Colin Mark. The Gaelic-English Dictionary/Гэльско-английский словарь

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dùrachdach, -aiche a assiduous, eager,

earnest, fervent, keen, sedulous, sincere

□

tha èifeachd mhòr ann an ùrnaigh

dhùrachdaich there is a great effect in

earnest prayer

□

chan eil teagamh

nach eil thu dùrachdach nad bheachd

there’s no doubt that you are sincere

in your opinion (note that the neg is

frequently used after teagamh)

□

nochd

e nàdar caidireach dùrachdach he

demonstrated an affectionate, sincere

nature

□

gu dùrachdach dh’iarr mi

maitheanas sincerely I begged forgiveness

□

… ’s gach fear dhiubh dùrachdach

fortan a dhèanamh dheth…and each

one of them eager to make a fortune

from it

dùradan, -ain, -an nm mote, particle of

dust etc.

dùraig, -eadh v 1. wish, desire

□

cha robh

duine nach dùraigeadh olc dha there

wasn’t a man who didn’t wish him ill

2. dare, venture

□

shuidh iad cho dlùth air

an teintein ’s a dhuraigeadh iad they sat as

close to the hearth as they dared

durcais, -e, -ean nf pincers, pliers,

nippers

durcan, -ain, -ain nm (pine) cone

dùrd, -ùird nm any small sound

□

air nach

cluinnear dùrd an-diugh about which

there isn’t heard a ‘cheep’ today

dùrdail, -e nf cooing, murmur, murmuring

□

dèan dùrdail coo

dùrdalan, -ain, -ain nm cockchafer

durrag, -aige, -an nf worm

durranta a churlish, obstinate

dùsal, -ail nm doze, nap, slumber

□

dèan

dùsal snooze

□

tha iad a’ dùsgadh a-nise

às an dùsal a thàinig orra they are now

awakening from the slumber which came

upon them

dusan, -ain nm dozen

□

usually itself in

the sing, is followed by a sing noun

□

dusan ugh a dozen eggs

□

chunnaic

mi dusan faoileag mharbh I saw

a dozen dead seagulls

□

dà dhusan dheug

a gross

dùsgadh, -aidh, -aidhean nm & vn of

dùisg awakening etc., evocation, revival

(in a relig. sense)

□

tha dùsgaidhean o àm

gu àm a cur ri àireamh buill na h-eaglais

revivals from time to time add to the num-

ber of church members

□

the expressions

nam dhùsgadh, nad dhùsgadh etc. are

used in the same way as dùisg, nam

dhùisg, nad dhùisg etc. above

duslach, -aich nm dust, remains (corpse)

□

duslach (niùclach) (nuclear) fallout

□

bha

am bòrd salach le duslach the table was

ﬁlthy with dust

duslachail, -e a dusty

dust nm dust (ﬁne particles / corpse)

dustach, -aiche a dusty

dustaig, -eadh v dust

dustair, -ean nm duster

□

bha dustair aice

na làimh she had a duster in her hand

dùth, -a a 1. natural, hereditary, native

□

cha dùth do dhuine a bhith air a chumail

a-staigh mar sin it isn’t natural for a man

to be kept inside like that

□

is dùth do

neach a ghnè fhèin a shireadh it’s natural

for one to seek one’s own kind i.e. birds

of a feather ﬂock together 2. ﬁtting, proper

□

… agus, mar bu dùth … … and, as is ﬁt-

ting …

□

is dùth dha gu bheil … it is ﬁtting

for him that …

dùthaich, dùthcha, dùthchannan nf coun-

try, countryside, land

□

Na Dùthchannan

Aonaichte the United Nations

□

air an

dùthaich in the country(side)

□

cha robh

sinn fada anns an dùthaich mun do

thachair e rinn we weren’t in the country

(⫽ land) long before we met him (lit. he

met to us – see tachair)

□

chan eil mòran

dhùthchannan eile a tha cho breàgha rithe

there aren’t many other countries which

are as beautiful as it

dùthchail, -e a country, local, rustic,

rural

□

na bailtean dùthchail the rural

villages

dùthchas, -ais nm heredity, instinct, nation-

ality

□

thèid dùthchas an aghaidh nan

creag heredity tells (proverb –

lit. heredity goes against the rocks)

□

canaidh daoine dùthchas ris an rud do-

fhaicsinneach seo men call this invisible

thing instinct

dùthchasach, -aiche a endemic, heredi-

tary, indigenous, instinctive, natural,

native, traditional, vernacular

□

seo cànan

a tha dùthchasach do Alba this is a lan-

guage which is indigenous to Scotland

□

… rud a tha dùthchasach dhomh…

something which is natural to me

□

tha e

nas dùthchasaiche do dh’ Alba na ceòl

sam bith eile it is more indigenously

Scottish than any other music

dùthchasach, -aich, -aich nm native

dùthchasail a indigenous, national, native

□

see also dùthchasach

□

b’esan am fear-

labhairt dùthchasail mu-dheireadh he was

the last native speaker

dùrachdach 252

E, e

e pers pron he, him, it masc

□

e fhèin

himself, itself masc

□

tha e he is

□

bha e

he was

□

… a rinn e … that he made /

did

□

chunnaic mi e I saw him

□

made

emphatic by the sufﬁx -san

□

cha b’esan a

b’fheàrr a rinn it wasn’t he who did best

eabar, -air nm mire, mud, silt, sludge

□

bha

na taighean air an cuairteachadh le eabar

the houses were surrounded by mud

eabar-sgiath nf mudguard

eabarach, -aiche a muddy

□

thuit e ann an

clais eabarach he fell into a muddy ditch

Eabhra nf Hebrew (lang.)

Eabhrach, -aich, -aich nm Hebrew

Eabhrach a Hebrew

eacarsaich, -ean nf exercise

□

eacarsaich

aireobach aerobic exercise

□

eacar-

saichean mapaidh map exercises

each, eich, eich nm horse

□

air muin eich

on horseback

□

gaoisid eich

□

sean each

jade (old horse)

□

each rèidh hackney

(horse)

each-aibhne nm hippopotamus e.-cogaidh

nm war-horse

□

is ann air each-cogaidh a

bha e a’marcachd he was riding on a war-

horse e.-iarainn nm old-fashioned name

for railway engine or bicycle i.e. ‘iron-

horse’ e.-mara nm walrus

□

e.uisge water

horse, ‘kelpie’

eachan, -ain, -ain / -an nm smooth cockle

eachdraiche, -ean nm historian

eachdraidh, -e, -ean nf chronicle, history

□

eachdraidh mhartarach martyrology

□

eachdraidh beatha biography

□

eachdraidh

bhliadhnail annals

eachdraidheach a chronological

eachdraidheil a historical

□

eaglaisean

eachdraidheil historical churches

eachraidh nf cavalry, horsemen

eachtradh, -aidh, -aidhean nm adventure

□

is ann an sin a thòisich an t-eachtradh it

was then that the adventure began

eachtrannach.-aiche a adventurous

□

bha

an turas seo cho eachtrannach ri fear a

leugh mi mu a dheidhinn this journey was

as adventurous as any that I have read

about (lit. read about it)

eaconomach, -aiche a economic

eaconomachd nf economics

eaconomaidh nm economy

eaconomair, -ean nm economist

eacsama nf eczema

eactodairm nm ectoderm

eactodairmeach a ectodermal

Eadailteach, -ich, -ich nm Italian

Eadailteach a Italian, italic (typ.)

□

ann an

clò eadailteach in italics

Eadailtis nf Italian (lang.)

eadar prep⫹ acc 1. between

□

eadar

a’chlach agus a’ chraobh between the

stone and the tree

□

eadar na bal-

lachan between the walls

□

eadar mi

fhìn is tu fhèin between you and me

□

eadar fealla dhà is da-rìreadh between

joking and earnest

□

eadar e is an

solas between him and the light

□

eadar cadal is dùsgadh between sleep-

ing and waking

□

bha mu chòig

troighean eadar mi ’s am fear a bha

romham there were about ﬁve feet

between me and the man who was in

front of me

□

eadar gach rud a th’ann

(a bh’ann) between one thing and

another / taking one thing with another

The prep prons are formed thus:-

eadarainn between us eadaraibh

between you pl & polite eatorra

between them

□

bha balla cloiche

eadarainn there was a stone wall

between us

□

leigibh leis a’ phàiste

suidhe eadaraibh let the child sit

between you

□

cha robh ach ochd

troighean eatorra there was only eight

feet between them

The emphatic forms of the above

are:- eadarainne, eadaraibhse, eator-

rasan 2. eadar A– agus B– both

A– and B–, partly A– partly B–

□

lenites both nouns

□

eadar bheag agus

mhòr both great and small (lit. both

small and great)

□

eadar mhath is olc

both good and evil 3. eadar gu…

whether…or

□

eadar gu bheil iad nan

tidsearan, nan dotairean, nan luchd-

lagha whether they are teachers, doc-

tors or lawyers

□

eadar gun robh no

nach robh iad a’ creidsinn seo …

whether they believed this or not

□

…

eadar gu bheil iad ag aideachadh an

t-suidheachaidh no nach eil … whether

they acknowledge the situation or not

eadar- pref⫽ inter-

eadar-a-chor / eadar-dhà-chor adv in

two minds

□

bha mi eadar-a-chor co-

dhiù dh’fhalbhainn no dh’fhuirichinn

I was in two minds whether I should go

or stay e.-aisneis nf parenthesis e.-

atharraich v differentiate e.-charadh

nm metathesis e.-cheangal nm

intercom, communications

□

thàinig

òrduighean tron eadar-cheangal

orders came through the intercom

e.-cheangail a communication

□

…

ann an goireasan-siubhail is an

goireasan eadar-cheangail … in trans-

port and [in] communication facilities

e.-cheangal nm communications e.-

chrasg nm interchange e.-dhealachadh

nm contrast, difference, differentia-

tion, discrimination, distinction

□

chòir eadar-dhealachadh a dhèanamh

eadar … agus … we must differentiate

between … and … (lit. a difference

must be made etc.)

□

dè an t-eadar-

dhealachadh a tha eadar na tha esan

ag ràdh agus na tha ise ag ràdh?

what’s the difference between what he

is saying and what she is saying?

e.-dhealaich v contrast, differ, dis-

criminate distinguish, separate

e.-dhealaichte pp different, distinc-

tive, unlike, separated (⫹ ri(s) / bho

from)

□

bha e eadar-dhealaichte ri bal-

aich eile he was different from other

boys

□

bha dòighean eadar-

dhealaichte gu bhith air an cleachdadh

different methods were to be employed

□

bha an taigh seo eadar-dhealaichte

bhon chuid mhòir de thaighean eile

anns a’ bhaile this house was different

from the majority of [the] other houses

in the town

□

…a bha tur eadar-

dhealaichte ris na h-einnseanan air am

b’eòlach esan…which were com-

pletely different from the engines with

which he was familiar

□

chan eil e

mòran eadar-dhealaichte ri bainne bà

ri amharc air it isn’t much different

from cow’s milk to look at [it]

□

le cud-

throm eadar-dhealaichte with different

weightings e.-eileanach a inter-island

□

na bàtaichean eadar-eileanach the

inter-island boats e.-eisimeileachd nf

interdependence e.-fhigh v interweave

□

tha iad air an eadar-fhighe they

are interwoven e.-fhighe nm & vn

of e.-fhigh interweaving etc., tissue

e.-fhigheachd nf texture e.-fhighte pp

interwoven e.-fhillteachd nf complex-

ity e.-ghabhail nm intervention

e.-ghinte a inbred e.-ghnè nf mongrel

□

’s e eadar-ghnè a bha innte she was

a mongrel e.-ghnè a mongrel

□

bha cù

eadar-ghnè aig a shàil there was

a mongrel dog at his heels e.-ghreis nf

interval, meantime

□

anns an eadar-

ghreis in the meantime e.-ghuidh v

intercede e.-ghuidhe nm/f & vn of

e.-ghuidh interceding etc., interces-

sion, mediation

□

dèan eadar-ghuidhe

intercede

□

rinn iad eadar-ghuidhe às

a leth they interceded on his / her

behalf e.-lìneadh nm interlineation

e.-lìnich v interline e.-mheadhanach

a intermediate, mid

□

bha e air a bhith

a’frithealadh clas eadar-mheadhanaich

he had been attending an intermediate

class

□

aig ìre eadar-mheadhanach

at an intermediate level e.-

mheadhanair, -ean nm intermediary,

mediator e.-mheasgte pp diverse

e.-nàiseanta a (see eadarnàiseanta)

e.-oibreachadh nm & vn of e.-oibrich

interacting etc., interaction

□

tha an

t-eadar-oibreachadh eadar duine is

duine an urra ri … the interaction

between man and man depends on …

□

’s e cruth eadar-oibreachaidh a tha air

an CD-ROM the CD-ROM has an

interactive format e.-oibrich v interact

e.-oilthigheach a inter-university

□

chuir iad air chois bòrd eadar-

oilthigheach they set up an inter-

university board e.-ràdh nm parenthesis

e.-reultach a interstellar e.-sgaoil v

dissolve (of matter) e.-sgaoileachd nf

solubility e.-sgaoileadh nm dissolu-

tion (of matter), solution ( mixture

of solute and solvent)

□

eadar-

sgaoileadh salainn salt solution

e.-sgar v dissociate, disunite e.-sgaradh

nm & vn of e.-sgar disunite etc., dis-

unity e.-sgaraich v analyse (gram.)

e.-sgeul nm episode e.-sholas nm dusk,

twilight

□

anns an eadar-sholas in the

twilight e.-theangachadh nm & vn of

e.-theangaich translating etc., transla-

tion, version

□

feumaidh iad eadar-

theangachadh a dhèanamh gu Beurla

air an litreachas they must make

a translation to English of their literature

e.-theangaich v do into (a language),

translate

□

eadar-theangaich bho

Eadailtis 254

eadarach a interim, intervening

□

aithisg

eadarach an interim report

□

anns a’

cheàrnaig eadaraich in the intervening

square

eadarnàiseanta a international

□

nàiseanta is gu h-eadarnàiseanta nationally

and internationally

èadhar, -air nf air

èadhar-dhìonach a airtight

èadharachadh nm & vn of èadharaich

aerating, aeration

èadharag, -aig nf light air (of wind

conditions)

èadharaich, -achadh v aerate

eadhon adv even

□

bha an t-iasg eadhon na

bu phailte na an fheòil ﬁsh was even more

plentiful than meat

□

… eadhon nuair a

tha sinn nar naoidheanan … even when

we are babies

□

eadhon ged a dh’fhaodas

e bhith … even though it may be…

□

ead-

hon mar a bha, bha amharas beag aige air

cùl [a] inntinn even so, he had a small sus-

picion at the back of his mind (lit. even as

it was etc.)

□

bha iad ro lag eadhon airson

èirigh they were too weak even to rise

èadhradair, -ean nm ventilator

eadradh, -aidh nm milking time

eadraiginn nf interference, intervention,

mediation

□

dèan eadraiginn mediate

□

thig / rach san eadraiginn interfere, inter-

vene

□

cha tig e san eadraiginn he won’t

interfere

eag, eige, eagan nf groove, hack, jag, nick,

notch

eagach, -aiche a jaggy, serrated

eagaich, -achadh v hack, indent, jag, nick,

notch

oirnne our ancestors had the same

fears as we have

tha eagal orm ro (⫹ dat or a prep pron

of ro) I am afraid of / I am scared of /

I am frightened of etc.

□

bha eagal

orra ro na madaidhean-allaidh they

were afraid of (the) wolves (i.e. the

wolves in question or wolves in gen-

eral)

□

tha eagal oirre roimhe she is

afraid of him / it masc (lit. there is fear

on her before him / it)

□

bha barrachd

eagail airsan romhamsa na bha ormsa

roimhesan he was more afraid of me

than I was of him

□

bha eagal mo

bheatha orm roimhe sin / mu dheid-

hinn sin I had a dread of that / with

regard to that

gabh eagal take fright, get a fright

□

leis

an eagal a ghabh iad le chèile with the

scare they both got (lit. took)

fo eagal afraid, in fear

□

… far an robh

iad fo eagal gun tigeadh nàimhdean

orra gun fhios … where they were

afraid that enemies would come upon

them unexpectedly

□

cuir fo eagal cow

air eagal gu for fear that / lest

□

air

eagal gun saoil sibh … for fear that /

lest you will think …

cuir eagal air scare

□

cha robh e cho

mòr ’s gun cuireadh e eagal air pàiste

it wasn’t so big that it would frighten

a child

□

cuir dearg eagal air petrify

□

chuir am mathan dearg eagal orra the

bear petriﬁed them

□

bha seo a’ cur

dearg eagal mo bheatha orm this was

putting me in fear of my life

255 eaglais

Ghàidhlig gu Beurla translate from

Gaelic to English e.-theangair nm

translator e.-ùine nf interval

eagal, -ail, -ail / -an nm fear, fearful-

ness, fright, terror

□

gun eagal fearless

tha eagal orm I am afraid (both literally

and in apology)

□

chan eil gin agam

tha eagal orm I haven’t any, I’m afraid

□

bha eagal orm gun robh nì air chor-

eigin a’ dol a thachairt dha I was

afraid something was going to happen

to him

□

note also:- bha na h-aon

eagalan air ar sinnsearan ’s a tha

eagalach, -aiche a afraid, alarming, appre-

hensive, atrocious, awful, dire, dreadful,

fearful, formidable, frightful, grisly, lurid,

outrageous, terrible, timorous, tremendous

eagar, -air nm array, formation, order

□

gun

eagar unsystematic

□

cuir an eagar put in

order

eagarachadh, -aidh nm & vn of eagaraich

putting in order etc.

eagaraich, -achadh v edit, order, put in order

eagaraichte pp edited, ordered

□

ﬁos-

rachadh eagaraichte ordered information

eagarra a precise

□

uidheaman eagarra

precise instruments

eag-eòlas nm ecology

eaglais, -e, -ean nf church, kirk

□

Eaglais

na h-Alba the Church of Scotland

□

Eaglais Shaor (Chlèireach) the Free

(Presbyterian) Church

□

an Eaglais

Chaitligeach the Catholic Church

□

Eaglais Easbaigeach the Episcopal

Church

□

an Eaglais Choithionalach the

Congregational Church

□

anns an eaglais

in church / at church

□

chan fhaca mi thu

anns an eaglais an-diugh I didn’t see you

at church today (note that, in common

with sgoil school aig is not used for ‘at’

church. Instead one says ‘in the church, in

the school’)

□

bha dà mhinistear à eaglais

na h-Alba aig a’ choinneimh there were

two Church of Scotland ministers at the

meeting

□

tha e air a chleachdadh mar

thalla na h-eaglaise it is used as the

church hall

□

an Eaglais Bhreac Falkirk

□

Blàr na h-Eaglaise Brice the Battle of

Falkirk

eaglaise a church

□

tha e eòlach ann an

gnothaichean eaglaise he is knowledge-

able in church matters

eaglaiseil a ecclesiastical

□

eachdraidh

eaglaiseil ecclesiastical history

eagnaidh a pointed (of argument),

accurate, precise, subtle

eagnaidheachd nf exactness, sharpness (of

mind), subtlety, wisdom, prudence

□

bha

feum air eagnaidheachd there was a need

for subtlety / wisdom / prudence

□

thaghadh e airson eagnaidheachd he was

chosen for his sharpness of mind etc.

eagrachadh, -aidh, -aidhean nm & vn

of eagraich organizing etc., organization

□

bha iad an sàs anns na h-eagrachaid-

hean seo they were operating in these

organisations

eagrachaidh a organizational

□

sgilean

eagrachaidh organisational skills

eagraich, -achadh v organize

□

dh’ea-

graich iad feasgar fosgailte they organized

an open evening

eagraiche, -ean nm organiser

eagraichear, -eir, -an nm organiser

eagran, -ain, -ain nm edition

□

an dèidh an

dara eagrain after the second edition

eala, -achan nf swan

□

an eala bhàn the

white swan (also the title of a song)

eala-bhuidhe nf hypericum, St. John’s wort

ealachainn nf

□

see ealchainn

èalachas, -ais nm escapism

èaladair, -ean nm prowler

èaladh, -aidh nm & vn of èalaidh

crawling etc.

ealag, -aig, -an nf block

èalaidh, èalaidh / èaladh v 1. crawl, creep,

ﬂit, prowl, sneak

□

èalaidh às elude

□

dh’èalaidh e gu samhach a-null chun an

dorais he crept quietly across to the door

□

dh’fheuch e ri èaladh a-steach tron fhos-

gladh bheag he tried to crawl in through

the small opening 2. stalk

□

bha na lon-

gan-fo-mhuir seo ag èaladh nan cabhlach

these submarines were stalking the ﬂeets

ealaidh, -ean nf lyric

èalaidheach, -iche a elusive, truant

ealain, -e, -ean nf art, workmanship

□

note

that, though the pl is given as ealainean in

Dwelly, it is nowadays usually ealain and

that the gen pl is also ealain, contrary to

the general rule

□

saoghal nan ealain the

world of the arts

□

’s e obair ealaine a tha

ann it’s a work of art

□

tha adhartas mòr

air tighinn anns na h-ealain great progress

has occurred in the arts

□

ealain reu-

sanachaidh logic

□

ealain sgrìobhaidh

penmanship

□

deuchainn ealain scientiﬁc

experiment

ealain-lann nf (art) gallery

ealamh, -aimhe a apt, deft, expert, imme-

diate, nimble, quick, ready, swift

□

bha e

ealamh ann an alt na h-obrach a thogail

he was quick in picking up the knack of

the work

□

thug i sùil ealamh air she gave

him a quick glance

□

thàinig an cù air ais

gu h-ealamh the dog returned readily

ealanta a artistic, skilled, expert, masterly

□

ann an sgrìobhadh ealanta in artistic

writing

□

leabhar ùr o a pheann ealanta

a new book from his skilled pen

□

tha na

puirt air an rianachadh gu h-ealanta the

tunes are expertly arranged

ealantachd nf ingenuity, expertness

ealantair, -ean nm artiﬁcer, artisan

ealantas, -ais nm artistry

ealchainn nf 1. armoury 2. peg 3. rack

(storage)

ealdhain / ealdhanta etc.—

□

see ealain /

ealanta etc.

ealla nm watching

□

bha iad a’ gabhail

ealla ris they were watching him / taking

stock of him

□

a’ gabhail ealla ri suid-

heachaidhean na sgìre taking into account

local circumstances

eallach, -aich, -aichean nm/f burden, load,

pack

□

thàinig e le eallach air a dhruim

he came with a load on his back

□

is trom

an t-eallach an t-aineolas ignorance is

a heavy burden (same as uallach)

ealt, -a, -an nf covey, ﬂight of birds

□

chun-

naic sinn ealt de na h-eòin seo an-raoir we

saw a covey of these birds last night

ealta nf ﬂock (birds)

□

same as ealt

ealtainn, -e nf 1. razor 2. same as ealt

eaglaise 256

eanach-gàraidh nf endive

eanchainn, -e, -ean nf brain

□

chan eil

an eanchainnean cho mòr ri ar

n-eanchainnean-ne their brains aren’t as

big as our brains

□

tha eanchainn mhath

aige he has a good brain / he is brainy

□

cuir eanchainn à brain v

eanchainneach a of, belonging to or

pertaining to the brain, cerebral

eangarra a bad-natured

□

chuala mi cnead

eangarra a’tighinn às I heard a bad-natured

grunt coming from him

eang, -a, -an nf gusset, inset

eanraich, -e, -ean nf broth, soup

eapagram, -aim, -an nm epigram

eapagramach a epigrammatic

ear nf east

□

often used along with àirde

thus: an àirde an ear the east The compass

directions in Gaelic are quite complicated,

so a special section has been devoted to

this subject in App. 9

□

an Ear the Orient

□

an ear / on ear easterly

ear-dheas, an ear-dheas nf south-east

E.-Mheadhanach a Middle East An

E.-Mheadhanach nf the Middle East an

e.-thuath nf northeast (for the correct

usage see App. 9)

earail, earalach, -aichean nf 1. encourage-

ment

□

… a thug dhomh earail agus

cuideachadh… who gave [to] me encour-

agement and help

□

feumaidh iad earail

a thoirt airson a’ Ghàidhlig a bhith air

a teagasg they must give encouragement

for [the] Gaelic to be taught 2. caution,

warning

□

fhuair iad uile earail gheur they

all received a sharp warning

earailteach, -iche a warning

□

ann an guth

earailteach in a warning voice

earalach, -aiche a exhorting, hortatory

earalachadh, -aidh nm & vn of earalaich

exhorting etc., exhortation

earalaich, -achadh v enjoin, exhort,

remonstrate, warn

□

chaidh an ear-

alachadh gun dragh a chur air they were

warned not to bother him

earalas, -ais nm caution, foresight, precau-

tion

□

feumaidh tu bhith nad earalas you

must be cautious / be on your guard

□

cuir

air earalas forewarn

□

air an earalas as a

precaution, to make sure

earar, an earar the day after tomorrow

□

tha còir agad a bhith a-mach às a seo an

earar you must be out of here the day after

tomorrow

earb, -a, -an nf roe deer

earb, earbsadh v 1. (⫹ à) charge, commit,

trust, depend on (someone), rely

□

h-earb às a sin do not trust in that

□

ear-

baibh à Dia trust in God 2. (⫹ ri) conﬁde

in, entrust

□

bha aon duine ris an earbadh

e an obair there was one man to whom he

could entrust the task

□

b’ann ri Mairead

a dh’earbadh seo a thoirt gu buil it was to

Margaret that it was enrusted to put this

into effect

□

dh’earbadh ris an doras

a chumail dùinte it was entrusted to him

to keep the door closed

□

… ris an do

dh’earb e e fhèin … to whom he entrusted

himself

earball, -aill, -aill nm tail

□

ghabh e grèim

air earball a’ chait he grabbed the cat’s

tail

□

tha car na h-earball there’s a twist in

the tail (lit. in its fem tail – with reference

to sgeulachd nf story)

□

cha robh aca

air ach an t-earball a leigeil leis a’

chraiceann there was nothing for it but to

let go completely / give up

earba nf

□

see earb nf

earbsa nf charge, conﬁdence, faith (trust),

reliance, trust

□

chan eil uidhir sin

a dh’earbsa agam annta I don’t have that

much faith in them

□

cha deach a-riamh

uiread earbsa ann an soithich sam bith ’s

a chuir sinn anns a’bhàta bheag ud never

was so much trust put in any vessel as we

put in that little boat

□

cuir earbsa ann

depend on (someone)

□

tha e a’ sgrìob-

hadh le earbsa agus abaichead ùr he is

writing with a new conﬁdence and a new

maturity

□

tha mi an earbsa gu / nach

I trust that / that … not …tha mi an earbsa

gun soirbhich cùisean leat I trust that

things go well with you

earbsach, -aiche a 1. conﬁdent 2. reliable

□

thuirt e gun robh an t-seirbhis seo earb-

sach agus saor he said that this service

was reliable and cheap

earchall, -aill nm great loss, calamity

èarleas nm advance (money), earnest

□

thoir èarlas advance (money)

□

see àirleas

eàrr nm/f tail

eàrr-

Most of the compounds below are based on

the meaning ‘tail’ but eàrr-bhruich (also

spelt earr-bhruich / earra-bhruich is

based upon an intensive particle er-

(cf. earraghlòir below), and eàrr-

thalmhainn may be a variation of the

alternative name athair-thalmhainn

(earth-father) with the ﬁrst element inﬂu-

enced by the English word ‘yarrow’

eàrr-bhruich v seethe, simmer, stew

e.-dhubh nf wane (of the moon)

□

tha a’

ghealach san eàrr-dhubh the moon is on

257 eàrr-bhruich

the wane e.-dhubh a waning

□

a’ghealach

eàrr-dhubh the waning moon e.-ite nf tail-

feather e.-nota nf footnote e.-ràdh nm

appendix (of book) e.-sgriobhadh nm

postscript e.-thalmhainn nf yarrow, milfoil

earrach, -aich nm spring (season)

□

t-earrach (also san earrach) in (the) spring

□

[ann] an àm an earraich in springtime

earradh, -aidh, -aidhean nm garb, habit,

raiment

Earraghaidhealach, -aich, -aich nm per-

son from Argyll

□

na h-Earraghaidhealaich

the people of Argyll / the Argylls (the

regiment)

earraghlòir, -e nf bombast

earraghlòireach, -iche a bombastic

earraich a vernal

earraid, -ean nm 1. herald 2. sheriff ofﬁcer

earraideas, -eis nm heraldry

earrann-ainn, -an / -ean nf act (play), area

(part of …), branch (portion, part), canto,

compartment, dividend, extract (of text

etc.), instalment, piece, passage (of text

etc.), portion, proportion, share, section,

stave (of music), stint, verse

□

earrann èis-

teachd listening comprehension passage

□

earrann-mapa map extract

□

earrann

(sgrìobhaidh) paragraph

□

tha an cruin-

neachadh air a roinn na earrannan the

collection is divided into sections

□

bha

earrann aca le chèile anns a’ bhàta they

both had a share in the boat

□

chan eil a

sin ach earrann dha na tha ri tighinn that

is only a part of what is to come

earranta a limited (of a company)

earras, -ais nm goods, property, wealth

□

sin an latha a reiceadh earras Dhòmhnaill

that was the day that Donald’s property

was sold

eas, -a, -an nm cascade, cataract, fall,

waterfall

□

eas muilinn a mill race

□

eas a’

mhuilinn the mill race

eas- pref signifying ‘dis-’ etc.

eas-aonachd nf disunity e.-aonadh nm dis-

sension

□

chuala sinn guth an eas-aon-

aidh we heard the voice of dissension

e.-aonta nf disagreement, discordance,

dissent, friction

□

bha eas-aonta mhòr

eatorra they differed / disagreed greatly

e.-aontach a disagreeable, discordant,

dissentient e.-aontachd nf discord, dis-

agreement, friction

□

bha iad air sìol na

h-eas-aontachd a chur they had sown the

seeds of discord

□

seo an t-slighe gu

eas-aontachd this is the path to discord

□

eas-aontachd (eaglais) schism e.-aontaich

v disagree, dissent

□

bha iad ag

eas-aontachadh ris na britheamhan they

disagreed with the judges e.-aontaire nm

dissenter e.-aontas nm (same as

e.-aontachd) e.-bhuannachd nf disad-

vantage e.-còrdadh nm rupture e.-onair

nf dishonour

□

chaidh an eas-onair a

dhèanamh orra they were dishonoured

e.-onaireach a dishonest, dishonourable

□

chan fhaca mi riamh duine cho

eas-onaireach ris I have never seen such

a dishonourable man as he

□

bha e a’meas

dol-a-mach dhen t-seòrsa sin gu math eas-

onaireach he considered conduct of that

sort quite dishonourable e.-onarach a

(see e.-onaireach) e.-tharraing nf

export

□

cìs eas-tharraing export duty

e.-tharraing v export e.-ùmhail a disobe-

dient

□

bi eas-ùmhail do disobey

e.-ùmhlachd nf disobedience

□

cha b’ann

tro eas-ùmhlachd ach tro dhìorras it was

not through disobedience but through zeal

e.-urram nm dishonour, disgrace, disre-

spect, irreverence

□

cuir an eas-urram

disgrace, dishonour

□

bha iad air an

cur an eas-urram they were disgraced /

dishonoured e.-urramach a irreverent

easag, -aige, -an nf pheasant

easbaig, -ean nm bishop

easbaigeach a episcopal

□

an Eaglais

Easbaigeach the Episcopal Church

Easbaigeach, -ich, -ich nm Episcopalian

easbaigeachd nf episcopacy

easbhaidh, -e, -ean nf defect, deﬁciency,

deﬁcit, deprivation, ﬂaw, fault, lack, need

(want)

□

easbhaidh eòlais inexperience

□

easbhaidh malairt trade deﬁcit

□

easb-

haidh beathachaidh malnutrition

□

ach ge

b’e eile an easbhaidh a bha air …but

whatever other fault he had…

□

tha easb-

haidhean an siud ’s an seo anns an aithisg

there are deﬁciencies here and there in the

report

□

a dh’easbhaidh adv missing

□

a dh’easbhaidh lack, want

□

dè tha a

dh’easbhaidh ort? what do you lack?

□

cha robh a dh’easbhaidh orra ach an rùn

they lacked only the will

easbhaidheach, -iche a defective, deﬁ-

cient, faulty, ﬂawed, insufﬁcient

□

’s ann

easbhaidheach a tha clàr-amais an leab-

hair seo cuideachd the index of this book

is also deﬁcient

□

gnìomhair easbhaid-

heach defective verb

easbhaidheachd nf insufﬁciency

eascaraid, eascairdean nm enemy, adver-

sary, foe, opponent

□

tha mòran eascaird-

ean aig an adhbhar the cause has many

enemies

earrach 258

easchruthach, -aiche a abstract

èasgaidh a 1. active, nimble, prompt

□

tha

e glè èasgaidh air na creagan he is very

nimble on the cliffs

□

bha e èasgaidh ann

am poileataics he was active in politics

□

b’èasgaidh bean Phàdraig a’ toirt

aoigheachd dhaibh Patrick’s wife was

busy giving them hospitality 2. willing,

ready

□

nochd e e fhèin na dhuine

làmhach èasgaidh he showed himself to

be a handy, willing man

□

bha gu leòr ri

dhèanamh aig duine èasgaidh a willing

man had plenty to do

□

cha robh e idir èas-

gaidh a’ chuairt fhada seo a ghabhail he

was not at all willing to take this long voy-

age

□

bha e daonnan glè èasgaidh gu

daoine eile a chuideachadh he was always

very willing to help others

èasgaidheachd nf facility, nimbleness,

readiness

easgann, -ainne, -an nf eel

□

bha i cho

sùbailte ri easgainn she was as supple as

an eel

easgann-mhara nf conger, conger eel

Easgiomach, -aich, -aich nm Eskimo

Easgiomach a Eskimo

easgraich, -e, -ean nf torrent

□

thàinig na

faclan a-mach nan easgraich the words

came out in a (lit. in their) torrent

easlaint, -e a

□

same as euslaint

Eastoineach, -ich, -ich nm Estonian

Eastoineach a Estonian

Eastoinis nf Estonian (lang.)

èatar, -air nm ether

eathar, -air, eathraichean nm boat (small,

e.g. rowing boat)

eathar-thaigh nm houseboat

eatorra prep pron of eadar (q.v.) between

them

□

tha beagan sgaraidh eatorra

there’s a small separation between them

echinodairm nm echinoderm

Ecsodus s Exodus (in the Bible only – for

‘exodus’ see triall)

èibh, èibheach

□

same as èigh, èigheach

and eubh, eubhach

èibheach, -ich

□

same as èigheach and

eubhach

èibheall, èibhle / èibhill, èibhlean (dat

sing èibhill) nf live coal, ember

□

bha a

shùilean air na h-èibhlean dearga his eyes

were on the red coals

□

las e an toitean leis

an èibhill dheirg dheàrrsaich he lit the

cigarette with the red shining coal

èibhinn, -e a 1. amusing, comical, funny

□

sin an rud a b’èibhinn(e) a thachair

dhomh riamh that’s the funniest thing that

ever happened to me 2. happy

□

rinn iad

banais èibhinn aighearach they had

a happy wedding celebration

eibhir, -e nf granite

èibhleag, -eige, -an nf cinder, ember (same

as èibheall)

□

èibhleag loisgte cinder

□

chuir i èibhleagan mòna air a’ chagailt

she placed peat coals on the hearth

èibhneas, -eis nm

□

see aoibhneas

èid, èideadh v dress, outﬁt

□

the only part

of this verb now used is the vn èideadh

thus:- ciamar a bha e air [a] èideadh?

how was he dressed?

□

bha i air a

h-èideadh ann am breacan she was

dressed in tartan

□

bha airgead air a thoirt

dhaibh gus na rèisimidean a thogail agus

gus an èideadh money was given to them

to raise the regiments and to outﬁt them

èideadh, -idh, -idhean nm & vn of èid

(used as a past participle only – see èid

above) dress, garb, habit, uniform

□

bha

iad air an sgeadachadh ann an èideadh

Gaidhealach they were dressed in

Highland dress

eidheann, eidhinn nf ivy

□

dearcagan

na h-eidhinn the berries of the ivy / the

ivy berries

□

bha reothadh air duilleagan

na h-eidhinn there was frost on the ivy

leaves

èifeachd nf efﬁcacy, force, proﬁciency,

validity

□

le èifeachd effectively

□

… ma

tha èifeachd anns an leigheas … if there is

an effect in the cure

èifeachdach, -aiche a effective, effectual,

efﬁcacious, efﬁcient, forceful, forcible,

proﬁcient, signiﬁcant, valid

□

gu h-

èifeachdach effectively

□

a’ ghairm

èifeachdach effectual calling

□

chan eil

cungaidh-leigheis cho èifeachdach seo

there is no medicine as effective as this

(for omission of ri see cho)

èifeachdachadh, -aidh nm & vn of

èifeachdaich validating, validation

èifeachdaich, -achadh v validate

èifeachdail, -e a

□

same as èifeachdach

èifeachdas nf efﬁciency

□

gabhaidh

èifeachdas àite a’ chùraim efﬁciency

replaces (will replace) concern

èig

□

gen sing of eug death

èigeantach, -aiche a compulsory

eige, -eachan nf cobweb, fabric, web

eigeil a webbed

eigh, -e nf ice

eigh-bheinn nf iceberg e.-shruth nm

glacier

èigh, èigheach / èigheachd v announce,

call, call banns, cry shout, declare, pro-

claim

□

dh’èigh e oirre he shouted for

259 èigh

her

□

bha gach fear ag èigheach ri chèile

every man was shouting to each other

□

dh’èigheadh iad an tòir air a dh’aithg-

hearr they would call the hunt upon him

soon

□

… nuair a dh’èigheadh an t-sìth …

when [the] peace was declared

□

dh’èig-

headh iad anns an eaglais sin / chaidh an

èigheach(d) anns an eaglais sin their

banns were called in that church (lit. they

(the couple) were called etc.)

□

tha e air

taic eile èigheachd he has announced

other support

eighe, -ean nf ﬁle (tool), rasp

□

smùrach

eighe ﬁlings

eigheachadh, -aidh nm & vn of eighich

glaciating etc., glaciation

□

also

eighreachadh

èigheachd nf calling, crying, proclamation

shouting

eigheadail a glacial

eighealaich nf numbness

eighich, -eachadh v glaciate

eighichte pp glaciated

eighre nf ice

□

also eigh

eighreach, -iche a icy

eighreachadh, -aidh nm glaciation

□

also

eigheachadh

eighr-shruth nm glacier

èiginneach, -iche a 1. violent, difﬁcult,

oppressive 2. necessary, indispensable

3. needy, poor

□

gu h-èiginneach barely,

with difﬁculty

□

bha an teaghlach a’ tigh-

inn beò gu h-èiginneach air tuarastal

suarach a’ mhic bu shìne the family was

barely existing on the paltry wages of the

eldest son.

èigneachadh, -aidh nm & vn of èignich

necessitating etc., compulsion, ravishment,

violation

èignich, -eachadh v compel, force, neces-

sitate, wrest away

□

dh’èignich iad mi gus

biadh fhaotainn dhaibh they forced me to

ﬁnd food for them

□

bha rudeigin gam

èigneachadh gus èirigh something was

compelling me to get up

eil

□

a form of bheil used after chan or

nach i.e. chan eil / nach eil – see verb

bi – though it is commonly used in speech

(or representation of speech) in other situ-

ations instead of bheil e.g. g’eil ⫽ gu

bheil, and eil fhios agad gun robh …?⫽ a

bheil fhios …? etc.

Eilbhiseach, -ich, -ich nm Swiss

Eilbhiseach a Swiss

èildear, -eir, -an nm elder (of a church)

□

dreuchd èildeir eldership

eile a alternative, another, else, other

□

fear

eile / duine eile another [one / man / per-

son]

□

thàinig duine eile don doras

another man came to the door

□

an duine

eile the other man

□

but note the idiom:

mar a thuirt am fear eile as someone once

said / as the man once said

□

am fear eile

may variously be an tè eile the woman,

am bodach eile the old man or a’ chail-

leach eile the old woman

□

phaisg i an

dàrna làmh anns an làimh eile she folded

one hand in the other hand (see dàrna)

□

air taobh eile an t-saoghail on the other

side of the world

□

thig seo a-steach oirnn

ann an ceithir bliadhna eile we shall real-

ize this in another four years

□

a bheil thu

eighe 260

èiginn, -e nf difﬁculty, distress, hardship,

necessity, pressure, throe want

□

b’èig-

inn mhòr a bhith a-mach air a’ mhuir

sin … it would be a great hardship to

be out on that sea …

□

… nuair a spàr-

ras an èiginn iad … when necessity

drives them

□

bha i na h-èiginn she

was in [her] distress

□

dh’èigh e mar

gun robh e na èiginn he shouted as if

he were in [his] distress

□

cha bhit-

headh e a’ dèanamh càil ach na

bheireadh an èiginn air he would do

only what [the] necessity compelled

him [to do]

air èiginn adv scarcely, with difﬁculty,

just, narrowly, perforce, scarcely by

the skin of one’s teeth

□

rug e air èig-

inn air he only just caught it

□

b’ann

air èiginn a fhuair e a-nall he got

across with difﬁculty (lit. it was with

difﬁculty that he got across)

is èiginn dhomh I have to / I am com-

pelled to / I must

□

b’èiginn dha an

dùthaich fhàgail he had to leave the

country

□

tha feadhainn ann nach toir

suas an deò gus an èiginn dhaibh there

are some who will not give up the

ghost until they are compelled to

□

b’èiginn don riaghaltas rudeigin

a dhèanamh the government had to

do something

èiginn used with various verbs:- thoir

air falbh air èiginn extort

□

thoir air

èiginn ravish

□

toirt air èiginn extor-

tion, rape

□

cuir an èiginn overstrain

ag iarraidh rud sam bith eile? do you want

anything else?

□

cò eile? who else?

□

àite sam bith eile anywhere else

□

b’fheàrr

leam a bhith an àiteigin eile I would rather

be somewhere else

□

a bheil duine eile

anns an talla? is there anybody else in the

hall?

□

am fear eile the other one

□

tha

feadhainn a’ falbh agus feadhainn eile a’

fuireach aig an taigh some are leaving and

some others are staying at home

□

a bheil

rathad eile ann? is there an alternative

route? / another route?

□

roghainn eile an

alternative (lit. another choice)

□

cha robh

roghainn eile againn we had no alternative

□

rud eile dheth furthermore adv

□

agus

mòran eìle and much else besides / and

many others / and many more / and a lot

□

’s na dusain eile … and dozens of

others / and dozens more

eileach, -ich, -ichean nm mill dam

eileamaid nf element

eilean, -ein, -an nm island

□

eilean iomal-

lach desert island

□

Comhairle nan Eilean

Siar the Western Islands Council

□

sluagh

na Gaidhealtachd is nan Eilean the people

of the Highlands and Islands

□

muinntir

nan eileanan beaga the people of the

small islands*

□

air eilean Tharasaigh on

the island of Taransay

□

* the gen pl of

eilean is the same as the nom sing i.e.

eilean (as shown in the previous example)

but when a noun with the pl ending -an

is accompanied by an adj the nom pl form

is normally used

□

see further examples

under craobh

eileanach, -aich, -aich nm islander

eileanach a insular

eileaps, -aichean nm ellipse

□

also eilips

eilear / eileas neg & neg interr form of

impers form of the verb bi

eileatrom, -an nm bier, hearse

eilgheadh, -idh nm ﬁrst ploughing of

fallow land

eilid, èilde, èildean nf hind

eiligtronaig nf & a electronics

□

buidheann

eiligtronaig an electronics ﬁrm

eilips, -e, -ean nf ellipse

eilipseach a elliptical

èille

□

gen sing of iall lace

eilthir, -ean nf colony (people)

eilthireach, -ich, -ich nm emigrant, for-

eigner, pilgrim

□

Oiﬁs nan Eilthireach the

Foreign Ofﬁce

eilthireach, -iche a emigrant, exotic

□

measan eilthireach exotic fruits

eilthireachd nf emigration, pilgrimage

□

dèan eilthireachd emigrate

□

rinn mo

shin-shin-sheanair eilthireachd gu

Ameireaga my great, great grandfather

emigrated to America

èimear, -eir nm emery

einsean-ein, -an nm engine

□

einsean beag

dà-bhuille a little two-stroke engine

einnsean-smàlaidh nm ﬁre-engine

einnsean-smùide nm steam engine

einnseanair, -ean nm engineer

einnseanaireachd nf engineering

(mechanical)

Eiphiteach, -ich, -ich nm Egyptian

Eiphiteach a Egyptian

eipic, -e, -ean nf epic

eipiciur, -an nm epicure

eire nf burden, load

□

cha robh seo na eire

thruim dhaibh this was not a heavy burden

for them

□

is trom an eire an t-aineolas

ignorance is a heavy burden (proverb)

eireachdail, -e a beautiful, comely, elegant,

handsome, seemly, stately, well-favoured

□

air ceuman taigh eireachdail on the

steps of a stately house

eireachdas, -ais nm beauty, handsomeness,

elegance, grace (of personal mien),

gracefulness

èireadh

□

imperf / cond tenses of èirich

eireag, -eige, -an nf chick, chicken, pullet

□

mar ugh eirige like a pullet’s egg

Èireannach, -aich, -aich nm Irishman

Èireannach a Hibernian, Irish

□

ann an

Gàidhlig Èireannaich in Irish Gaelic

èireas

□

rel fut of èirich

èiric nf

□

see èirig

èirich, èirigh v 1. arise, develop intrans,

ﬂourish, rear, rise, come up / get up of

a wind

□

èirich don adhar soar

□

dh’èirich

e tràth anns a’ mhadainn he rose early in

the morning

□

cuin a dh’èirich an stoirm?

when did the storm get up?

□

… a

dh’èirich o na mairbh air an treas latha…

who rose from the dead on the third day

□

gu mall dh’èirich e gu a chasan slowly

he rose / got to his feet

□

dh’èirich e

na shuidhe he sat up

□

dh’èirich e na

sheasamh he stood up

□

dh’fhairich e an

t-eallach ag èirigh dheth he felt the burden

rising from him

□

am fear a bhitheas fada

gun èirigh, bidh e na leum fad an latha he

who is late in rising will be jumping all

day (proverb)

□

note that the fut, rel fut &

imperf / cond tenses are usually shortened

to èiridh, èireas, èirinn and èireadh etc.

□

’s ann às an t-sluagh a dh’èireas cultar

sam bith it’s from the people that any

culture arises

□

dh’èireadh an àireamh

de luchd-coimhid gu 70 (a trì ﬁchead ’s

261 èirich