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111

Ɋɢɫ. 11.6. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ ɊɇɌ-560

Ɋɟɥɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɬɨɤɟ

0,16 0,17y Ⱥ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɢ

3,5 3,6y ȼ. ɉɪɢ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɜɟɥɢ-

ɱɢɧ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɤɚɥɢɛɪɨɜɚɬɶ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɭɤɚɡɚ-

ɬɟɥɶ ɪɟɥɟ ɨɬɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜɩɪɚɜɨ ɞɨ ɨɬɤɚɡɚ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɬɨɤɟ

0,16 0,17y Ⱥ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭ-

ɟɬɫɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɢ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɹ-

ɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɚɯ ɪɟɥɟ ɫɬɚɧɟɬ

3,5 3,6y ȼ.

Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɟɪɞɟɱɧɢɤɚ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɨ-

ɩɪɨɜɨɞɚ, ɤɨɪɪɟɤɰɢɹ ɜ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɥɟɜɵɦ ɭɩɨɪɧɵɦ ɜɢɧɬɨɦ. ɍɫ-

ɬɚɧɨɜɢɜ ɭɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ (ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɪɢɫɤɢ) ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɹ ɧɚɬɹ-

ɠɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɭɠɢɧɵ, ɞɨɛɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɤɚ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ

0,16 0,17y Ⱥ. ɉɪɨ-

ɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɧɟ

ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɡɚ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɵ

3,5 3,6y ȼ.

ɉɪɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɟ ɬɨɤɚ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɥɟɞɹɬ ɡɚ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡ-

ɦɨɠɧɨɦ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɭɠɢɧɵ ɹɤɨɪɶ ɤɚɫɚɥɫɹ ɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɭɩɨɪɚ.

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɢɠɟ

0,8. Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɚ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɦ ɩɨɥɨ-

ɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɹɤɨɪɹ ɩɨɞ ɩɨɥɸɫɚɦɢ (ɩɪɚɜɵɣ ɭɩɨɪɧɵɣ ɜɢɧɬ) ɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɚ-

ɠɚɬɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɭɠɢɧ.

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ

ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟ-

ɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

Ɉk.

112

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɆȾɋ ɢ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ. ȼ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ

ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ (ɪɢɫ. 11.1) ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɦ.ɞ.ɫ. ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ.

ȼ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɨɤɧɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.7) ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɋɯɟɦɚ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɪɟɥɟ

ɩɨ ɫɯɟɦɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.8). ɇɚ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɣ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɟ ɜɵɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɡɚɞɚɧ-

ɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɤɡ

Ɋɢɫ. 11.7. Ɉɤɧɨ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɦ.ɞ.ɫ. ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ

Ɋɢɫ. 11.8. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ ɊɇɌ-560

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ ɡɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɨɤɧɨ ɫɨ ɫɯɟɦɨɣ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɤɧɨɩ-

ɤɢ

Ɉk. ȼ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɨɤɧɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.4) ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ, Ɉɞɢɧɨɱ-

ɧɵɣ

ɢɥɢ ɐɢɤɥɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɬɚɪɬ.

113

ɆȾɋ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɪɚɜɧɚɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɸ ɬɨɤɚ ɜ ɩɥɟɱɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɧɚ

ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɟ ɜɵɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɢɬɤɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɥɟɱɟ, ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ 100 5r Ⱥ.

ɉɨɞɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ R

. Ɋɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɤɚ

ɆȾɋ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɚɥɢɛɪɨɜɤɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ

ɧɟɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚ.

ɉɨɫɥɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɜɵɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɵɟ ɜɢɬɤɢ, ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɤ ɫɪɚ-

ɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɩɥɟɱɚ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ. Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɜɨɡɜɪɚ-

ɬɚ ɪɟɥɟ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɦɭ ɬɨɤɭ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɬ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɜɨɡɜɪɚ-

ɬɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ ɜ ɬɭ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɭɸ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ

ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ

ɦɟɠɞɭ ɲɭɧɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ R

ɢ ɩɨɥɧɵɦ ɫɨ-

ɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ Z ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ.

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɵɯ ɨɛɦɨ-

ɬɨɤ.

ȼ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵ-

ɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɄɁ.

ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɜɵɜɟɞɟɬ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɨɤɧɨ (ɪɢɫ. 11.9).

Ɋɢɫ. 11.9. Ɉɤɧɨ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɵɯ ɨɛɦɨɬɨɤ

ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɞɜɚ ɷɬɚɩɚ:

1) ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɤɚ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɣ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɣ

ɨɛɦɨɬɤɟ.

ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɪɟɥɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɯɟɦɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.10). ȼ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɨɤɧɟ

(ɪɢɫ. 11.9), ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ

ɒɚɝ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɨɩɰɢɸ R

ɤɡ

=, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ

ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɋɬɚɪɬ. ɉɨ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɭ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɜɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɚɦɩɟɪɦɟɬɪɚ.

114

Ɋɢɫ. 11.10. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ ɊɇɌ-560 ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɵɯ ɨɛɦɨɬɨɤ

2) ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɤɚ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɨɦɤɧɭɬɨɣ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɡɚɦɤɧɭ-

ɬɨɣ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɟ.

Ɋɚɡɨɦɤɧɢɬɟ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɭɸ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɭ. ȼ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɨɤɧɟ, ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ

ɒɚɝ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɨɩɰɢɸ R

ɤɡ

, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɬɚɪɬ. ɉɪɢ

ɪɚɡɦɵɤɚɧɢɢ ɄɁ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɢ ɬɨɤ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ

20 30y %. ɉɪɢ ɩɟɪɜɢɱɧɨɦ ɬɨɤɟ, ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɦ F

ɫɪ

=100 Ⱥ, ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ

ɬɨɤɚ ɜ ɄɁ ɨɛɦɨɬɤɚɯ ɭɤɚɠɟɬ ɧɚ ɢɯ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ.

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɥɟ

. ȼ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɥɟ. ɉɪɨɝɪɚɦ-

ɦɚ ɜɵɜɟɞɟɬ ɧɚ ɷɤɪɚɧ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɟ ɨɤɧɨ (ɪɢɫ. 11.11).

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɤɪɚɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɤɚ

ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɷɬɚɩɚ:

1) ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɤɚ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ (

ɫɪ1

Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ (ɭɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɵɱɤɭ 11-12) ɨɬ

ɫɯɟɦɵ ɪɟɥɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɤ ɊȿɌɈɆɭ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɯɟɦɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.12).

ȼɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ

ɒɚɝ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɨɩɰɢɸ I

ɫɪ1

ɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɬɚɪɬ.

115

Ɋɢɫ. 11.11. Ɉɤɧɨ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɟɥɟ

2) Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɤ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ (I

cp2

) ɪɟɥɟ.

ɉɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɪɟɥɟ ɤ ɊȿɌɈɆɭ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɯɟɦɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.13). ȼɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ

ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ

ɒɚɝ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɨɩɰɢɸ I

ɫɪ2

ɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɬɚɪɬ.

Ɋɢɫ. 11.12. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ ɊɇɌ-560

116

Ɋɢɫ. 11.13. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ ɊɇɌ-560

3) ȼɵɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ (

ɄI

ɫɪ2

ɇɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɹ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ, ɫɞɜɢɧɶɬɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɚ ɲɤɚɥɟ ɢɫ-

ɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɭ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɤɚ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ. ȼɵɛɟ-

ɪɢɬɟ ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ

ɒɚɝ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɨɩɰɢɸ I

ɫɪ3

ɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɬɚɪɬ. ɉɨ-

ɜɬɨɪɢɬɟ ɲɚɝ 3 ɱɬɨɛɵ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɟ (

cp3

) ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɥɨ ɬɨɱɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɄI

ɫɪ2

4) ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɤɚ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ (I

ɫɪ4

Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ (ɭɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɵɱɤɭ 11–12) ɨɬ

ɫɯɟɦɵ ɪɟɥɟ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɤ ɊȿɌɈɆɭ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɯɟɦɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.12).

ȼɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɜ ɝɪɭɩɩɟ

ɒɚɝ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɨɩɰɢɸ I

ɫɪ4

ɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɋɬɚɪɬ.

Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ

ɧɚɞ

= I

cp4

cp1

ɋɧɹɬɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɨɬɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ȿ=f(k). ȼ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɨɬɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ȿ=f(k)

. ȼ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɨɤɧɟ

(ɪɢɫ. 11.14) ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɋɯɟɦɚ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɪɟɥɟ ɩɨ ɫɯɟɦɟ

(ɪɢɫ. 11.15).

ȼɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɧɭɫɨɢɞɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɤɚ (MAX I =

060y Ⱥ) ɢ ɟɝɨ ɚɩɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ (MAX

Iɚ

= 0 60y Ⱥ). ȼɵɛɟ-

ɪɢɬɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɬɨɤɚ. ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɋɬɚɪɬ.

117

Ɋɢɫ. 11.14. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɨɬɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ȿ=f(k)

Ɋɢɫ. 11.15. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ ɊɇɌ-560

ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɚ. ȼ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟ-

ɧɢɹ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ

ɢ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɚ. ȼ ɪɚ-

ɛɨɱɟɦ ɨɤɧɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.16) ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɋɯɟɦɚ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɪɟɥɟ ɩɨ

ɫɯɟɦɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.17).

118

Ɋɢɫ. 11.16. Ɉɤɧɨ ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ

Ɋɢɫ. 11.17. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ ɊɇɌ-560

ȼ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɨɤɧɟ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɤɪɚɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɤɚ, ɜɢɞɵ ɢ ɪɟɠɢɦ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ.

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɋɬɚɪɬ.

ɋɧɹɬɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɧɚɦɚɝɧɢɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɇɌɌ. ȼ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɭɩɪɚɜ-

ɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɧɚɦɚɝɧɢɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɇɌɌ U

= f(Fɩ).

ȼ ɪɚɛɨɱɟɦ ɨɤɧɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.18) ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ɋɯɟɦɚ ɢ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɢɬɟ ɪɟɥɟ

ɩɨ ɫɯɟɦɟ (ɪɢɫ. 11.19).

119

Ɋɢɫ. 11.18. Ɉɤɧɨ ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɧɚɦɚɝɧɢɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɇɌɌ U

= f(Fɩ)

Ɋɢɫ. 11.19. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɟ ɊɇɌ-560

ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɭ

ɋɬɚɪɬ. ɉɨ ɡɚɩɪɨɫɭ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ

ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɜɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɥɶɬɦɟɬɪɚ. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɧɚɦɚɝ-

ɧɢɱɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ

ɤɪɚɬɧɨɦ 0,5; 1; 2; 3; 5.

Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɧɢɣ ɡɚɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɬɨɤɨɥ,

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ 1.

120

12. ɉɊɈȼȿɊɄȺ ȾɂɎɎȿɊȿɇɐɂȺɅɖɇɈȽɈ ɊȿɅȿ

ɋȿɊɂɂ ȾɁɌ-10 ɇȺ ɊȿɌɈɆ-41Ɇ

ȼ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɦ ɦɟɧɸ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɊȿɌɈɆ-41Ɇ (ɪɢɫ. 1.8)

ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ

ȾȿɆɈ ȾɁɌ-10. ɉɪɢ ɡɚɩɭɫɤɟ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ

ɩɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ (ɪɢɫ. 12.1).

Ɋɢɫ. 12.1. ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ

Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɡɨɜɚ ɪɟɠɢɦɚ ɜɜɨɞɚ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɥɟ ɜɵɛɟɪɢɬɟ ɨɩ-

ɰɢɸ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɧɸ

. ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ ɪɟɥɟ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɩɨ ɭɦɨɥɱɚɧɢɸ,

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 12.2.

Ɋɢɫ. 12.2. Ɉɤɧɨ Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɥɟ