Colin Mark. The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Гэльско-английский словарь

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eile mu cheud meatair air thoiseach

orm I noticed that there was another

man about about a hundred metres

ahead of me

□

tha e fada air thoiseach

air rud sam bith eile it’s far ahead of

anything else

□

tha e a-nis leis an

dream ghràidh a tha air dol dhachaigh

air thoiseach oirnn he is now with the

beloved people who have gone on

ahead of us i.e. who have died

air toiseach adv ﬁrst

□

thàinig esan air

toiseach he arrived ﬁrst

□

faigh air

toiseach air forestall

toiseach-catha nm battlefront

started on the job when they showed up

□

thòisich iad air cuid den t-sluagh a bhual-

adh is a mharbhadh they began to they

began to smite and kill some of the people

(Dwelly)

□

thòisich iad air na feusgain

a bhuain they began to gather the mussels

tòisichear, -eir, -ean nm beginner

□

freagarrach do thòisichearan suitable for

beginners

toit, -e nf reek, smoke, steam

□

cuir toit

dhe reek, smoke (emit smoke)

□

cha tig às

a’ phoit ach an toit a bhitheas innte noth-

ing comes out of the pot but the smoke

that’s in it

toit, -e, -ean nf small temporary rick (Uist)

□

bha a’ chlann a’ cluich falach-fead

a-measg nan toitean the children were

playing hide-and-seek among the ricks

toiteag, -eige, -an nf

□

same as toitean

toitean, -ein, -an nm cigarette, ‘fag’

toitreachadh, -aidh nm & vn of toitrich-

fumigating, fumigation

toitrich, -eachadh v fumigate

tòlair, -ean nm beagle, foxhound

□

bheir e

leis a’ chreig thu mar a thug an sionnach

na tòlairean he will lead you over the

precipice as the fox did the hounds (exam-

ple from Dwelly)

tolg, tuilg, -an nm hollow, dent

□

see tulg

toll, tuill, tuill / -an nm hold (of ship), hole,

pit, puncture, (pit) shaft, socket

□

toll lorg

bore hole

□

dèan toll bore, knock a hole

□

cuir tuill ann perforate

□

bha toll làimhe

air fhàgail air a’ chliathaich there was

a hand hole left in (lit. on) the side

□

bha

toll air there was a hole in it

□

is uaisle toll

na tuthag ach ’s fheàrr tuthag na toll

a hole is more genteel than a patch but

a patch is better than a hole (proverb)

toll, -adh v bore, broach (barrel etc.), hole,

perforate, pierce, puncture

□

tholl tarag an

taidhr a nail punctured the tyre

□

bha an

t-acras gam tholladh I was feeling the

pangs of hunger

□

bha iad gan tolladh leis

an acras they were famished, ravenous etc.

toll-analach nm blowhole (of a whale)

t.-dubh nm dungeon t.-guail nm coalpit,

coalmine

□

bha e ag obair anns na

tuill-ghuail he was working in the pits

t.-iuchrach nm keyhole

□

chuir e an

iuchair anns an toll-iuchrach he put the

key in the keyhole

tolladair, -ean nm drill (tool), punch (tool)

tolladh, -aidh, -aidhean nm & vn of toll

piercing etc., perforation, puncture

tolltach, -aiche a holed, full of holes

tolm, tuilm, -an nm hillock, knoll

tòiseachadh 592

tòiseachadh, -aidh nm & vn of tòisich

beginning, commencement

□

chan e

tha seo ach toiseach tòiseachaidh this is

just the very beginning (lit. is not but

a beginning of beginning)

□

’s e obair

latha tòiseachadh it’s a day’s work getting

started – or – obair latha – tòiseachadh

a day’s work – getting started (proverb)

□

and also: cha leasachadh air droch obair

latha a bhith fada gun tòiseachadh it is no

improvement on a bad day’s work to be

late in starting (proverb)

tòiseachail a incipient, preliminary

toiseachd, -an nf priority

toisich a fore, front

□

an roth thoisich the

front wheel

□

bha clann air an t-sreath

thoisich children were on the front line

□

tha iad a’gabhail an àite thoisich they are

in the vanguard (lit. taking the front posi-

tion)

□

a’chas thoisich the foreleg

□

crann

toisich foremast

tòisich, -eachadh v begin, commence,

inaugurate, launch (an enterprise etc.),

originate, start

□

tòisich as ùr resume

□

…

a tha a’ tòiseachadh incipient

□

’s dòcha

gur e rud beag a thòisich an teine perhaps

it was a small thing which started the

ﬁre

□

may be accompanied by air⫹ vn,

ri ⫹ vn or simply by the vn used as an inf

or a pres part thus: thòisich e air seinn /

thòisich e ri seinn / thòisich e a’seinn may

all be used in different areas for ‘he started

to sing / he started singing’, though the usage

with air seems to be most common

□

…

nuair a thòisichear air do chàineadh …

when you begin to be reviled

□

note the

verb may also be followed by air and

a noun: cha mhòr gun do thòisich mi air

an obair nuair a nochd iad I had hardly

tolman, -ain, -ain nm hillock, knoll

tom, tuim, toman(nan) nm clump, heap,

hillock, knoll, mound

□

shuidh iad am fas-

gadh tuim they sat down in the shelter of a

knoll

□

tom fraoich a clump of heather

tom-gainmhich nm sand dune

tomad, -aid, -an nm bulk, mass, quantity

tomadach, -aiche a ample, big, bulky, large,

lumpish, massive, substantial, weighty

□

chan eil na h-adhbharan tomadach

gu leòr the reasons aren’t substantial

enough

□

bha am poca ro thomadach the

sack was too bulky

tomaltach, -aiche a brawny

tomàto, -othan nm tomato

tombaca nm tobacco

tomh, -adh v point, direct (something)

towards, aim (something) at, present

(arms) (⫹ air / ri ⫽ at, to)

□

… agus a’

tomhadh a chorraig, thuirt e … … and,

pointing his ﬁnger, he said …

□

thomh e

air an duine he pointed to (lit. on) the

man

□

thomh e a’ phrosbaig air an luing

choimhich he directed the telescope

towards the strange ship

tomhais, tomhas v calculate, gauge, guess,

measure, survey, weigh

□

tomhais (doimh-

neachd) fathom, sound (take depth)

□

tomhais tìm time v

□

tomhaisidh mi an làr

dhut I’ll measure the ﬂoor for you

□

feu-

maidh sinn uilinn a’thilgidh a thomhas we

must calculate the angle of trajectory

□

thomhais e na siùcairean is chuir e iad

ann am poca he weighed the sweets and

put them in a bag

□

tomhais dè thachair!

guess what happened!

□

cha tomhais sibh

dè rinn e you won’t guess what he did

ghnìomh ann there is no small measure

of action in it

□

chì sibh (ann) an

tomhas air choreigin am piseach a tha

air tighinn orra you will see in some

measure or other the success that they

have had (lit. that has come upon

them)

□

chosg iad tomhas dhe an cuid

airgid fhèin they spent some / a pro-

portion of their own money

□

… na

toimhsean a rèir a bheil sinn a’ meas

a chuid saoithreach…the standards

by which we judge his work

□

chithear

toimhsean mar seo nan adhartas

nàdarra measures like this will be seen

as a natural progress

□

the pl may also

mean ‘faculties’, ‘mental judgement’

□

a rèir ar toimhsean-ne according to

our faculties

□

bha seo f ìor a thaobh

Chaluim ann an tomhas mòr this was

true of Calum to a high degree

gabh tomhas is used in a number

of constructions

□

… a ghabhas

tomhas measurable

□

bha againn ri

toimhsean a ghabhail we had to take

measurements

dèan tomhas air gauge

□

agus

bheireadh sin cothrom dhaibh tomhas

nas buadhmhoire a dhèanamh air an

adhartas and this would allow them to

gauge more effectively their progress

tomhas-ìre nm grade (educ.) t.-lìon-

aidh nm capacity, volume t.-uisge nm

rain gauge

593 topag

tomhas, -ais, toimhsean nm & vn of

tomhais calculating etc., calculation,

dimension, dose, gauge, guess, mean,

measure, measurement, mensuration,

scale (of measurement), size, standard,

survey

□

tomhas lèigh scruple

□

tomhas trì-cheàrnach trigonometry

□

gun tomhas inﬁnite

□

thar tomhais

beyond measure

□

… ann an tomhas

co-dhiu…in some measure at any rate

□

chan eil an teagamh as lugha nach do

chuidich iad (ann) an tomhas mòr ann

a bhith … there isn’t the slightest

doubt that they helped in a large meas-

ure in being …

□

tha dùil aca ri tomhas

de fhaochadh they expect a measure of

relief

□

tha tomhas nach gann de

tòn, -òine, -an nf backside, buttock

tòna, -achan nf tone

tònail a tonal

tonn, tuinn, tuinn / tonnan nm / f ( fem gen

is tuinne) billow, wave (sea / scientiﬁc)

□

tonn teasa heat-wave

□

bha tonn an dèidh

tuinn a’bualadh air a’chladach wave after

wave was striking (upon) the beach

□

bha

am bàta beag a’ gleac an aghaidh nan

tonn the little boat was struggling against

the waves

tonn-adhair nm airwave tonn fuaime nm

sound wave t.-luasgadh nm undulation

t.-taomaidh nm tidal wave t.-tillidh nm

backwash

tonna, -achan nf

□

see tunna

tonnach, -aiche a wavy

tonnag, -aige, -an nf cape (clothing)

tonsail, -e, -ean nf tonsil

topag, -aige, -an nf lark (bird) (also uiseag)

topan, -ain, -ain nm crest, tuft

□

le topan

leathrach donn with a brown leather tuft

topanach crested (bird), tufted

tora, -achan nm auger, wimble

torach, -aiche a fertile, fruitful, produc-

tive

□

dèan / fàs torach fructify (trans /

intrans respectively)

□

gleanntan leathann

torach wide, fertile valleys

torachadh, -aidh nm & vn of toraich

fertilizing, fertilization

tòrachd nf pursuit, chase

torachas, -ais nm fertility

toradh, -aidh, -aidhean nm consequence,

effect, fruit(s) (end product), growth,

issue, output, proceeds, produce, product,

production, result(s), yield

□

mar thoradh

air a’ cho-dhùnadh seo … as a conse-

quence of this decision …

□

chan fhaca e

toradh a shaothrach he did not see the

fruits of his labour

□

… ach a bharrachd

air na toraidhean neo-chòrdail sin… …

but in addition to these discordant effects…

□

a thoradh because conj

□

tha seo gu

h-àraid annasach a thoradh gur e Sasannach

a th’ann this is particularly unusual

because he is an Englishman

□

bha e ain-

meil a thoradh mar a thachair he was

famous because of what had happened

toraich, -achadh v

□

see torraich

Tòraidh, -ean nm Conservative, Tory

Tòraidh a Conservative, Tory

toran, -ain, -ain nm loop-hole

torc, tuirc, tuirc nm boar

tormachan-tuinne nm rock pippet

torman, -ain nm wild clary, vervain sage

torman, -ain nm drone, murmur

□

dèan

torman hum, murmur

□

chuala mi torman

na h-aibhne I heard the murmur of the

river

tornàdo, -othan nm tornado

tòrr, -a, -an nm 1. heap, mass (great quan-

tity), mound, tip (coal-tip etc.)

□

cha robh

air fhàgail ach tòrr ìosal dubh there was

nothing left but a low, black mound

□

bha

a’ chlann a’ cluich air tòrr connlaich the

children were playing on a heap of straw

2. a lot, much

□

bha e tòrr na b’inntin-

niche na càch he was far / much more

interesting than the others

□

tha tòrr dhio-

faran ann there are a lot / many differences

[in it]

□

tòrr mòr a great deal

tòrr, -adh v 1. heap up, pile up, hoard

□

a’

tòrradh airgid hoarding money 2. teem

□

bha fhalt air a thòrradh le miallan his hair

was teeming with lice (lit. was heaped

with etc.) 3. bury

tòrr-guail nm coal-tip

torrach, -aiche a fecund, fertile, big (with

child), pregnant, proliﬁc

□

talamh torrach

rich soil

□

fàs torrach conceive (see also

torach)

torrachadh, -aidh nm & vn of torraich

fertilizing, impregnation

torrachas, -ais nm fertility, gestation

tòrradh, -aidh, -aidhean nm & vn of tòrr

burying etc., funeral, burial

□

rinn iad an

t-ullachadh àbhaisteach airson an tòr-

raidh they made the usual preparations for

the funeral

torraich, -achadh v fertilize

torrann, -ain, -an nm peal, thunder (loud

noise)

□

cha b’urrainn dhomh nì a chluin-

ntinn ach torrann an easa I could hear

nothing but the thunder of the waterfall

torrann-sgòth nf thundercloud

torrannach, -aiche a thunderous

□

eas

torrannach a thunderous waterfall

tosg, tuisg / toisg, tuisg / -an nm tusk

tosgair(e), -ean nm ambassador, envoy

tosgaireachd nf embassy

tost, toist nm toast (toasted bread)

tost nm indec quiet, quietness, rest (pause),

silence, stillness

□

tost! quiet!, silence!

interj

□

bi nad thost be quiet (lit. be in

your quietness etc.)

□

bha i na tost mion-

aid she was quiet for a minute

□

… nuair

a bhiodh na deisciopail nan tost … when

the disciples were (used to be) quiet

tostach, -aiche a dumb, mute, peaceful,

quiescent, quiet, silent, reticent, taciturn

tostachd nf dumbness, muteness, quiet-

ness, peacefulness, silence

□

tha e a-nis

air tostachd cheithir bliadhna a thoirt gu

ceann he has now ended four years’silence

tostachadh, -aidh nm & vn of tostaich

hushing

tostaich, -achadh v hush

tostaigeadh, -idh nm & vn of tostaig,

toasting

trabhaic / trabhaig nf

□

see trafaig

tràchd, -an nf dissertation, tract

tràchdas, -ais, -an nm memoir, thesis, treatise

tractar, -oir, -an nm tractor

tradisean, -ein, -an nm tradition

tradiseanta a traditional

□

gu tradiseanta

traditionally

trafaig, -e nf trafﬁc

□

solais na trafaig traf-

ﬁc lights

tràghadh, -aidh nm & vn of tràigh ebbing,

draining etc., ebb

□

tha e cho cinnteach ri

tràghadh is lìonadh na mara it is as sure

as the ebb and ﬂow of the sea

□

thàinig

seòrsa de thràghadh spioradail orra a sort

of spiritual ebb affected them

topan 594

traidiseanta traditional

□

see tradiseanta

tràigh, -e / tràgha / tràghad, tràighean nf

beach, seabeach, shore, strand air an tràigh

on the beach

tràigh, -eadh v ebb, subside

tràigh-cheum, tràigh-cheuma, tràigh-

cheumannan nm beach path, shore path

tràigheadh, -idh nm & vn of tràigh

subsiding etc., subsidence

tràill,(-e), -ean nm/f addict, drudge, slave,

thrall

tràilleachd nf

□

see tràillealachd

tràillealachd nf addiction, drudgery,

enslavement, servility, servitude, slavery

tràilleil a servile, slavish

tràilleachadh, -aidh nm & vn of tràillich

enslaving

tràillich, -eachadh v. enslave

traingead, -eid nm busyness

□

traingead

nan sràidean the busyness of the

streets

trainnse, trainnsichean / trainnseachan

nf trench

□

anns na trainnsichean in the

trenches (of World War 1)

traisg, trasgadh v fast

tràlair, -ean nm trawler

trama, -aichean nm tram

tramasgal, -ail nm

□

see treamsgal

trang, trainge a busy

□

bha e trang aig a

leasanan he was busy at his lessons

□

port as trainge air an t-saoghal the busiest

port in the world

□

is ann an sin bu trainge

(a) bhiodh iad it was then they would be

busiest / be at their busiest

trannsa, -achan nf aisle, corridor, lobby,

passage

traogh, traoghadh v dessicate, drain, dry

up (of a well etc.) ebb, exhaust, subside

□

thraogh an fhuil às aodann the blood

drained from his face

□

thraogh e a’

ghlainne he drained the glass

□

bha an

fhuil air traoghadh às aodann the blood

had drained from his face

□

thraogh

tobraichean a’bhaile the town wells dried

□

Note also: tha a’ phoit air traoghadh

the pot has boiled dry

traoghadh, -aidh nm & vn of traogh drain-

ing etc., exhaustion

□

chan eil tuil air nach

tig traoghadh there isn’t a ﬂood which will

not subside

Traoidheanach a Trojan

□

an t-each

Traoidheanach the Trojan horse

□

Cogadh Traoidheanach the Trojan War

Traoidheanach, -aich, -aich nm Trojan

traoit, -ean nm treat

□

bha traoit againn aig

deireadh an latha we had a treat at the end

of the day

traon, traoin, traoin nm landrail,

corncrake

□

also trean-ri-trean

traon-breac nm spotted crake

tras-cheasnaich v heckle

trasg, traisg nf fast

□

là na traisg fast-day

trasgadh, -aidh nm & vn of traisg

fasting, fast

trasnadh, -aidh nm transit

trasnan, -ain, -an nm crossbeam

trast a diagonal – as an adv⫽ across,

athwart, crosswise, diagonally, traverse

trast-dhealbh nm/f tracing (drawing)

trast-thomhas nm diameter

trastach a transitional

trastan, -ain, -an nm diagonal

trastanach a diagonal

□

bidh am pìos seo

a’ gluasad gu trastanach this piece moves

diagonally

trat, -a, -an nm trait

□

… a tha air leth

sgileil air tratan is annasan a cho-luchd

dùthcha a chur an cèill … who is particu-

larly skilful at expressing the traits and

peculiarities of his fellow countrymen

595 trat

tràth, tràithe a early, soon

□

… anns na

bliadhnachan tràtha sin … in those

early years

□

tràth agus gun robh e…

early as it was…

□

frequently used as

an adv, but note that gu is not emplo-

yed

□

dh’èirich e tràth an-diugh he rose

early today

□

dh’èirich e tràth / glè

thràth an ath mhadainn he rose early /

very early the next morning

□

bha e air

a chois glè thràth sa mhadainn he was

up very early in the morning

□

chan eil

e comasach dhomh cho tràth seo an

dèidh toiseach na h-obrach beachd

a thoirt air na cùisean seo it’s not pos-

sible for me, so early / soon after the

commencement of the work, to pass an

opinion on these matters

The comp form is frequently used

□

bu tràithe air an linn seo earlier this

century

□

chaochail e na bu tràithe

dhen bhliadhna seo he died earlier this

year

□

but note also: na bu tràithe dhen

bhliadhna earlier in (lit. of) the year

(after a verb in the past tense)

□

…

caran na bu tràithe na bha iad an dùil…

somewhat earlier than they (had)

expected

□

nas tràithe is nas tràithe

earlier and earlier (after a verb in the

present tense)

□

chaidh iad an sin na

bu tràithe air a’ bhliadhna they went

there earlier in the year

mu thràth adv already

□

… a tha anns

an eilean mu thràth … which are

already on (lit. in) the island

□

thuirt e

gun robh iad air ceumannan a ghab-

hail mu thràth he said they had already

taken steps

tràth, tràith, -an nm 1. season, tense,

time

□

tràth bidhe meal (meal-time)

□

tràth cadail bedtime

□

tràth dìn-

neireach dinnertime

□

tràth suipear-

ach suppertime

□

aig tràth-suipearach

at suppertime

□

an tràth làthaireach

present tense

□

an tràth teachdail

future tense

□

an tràth coileanta per-

fect tense

□

an tràth caithte past tense

□

an tràth cumhach conditional tense

□

an tràth neo-choileanta imperfect

tense 2. ‘diet’ (sufﬁcient for one meal)

meal, mealtime

□

bha a bhiadh ga

thoirt thuige a h-uile tràth his food

was brought to him every mealtime

□

thug e dhaibh càl air gach tràth he

gave them them kale at every meal

□

tràth bhuntàta a ‘diet’ of potatoes

tràth-nòin nm afternoon

moveables, outﬁt 2. (in Lewis) a good

deal, a fair amount

treamsgal, -ail nm balderdash, litter, slag,

spoil (from a mine / pit etc.)

□

tòrran mòra

de thramasgal great heaps of spoil

□

dèan

treamsgal litter (v)

trèan, -adh v train

trèan(a), -aichean nf train (railway train)

□

trèan bathair goods train

□

air an trèan(a)

by train chaidh sinn air an trèan we went

by train

trean-bàta nf boat train

trean-ri-trean nm corncrake, landrail

trèanadh, -aidh nm & vn of trèan training

□

trèanadh le cuideaman weight training

treas a third

□

treas cuid a third

□

an treas

cuid the third part

□

anns an treas àite

thirdly

□

an treas oidhche the night after

tomorrow night

treas-deug a thirteenth t.-tarraing nf

distillation

trèat, -an nm see traoit

treibhdhireach, -iche a faithful, loyal, sin-

cere

□

bha e treibhdhireach gu leòr he was

sincere enough

treibhdhireas, -eis nm faithfulness,

integrity, loyalty, probity, sincerity

□

tha

mi cinnteach às a threibhdhireas I am

certain of his sincerity

trèicil nm treacle

trèig, trèigsinn (sometimes trèigeadh) v

abandon, desert, forego, forsake, leave,

quit, relinquish, repudiate

□

trèig

(leannan) jilt

trèigeadh, -idh nm & vn of trèig abandon-

ing etc., renunciation

trèigear, -eir, -an nm renegade

trèigsinn nm & vn of trèig abandoning etc.,

desertion

trèigte pp abandoned, derelict, desolate

(persons), forsaken, left

trèilear, -eir, -an nm trailer

trèine nf strength, vigour

□

trèine (a neart)

prime

trèineadh, -idh nm training

trèinidh a training

□

ag ullachadh phrò-

graman trèinidh preparing training pro-

grammes

treis nf

□

same as greis

treise nf bodily strength, vigour

□

nuair a

bha e aig àird a threise when he was in his

heyday

trèithe, -ean nf trait

treòir, -e nf 1. energy, power, strength,

vigour

□

bha e a’gluasad fo a threòir fhèin

it was moving under its own power

□

làn càil agus treòir full of strength and

tràthail 596

tràthail a opportune, punctual, seasonable,

timely

tre prep ⫹ dat ⫹ len

□

same as tro / troimh

through

□

… a choisinn e tre a bhàs …

which he won through his death

□

tre

neach eile vicarious

□

caillear comhar-

raidhean tre dhroch litreachadh marks

will be lost through bad spelling

tre-shoillseach a translucent t.-rèidid-

heachadh nm irradiation

treabh, -adh v plough, till

□

am fear

nach treabh ri latha fuar, cha bhuain e ri

latha teth the man who will not plough on

a cold day will not reap on a hot day

(proverb)

treabhadh, -aidh nm & vn of treabh

ploughing, tillage

□

’s e farmad a nì treab-

hadh it is envy which gets ploughing done

i.e. people are spurred on by others’ suc-

cess (proverb)

treabhaiche, -ean nm husbandman,

ploughman, tiller (of soil)

treabhailt, -ean nf hopper

treabhta pp ploughed, tilled

trealaich, -e, -ean or treallaich, -ean nf

1. accessory (item), kit, lumber, luggage,

paraphernalia, trash

□

treallaichean pl

also ⫽ baggage, kit (dress etc.), luggage,

vigour

□

thug e leis ar treòir it took away our

vigour 2. direction, guidance

□

…ach chan

fhaigh sinn treòir a thaobh ciamar a bhios

seo air a dhèanamh…but we do not receive

guidance regarding how this will be done

treòireach, -iche a 1. instructive 2. vigorous

treòireachail a inductive

treòrachadh, -aidh nm & vn of treòraich

guiding etc., guidance

□

tha treòrachadh

air a thoirt seachad do luchd teagaisg

guidance has been given to teachers

□

…

a bheireadh treòrachadh dhaibh… which

would give them guidance

treòraich, -achadh v conduct, guide, inﬂu-

ence, lead, pilot, steer

□

bha an seòmar far

an robh e air a threòrachadh glè bheag the

room to which he was conducted was very

small

□

threòraich e i gu far an robh na

caileagan eile he led her to where the

other girls were

□

chaidh ar treòrachadh

le duine mòr ruadh we were guided by

a large red-headed man

treòraiche, -ean nm guide, regulator

treubh, -a, -an nf tribe

□

ghlac iad bànrigh

na treubha seo they captured the queen of

this tribe

treubh, -adh v

□

see treabh

treubhach, -aiche a brave, valiant, valor-

ous

□

bha e dìleas treubhach he was faith-

ful and brave

□

bha duais air a toirt dhi

airson a’ ghnìomh threubhaich a rinn i

a reward was given to her for the brave

deed [that] she performed

treubhaiche, -ean nm

□

see treabhaiche

treubhantas, -ais nm bravery, valour, hero-

ism

□

choisinn a treubhantas cliù dhi

her heroism earned her renown

treud, -a / trèid, -an nm ﬂock

□

treud

chaorach a ﬂock of sheep

treun, trèine / treasa a potent, strong

□

a dhà làimh thrèin with his two strong

hands

□

tha iad de na daoine as trèine (a)

tha anns an dùthaich they are some of the

strongest men in the land (see de)

treun nf strength, acme (of strength)

□

usu-

ally only in the expression ann an treun a

neirt at the acme of his strength, in the

fullness of his strength (see also trèine nf )

treuntas, -ais nm prowess, resource

treun-ri-treun nm

□

see trean-ri-trean

tha (a) trì how many trees are there?

there are three

trì no ceithir ‘three or four’ is followed

by de and a noun

□

bithidh ugh aice ann

an trì no ceithir de nid she (the cuckoo)

will have an egg in three or four [of]

nests

□

a h-uile mios bithidh sinn a’

faighinn tri no ceithir de litrichean

every month we [will] receive three or

four letters

□

bha iad nan seasamh tri

no ceithir a lathaichean they were

standing three or four days (where a is

an abbr form of de)

a trì deug thirteen (when unaccompa-

nied by a noun)

□

co mheud each a tha

ann? tha a trì deug. how many horses

are there? thirteen / there are thirteen

trì—deug thirteen (when accompanied

by noun)

□

co mheud each a tha ann?

tha trì eich dheug. how many horses

are there? there are thirteen horses

□

co mheud craobh a tha ann? tha trì

craobhan deug how many trees are

there? there are thirteen trees

□

for len

or lack of it on deug see App. 11

trì ﬁchead sixty, threescore

□

trì ﬁchead

saighdear sixty soldiers

□

trì ﬁchead ’s

a deich seventy

□

na trì ﬁcheadan the

sixties

□

an fheadhainn a chaidh àrach

anns na trì ﬁcheadan those who were

brought up in the sixties

trì-

trì-bhileach nf 1. valerian 2. trefoil

t.-bhliadhnail a triennial t.-chasach nm

tripod t.-chasach a three-legged

□

rèis thrì-chasach the three-legged race

□

stòl trì-chasach a three-legged stool t.-

cheàrnach a triangular t.-cheàrnag

nf triangle

□

trì-cheàrnag le oisean

dìreach a right-angled triangle t.-deug

thirteen (when used without a noun) t.-

dhualach a three-ply t.-earrannach

a tripartite t.-fhoghar nm triphthong

t.-ﬁllte pp threefold, treble, triple

t.-lobhtach a three-storied

□

togalach

mòr trì-lobhtach a great three-storied

building t.-rothach nm tricycle

t.-shiollach a trisyllabic t.-shliosach

a three-sided, trilateral

597 triall

trì a three

□

trì cairtealan three-

quarters

□

trì uairean thrice

□

when

not accompanied by a noun, the form

is a trì

□

co mheud craobh a tha ann?

triall, triall v commute (by train etc.),

depart, journey, travel, traverse, troop

□

triall air èiginn trudge (v)

□

thriall sinn na

mìltean tron bhaile we travelled for miles

through the town

□

thug e fa-near gun

robh iad air triall he noted that they had

departed

triall nm indec & vn of triall travelling etc.,

journey, travel

□

bha an triall athaiseach the

journey was slow

□

triall a-mach à exodus

triallaire, -ean nm traveller, voyager

trian nm indec third, third part

□

dà thrian

two thirds

□

tha trian a bharrachd de

bhuill againn am bliadhna we have a third

more [of] members this year

Trianaid nf Trinity

triantan, -ain, -an nm triangle

□

triantan

ceart-cheàrnach right-angled triangle

□

triantan ionnan-thaobhach equilateral

triangle

□

triantan co-chasach isosceles

triangle

□

triantan le ceàrn fharsaing

obtuse-angled triangle

□

triantan neo-

chothromach scalene triangle

triantanach a triangular

□

priosam

triantanach triangular prism

triantanachadh, -aidh nm & vn of

triantanaich triangulating, triangula-

tion

□

carragh triantanachaidh triangula-

tion pillar

triantanachd nf trigonometry

□

a’

fuasgladh cheistean ann an cruin-

neadaireachd agus triantanachd solving

problems in geometry and trigonometry

triantanaich, -achadh v triangulate

triath, -a, -an nm chief (of a clan), lord,

noble

□

an triath ’s an tuath the chief and

the peasantry

□

Triath nan Eilean Lord of

the Isles

tric a frequent

□

gu tric frequently, often,

repeatedly

□

the gu is often omitted: am bi

thu a’ tighinn an seo tric? do you come

here often? – and always when used with

cho or with the assertive verb

□

bha mi a’

tighinn dhachaigh cho tric ’s a b’urrainn

dhomh I was going home as often as

I could

□

dè cho tric ’s a bhitheas sin

a’tachairt?how often is that happening?

□

chan ann tric a chithear tàrmachan

a ptarmigan is not often seen

□

… mar as

tric a thachras…as often happens

□

…

nuair a bha an t-uisge ann, mar bu tric

a bha … when there was rain, as there

often was / as often was the case

□

often used in the comp / sup form

□

mar

as trice mostly

□

… agus nas trice

b’ann mun Fhèis a bhitheadh iad a’bruid-

hinn … and most often / usually it

would be about the Festival they would

be talking

□

seo an dòigh as trice thatar

a’ leantainn this is the method most often

pursued

tricead, -eid, -an nm frequency

□

tricead

àrd high-frequency

trìd prep ⫹ gen through, because of, on

account of (generally biblical / devotional

contexts)

□

trìd na tàmailt a fhuair e

dh’fhàg e on account of the insult he

received he left

□

trìd Iosa Crìost ar

Tighearna through Jesus Christ our

Lord

□

trìd-san gu robh sinn uile a’

dèanamh aiseirigh through him may we

be resurrected

trìd-dheatachadh nm transpiration t.-

dheataich v transpire t.-shoilleir a pellu-

cid, transparent t.-shoillse nf transparency

trìlleachan, -ain, -ain nm 1. oyster catcher

(also gille-Brìde nm) 2. plover (see feadag)

trìlleachan-beag nm turnstone (also gobh-

lachan nm) t.-tràghad / t.-tràighe nm

ringed plover (also tàrmachan-tuinne nm)

trillsean, -ein, -an nm torch

triobailte pp treble

triobhuail, triobhualadh v vibrate

triobhualadh, -aidh, -aidhean nm & vn

of triobhuail vibrating, vibration

□

dh’fhairich mi na triobhualaidhean tron

fhiodh I felt the vibrations through the

wood

trìoblachadh, -aidh nm & vn of trìoblaich

tripling

trìoblaich, -achadh v triple

trioblaid, -e, -ean nf mischief, tribulation,

trouble, illness, disease

□

aig àm trioblaid

in time of trouble

□

cha do sguir mo thri-

oblaidean le sin my troubles didn’t stop

with that

trioblaideach, iche 1. distressing, trouble-

some dh’fhàs na creachan na bu trice

agus na bu trioblaidiche the raids became

more frequent and more troublesome

2. distressed, troubled

triom nm indec mood, trim

□

cha robh e

ann an triom airson obair he wasn’t in the

mood for working / he couldn’t be both-

ered working

trìthead s and a thirty in new style of

counting

□

trìthead ’s a còig thirty-ﬁve

□

trìthead sgillinn ’s a còig / trìthead ’s

a còig sgillinn 35p

trithear, -eir, -an nm triad

trìtheachadh, -aidh nm & vn of trìthich

triplicating

trìthich, -eachadh v triplicate

triubhas, -ais, -an nm 1. breeches, trews,

trousers 2. ﬁsh roe

triùir nf three (of persons), trio,

triplets ⫹ gen pl or de⫹ dat or the relevant

prep poss adjs of de or aig

□

rug mi dha

triall 598

triùir mhac I bore him three sons (lit.

a threesome of sons)

□

thàinig triùir de na

saighdearan dearga three of the redcoats

came

□

sometimes the two methods are

mixed

□

bha triùir de ghillean agus

ceathrar chaileagan ann there were three

girls and four boys

□

may be used without

a noun:

□

bha triùir againn nar seasamh

anns an doras three of us were standing in

the doorway

□

a bheil clann agaibh? tha,

tha triùir agam. do you have [any] chil-

dren? yes, I have three

□

bha sinn ann

triùir there were three of us in the family

triullainn a confused, tangled

□

thèid iad

triullainn ort they will become tangled,

you’ll get them in a tangle (lit. they will go

tangled on you)

triuthach, an triuthach, na triuthaich nf

whooping cough

the night

□

bha snighe (a’) tighinn tron

mhullach there was a leak coming

through the ceiling

□

may be placed in

an emphatic position: tron bhealach

a ghabh e through the pass he went

tro may also precede the interr

part thus: an cunnart tro an tug iad a-

mach an ceann-uidhe the danger

through which they reached their des-

tination

□

dh’innis e dhuinn mu na

gàbhaidhean tro an deach e he told us

about the perils through which he had

passed

tro may also precede the relative pro-

noun thus: … nan robh thu air a dhol

tro na chaidh sinne troimhe…if you

had gone through what we had [gone

through]

The following prep poss adjs may be

found, but it is now recommended that

these be written in full

. trom⫹

len through my trod ⫹ len through

your sing tro a⫹ len through his

tro a (without len and tro a

h- before vowels) through her tro

ar through our tro ur through your

pl & polite tron (trom before b, f, m,

p) through their. The full forms are:

tro mo, tro do, tro a⫹ len, tro a

(without len and tro a h- before vow-

els), tro ar, tro ur, tro an (tro am

before b, f, m, p)

The shortened form is also used in com-

bination with the def art

□

tron

t-seachdain through the week

□

cuiridh

iad cùrsa air dòigh dhut tron phost

they will arrange a course for you

through the post

tro-chèile nf agitation, confusion,

dementia, disorder, ferment, muddle,

tangle, turmoil, welter

□

tro-chèile

(inntinn) psychosis

tro-chèile a confused, tangled, untidy

□

bha m’ inntinn cho tro-chèile ’s nach

do dh’fhan mi ris a’bhus my mind was

so confused that I didn’t wait for the

bus

□

anns na bliadhnachan tro-chèile

an dèidh a’ chogaidh in the confused

years after the war

□

cuir tro-chèile

confuse, complicate, disconcert,

muddle

□

bha iad air an cur tro-chèile

they were confused

□

cur tro-chèile

upset noun t.-fhaicsinneach /

t.-lèirsinneach a see-through, trans-

parent t.-lot v transﬁx

599 triuthach

tro prep⫹ dat⫹ len a form of troimh –

now recommended – through (both

physically & by reason of )

□

also has

the form tre (q.v.)

The prep prons are formed thus:

tromham through me tromhad

through you troimhe through him / it

masc troimhpe through her / it fem

tromhainn through us tromhaibh

through you pl & polite tromhpa

through them

The emph forms of these are:

tromhamsa, tromhadsa, troimhesan,

troimhpese, tromhainne, tromhaibhse,

tromhpasan respectively

Some common examples: thàinig an cù

a-steach tro tholl the dog entered

through a hole

□

bha againn ri dol tro

thunail fhada we had to go through

a long tunnel

□

chaidh e tro challaid

sgithich it went through a hawthorn

hedge

□

rinn e a shlighe tro shràidean

dorcha he made his way through dark

streets

□

tro bhliadhnachan gun àireamh

through countless years

□

chuala e

fuaim a chuir gaoir tro a fheòil he

heard a sound which sent a shiver

through his ﬂesh

cuir tro-chèile agitate, complicate,

confound, confuse, embarrass, ﬂuster

□

faigh tro penetrate

□

siubhail tro

wade

tro combines with the def art thus: tron

toll through the hole

□

tron latha by

day

□

tron oidhche by night, through

trobhad def v (used in the imperative mood

only) come, come on pl & polite⫽ trob-

hadaibh

□

trobhad an seo a Sheumais

come here, James

tròcair, -e nf compassion, leniency,

mercy, pity, quarter (mercy)

□

bha iad

a’ sealltainn le tròcair air they were

looking at him compassionately (lit. with

compassion)

tròcaireach, -iche a clement, compassion-

ate, lenient, merciful

troch, -a, -an nm trough

trod, troid nm & vn of troid scolding etc.,

row, telling off, ticking off, quarrel, wran-

gle

□

dèan trod quarrel, wrangle (v)

□

bhitheadh trod gàbhaidh ann there would

be a terrible row

□

bha trod eadar an dithis

aca gun sgur there was endless quarrelling

between the pair of them

trod v

□

see troid v

trodach, -aiche a pugnacious

troich, -ean nm/f dwarf, pygmy

troicheil a dwarﬁsh

troid, trod v ⫹ ri(s) chide, quarrel, reprove,

scold, upbraid, wrangle

□

an ann a’ dol a

thòiseachadh a’trod rithe a bha e? was he

going to start reproving her?

□

thòisich mo

mhàthair air trod rium my mother began

to scold me (see tòisich)

□

is tric a bhit-

headh e a’ trod ri muinntir an eilein he

would often be quarrelling with the people

of the island

Troidheanach nm & a

□

see Traoidheanach

troigh, -e, -ean nf foot (usually a measure,

but may also mean part of the body)

□

taobh-a-staigh na troighe instep

□

bha

am balla seachd troighean air àirde the

wall was seven feet in height

□

bha sleagh

shia troighean na làimh he had a six foot

spear in his hand (lit. a spear of six feet

□

note the preceding adj is lenited instead of

the noun)

□

troigh air throigh foot by

foot

□

ceithir troighean agus trì òirlich

four feet three inches

troighean, -ein, -an nm pedal

troilidh, -e, -ean nf trolley

troimh prep⫹ dat ⫹ len

□

the contracted

form tro (q.v.) is now recommended

troimh-a-chèile, troimhe chèile / troimh-

chèile nf

□

see tro-chèile

troimhe / troimhpe prep prons of tro /

troimh (q.v.)

trom, truime a cheerless, cumbersome,

heavy, leaden, lethargic, lifeless, lumpish,

onerous, phlegmatic, ponderous, pregnant,

sluggish, sound (deep), stodgy, turgid,

unwieldy, weighty

□

thuit an t-uisge gu

trom the rain fell / came down heavily

□

an trom ghaol dote

□

tha am bogsa trom

the box is heavy

□

bha e trom air òl he

indulged in drink

□

bha e uabhasach trom

air an tombaca / an deoch he was very

heavy on the tobacco / on the drink (i.e. he

smoked / drank very heavily)

□

dhùisg e

an dèidh cadal trom gun bhruaillean he

awoke after a heavy untroubled sleep

□

thuit an t-uisge gu trom the rain fell heav-

ily

□

shuidh e sìos gu trom he sat down

heavily

□

note also: nach tu tha trom air!

my, aren’t you hard on him!

trom- pref indicating ‘sore(ly)’,’heavy’ /

‘heavily’ etc.

trom-bhreitheach a hypercritical

t.-chadal nm heavy sleep t.-cheannach a

drowsy t.-chudromach a welter-weight

t.-ghoint a sorely wounded t.-ghràdhaich

v adore t.-inntinneach a dull, lownspir-

ited t.-laighe, -ean nm/f incubus, night-

mare

□

bha an trom-laighe seo a’ tighinn

air cha mhòr a h-uile oidhche this night-

mare was troubling him almost every

night t.-neul nm coma

tromachadh, -aidh nm & vn of tromaich

burdeninig etc.

tromaich, -achadh v 1. clog, dull, oppress

2. become heavier

□

bha an t-uisge a’

tromachadh the rain was beoming heavier

3. make heavier 4. burden, load

trom(a)lach, -aich nm/f bulk, largest part,

majority, preponderance

□

bha tromalach

na feachda (ann) an Inbhir-Nis the bulk of

the force was in Inverness

□

tha an troma-

lach dheth a’buntainn ri litreachas ann an

Albais the bulk of it pertains to literature

in Scots

tromb, truimb, -an nf Jew’s harp

trombaid, -e, -ean nf trump (mus.), trumpet

trombòn, -òin, -an nm trombone

tromhad / tromham / tromhaibh /

tromhainn / tromhpa prep prons of tro /

troimh (q.v.)

tropaig, -e, -ean nf tropic

□

na Tropaigean

the Tropics

□

Tropaig Chansar Tropic of

Cancer

□

Tropaig Chapricorn Tropic of

Capricorn

tropaigeach, -iche a tropical

trophaidh, -ean nm trophy

□

tha iad airidh

air an trophaidh a thog iad mar dhuais

they are worthy of the trophy that they

lifted / picked up as a prize

Tropospeur, -a nm Troposphere

trosg, truisg, truisg nm cod

trostan, -ain, -an nm (also tròstan) 1. stilt

□

bha na balaich a’ cluich air trostanan the

trobhad 600

boys were playing on stilts 2. crutch,

support

trotail nf trotting, jogging

□

bha am bodach

na throtail nam dhèidh the old man was

trotting after me

trotan nm canter, trot, trotting pace

□

dèan

trotan trot (v)

truacanta a compassionate, humane,

merciful, pitiful

□

duine uasal truacanta

a gentlemanly, humane man

truacantas, -ais nm pity

truagh, -aighe a abject, deplorable, for-

lorn, miserable, piteous, poor, sad,

wretched

□

rud beag truagh pittance

□

bha

samhradh truagh againn a’ bhliadhna sin

we had a poor summer that year

□

note

also: ’s truagh sin that’s a pity

□

is truagh

nach do rugadh dall mi! it’s a pity I

wasn’t born blind!

□

is truagh leam

an-dràsta nach do dh’èist sinn ris I

think it a pity now that we didn’t listen

to him

truaghag, -aige, -an nf

□

fem counterpart

of truaghan below

truaghan, -ain, -ain nm poor fellow,

poor soul, weakling, wretch etc.

□

o an

truaghan! oh the poor soul!

truaighe nf misery, wretchedness

□

often

used in the phrase mo thruaighe! alas!

□

mo thruaighe don fhear a dhèanadh sin!

woe betide the one who’d do that!

truaill, -e, -ean nf scabbard, sheath

□

tharraing e a chlaidheamh às a thruaill

he drew his sword from its sheath / he

unsheathed his sword

□

cuir an truaill

sheathe

□

chuir e a chlaidheamh an truaill

a-rithist he sheathed his sword again

truaill, -eadh v adulterate, corrupt, debase,

debauch, deﬁle, deﬂower, deprave, dirty,

infect, pervert, pollute, prostitute, ravish,

seduce, soil, sully, taint, vitiate

truaill-chainnt nf slang

truailleachadh, -aidh nm & vn of truail-

lich v degrading etc.

truailleachd nf corruption, degeneracy,

degradation, depravity

truailleadh, -idh nm vn of truaill adulter-

ating etc, adulteration, adultery, debase-

ment, deﬁlement, depravation, impurity,

pollution, ravishment, rape, seduction, taint,

vulgarization

□

gun truailleadh unadulter-

ated, unsullied, unpolluted etc.

□

truailleadh

uisge water pollution

□

tha truailleadh san

àrainneachd a tha eagalach there is fear-

ful pollution of (lit. in) the environment

□

tha sinn a’ smaoineachadh air truailleadh

na h-àrainneachd mar gum biodh

e a’ ciallachadh a-mhàin … we think of

pollution as if it meant only …

truaillich, -eachadh v degrade

truaillidh a bastard (metaph.), nasty

truaillidheachd

□

same as truailleachd

truaillte pp adulterated, corrupt, debased,

impure, polluted

□

dh’fhàs ar nàdar

uile gu lèir truaillte our nature became

completely debased

truas, -ais nm clemency, compassion, pity,

ruth

□

gabh truas relent

□

gabh truas de /

ri pity

□

ghabh e truas mòr dhith / rithe he

pitied her greatly (lit. took great pity from

her / towards her)

□

bha truas aige rithe he

was sorry for her (lit. there was pity at him

towards her

□

… seach gu bheil truas

agam rium fhèin … because I am sorry for

myself

□

note also: cuir truas air (cuidei-

gin) make (someone) pity you – lit. put

pity on (someone)

□

a bheil i a’ cur truas

ort? is she putting pity on you? i.e. do you

pity her? / are you sorry for her?

truasail, -e a compassionate, pitiful

truca, -aichean nf truck

trùghal; -ail; -an nm trowel

trùghan;-ain; -an nm trowel

truidhleis nf see truileis nf

truileis nf junk, mess, trash

truimb

□

gen sing of tromb Jew’s harp

truime nf dullness, heaviness, indulgence

truimeach-air-shearrach / truimeach-air-

thearrach adv

□

same as dromach-

air-shearrach

truimead, -eid nm [degree of] heaviness,

heaviness, weightiness

□

a’dol an truimead

becoming heavier

□

…ach tha e a dhà

thruimead nuair a thig e a-mach a-rithist…

but it is twice as heavy when it comes out

again

□

tha cudthrom na talmhainn

a cheithir ﬁchead uiread ri truimead na

gealaich the weight of the earth is eighty

times the heaviness of the moon

truinnsear, -eir, -an nm plate, trencher

truis, -eadh v gather up, muster, roll up,

scrape together, truss, tuck (up)

□

thruis

mi muilichinnean mo lèine I rolled up the

sleeves of my shirt

□

thruis e a mhuilichin-

nean he tucked up his sleeves

truisg

□

gen sing and nom & dat pl of trosg

cod

truisich, -eachadh v

□

same as truis

trumpa, -achan nf trump (cards)

trùp, trùip, -an nm troop

trùpair, -ean nm trooper

trus, -adh v

□

same as truis

trusadh, -aidh nm & vn of trus gathering

(of sheep)

601 trusadh