Colin Mark. The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Гэльско-английский словарь
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dìreach, -iche a direct, erect, exact,
first-hand, forthright, impartial, lineal,
perpendicular, plumb, positive, rightful,
straight, unequivocal, upright, vertical
□
as an adv dìreach⫽ directly, downright,
even (⫽ just, exactly), exactly, just,
merely, plumb, simply, straight
□
tha e
dìreach air tighinn a-steach he has just
come in
□
dìreach ann an tìde in the nick
of time
□
dìreach sin! quite so!
□
’s e rud
eile a bhios ann a lorg dìreach dè thachair
it would be another matter to discover
exactly what took place
□
rinn e dìreach
air an t-solas he made directly for the light
□
bha sin dìreach math that was just lovely
□
dìreach romhad / roimhe etc. straight
ahead (of you / him etc.)
□
bha mi a’
bruidhinn ris dìreach mun do bhàsaich e
I was talking to him just before he died
□
bha e dìreach mar a bha cuimhne aige air
it was just as he remembered it
dìreachadh, -aidh nm & vn of dìrich
straightening
dìreadh, -idh nm & vn of dìrich climbing
etc., ascent
dìrich, -eachadh v straighten
□
dhìrich mi
mo dhruim I straightened my back
□
“Tha
mi sgìth,” thuirt e, ’s e a’ dìreachadh
a dhroma “I’m tired,” he said [and he]
straightening his back
dìrich, dìreadh v ascend, climb, mount
□
bha iad a’ dìreadh suas leathad cas they
were climbing up a steep slope
dìrichead, -eid nf 1. erectness 2. straight-
ness, directness
□
dìrichead labhraidh
directness of speech
dis, -e a weak, delicate
□
cha robh e dis
aig an àm sin he wasn’t unfit at that
time
Disathairne nm Saturday, on Saturday
□
càit a bheil thu dol Disathairne? where
are you going on Saturday?
□
feasgar
Disathairne (on) Saturday afternoon /
evening
□
chan fhaca mi e feasgar
Disathairne I didn’t see him on Saturday
afternoon / evening
□
’s e Disathairne
a bha ann it was (a) Saturday
dìsead, -eid nm duet
dìsinn, dìsne, dìsnean nf die (pl. dice)
□
but dìsne is also used for the nom sing
dìsne, -ean nf die (pl. dice)
□
see also
dìsinn and dìsnean
dìsneachadh, -aidh nm & vn of dìsnich
dicing (playing dice)
dìsnean, -ein nm dice (collectively)
□
also
pl of dìsne
dìsnich, -eachadh v dice, play dice
dìt, -eadh v condemn, convict, damn trans,
doom, sentence
□
dìt gu follaiseach
impeach
dìteadh, -idh nm & vn of dìt condemning
etc., condemnation, conviction, doom,
impeachment, indictment, reprobation
□
dìteadh (sìorraidh) damnation
dìreach 232
dìth nm 1. dearth, defect, deficiency,
deficit, lack, need (want), privation,
shortage, want
□
dìth smachd indisci-
pline
□
nuair nach robh dìth airgid
orra when they weren’t short of money
□
tha dìth a’ chadail orm I need / lack
sleep
Most commonly used as the adv a dhìth
lacking, missing, wanting, as follows:
tha luchd-teagaisg a dhìth teachers are
needed
□
tha rudeigin a dhìth orm
I need, lack, want something
□
tha
rudeigin a dhìth air it lacks something
□
tha rud eile a dhìth air an aithisg seo
this report lacks something else / there
is something else lacking in this report
□
… mas e sin a bha a dhìth orra …if
that’s what they wanted
□
dè tha
a dhìth air? what does he want / lack?
□
feumaidh sinn leabhraichean a chur
do na sgoiltean a tha iad a dhìth orra
we must send books to the schools that
lack them
□
cha robh a dhìth oirnn ach
gum faigheamaid cothrom a bhith
a’ leughadh we wanted nothing but to
get the chance to be reading
The noun denoting the thing lacking
may follow the phrase and be in the
gen case
□
is fheàrr a bhith [a] dhìth
a’ chinn na [a] bhith [a] dhìth an fha-
sain it’s better to be lacking a (lit. the)
head than to be lacking [the] fashion
□
thèid mi an urras nach bi thu a dhìth
cobhair I’ll warrant you’ll not lack
assistance 2. destruction
□
dol a dhìth
miscarriage (general, not medical)
□
rach a dhìth miscarry (in general), per-
ish, die off, die out, go to ruin, go to
rack and ruin, spoil (intrans.) etc.
□
chaidh iad uile a dhìth feadh na
h-oidhche they all perished during the
night
□
tha mòran de na sgeulachdan
sin a’dol a dhìth many of those stories
are dying out
□
tha iad a’leigeil leis na
h-àitean aca a dhol a dhìth they are
letting their places go to rack and
ruin
□
cuir a dhìth ruin, destroy
□
dith / dhith prep pron of de of / off her / it
□
usually nowadays lenited – bha na
daoine a’ tighinn dhith the people were
coming off her (the boat)
□
see de
dith, -eadh v press, squeeze
dith, -ean / -eanan nf layer, stratum, vein
(in mine etc.)
□
chunnaic sinn ditheanan
airgid anns a’ chreig we saw veins of sil-
ver in the rock
□
dith air muin dith / dith
air dhith layer upon layer
□
bha na dithean
a b’ ìsle a’ dol nan cloich the lowest layers
were turning into stone
ditheachadh, -aidh nm & vn of dìthich
annihilating etc.
dìthean, -ein, -an nm flower
dìthich, -eachadh v annihilate, liquidate
dithis nf brace, couple, deuce (two), pair
(of people), two (of persons), twain
□
an
dithis both
□
don dithis mutual
□
dithis
dheagh-aithnichte a well-known pair
dithis is foll. by the gen pl or the relevant
prep poss’s of de or aig
□
dithis mhac two
sons
□
an dithis aca the two of them / both
of them
□
an dithis againn both of us
□
thàinig dithis dhiubh air ais two of them
returned
□
b’ e dithis eòlach fhileanta
a bha aig na coinneamhan it was an expert
and eloquent pair who were at the meet-
ings
□
’s e clann an dithis bhràithrean
a bha annta they were children of two
brothers (lit. it is children of the two broth-
ers that were in them)
□
sgrìobh còmhradh
eadar dithis sam bith write a conversation
between any two people
□
a bheil clann
agaibh? tha, tha dithis agam do you have
[any] children? Yes, I have two
Note the following: seo mar a thachair do
dhithis bheaga a … this is what happened
to two children (lit. a little pair) who…
□
it should be noted that here dithis is
accompanied by an adj which has a pl adj
ending, but is lenited as for a sing noun
(cf. clann and luingeas q.v.)
□
dithis òga
a tha a’ fuireach san sgìre a couple of
young people who live in the district
dìthreabh, -eibh nf desert, wilderness
□
bha fàsalachd na dìthreibh trom air mo
spiorad the desolation of the desert was
heavy on my spirit
dìthreabhach, -aich, -aich nm hermit
□
bha cuid a bha a’ tàmh ann mar dhithre-
abhaich there were some who were living
in it as hermits
diù a worth
□
now nearly always in the
idiom: cha diù leam is not worth my while,
is beneath me
□
cha diù leam sin that is
beneath me
□
cha bu diù leam a chur air
truaghan mar sin it would be beneath me
to bother a wretch like that
□
cha bu diù
leothasan fear a bha mì-onorach they
would not think much of a man who was
dishonest
diù nm 1. the worst
□
diù nan uile àitean the
worst of all places / the worst place of all
2. care
□
cha do chuir e mòran diù anns na
bha iad ris he did not care much what they
were up to
□
gach duine a tha a’ cur diù
ann an eachdraidh ar dùthcha … everyone
who cares for the history of our country
□
… ’s gun diù aige gun robh feadhainn
eile a’ feitheamh … [and he] not caring
that others were waiting
□
cha bhiodh diù
aig duine dhe leithid do dhuine sam bith
eile a man like that wouldn’t care about
anybody else
□
’s beag do dhiù little do
you care
diùbhaidh nm
□
same as diù above
□
diùbhaidh nan diùbhaidh the worst of the
worst
diùc, -an nm duke
□
nighean an diùc the
daughter of the duke
diùid, -e a bashful, backward, blate,
reticent, self-conscious, shy
□
bha e cho
anabarrach diùid he was so terribly shy
diùide nf bashfulness
diùlannach, -aich, -aich nm stalwart, hero,
champion
□
a’ chiad diùlannach den
chinneadh the first champion of the clan
diùlnach, -aich, -aich nm
□
same as
diùlannach
diùlt, -adh v decline, deny, disallow, over-
rule, refuse, reject, renounce, turn down
□
diùlt le tàir spurn
□
cha diùlt mi nì eile
nuair nach bi nas fheàrr ann I won’t
refuse an alternative when there is nothing
better available (lit. something else when
there isn’t what is better in it)
□
cò a dhiùl-
tadh beagan airgid a thoirt dhaibh? who
would refuse to give them a little money?
□
dhiùlt e a reic rium he refused to sell it
to me
□
dhiùlt e falbh a-muigh no a-mach
he refused point-blank to leave
□
bha i a’
diùltadh cadal anns an taigh na h-aonar
she refused to sleep in the house alone
diùltadh, -aidh, -aidhean nm & vn of diùlt
refusing etc., denial, negation, rebuff,
233 diùltadh
chuireadh sin an cosnadh aca a dhìth
ceart gu leòr that would destroy their
employment right enough
dìth-chèile nm insanity
refusal, rejection, renunciation
□
is buaine
aon diùltadh na dà thabhartas deug one
refusal is more lasting than a dozen offers
(proverb)
diùmbach
□
see diombach
Diùrach, -aich, -aich nm Jura man,
inhabitant of Jura
Diùrach a of, belonging to or pertaining to
Jura
diùraidh, -ean nm jury
diut nm jute
diùtaidh nm (excise) duty
□
saor o dhiùtaidh
duty-free
dleas, -adh v earn, merit, procure, qualify
for
□
tha e a’ dleasadh urraim he merits
respect
□
dleasaidh oileanaich lugh-
dachadh sa chìs students will qualify for
a reduction in the fee
dleasadh, -aidh nm & vn of dleas
earning etc.
dleasnach, -aiche a dutiful
dleasnas, -ais nm duty
□
same as dleastanas
dleastanach, -aiche a dutiful
dleastanas, -ais nm duty, service, remit
□
dleastanas sònraichte assignment
□
tha e
a’ tighinn geàrr air a dhleastanas he is
falling short of his duty
□
’s e a’Ghàidhlig
a’ phrìomh dhleastanas aige Gaelic is his
first remit
dlighe nf due, title (legal)
dligh-eòlach a forensic
dlighe-sgrìobhaidh nf copyright
dligheach, -iche a due, legal, legitimate,
lineal, rightful
□
feumaidh Gàidhlig a
h-àite dligheach a ghabhail ann an
saoghal an fhoghlaim Gaelic must take
her rightful place in the world of education
□
cha do dh’ iarr e ach an rud a bha
dligheach dha fhaotainn he asked only for
what (lit. the thing that) was rightful for
him to get (i.e. his due)
dligheachas, -ais nm lawful right
dligheachd nf legality
□
dligheachd bàis
death-duty
dligheil a juridical
dlòth, -a, dlòintean nf handful (uncom-
mon)
□
bha i a’ slaodadh dlòth às an siud
’s às an seo she was pulling a handful out
of it here and there
dlù-
□
see dlùth-
dlùith, dlùthadh v
□
same as dlùthaich
dlùth, (-a) nm warp in weaving
□
dlùth
is inneach warp and woof
□
tha an snath
airson a’ chur agus an snath airson an
dlùth eadar-dhealaichte the thread for
the weft and the thread for the warp are
different
dlùth, dlùithe a ⫹ prep do / ri / air (⫽ to)
1. adjacent, close, exclusive, near
□
laigh
dlùth ri snuggle up to / against
□
dlùth air
làimh in the offing
□
teann dlùth draw near
□
…a h-uile turas a theannadh iad dlùth…
every time they drew near
□
thig dlùth
draw near / approach
□
tha an t-àm a’tigh-
inn dlùth nuair a dh’fheumas sinn … the
time is approaching when we must…
□
na
rudan a bha dlùth da cridhe the things
which were close to her heart
□
bha balla
cloiche dlùth dhomh there was a stone wall
close to me
□
bha iad cho dlùth is a b’
urrainn peathraichean a bhith they were
as close as it was possible for sisters to
be / as sisters could be
□
bha iad dlùth an
dàimh they were closely related (lit. close
in relationship)
□
often used as an adv
(without gu)
□
bha seo dlùth cheangailte
ri obair a’ mhisein this was closely con-
nected to the work of the mission
□
as adv
may also ⫽ hard
□
also used as a prep:
dlùth air nearly
□
bha iad a’ cluiche fad
dlùth air uair an uaireadair they were play-
ing for nearly an hour [of the clock] 2. dense,
thick
□
air feadh choilltean dlùtha through
dense forests 3. idiom: ’s mi falbh leam
fhèin gu dlùth [and I] walking along in a
brown study (this last example from Dwelly)
dlùth, dlùthadh v
□
same as dlùthaich
dlùth-aireachail adj. intensive d.-choille nf
jungle d.-chùram (ospadail) nm intensive
care d.-fheachd nf phalanx d.-fhàsach nm
jungle d.-ionannachd nf close similarity
□
faodaidh sinn dlùth-ionannachd a sheall-
tainn eatorra we may demonstrate a close
similarity between them d.-lean v 1. dog,
follow closely, stick close to 2. prosecute
d.-phreas nm thicket d.-tharraingeachd
nf magnetism d.-theannadh nm compres-
sion
□
dlùth-theannadh na h-eanchainn
compression of the brain
dlùthachadh, -aidh nm & vn of dlùthaich
approaching etc., approximation
dlùthachd nf 1. solidarity 2. closeness,
proximity
dlùthadh, -aidh nm 1. same as
dlùthachadh 2. (in N. Uist) stacking corn
in small stacks, cruachadh being used for
large stacks
dlùthaich, -achadh v 1. approach, draw
close / near to (⫹ ri / air)
□
… nuair a bha
e a’ dlùthachadh ris a’ bhaile … as he was
approaching the town
□
dhlùthaich e ris
an doras he approached the door 2. com-
press, stack 3. knit, knot, warp
dlùths, -ùiths nm density
diùmbach 234
do part denoting the past tense
(though missing or assimilated in
some irregular verbs)
□
sometimes
shortened before vowel sounds / cer-
tain consonants
□
an do choisich thu
dhachaigh? did you walk home?
□
an
d’fhuair thu e? did you get it?
□
an do
rinn iad sin? did they do that?
do 2nd pers sing poss adj thine, thy,
your
□
lenites a following noun
□
do
mhàthair your mother
□
do chàr your
car
□
before a vowel it often becomes
t’ e.g. t’ athair your father (not
recommended now)
do prep⫹ dat ⫹ len for, to, unto 1. to
□
feumaidh sinn a bhith dìleas do na geal-
laidhean a thug sinn we must be faithful
to the promises that we gave
□
it should
be noted that, with places, do means ‘to
and into’
□
chaidh i suas do a seòmar
fhèin she went up to her own room
do combines with the sing def art to
become don with the following noun
being lenited where possible
□
thug
e an sgian dheàlrach ùr don bhalach
he gave the shiny new knife to the boy
□
thoir tiotal don sgeulachd give the
story a title
□
note: do ⫹ def art often
becomes dhan, sometimes with redu-
plication (usually only in speech) –
dhan a’ Ghàidhlig for Gaelic
Before a vowel do often becomes do
dh’ or a dh’
□
thug mi do dh’ Iain e
I gave it to Ian
□
though this is not
obligatory: tha sinn a’ dol do Inbhir
Nis / do dh’Inbhir Nis / a dh’ Inbhir
Nis we are going to Inverness
The prep prons are formed thus: dhomh
to me dhut / dhuit to you dha to him /
it masc dhi to her / it fem dhuinn to us
dhuibh to you pl & polite dhaibh to
them
The emphatic forms of these are:
dhòmhsa, dhutsa, dhàsan, dhìse,
dhuinne, dhuibhse, dhaibhsan
respectively
Some examples: thug e leabhar dhomh
he gave me a book
□
rugadh dithis
chloinne dhaibh two children were
born to them
□
thug mi dhi e I gave it
to her
□
thoir dha e give it to him
□
combines with cò thus to mean ‘to
whom? / to what?’: co dha a thug e
aoigheachd? to whom did he give hos-
pitality?
□
note that the stress on cò is
dropped in these circumstances
do combines with the interr particles
an / am to form the rel prons don /
dom, dan / dam or dhan / dham to
whom / to what / to which
□
… ge bith
cò iad no an tìr dham buineadh iad …
whoever they are or whatever the land
to which they belong (note that gu bith
cò refers to both iad and an tìr)
□
also
note that do ⫹ a bheil becomes da
bheil / dha bheil
□
dha bheil iad a’
toirt maoin to which they give funds
The following prep poss adjs may be
found, but it is now recommended
that these be written in full
. The prep
do combines with the poss adjs in
a number of ways:
do mo / dom (⫹ len) to my do do / dod
(⫹ len) to your sing da (⫹ len) to his da
(without len and a h- before vowels) to
her do ar / dar (dar n- before vowels)
to our do ur / dur (dur n- before
vowels) to your pl & polite
do an / dan (do am / dam before b, f,
m, p) to their
Some of these are commonly lenited.
The forms are: dha mo / dham (⫹ len)
to me dha do / dhad (⫹ len) to your
sing dha (⫹ len) to his dha (without
len – a h- before vowels) to her dha
ar / dhar (dhar n- etc. before vowels)
to our dha ur / dhur (dhur n- etc.
before vowels) to your pl & polite dha
an / dhan (dham etc. before b, f, m,
p) to their 2. for (a) – where ‘for’ is
very close to the meaning ‘to’
□
bha
litir aig a’ phosta do a mhàthair the
postman had a letter for his mother
□
tha litir agam an seo agus ’s ann
dhutsa a tha i I have a letter here and
it’s for you (b) – where the meaning
‘to’ is a little farther removed
□
chan
eil càil an seo dhomhsa there is
nothing for me here (c) – where the
meaning ‘to’ is very far removed
□
chan eil e math do dhuine a bhith a’
smaoineachadh air rudan mar sin it’s
not good for a person to be thinking
about things like that
□
tha an leabhar
seo anabarrach saor dha mheudachd
this book is awfully cheap for its size
□
…chan e sin do bhàrdachd MhicC.…
not so for MacC.’s poetry
□
tha mi
taingeil airson na tha thu a’ dèanamh
dhomh I am thankful for what you are
doing for me
□
do dh’eilean beag tha
mòran de bhàrdachd a’ tighinn às for
235 dlùths
a little island, a lot of poetry comes out
of it 3. of (when referring to relation-
ships) tha e na charaid dhomh he is
a friend / relative of mine
□
bha e na
fhìor nàmhaid do Chalum he was
a real enemy of Calum
□
’s e ogha do
Sheumas Beag a tha ann an Tòmas
Thomas is a grandson of Little James
(where ‘Little James’ is a by-name)
Other idioms: seo dhut! there you are
(i.e. I knew that would happen / I told
you so etc.)
d.-dhèanta it is not possible to do that
□
nì d.-dhèanta an impossibility d.-
dhìonadh a indefensible d.-eadar-
sgaoileadh a indissoluble, insoluble
d.-fhaicsinneach a invisible d.-fhaic-
sinneachd nf invisibility d.-fhaighinn
a irretrievable d.-fhaireachadh
a impassionate d.-fhaireachdainn a
impalpable d.-fhaotainn a unobtainable
□
d.-fhaotainn (air ais) irrecoverable
d.-fhreagairt a unanswerable d.-
fhuasgladh a inextricable, insolvable
d.-fhulang a insufferable d.-fhurtachd
a inconsolable d.-ghiùlan a insuffer-
able, insupportable d.-ghluasad
a irremoveable d.-innse(adh) a
incommunicable, ineffable, inexpress-
ible, unaccountable d.-inntrig a
impenetrable d.-iomairt a unplayable
d.-ionnsaighe a impregnable d.-ithe
a inedible d.-labhairt a unspeakable
d.-leasachaidh a irreparable
□
a
dh’aindeoin a’ challdaich dho-
leasachaidh sin despite that irreparable
loss d.-leigheas a incurable d.-
leònadh a invulnerable d.-leughadh
nm illegible d.-leughtachd nf illegibil-
ity d.-leughte a indecipherable d.-
luaidh adj unmentionable d.-lùbadh
a inflexible d.-lùbtha a inexorable,
rigid d.-mhearachdach a infallible
d.-mhearachdas nm infalliblity
d.-mheasta a inestimable d.-mhil-
leadh a indestructible d.-mhillte a
foolproof d.-mhìneachadh a inexpli-
cable d.-mhothaichte a imperceptible
d.-mhùchadh nm inextinguishable,
quenchless, unextinguishable d.-
mhùchte a insuppressible d.-
mhùthadh nm inertia d.-rannsachadh
a indiscoverable d.-rèite a insoluble
d.-rèiteachadh a irreconcilable d.-
riaghladh a ungovernable d.-roinn
a indivisible d.-roinnteachd nf indi-
visibility d.-ruighinn a impervious d.-
ruigsinn a inaccessible, unattainable
d.-rùnaichte a unintentional d.-
sgairte a inseparable
□
a bheil thu a’
faicinn co-cheangail do-sgairte eadar
an dà rud sin? do you see an insepara-
ble connection between those two
items?
□
tha ceangal do-sgairte eadar
duine agus a chànain there is an insep-
arable bond between a man and his
language d.-sgaradh a inseparable
d.-sgìtheachadh a indefatigable
dlùths 236
do- neg pref corresponding to un- /
in- note that dò-bheart is the only one
with an accent on the do-
do-àicheadh a incontestable, incalcula-
ble, irrefutable, undeniable d.-
ainmeachadh a unnamable, indefin-
able d.-ainmichte a unnamable
d.-àireamh a countless, innumerable,
unnumbered d.-àiteachadh a unin-
habitable d.-aithneachail a unrecog-
nisable nochd e ann an riochd
d.-aithneachail he appeared in
unrecognisable form d.-aithnichte
a indistinguishable d.-aithris a inde-
scribable d.-atharrachadh a irre-
versible d.-bheantainn a intangible
dò-bheart nf (see doibheart) d.-
bhriste a unbreakable d.-chaisgte
a unquenchable, unstoppable,
irresistible d.-chaochlaideach
a incommutable, unchangeable d.-
chaochlaideachd nf incommutability,
unchangeability d.-cheannsachadh
a incorrigible, insuperable, invincible,
irrepressible, unconquerable, unman-
ageable, untameable d.-chlaoidte
a indefatigable d.-chlaonta a indeclin-
able d.-chleith a inconcealable
d.-chloiste a inaudible d.-chluiche
a unplayable d.-chnàmh,an d.-chnàmh
nm dyspepsia d.-chreidsinn a incredi-
ble
□
chunnaic sinn nithean d.-
chreidsinn an sin we saw incredible
things there d.-chumail a untenable
d.-chur-an-cèill a unaccountable d.-
dhealachadh a inalienable d.-
dhèanta a impossible, impracticable
□
bha e d.-dhèanta dha a bhith an
làthair a-nochd it was impossible for
him to be present tonight
□
tha sin
d.-sgriosta a indelible d.-shàraichte
a inviolable, unbeatable d.-shàsachadh
nm insatiable d.-sheachainte /
d.-sheachanta a compulsory, de
rigueur, essential, necessary, unavoid-
able d.-sheachnach a inevitable
d.-sheachnadh a inevitable d.-
sheachnaichte pp essential
□
tha àite
do-sheachnaichte aice it (fem e.g. a’
Ghàidhlig) has an essential role
d.-sheasamh a untenable d.-sheòladh
a unnavigable d.-shiubhal a impassa-
ble d.-shònrachadh a indefinable,
indeterminate d.-shònraichte a inde-
terminable d.-smachdaichte a uncon-
trollable d.-smuaineachadh
a inconceivable, unimaginable d.-
thaghte a ineligible d.-theannachadh
a incompressible d.-thomhas
a immeasurable, incommensurable,
unfathomable
□
thar chuantan
do-thomhas across immeasurable seas
d.-thraoghadh a inexhaustible d.-
thruaillidh a incorruptible d.-
thuigsinn a incomprehensible,
inscrutable, unintelligible
□
’s e
saoghal do-thuigsinn anns a bheil e a’
còmhnaidh it is an incomprehensible
world in which he dwells d.-thuigsin-
neach a incomprehensible
□
bha na
Gaidheil do-thuigsinneach do na Goill
the Gaels were incomprehensible to
the Lowlanders d.-thuigsinneachd nf
incomprehensibility
□
tha sinn air
ar toirt aghaidh ri aghaidh ri do-
thuigsinneachd mhic-an-duine we are
brought face to face with the incom-
prehensibility of mankind
perhaps, presumably, possibly, probably, it
is likely
□
is dòcha gun tuiteadh e le creig
perhaps he would fall over a cliff
□
’s
dòcha gun do rinn e mearachd perhaps he
had made a mistake
□
a bheil thu dol
ann?’s dòcha are you going? Probably
□
’s
dòcha gun tèid mi ann probably I will go
□
tha e den bheachd gur dòcha gur e Bàgh
a’ Chaisteil a chithear anns an dealbh he
is of the opinion that possibly it’s
Castlebay that is (lit. will be seen) in the
picture
□
rinn e nì nach, dòcha, a
dhèanadh duine againn le misnich he did
something that perhaps not one of us
would do with confidence
docha (comp form of toigh) more / most
dear, esteemed, valuable, preferable
□
is
docha leam I prefer
□
is toigh leam seo
ach is docha leam sin I like this but I pre-
fer that
□
bu docha leam I would prefer /
I would rather
dochainn v
□
see dochann v
dochair, -e nf harm, hurt, injury
□
dèan
dochair air harm, injure
□
cha shòradh e
dochair a dhèanamh oirnn he would not
hesitate to harm us
dochaireach, -iche a injurious
dochann, dochann v damage, maim, strain
(make painful, difficult etc.)
dochann, -ainn nm & vn of dochainn /
dochann maiming etc., damage, hurt,
injury, prejudice, strain
□
gun dochann
unhurt
dochannach, -aiche a deleterious, hurtful
dochar nf
□
see dochair nf
docharach, -aiche a
□
see dochaireach a
237 docharach
dobhar-chù nm 1. beaver 2. otter (in older
writings)
dòbhran, -ain, -ain nm otter
dòbhran-donn nm
□
same as dòbhran
doca, -annan nm dock, dockyard
doca-gràbhalaidh nm dry-dock
docair, -ean nm docker, stevedore
dòcha (comp form of obsolete adj dogh)
more / most likely / probable
□
tha e
a cheart cho dòcha gu … it is just as likely
that …
□
gu dearbh ’s ann is dòcha iad
òrain mhatha a chluinntinn an seo indeed,
they are more likely to hear good songs
here
□
most often used as follows: is
dòcha / ’s dòcha gu / gun / gum / gur
dòchas, ais, -an nm expectancy, hope
□
gun dòchas hopeless
□
tha dòchas ann
do gach neach a tha … there is hope
for every person who is …
□
bha
dòchas mòr nam measg gun robh
camhanach ùr gus tighinn there was
a great hope in their midst that a new
dawn was about to come
□
bha gach nì
anns an robh i a’ cur a dòchais ga
mealladh everything in which she
placed her hope was letting her down
bi an dòchas gu (n / m) hope that (lit.
be in hope that)
□
tha mi an dòchas gu
bheil … I hope that … is …
□
with
a full stop after bheil, and in reply to
a question / statement using some form
of tha, this would mean I hope so e.g.
a bheil e ceart gu leòr? tha mi an
dòchas gu bheil. is he all right? I hope
so.
□
am bi thu a’ tighinn dhachaigh
a-nochd? tha mi an dòchas gum bi
Will you be coming home tonight?
I hope so etc.
□
… a bha e an dòchas
a phòsadh … whom he hoped to marry
□
with a negative the form is as
follows: tha mi an dòchas nach do
dhòirt thu am bainne I hope that you
didn’t spill the milk
dòchas may also be followed by a vn
□
…
a tha an dòchas tilleadh a-nochd …
who hopes to return tonight
□
bha iad
uile an dòchas am pàiste fhaighinn
a dh’ aithghearr they all hoped to find
the child soon
Sometimes a construction using aig is
found
□
tha dòchas aig B. gu …
B. hopes that …
□
cha dèan e an obair
a bha dòchas aige a dhèanamh he
will not carry out the work that he
hoped to do
Passive constructions use the imper-
sonal forms of the verb bi (q.v.):
thathar an dòchas gun tòisichear air
an togail a dh’aithghearr it is hoped
that they will be begun to be built soon
(lit. that it will be begun on their build-
ing soon)
□
bithear an dòchas gun
soirbhich leis sna bhliadhnachan ri
tighinn it is (lit. will be) hoped that he
will succeed / prosper in the years to
come
□
see soirbhich
leig thairis dòchas / a dhòchas etc.
despair v
□
bha e air a dhòchas
a leigeil thairis he had given up [his]
hope
□
bidh i a’ leigeil thairis a
dòchais she will be giving up [her]
hope
beartach a’ tighinn eadarainn the
resentment of the poor towards the rich is
coming between us 2. – as an extension of
the above, an unwillingness to accept
gifts, etc. because of sensitivity and, hence
‘sensitivity’, ‘shyness’
doicheallach, -aiche a 1. churlish, grudg-
ing, inhospitable 2. sensitive, shy (see
doicheall above)
□
bha i cho òg is cho
doicheallach she was so young and so
sensitive / shy
doichill, doicheall v begrudge, grudge,
boycott
□
bhiodh iadsan a’ doicheall
facail à cànainean eile they would boycott
words from other languages
□
chan ann ga
dhoicheall dhut a tha mi I’m not grudging
you it (lit. it is not at its grudging to you
that I am)
dòigh, -e, -ean nf agent, approach (to an
issue), art, fashion, form, guise, machin-
ery, manner, means, mechanism, method,
mode, practice, procedure, recipe, resort,
resource, scheme, system, technique, vein,
way
□
dòigh labhairt expression (way
of speaking), pronunciation
□
dòigh
(dèanamh) recipe
□
tha e a’ gabhail ris an
dòigh smaoineachaidh againne he is com-
ing round to our way of thinking
□
Dòigh
Mhic Alasdair Alexander Technique (sys-
tem of body awareness)
dòchasach 238
dòchasach, -aiche a expectant, hopeful,
prospective, sanguine
□
this word should
properly be applied to persons rather than
situations (see gealltanach)
□
tha sinn nas
dòchasaiche mun t-suidheachadh a-nis we
are more hopeful about the situation now
doctair nm doctor
□
see dotair
doibheart, -eairt, -an nf crime, iniquity,
misdeed, vice
□
a’ tionndadh gu doib-
heairt turning to crime
doicheall, -ill nm & vn of doichill grudging
etc., 1. churlishness, grudge, indisposi-
tion, unwillingness, resentment
□
tha
doicheall nam bochd ris na daoine
dòigh is often followed by air ⫹ inf
a way of (doing)
□
cha robh dòigh
againn air sin a dhèanamh we had no
way / means of doing that
□
cha b’
aithne dha dòigh eile air a bheòsh-
lainte a dhèanamh he knew no other
way to make his livelihood
□
’s e aon
dòigh air tuigsinn a leudachadh… one
way to increase understanding is…
□
cha robh ach an aon dòigh air an gab-
hadh sin a dhèanamh there was no
other way that could be done
□
note
also: chan eil dà dhòigh air there
aren’t two ways about it
air dòigh is one way of expressing ‘in
a way’: a bheil e ceart? ’s dòcha gu
bheil air dòigh is he right? perhaps he
is in a way
□
air an dòigh seo in this
manner / fashion
□
air an dòigh seo /
sin so therefore, thus adv
□
air dòigh
air choreigin somehow (or other)
□
air
dòigh sam bith in any way (with pre-
ceding neg ⫽ nowise, in no way etc.)
□
note also: rinn e seo air a leithid
a dhòigh is gun tug iad creideas dha
he did this in such a way that they
believed him
cuir air dòigh arrange, organize, put in
order, rectify, set up, sort, transact
□
thàinig iad air ais gus a chur air dòigh
they came back to set it up… is iad air
an cur air dòigh los gu mair iad ùine
mhòr … [and they] set up so that they
will last a long time
□
but note also:
nuair a bha e ga chur air a dhòigh san
leabaidh when he was being tucked up
in bed (when he was being ‘arranged’
in bed)
In some areas air dhòigh is used
instead of air dòigh for ‘in a way’: air
dhòigh air choreigin in some way or
other
□
cleachd na faclan seo air
dhòigh a nochdas am brìgh use these
words in a way that shows their
meaning
□
air dhòigh is gu … in such
a way that / so that…
□
dh’ fhàg e na
cùirteanan fosgailte air dhòigh is gun
robh e furasta dha an t- sràid fhaicinn
he left the curtains open so that it was
easy for him to see the street
When, however, ‘way’ is accompanied
by an adj (ann) an dòigh is used
instead of air dòigh / air dhòigh
□
ann
an dòigh aotrom in a lighthearted
manner
□
dòigh air dòigh-eigin in one
way or another
□
ann an aon dòigh gar
ceangal ri chèile, ann an dòigh eile a’
cur dealachadh eadarainn in one way
connecting us, in another way separat-
ing us
□
… agus gu math coltach ris
(ann) an iomadh dòigh … and quite
like him / similar to it etc. in many
ways
□
ga chur (ann) an dòigh eile to
put it another way
□
note also: ’s e rud
luachmhor a tha ann an saorsa ge b’ e
dòigh anns a bheil daoine ga sireadh
freedom is a precious thing however
men seek it
bi air do dhòigh 1. be pleased, happy
etc.
□
bha e air a dhòigh he was
pleased / happy / he was high (in spir-
its) / he was in his element
□
tha iad
air an dòigh they are pleased / happy
□
tha Màiri air a dòigh Mary is pleased
□
bha sinn air ar dòigh glan we were
completely pleased with ourselves / we
were thrilled / over the moon 2. be
comfortable, be well off
□
bha e gu
math air a dhòigh he was quite well
off / quite comfortably off
□
bha iad gu
dòigheil, -e a 1. comfortable, well-off
□
bha
mi a’ faireachdainn dòigheil I was feeling
comfortable
□
tha mi glè dhòigheil leam
fhèin anns an taigh seo I am very com-
fortable by myself in this house 2. appro-
priate, formal, fine, nice (the latter two in
a very general sense) decent, proper, satis-
factory, suitable
□
a’fulang le cion beatha
dòigheil suffering from (lit. by) a lack of
a decent life
□
cha robh biadh dòigheil aca
they didn’t have proper food
□
ciamar
a tha sibh? tha gu dòigheil how are you?
fine / doing nicely
□
cruthaichear structar
dòigheil an appropriate structure will be
developed
□
tha na cùrsaichean seo
dòigheil airson luchd-ionnsachaidh these
courses are suitable for beginners
□
chan
urrainn dhuinn cuideachadh dòigheil
fhaighinn we can’t get proper help
□
…
airson an obair seo a stèidheachadh gu
dòigheil … to set up this work properly
3. formal, structured
□
chan eil leasanan
dòigheil ann idir there are no formal
lessons at all
dòil nm dole
□
a dhol air an dòil to go on
the dole
doile, -ichean nf doll, dolly
doileag, -eige, -an nf doll, dolly
doilgheas, -eis nm affliction, grief, melan-
choly, mortification, sorrow
□
cuir doil-
gheas air mortify
□
bha seo na dhoilgheas
dha this was a mortification to him
doilgheasach, -aiche a burdensome,
dolorous, grievous, remorseful, sorrowful,
wretched
□
’s e cianalas trom doil-
gheasach an crannchur an-diugh [it is]
heavy, sorrowful dreariness [that] is
their lot today
□
’s e sin an co-dhùnadh as
239 doilgheasach
math air an dòigh they were quite
well off etc.
□
note also: bha e na
dhuine gun mòran dòigh he was a man
without much means
dòigh-beatha nf way of life, life-style
d.-labhairt nf 1. pronunciation 2. tone
d.-obrach nf approach (to a task)
modus operandi, technique
□
bidh iad
a’ cleachdadh caochladh dhòighean-
obrach they will employ a variety of
approaches d.-riaghlaidh nf regime
□
’s e dòigh-riaghlaidh seo anns a bheil
ana-ceartas agus làmhachas-làidir
this is a regime in which there is injus-
tice and tyranny
doilgheasaiche a chuala mi riamh that’s
the most dolorous conclusion (that) I’ve
ever heard
doille nf blindness, darkness
□
[ann] an
doille na h-oidhche in the darkness of the
night
doilleir, -e a dark, dim, dull, cloudy,
gloomy, murky, obscure, opaque
□
dèan
doilleir blur
doilleireachadh, -aidh nm & vn of
doilleirich dimming etc., dimness,
indistinctness
doilleireachd nf darkness, dimness,
obscurity
doilleirich, -eachadh v dim, make dim,
obfuscate
doimhne nf depth, a deep
□
an doimhne
the deep
□
air doimhne in depth, deep
□
tha e ochd òirlich air doimhne it is eight
inches in depth / deep
doimhne comp form of domhainn
□
ach
tha e a’dol nas doimhne na sin but it goes
deeper than that
doimhneachadh, -aidh nm & vn of
doimhnich deepening
doimhneachd nf depth, profundity tomhais
doimhneachd fathom v
□
feuch doimh-
neachd plumb
doimhnich, -eachadh v deepen
□
dhoimh-
nich iad an cala they deepened the
harbour
doineach, -iche a (also dòineach) sad, sor-
rowful
□
an là doineach ud that sad day
doineann, -inn, -ean nf hurricane, storm,
tempest
□
chaill daoine am beatha anns
an doininn people lost their lives in the
storm
doineannach, -aiche a stormy
□
na
gaothan doineannach the stormy winds
doineannachd nf storminess
doirbeag, -eige, -an nf minnow
doirbh, -e / dorra a difficult, dogged, hard
(to understand), rigid
□
bha cùisean glè
dhoirbh dhi things were very difficult for
her
□
na làithean doirbhe ud those diffi-
cult days
□
tha an leabhar seo doirbh
a chur sìos this book is difficult to
lay down
doire, -eachan nm/f clump of trees, grove,
thicket
□
doire chaltainn a hazel grove
□
am measg nan doireachan beithe among
the beech groves
□
doire dùmhail thicket
dòirt, dòrtadh v trans. / intrans pour, rain,
shed, shower, slop, spill, stream
□
dhòirt e
am bainne he spilled the milk
□
dhòirt an
t-uisge na thuiltean the rain poured in
torrents
□
bha solas na grèine a’ dòrtadh
a-steach air uinneig the sunlight was
pouring in through a window
□
dhòirt e
glainne mhòr uisge-bheatha he poured
a large glass of whisky
□
bha na faclan
a’dòrtadh às a bheul the words were pour-
ing out of his mouth
□
na beannachdan
a tha Dia a’ dòrtadh oirnn the blessings
God is pouring upon us
□
bu bheag leis na
daoine seo na dhòirteadh iad de fhuil
these people cared little how much blood
they spilled (lit. it was little with these
people what they might spill of blood)
dol nm indec & vn of irreg v rach going
etc., resort
□
dol air adhart advance,
carry-on (also dol-air-adhart)
□
dol air
aghaidh headway, process, carry-on (also
dol-air-aghaidh carry-on)
□
dol air ais
recession
□
dol a-mach exit, outset
□
bhon
chiad dol a-mach from the outset
□
ach, sa
chiad dol a-mach … but, at the outset …
□
dol a-steach entrance (going in), ingress
□
dol fodha setting (of sun)
□
dol mun cuairt
rotation
□
dol suas ascent
□
dol sìos sub-
sidence
□
cuir a dhol start (of engine)
□
dè
tha (a’) dol? chan eil mòran What’s
doing? nothing much
dol-air-adhart nm carry-on
dol-air-aghaidh nm carry-on
dola, -aichean nf doll
dolaidh nf detriment
□
rach a dholaidh go
to waste
□
cha robh pìos bidhe a rinn i a’
dol a dholaidh not a piece of food that she
made went to waste
□
tha biadh de gach
seòrsa a’ dol a dholaidh food of every
kind is going to waste
□
cuir a dholaidh
spoil, waste, squander
□
chuir iad an
airgead a dholaidh they squandered their
money
□
cha leig e am fiodh a dholaidh he
won’t let the wood go to waste
□
cha
dèanadh iad ach a dhol a dholaidh they
would only go to waste
dolaidheil, -e a detrimental
dolair, -ean nm dollar
dòlasach, -aiche a melancholy
□
sheall i
orm leis na sùilean mòra dòlasach aice
she looked at me with her large, melan-
choly eyes
dom rel pron or prep poss adj (see do prep)
dom, -a / duim nm gall bladder
domblas, -ais nm
□
always def – an
domblas bile, biliousness, gall
□
mar an
domblas air a theanga like [the] bile on
his tongue
domblasach, -aiche a bilious
dòmhail, -e a
□
see dùmhail
domhainn, doimhne a deep (physically /
mentally), profound, recondite, thorough
doille 240
□
dh’fhàg seo làrach domhainn air [a]
inntinn this left a deep impression on his
mind
□
a’ fuasgladh nan imcheistean as
doimhne solving the most profound prob-
lems
□
… ’s esan na dhuine domhainn
smaointeachail… [and he being] a deep,
thoughtful man
domhan, -ain nm universe, world (rare in
this latter sense now except in such
phrases as an Domhan Ùr the New World
□
nar mothachadh den domhan in our
consciousness of the universe
domhan-fhad nm longitude d.-leud nm
latitude (geog.) d.-loidhne nf meridian
domhanas, -ais nm leisure
domhanta a global
dòmhlachadh, -aidh nm & vn of dòm-
hlaich thickening etc., lodgement
dòmhlachd nf grossness, thickness
□
dòmhlachd (sluaigh) jam (of people,
traffic), thickness
dòmhlaich, -achadh v 1. thicken, become
thicker, contract
□
bha an ceò a’ dòmh-
lachadh the mist was thickening 2. crowd,
huddle, jam, thicken, throng
□
tha mi sgìth
de thràighean a tha air an dòmhlachadh
I’m tired of beaches that are crowded /
crowded beaches
□
bha muinntir a’ bhaile
a’dòmhlachadh ri chèile the people of the
town were crowding together
dòmhladas, -ais nm throng
dona, miosa a bad, ill, naughty
□
chan
fhaca mi e a-riamh cho dona ri seo I have
never seen him as bad as this
□
na gabh gu
dona e don’t take it badly
□
chan eil mi cho
dona dheth idir I’m not so badly off (at all)
□
bha an rathad sin dona ach tha am fear
seo nas miosa that road was bad but this
one is worse
□
sometimes dona is used as
a noun
□
anns an naoidheamh linn deug
chaidh dona gu nas miosa in the nine-
teenth century things went from bad to
worse (lit. bad went to worse)
donas, -ais nm 1. mischief, harm, hurt
□
ma
nì e sin gheibh e a dhonas! if he does that,
he’ll get it!
□
fhuair e a dhonas he got it
(in the neck) etc. 2. an Donas the Devil,
Satan
□
’s e an Donas fhèin a th’ann! it’s
the Devil himself! [that’s in it]
□
dè ’n
donas …? what the deuce …?
donn, -adh v brown, make brown, become
brown
donn, duinne a brown, brown-coloured,
brown-haired, brunette, russet
□
tè dhonn
brunette
□
nighean le sùilean mòra donna
a girl with big brown eyes
□
earball na
làire duinne the tail of the brown mare
□
na h-eich dhonna agus dhubha the brown
and black horses
□
nighean donn a brown-
haired girl
□
note that donn is not lenited
here because of a rule that t or d should
not len after n
□
this rule, however, is fre-
quently broken now e.g. mòran dhaoine
many people
donn-ruadh a bay (colour) d.-uaine
a olive (colour)
donnachadh, -aidh nm & vn of donnaich
browning etc.
donnadh, -aidh nm & vn of donn
browning etc.
donnaich, -achadh v brown, make brown,
become brown
donnal, -ail, -an nm howl
□
dèan donnal
howl v
donnalaich nf howling
□
chluinnteadh don-
nalaich nam madaidhean-allaidh the
howling of the wolves was heard
donnalaich, donnalaich v howl
□
bha na
madaidhean-allaidh a’ donnalaich the
wolves were howling
dòrainn, -e nf agony, anguish, misery
□
…
mar gum biodh iad a’fulang dòrainn…as
if they were suffering anguish
dòrainneach, -iche a dreary, tormented, in
agony, in anguish
□
bha e goirt dòrain-
neach he was painful and tormented
doras, -ais, dorais / dorsan nm door, valve
(of the heart)
□
doras mòr front door, main
entrance
□
prìomh dhoras main entrance
□
doras teichidh loophole
□
o dhoras gu
doras from door to door
□
làmh an dorais
the door-handle / door-knob
□
clag an
dorais the door-bell
□
leac an dorais the
doorstep
□
sheas i air leac an dorais she
stood on the doorstep
□
cò tha aig an
doras? who is at the door?
□
cò tha a’gno-
gadh aig an doras? who is knocking at the
door?
□
note that aig is not always used
□
tha iad uile a’ gnogadh nan aon dorsan
they are all knocking at the same doors
doras-beòil nm front door
□
bha iuchair
aige airson an dorais-bheòil he had a key
for the front door d.-mòr nm front door
d.-taoibh nm side door
□
thàinig iad
a-steach air doras-taoibh they came in
through a side door
dorch a
□
a common alternative form of
dorcha
dorcha, duirche a black, dark, dusky, inky,
murky, sable, sombre
□
na Linntean
Dorcha the Dark Ages
□
tha e a’ fàs dor-
cha it is getting dark
dorchadas, -ais nm darkness
□
cha b’
urrainn dha càil fhaicinn anns an
241 dorchadas