Cornwall M. The Undermining of Austria-Hungary: The Battle for Hearts and Minds
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444 The Undermining of Austria-Hungary
In this process, front propaganda had only a small role to play. Yet because it
was often impossible to verify rumours, the stories about Russia's collapse,
about Lord Northcliffe's appointment or the Czechoslovak Legion, combined
to give `enemy propaganda' a mythical quality even before the war had ended.
Any reality about the phenomenon was thus quickly engulfed in a myth, a
propaganda of its own. This could then be nurtured after the war, used by
Czech nationalists or Hitler for example, to support different interpretations
of the wartime experience. It ensured that front propaganda, as a tried and
tested weapon, would be resurrected and wielded in all successive conflicts of
the twentieth century.
Notes
1. Antoni Szuber, Walka o PrzewageÎ DuchowaÎ . Kampanja Propagandowa Koalicji 1914±
1918 (Warsaw, 1933) p. ix.
2. See Steed,
Through Thirty Years, II, p. 208.
3. For example
, KA, FAst 1918, Fasz.5994, Res.89, minutes of AOK meeting to discuss
front propaganda, 26 April 1918.
4. Ludwig Windis
chgra
È
tz, Helden und Halunken. Selbsterlebte Weltgeschichte (Vienna,
Munich and Zurich, 1965) pp. 134±5.
5. Finzi, `I.T.O.',
p. 140.
6. Ibid., p.
119.
7. Cf. Aviel
Roshwald and Richard Stites (eds), European Culture in the Great War: The
Arts, Entertainment and Propaganda, 1914±1918 (Cambridge, 1999) p. 350.
8. Cf. Istva
Â
n
Dea
Â
k, Beyond Nationalism: A Social and Political History of the Habsburg
Officer Corps, 1848±1918 (Oxford and New York, 1992) p. 200.
9. See Andrej
Mitrovic
Â
, Jugoslavija na Konferenciji Mira 1919±1920 (Belgrade, 1969);
Rene
Â
Albrecht-Carrie, Italy at the Paris Peace Conference (New York, 1966 reprint).
10. Szuber, Walka
o PrzewagaÎ DuchoweÎ, p. 104.
11. BL, Northcliff
e MSS, vol.X, Add.Mss 62162, Minutes of 14th EPD Committee meet-
ing, 29
October 1918. To be precise, Steed made this claim on behalf of `Crewe
House', not `Allied propaganda'.
Appendix: Manifestos Issued by
the Padua Commission,
May±November 1918
This appendix lists all the leaflets written by the Padua Commission during its seven-
month existence which have been discovered in archives in Vienna, Budapest, Zagreb,
Prague and London. Those marked with an asterisk (
*
) have
been located only in Antoni
Szuber's work. Manifestos with more than one language in the same leaflet are indicated
thus: C/Cz; otherwise the leaflets were issued separately in different languages (with some
occasionally issued on the obverse and reverse of a single sheet). The spelling of the titles
has been left as in the original.
Language Key:
C Croat P Polish
Cz Czech
R Romanian
G German
S Serb [Cyrillic]
I Italian
Sl Slovene
M Magyar
U Ukrainian
1. Hrvati, Srbi
i Slovenci! C
2. Polacy! P
3. Unlocated
4. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
5. Unlocated
6. Ma
Ã
ne!
R
Ã
ndre
catane Roma
7. Voja
Â
ci
Rakousko-Uherska! Cz C G MPR
8. [Title unknown]*
Cz C G MPR
9. Drazi bratr
Ï
iC
Ï
echoslova
Â
ci!
Cz
10. Polacy! P
Â
C11. Krajane
Ï
echoslova
Â
ci!
Cz
12. Legionis
Â
ci
polscy! P
13. Unlocated
14. Unlocated
15. Vojõ
Â
ni
C
Ï
echoslova
Â
ci,
Pola
Â
ci . . . Cz C P R
16. Hrvati, Srbi
i Slovenci! C
17. Jugosloveni! Draga
brac
Â
o Srbi, Hrvati i Slovenci! C
18. Bitka na
zapadnom frontu! C
19. Jugoslavija (no.
1) C
20. Soldaten der
deutschen und magyarischen Nazionalita
È
t G
21. C
Ï
eskoslovenska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 1) Cz
22. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 1) R
23. Polak (no.
1) P
24. Unlocated
445
446 Appendix
25. Polacy! P
26. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
27. Bratri C
Ï
echoslova
Â
ci!
Cz
28. Polacy! P
29. Hrvati, Srbi
i Slovenci! C
30. C
Ï
echove
Â
a Slova
Â
ci! Cz
31. Polacy! P
32. Soldati
romani! R
33. Jugoslavija (no.
2) C
34. C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 2) Cz
35. Polak (no.
2) P
36. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 2) R
37. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C/P
38. Gospodarska vaz
Ï
nost
jugoslovanske deklaracije Sl
39. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
_
40. Zoønierzu Polaku! P
41. Magyar Katona
Â
k!
M
42. Legionis
Â
ci
polscy! P
_
43. Zoønierze ±
Polacy, Legionis
Â
ci! P
44. Polak (no.
3) P
45. Jugoslavija (no.
3) C
46. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 3) R
47. Unlocated
48. Bratr
Ï
i!
C
Ï
es
Ï
i!
Slova
Â
ci! Cz
49. C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 3) Cz
50. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
51. Polacy! P
52. Bratr
Ï
iC
Ï
es
Ï
i
a Slova
Â
ci! Cz
53. Polacy! P
54. Ma
Ã
ne!
R
Ã
ndre
catane roma
55. O
È
sterreichis
che Soldaten! G
56. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
57. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
58. Polacy! P
59. Polacy! P
60. Polacy! P
61. Polacy! P
62. Bracia z
Ç
oønierze! P
63. Unlocated
64. Unlocated
65. Polacy! P
66. Na
Â
rodnõ
Â
Listy rakouskou vla
Â
dou zastaveny Cz
67. Z 13.
c
ÏÂ
õsla C
Ï
eskosloven
ske
Â
Samostatnosti Cz
68. O
È
sterreichis
cher Begriff von Hochverrat G
69. Unlocated
70. O
È
sterreichis
che Soldaten! G
[71±3 Unlocated ]
74. Jugoslavija (no.
4) C
75. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 4) R
Appendix 447
76. Polak (no.
4) P
77. C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 4) Cz
78. Prehlidka c
Ï
eskosloven
ske
Â
ho vojska J.V. kra
Â
lem Cz I
79. Az olaszok
elsu
È
lyesztette
Â
kk
e
Â
t nagy . . . hadihajot GM
80. C
Ï
eskoslovens
ke
Â
vojsko uzna
Â
no anglickou vla
Â
dou Cz
81. Unutras
Ï
nje
prilike u Austriji C
82. Polacy z
pod zaboru austyackiego w opozycyi P
83. Representantii
Societtilor unguresti din America R
84. Opozycya Polako
Â
w
zaostrza przesilenie wewneÎ trzne P
85. Jugoslovenski pokret
C
86. Politia militar
nemteasc din Romania R
87. C
Ï
eskoslovens
ke
Â
vojsko na pochodu do Vladivostoku Cz
88. Ukraõ
È
n'cõ
È
!
U
89. Magyar Katona
Â
k!
Mie
Â
rt harcoltok ti? M
90. Srbi, Hrvati,
Slovenci! CSl
91. Polacy! Za
kogo walczycie? PU
92. C
Ï
echove
Â
a Slova
Â
ci, poloz
Ï
ili jste si ota
Â
zku Cz
93. Ma
Ã
ni!
R
Ã
ndri
ostasi roma
94. Ostasi
roma
Ã
ni!
R
95. Mndri ostasi
roma
Ã
ni!
R
96. Dere
Â
k
magyar katona
Â
k! . . . M
97. Klamstwa niemieck
iej prasy P
98. Talijanski demokrat
e iredentiste C/Cz/I/Sl
99. Srbi, Hrvati,
Slovenci! CCzGIMPR U
100. Nic jim neve
ÏÏ
rte! Cz
101. Njegovoj ekselenciji mars
Ï
alu Svetozaru Borojevic
Â
u C
[102±7 Unlocated ]
108. C
Ï
es
Ï
i
a Slova
Â
ci! Cz G I M P R Sl
109. Itt nyugszik Magyarorsza
Â
g M
110. Srbi, Hrvati i Slovenci! C
111. Zatõ
Â
m co na fronte
Ï
es
Ï
ti ... Cz
Ï
c
112.
Polak (no. 5) P
113. C
Ï
eskoslovens
ka
Â
Samostatnost (no. 5) Cz
114. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 5) R
115. Jugoslavija (no. 5) C
116. Dere
Â
k Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
117. Magyar honfiak-Katona
Â
k! M
118. Srbi, Hrvati i Slovenci! C
119. Srbi, Hrvati i Slovenci! C
120. Unlocated
121. Soldaten! G
122. Unlocated
123. Unlocated
124. C
Ï
es
Ï
ko-slov
ac
Ï
ki bataljon u bitci kod Fossette C/Cz/P/R
125. Nachrichten u
È
ber
den Hunger in Oesterreich-Ungarn CCzGIPR
126. Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
127. Unlocated
128. Wiener! G
129. Es ist nicht wahr G
I
448 Appendix
130. In
questo mattino d'agusto . . .
131. Necht' Va
Â
s posõ
Â
lõ
Â
na velke
Â
ho muc
Ï
ednõ
Â
ka M.Jana Husa! Cz
132. Unlocated
133. A magyar ke
Â
pviselo
È
le
È
ha
Â
zu
Â
se
M
134. Polak (no. 6) P
135. Jugoslavija (no. 6) C/S/Sl
136. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 6) R
137. C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 6) Cz
138. Polacy! P
139. C
Ï
es
Ï
i
a Slova
Â
ci! C/Cz
140. Polacy! P
141. Polacy! / Ukraõ
È
n'cõ
È
! P/U
142. Bezumne optuz
Ï
be austriske o rdjavom postupanju C/Cz/P/R
143. Gøo
Â
d w Austryi PR
144. Unlocated
145. Magyar katona
Â
k! M
146. Magyar katona
Â
k! M
147. Soldati Roma
Ã
ni!
R
148. Die erste Millionen amerikanischer Soldaten G
149. Prvi miljon amerikanskih vojakov Sl
150. Uriasele pregtiri de rzboi ale Americii R
151. Milion z
Ç
oønierzy amerykan
Â
skich
P
152. Polacy! P
153. Ukraõ
È
n'cõ
È
! U
154. Srbi, Hrvati i Slovenci! C
155. Soldaten! Die Folgen des neuen Bu
È
ndnisses
. . . G
156. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 7) R
157. Polak (no. 7) P
158. Jugoslavija (no. 7) C
159. C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 7) Cz
160. Polacy! P
161. Magyar katona
Â
k! M
162. Soldati roma
Ã
ni!
R
163. Jugosloveni! CCz
164. Ohromne
Â
va
Â
lec
Ï
ne
Â
pr
ÏÂ
õpravy vy
Â
kony Cz
165. Magyar katona
Â
k! M
166. Magyar katona
Â
k! M
167. Polacy! P
168. Jugosloveni! C
169. Kosovo! S
170. Soldaten! Zehntausende von euren Bru
È
dern
. . . G
171. Magyar hala
Â
l az olasz fronto
Â
n M
172. Magyar katona
Â
k! M
173. Jaky
Â
dojem v Rakousku vyvolalo pr
Ï
izna
Â
nõ
Â
Cz
È
lo174.
Oria
Â
si hadike
Â
szu
È
de
Â
s Amerika
Â
ban M
175. Soldati roma
Ã
ni!
R
176. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 8) R
177. Polak (no. 8) P
178. C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 8) Cz
Appendix 449
179. Jugoslavija (no.
8) C
180. Interpella
Â
cio
Â
az olasz offenziva
Â
ro
Â
l... M
181. Soldati
roma
Ã
ni! R
182. ? Soldati
roma
Ã
ni! R
183. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
184. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
185. Unlocated
186. Polacy! P
187. Polacy! Prezydent
miasta Krakowa . . . P
188. Unlocated
189.
_
Zoønierze!
P
190. Sonderfriedensgeru
È
chte und Sonderfriedenstatsachen G
191. Soldati
roma
Ã
ni! R
192. Soldati
roma
Ã
ni! R
193. Jak Niemcy
przes
Â
ladujaÎ lud polski P
194. Polacy! Wiecie,
z
Ç
e wasi bracia z Brazylji . . . * P
195. Polacy! P
196. Unlocated
197. Va
Â
lka
a Hlad Cz M P R
198. Polacy! P
199. Uslovi mira
Sila Sporazuma CCzGIMPR U
200. Polacy! P
201. Polacy! P
202. Denkt u
È
ber folgende drei tatsachen nach . . . G
203. Jugoslavija C/Sl
204. Polacy! P
205. Polacy! P
206. Soldati
Roma
Ã
ni! R
207. Polak (no.
9) P
208. Jugoslavija (no.
9) C/Sl
209. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 9) R
210. C
Ï
eskoslovenska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 9) Cz
211. Polacy! P
212. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
213. Soldati
roma
Ã
ni! R
214. C
Ï
es
Ï
i a Slova
Â
ci! Cz
215. Magyar Katona
Â
k!
M
216. Magyar Katona
Â
k!
M
217. Polacy! P
218. Bracia Polacy
z Galicyi! P
219. Soldaten! Der
deutsche Staatssekreta
È
r... G
220. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
221. Polacy! P
222. Polacy! P
223. Slovenci, Hrvati
in Srbi! Sl
224.
Krajane
Â
, bratr
Ï
i! Cz
225. Jugosloveni! C
226. Soldati
roma
Ã
ni! R
227. Soldati
Roma
Ã
ni! R
450 Appendix
228. wer
ist diese ha
È
ssliche und schmutzige Hexe G
229. Bratr
Ï
iC
Ï
es
Ï
i
a Slova
Â
ci! Cz
230. Unlocated
231. Zoønierze Polacy! P
232. Bezumne optuz
Ï
be austriske o rdjavom postupanju C/Cz/P/R
233. Unlocated
234. Magyar Katona
Â
k! GM
235. Jugoslavija (no. 10) C/Sl
236. Polak (no. 10) P
237. C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 10) Cz
238. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 10) R
239. Zhovnõ
È
ri-Ukraõ
È
n'skii Narode! U
240. Polacy! P
241. Gro
Â
f Tisza
Â
ro
Â
l van szo
Â
!
M
242. Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
243. Bratr
Ï
i! Bratr
Ï
i! Cz
244. Zoønierze ± Ludu Polski! P
_
_
245. Zoønierze
± Polacy! Powiedzcie, dlaczego? P
246. Polacy!
P
247. Soldati Roma
Ã
ni!
R
248. [Serb leaflet]* S
249. Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
250. Szege
Â
ny lelkivaksa
Â
ggal megvert magyarok! M
251. Ojciec S
Â
wieÎ ty dla Polski P
252. Soldaten, die ihr fu
È
r
Deutschland . . . ka
È
mpft GMR
253. Unlocated
254. Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
255. Magyar katona
Â
k! M
256. Unlocated
257. C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 11) Cz
258. Jugoslavija (no. 11) C/Sl
259. Polak (no. 11) P
260. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 11) R
261. Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
262. Polacy! P
263. Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
264. Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
265. Modlitwa ucis
Â
nionych synow Polski P
266. Unlocated
267. Srbi, Hrvati i Slovenci! C
268. Unlocated
269. Was alles Amerika beitra
È
gt
GI PU
270. Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
271. Unlocated
272. Polacy! P
273. Polak (no. 12) P
274. C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 12) Cz
275. Jugoslavija (no. 12) C/Sl
276. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 12) R
Appendix 451
277. Soldati
roma
Ã
ni! R
278. Austria-Magyarorsa
Â
g
Katona
Â
i! M
279. Polacy *
P
280. Co czyni
Ameryka dla P
281. Polacy! P
282. Magyar Katona
Â
k!
M
283. Polacy! P
284. Unlocated
285. `Delenda Austria!'
Cz G I M P U
286. O
È
sterreichisch-ungarische Soldaten! GCz M PRSl
287. Soldati
roma
Ã
ni! R
288. Magyar Katona
Â
k!
M
289. C
Ï
eskoslovenska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 13) Cz
290. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 13) R
291. Jugoslavija (no.
13) C/Sl
292. Polak (no.
13) P
293. Polacy! P
294. Polacy! P
295. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
296. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
297. Va
Â
lec
Ï
ne
Â
cõ
Â
le rakousky
Â
ch Ne
Ï
mcu
Ê
Cz
298. Unlocated
299. Unlocated
300. Vzes
Ï
ly
Â
jiz
Ï
dnove
Â
odplaty stras
Ï
ne
Â
... Cz
301. ? Magyar
Katona
Â
k! M
302. Magyar Katona
Â
k!
M
303. Magyar Katona
Â
k!
M
304. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
305. Soldati
Roma
Ã
ni! R
306. Unlocated
307.
_
Zoønierze
Polacy! P
308. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
309. Jugoslavija (no.
14) C/Sl
310. Polak (no.
14) P
311. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 14) R
312. C
Ï
eskoslovenska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 14) Cz
313. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! C
314. Slovenci, Hrvati
in Srbi! Sl
315. Srbi, Hrvati
i Slovenci! CGIMR
316. Unlocated
317. Soldaten! Das
Lied klingt aus G
318. Slovenci, Hrvati
in Srbi! Sl
319.
_
Zoønierze-P
olacy! PU
320. Magyar Katona
Â
k!
M
321. Unlocated
322.
_
Zoønierze-P
olacy! P
323.
Glad CCz
324. C
Ï
es
Ï
i a Slova
Â
ci! Cz
325. ? Jugoslavija
(no. 15) C/Sl
452 Appendix
326.
327.
328.
329.
330.
331.
332.
[333±5
336.
337.
338.
339.
340.
341.
342.
343.
344.
345.
? Polak
(no. 15) P
? C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 15)
? Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 15)
Unlocated
Graphischer Aufriss
der grossen Entent-Offensive
Vojnici Austro-Ugarske
Miliardy, Miliardy . . . *
Unlocated ]
Zapadni front. Pregledna karta bitke u Flandriji
Unlocated
Polacy!
[Czech
leaflet]*
Unlocated
C
Ï
echove
Â
a Slova
Â
ci!
? Jugoslavija (no. 16)
? Polak (no. 16)
? C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 16)
? Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 16)
Cz
R
CGM
CGMP
P
CCzR
P
Cz
Cz I
P R
C/Sl
P
Cz
R
M
G
Cz
Cz G
GP
C/Sl
P
Cz
R
M
P
[346±51 Unlocated
]
352. Magyarok!
353. Ludendorff und Wilson
354. Voja
Â
ci rakousko-uhers
Ï
tõ
Â
!
[355±9 Unlocated ]
360.
361.
362.
363.
364.
365.
366.
367.
368.
369.
370.
Vite
Ï
zstvõ
Â
Spojencu
Ê
u Saint Mihiel
4 Millionen Amerikaner
Jugoslavija (no. 17)
Polak (no. 17)
C
Ï
eskoslovenska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 17)
Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 17)
Magyar Katona
Â
k!
Polacy!*
Lloyd George
o vy
Â
konech c
Ï
eskoslovenske
Â
ho vojska* Cz
Unlocated
Austria-Magiarorsza
Â
gha
Â
boru-adossa
Â
gai M
[371±4 Unlocated
]
375. Srbi, Hrvati i Slovenci C
376. Take
Â
Japonsko uzna
Â
va
Â
samostatnost Cz
[377±9 Unlocated ]
380. Polacy! Waz
Ç
ne os
Â
wiadczenia w sprawie polskiej* P
381. ? Jugoslavija (no. 18) C/Sl
382. ? Polak (no. 18) P
383. ? C
Ï
eskosloven
ska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 18) Cz
384. ? Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 18) R
385. Hodina mõ
Â
ru dosud neuder
Ï
ila Cz
386. Polacy* P
[387±9 Unlocated ]
390a. Soldati Roma
Ã
ni!
R
390b. Soldati Roma
Ã
ni!
R
391a. Slovenci, Hrvati in Srbi! Sl
Appendix 453
391b. Slovenci,
Hrvati in Srbi! Sl
[392±5 Unlocated ]
396. Srbi, Hrvati i Slovenci CSSl
397. Unlocated
398. Unlocated
399. Bugarska kapitulacija C
400. Soldati Roma
Ã
ni!
R
401. Turecka
Â
fronta v Palestyne
Ï
Cz
402. Nove
Â
pora
Â
z
Ï
ky ne
Ï
mecke
Â
ve Francii Cz
403. MieÎ knie i rozsypuje sieÎ w drazgi centralny blok* P
404. Bulharsko pr
Ï
ijalo podmõ
Â
nky Dohody Cz
405. Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
406. Soldati Roma
Ã
ni!
R
407. Unlocated
408. Polak (no. 19) P
409. C
Ï
eskoslovenska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 19) Cz
410. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 19) R
411. Jugoslavija (no. 19) C/S/Sl
[412±7 Unlocated ]
418. Soldaten! G
419. Unlocated
420. Poselstvõ
Â
prof. Masaryka c
Ï
eskoslovenske
Â
mu vojsku Cz
421. Unlocated
422. Az Antant gyo
Â
Â
zelmei
Szakadatlanul folytatod . . . M
423. Deutsches Volk! Die zwo
424. Magyar
Katona
Â
k!
425. Jugoslavija (no. 20)
426. Polak (no. 20)
427. C
È
lfte
Stunde schla
È
gt! G
M
C/Sl
P
Ï
eskoslovenska
Â
Samostatnost (no. 20) Cz
428. Neamul Roma
Ã
nesc
(no. 20) R
429. Unlocated
430. Unlocated
431. KRIEG ODER FRIEDEN? Cz G R
432. Unlocated
433. Unlocated
434. `Den Besiegten muss man nur die Augen lassen...' G
435. Unlocated
436. O
È
sterreichisch-
ungarische Soldaten! G
[437±8 Unlocated ]
439. Srbi, Hrvati i Slovenci!* S
[440±53 Unlocated ]
454. Magyar Katona
Â
k! M
455. Soldaten! GR
[456±85 Unlocated ]
486. Trpe
Ï
ti
a umõ
Â
rati! Proc
Ï
? Cz
487. O
È
sterreichisch-
ungarische Soldaten! G
[488±91 Unlocated ]
492. Das Ende! G