Богатиков А.Н., Красицкий В.А., Лапков К.Н. и др. Сборник задач, вопросов и упражнений по общей неорганической химии

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] < – 0,17 < = 0,91 <;

[– E

] < – 0,17 < = 1,02 <;

\– E

] < – 0,17 < = 0,97 <.

<b^ghqlhfZdkbfZevgh_agZq_gb_ûE

khhl\_lkl\m_ljZaghklb

f_`^mihl_gpbZeZfbihemj_Zdpbc©[ªb©]ªKe_^h\Zl_evghk_jgbklZy

dbkehlZ[m^_l\hkklZgZ\eb\Zlvbh^Zl-bhgu^hk\h[h^gh]hbh^Z

Q_f [hevr_ agZq_gb_ û? j_Zdpbb l_f [hevr_ agZq_gb_dhg

klZglu obfbq_kdh]h jZ\gh\_kby b l_f kbevg__ hgh kf_s_gh \

klhjhgmh[jZah\Zgbyijh^mdlh\

Ijbf_j

JZkkqblZlvagZq_gb_dhgklZgluobfbq_kdh]hjZ\gh\_

kby^eyj_Zdpbbhdbke_gbykmevnZlZ`_e_aZIIi_jfZg]ZgZlhfdZeby

\ k_jghdbkehf jZkl\hj_ \ dhlhjhf dhgp_gljZpbb \k_o ihl_gpbZeh

ij_^_eyxsbobhgh\jZ\gufheve

J_r_gb_

 KhklZ\bf mjZ\g_gb_ ^Zgghc H<J jZkklZ\bf dhwnnbpb_glu

f_lh^hfwe_dljhggh]h[ZeZgkZbgZc^_fagZq_gb_

2KMnO

+ 10FeSO

+ 8H

:)H

(SO

)

+ 2MnSO

+ K

+ 8H

:0Q

1 2

–:)H

5 10

BamjZ\g_gbcwe_dljhggh]h[ZeZgkZ\b^ghqlhqbkehwe_dljhgh\

hl^Zgguo \hkklZgh\bl_e_f b ijbgyluo hdbkebl_e_f l _ qbkeh n

jZ\gh

GZc^_fagZq_gbyihl_gpbZeh\ihemj_Zdpbchdbke_gbybhgh\`_

e_aZZb\hkklZgh\e_gbyi_jfZg]ZgZl-bhgh\\dbkehckj_^_[

Z

;

[

MnO

+−

JZkkqblZ_fagZq_gb_ûE

j_Zdpbb

ûE

−

+−

MnO

= 1,51 < – 0,77 < = 0,74 <

<uqbkebfagZq_gb_dhgklZglujZ\gh\_kby

059

⋅≈==

⋅⋅∆

LZdh_h]jhfgh_agZq_gb_dhgklZglujZ\gh\_kbyk\b^_l_evkl\m_l

hlhfqlh^ZggZyj_Zdpbyijhl_dZ_lke_\ZgZijZ\hijZdlbq_kdbg_h[

jZlbfh

<ebygb_jZaebqguonZdlhjh\gZgZijZ\e_gb_ijhl_dZgby

hdbkebl_evgh

\hkklZgh\bl_evguoj_Zdpbc

Hdbkebl_evgh

\hkklZgh\bl_evgZyj_Zdpbyijhl_dZ_l\lhfgZ

ijZ\e_gbb \dhlhjhfhkms_kl\ey_lkyihemj_Zdpbyk [he__ \ukhdbf

agZq_gb_fihl_gpbZeZIhwlhfmnZdlhju\ebyxsb_gZ\_ebqbgmih

l_gpbZeZ hdZau\Zxl \ebygb_ b gZ gZijZ\e_gb_ ijhl_dZgby H<J D

lZdbfnZdlhjZfhlghkylky

dhgp_gljZpbyihl_gpbZehij_^_eyxsbobhgh\

\_ebqbgZjGjZkl\hjZ

l_fi_jZlmjZjZkl\hjZ

\_ebqbgZIJfZehjZkl\hjbfh]hijh^mdlZj_Zdpbb

<_ebqbgZdhgklZglug_klhcdhklbh[jZamxs_]hkydhfie_dkgh

]hbhgZ

JZkkfhljbf oZjZdl_j \ebygby dZ`^h]h ba wlbo nZdlhjh\ gZ gZ

ijZ\e_gb_ijhl_dZgbyH<J

<ebygb_dhgp_gljZpbcihl_gpbZehij_^_eyxsbobhgh\

Baf_gyy agZq_gbydhgp_gljZpbcbhgh\\jZkl\hj_fh`gh baf_

gblvgZijZ\e_gb_ijhl_dZgbyH<J

Ijbf_j

Hij_^_eblvgZijZ\e_gb_ijhl_dZgbyj_Zdpbb

+ Pb

<6Q

+ Pb

ijbke_^mxsboagZq_gbyodhgp_gljZpbcbhgh\

Zk(Pb

 fhevek(Sn

 fheve

[k(Pb

 fhevek(Sn

 fheve

J_r_gb_

 JZkkqblZ_f agZq_gby jZ\gh\_kguo we_dljh^guo ihl_gpbZeh\

^eykemqZy©Zªbhij_^_ebfgZijZ\e_gb_j_Zdpbb

059

)

(

059

−=⋅−−=⋅−=

:gZeh]bqghkqblZ_fagZq_gb_ihl_gpbZeZheh\Z

059

−=⋅−−=

Ihkdhevdm agZq_gb_ we_dljh^gh]h ihl_gpbZeZ k\bgpZ [hevr_

q_fmheh\Zlhbhguk\bgpZ[m^mly\eylvkyhdbkebl_eyfbihhlghr_

gbxdheh\mbmdZaZggZyj_Zdpby[m^_lijhl_dZlv

ke_\ZgZijZ\h

1) JZkkqblZ_fagZq_gbyjZ\gh\_kguoihl_gpbZeh\^eykemqZy©[ªb

hij_^_ebfgZijZ\e_gb_j_Zdpbb

059

)

(

059

−=⋅−−=⋅−=

;

059

−=⋅−−=

<^ZgghfkemqZ_we_dljh^gucihl_gpbZe[hevr_mheh\Zihwlh

fm_]hbhgu[m^mly\eylvkyhdbkebl_eyfbihhlghr_gbxdk\bgpmb

mdZaZggZyH<J\^Zgguomkeh\byoijhl_dZ_l

kijZ\ZgZe_\h

<ebygb_\_ebqbgujGjZkl\hjZ

Baf_gyy agZq_gb_ jG jZkl\hjZ fh`gh baf_gblv gZijZ\e_gb_

ijhl_dZgbyH<J_keb\g_cijbgbfZxlmqZklb_bhguG

bebHG

–

Ijbf_j

Baf_gblkyebgZijZ\e_gb_ijhl_dZgbyj_Zdpbb\kbk

l_f_K

AsO

+ KI + H

<K

AsO

+ I

+ K

+ H

ijbbaf_g_gbbjGjZkl\hjZhl^h_kebdhgp_gljZpbbbhgh\

AsO

, AsO

−

, I

–

bfhe_dmeI

\jZkl\hj_jZ\gufheve"

J_r_gb_:

1. >ZggZyH<Jhkms_kl\ey_lky[eZ]h^Zjyijhl_dZgbx^\moihem

j_Zdpbc

ZAsO

3–

+ 2H

:AsO

3–

+ H

O; E

= 0,57 <;

[) I

:,

–

; E

= 0,54 <.

Ihkdhevdm\ihemj_Zdpbb©ZªijbgbfZxlmqZklb_bhgu\h^hjh^Z__

ihl_gpbZeaZ\bkblhl\_ebqbgujGjZkl\hjZ<ihemj_Zdpbb©[ªbhguG

g_mqZkl\mxlihwlhfm__ihl_gpbZeg_aZ\bkblhl\_ebqbgujG

JZkkqblZ_fagZq_gb_ihl_gpbZeZihemj_Zdpbb©ZªijbjGjZ\

ghfbhij_^_ebfgZijZ\e_gb_H<J

?kebjGjZkl\hjZjZ\ghlhdhgp_gljZpbybhgh\\h^hjh^ZjZ\gZ

fheveLh]^Z

059

AsO

⋅

⋅−=

IhkdhevdmijbjGjZ\ghfihl_gpbZeihemj_Zdpbb©Zª[hevr_

ihl_gpbZeZihemj_Zdpbb©[ªZjk_gZl-bhgu [m^mlijhy\eylvhdbkeb

l_evgu_Zbh^b^-bhgu–\hkklZgh\bl_evgu_k\hckl\ZbmdZaZggZyj_

Zdpby\p_ehfijhl_dZ_l

ke_\ZgZijZ\h

JZkkqblZ_fagZq_gb_ihl_gpbZeZihemj_Zdpbb©ZªijbjGjZ\

ghfbhij_^_ebfgZijZ\e_gb_H<J

?keb jGjZkl\hjZ jZ\_glhdhgp_gljZpby bhgh\\h^hjh^Zkh

klZ\ey_l0

-8

fheveLh]^Z

098

)

(

059

AsO

⋅

⋅−=

−

Ihkdhevdm ijb jG jZ\ghfihl_gpbZe ihemj_Zdpbb©Zª f_gvr_

ihl_gpbZeZihemj_Zdpbb©[ªlhZjk_gbl-ZgbhguAsO

−

[m^mlijhy\eylv

\hkklZgh\bl_evgu_Zfhe_dmeuI

–hdbkebl_evgu_k\hckl\ZWlhagZqbl

qlh\^Zgguomkeh\byomdZaZggZyj_Zdpbyijhl_dZ_l

kijZ\ZgZe_\h

<ebygb_l_fi_jZlmjugZgZijZ\e_gb_ijhl_dZgbyH<J

BamjZ\g_gbyG_jgklZ\b^ghqlh\_ebqbgZwe_dljh^gh]hihl_gpbZeZ

aZ\bkbl bhl agZq_gby l_fi_jZlmju Ihwlhfm baf_gyy l_fi_jZlmjmjZk-

l\hjZfh`ghbaf_gblvgZijZ\e_gb_ijhl_dZgbyg_dhlhjuoH<J

Ijbf_j

IhdZaZlvdZd\eby_lbaf_g_gb_l_fi_jZlmjuhl

K

^h

KgZgZijZ\e_gb_ijhl_dZgbyj_Zdpbb

+ 14HCl <&O

+ 2CrCl

+ 2NaCl + 7H

_kebdhgp_gljZpbbbhgh\Cr

−

bCr

jZ\gufhevedhgp_gljZpby

kheyghcdbkehlu jZ\gZ fheve ZiZjpbZevgh_^Z\e_gb_oehjZ–

dIZ

J_r_gb_

1. MdZaZggZyj_Zdpbykhklhblba^\moihemj_Zdpbc

Z&U

−

+ 14H

:Cr

+ 7H

O?

= 1,333 <;

[Kl

:Cl

–

?

= 1,359 <.

l_fi_jZlmj_

Kbhij_^_ebfgZijZ\e_gb_ijhl_dZgbyH<J

Z

⋅

⋅−=

+−

+−+−

)

(

)

(

)

(

303

350

96500

298

314

303

333

⋅

⋅⋅

−=

;

[

=⋅−=

−

−−

)

(

)

(

303

352

96500

298

314

303

359

=⋅

⋅

⋅⋅

−=

Ihkdhevdm \ ^Zgghf kemqZ_ jZaghklv ihl_gpbZeh\ ûE hdZaZeZkv

f_gvr_<\ kbkl_f_mklZgZ\eb\Z_lkyobfbq_kdh_jZ\gh\_kb_Gh

_f\u\h^qlhijb

K[he__kbevgufbhdbkebl_evgufbk\hckl\Zfb

h[eZ^Z_loehjbqlhmdZaZggh_jZ\gh\_kb_kf_s_gh

\e_\h

3. JZkkqblZ_f agZq_gby ihemj_Zdpbcijb 

K b hij_^_ebfgZ

ijZ\e_gb_kf_s_gbyjZ\gh\_kby

Z

⋅

⋅−=

−

)

(

)

(

)

(

303

353

96500

363

314

303

333

⋅

⋅⋅

−=

[

=⋅−=

−

−−

)

(

)

(

303

350

96500

363

314

303

359

=⋅

⋅

⋅⋅

−=

LZdbf h[jZahf ijb l_fi_jZlmj_ 

K [he__ \ukhdh_ agZq_gb_

ebl_evgu_k\hckl\Zijhy\eyxlbhgu Cr

−

bjZ\gh\_kb_j_Zdpbb\

p_ehfkf_s_gh

\ijZ\h

<ebygb_\_ebqbguIJfZehjZkl\hjbfh]hijh^mdlZ

gZgZijZ\e_gb_ijhl_dZgbyH<J

?keb\j_amevlZl_H<Jh[jZam_lkyfZehjZkl\hjbfucijh^mdllh

dhgp_gljZpby h[jZamxsbo_]h bhgh\ \ jZkl\hj_ j_adh mf_gvrZ_lky

<ke_^kl\b_ wlh]h baf_gy_lky ihl_gpbZe khhl\_lkl\mxs_c ihemj_Zd

pbbqlhfh`_lijb\_klbdbaf_g_gbxgZijZ\e_gbyH<J

Ijbf_j

 Hij_^_eblv gZijZ\e_gb_ ijhl_dZgby j_Zdpbc ijb

K\kbkl_fZo

Z$J+&O<+

+ 2AgCl;

[) 2Ag + 2HI <+

+ 2AgI,

_kebdhgp_gljZpbboehjh\h^hjh^Zbbh^h\h^hjh^Z\jZkl\hj_jZ\gu

1 fheveZ^Z\e_gb_\h^hjh^ZjZ\ghdIZ

100

J_r_gb_

JZkkqblZ_fdhgp_gljZpbxbhgh\k_j_[jZ\jZkl\hj_gZ^hkZ^

dhfAgCl^himklb\qlhdhgp_gljZpbyoehjb^-bhgh\\jZkl\hj_jZ\gZ

dhgp_gljZpbbGClbkhklZ\ey_lfheve

c(Ag

) = fheve

)

(

)

AgCl

(

−

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