlhc]eZ\_fbgbkljm

ij_^hklZ\ey_lkyijZ\hh[_ki_qb\ZlvnbgZgkbjh\Zgb_bml\_j`^Zlv

iheh`_gbygZijZ\e_ggu_gZklbfmebjh\Zgb_ijZdlbdbi_j_jZ[hldb

hloh^h\miZdh\dbbijh^mdpbbbkihevah\Zgby[he__qbkluol_ogheh]bc

b[he__rbjhdh]hbkihevah\Zgbyqbklhcijh^mdpbb\dhgl_dkl___

ihegh]h`bag_ggh]hpbdeZHgbf__lijZ\hml\_j`^Zlviheh`_gbyih

h[yaZl_evghfmbkihevah\Zgbxg_dhlhjuofZl_jbZeh\\ijhba\h^kl\_

kbkl_fZoi_j_jZ[hldbbli

:dlhieZgbjh\ZgbbjZa\blbyl_jjblhjbc

:dlhieZgbjh\ZgbbjZa\blbyl_jjblhjbc\klmibe\kbem\]

K

lh]h\j_f_gb\g_]h[ueh\g_k_ghg_kdhevdhihijZ\hdAZdhgZlZd`_

KfK\h^gucZdlhlbxgy]