Vince Michael, Emmerson Paul. Intermediate Language Practice (with key). English Grammar and Vocabulary

6

GRA}TiTAR 3E IuAкlNG Co]Y|PARlsoNs

For eaсh

question,

сompletе

the

sесond sеntenсе so that it mеans thе

samе as

the first, using

no

more than

three

words.

0

Сould

you

not talk

so

fast,

plеasе?

Сould

уou''..t.lt.[K,'ry!4r9,{'L.a'w.l.Y,

plеasе?

The last film

wе saw

Was morе

frightеning

than this

onе.

This film

........ as thе

last onе.

Nobody

in thе сlass

сooks bеttеr than Sam.

Sam is

...'.... in

thе сlass.

You ran a lot

fastеr than

I did.

I didn't

run ............

...............

you.

Small сars

arе

molе есonomiсal

than largе сars.

Largе сars arе

.............

small сars.

Skating

isn,t

as

еxсiting

as skiing.

Skiing is ...............

skating.

Riсhard doеsn,t

work

hardеr than Alan.

Alan

works

just

............

Riсhard.

h)

Jaсk

isn,t as

intеrеstеd

in football as his brothеr is.

Jaсk,s

brothel

...............

in

football than hе is.

i) Bill is thе

youngеst in thе

family.

Еvеryonе еlsе

in thе

fаmily

........ Bill.

i)

I

havеn,t еatеn as

muсh

as

you.

You'vе еatеn

.........

а)

b)

с)

d)

е)

s)

155

Understanding

phrasal

verbs

Verbs

with three

parts

Еxplanation

s

r

Thе tеrm

,phrasal

r-егb' mеans

a

normal

vеrb

likе

get,

Iook,

tсke

followеd

by

onе

or two

рrеpositlons

likе

bасk, off,

up

еtс.

Look at

thеsе

еxamplеs:

| Гlео't

Iаkе tlti; |:Utе

tО

tttу Iеасhеr.

(nоrmal

r'еrb

пrеaning:

.to

movе

somеthing

from onе

plaсе

to

anothеr,)

2 Tсlkе off

t't.tr

sltсlеs

|lеfоrе

voц сomе

iп'

(phrasal

r-еrb

пrеaning:

.to

rеmo\'е

somеthing,)

З

11g

took off

itt

tltе

tttiс1dlе

of 0

storпt.

lphгasa1 r-еrb

пrеaning:

.rтhеn

a

planе

goеs up

into thе

air,)

\\-hеn

tl.rе

pтеpositiorr

is addеd

thе

mеaning

of

thе original

vеrb сhangеs.

Soпlеtiп.lеs

thеrе is

still

a

rеlationship

and

you сan

guеss

thе

mеaning

(sее

2

abor-е), somеtimеs

thеrе

is a

nеW

mеaning

that

is сomplеtеly

diffеrеnt

(sее

З

abovе ).

r

Thеrе

arе diffеrеnt typеs

оf

phrasal

vеrbs, dеpеnding

on

whеthеr

thеrе

is onе

prеposition or two, and

whеthеr

thе

vеrb and

prеposition сan

bе sеparatеd.

In this book

Grammar 38

and

З9

сovеr

diffеrеnt

typеs.

r

Thеrе

arе many

phrasal vеrbs, and

only

a

fеw сommon

onеs arе

givеn

in

thеsе

two units.

Whеn

you

sее

a nеW

phrasal vеrb for thе

first timе

you

should

study thе сontеxt

of

usе,

and

сhесk

thе

mеaning

in a

diсtionary.

Phrasal

vеrbs arе

partiсularly сommon

in informal

writing

and

spеесh.

Мost

of thе

vеrbs in thе

list bеlow

nееd an

objесt,

and

thе objесt

сan

only

сomе at

thе еnd, aftеr both

thе

prеpositions:

I,m

lookiпg

forwаrd

to

mу

holidауs.

With

vеrbs markеd

with an astеrisk

*

thеrе

is no objесt,

and

thе

final

prеposition is not usеd.

саtсh

up with*

(rеaсh

somеonе

by

going fastеr)

Yоu

сап rеst now сtпd

саtсh

up

with

us lоtеr.

You,re

goiпg

too

fаst!

I ссlп,t

саtсh

up!

сut down oп*

(rеduсе

thе

amount

of)

Shеilа

hсls deсided to

сut

down

oп

holidаys

this

уeаr.

You,rе

eаtiпg too mапу

Sweets.

You should

сut

dowп.

drop

iп

on*

(visit

foт a short

timе)

Lеt,s drop iп on

Dауid

while

we,re

iп

Pаris.

Thе пехt time

уou,re

nеаrby,

plесlse do drop

iп!

gеt

сllottg/on with*

(havе

a

friеndly

rеlationship

with)

rL1|llеs

dОеSt1,t

get

oп

well

with

his

mаths

tесlсhеr.

It

g

rr'ork

itl tllе

sаmе

offiсе,

but we

doп,t

get

on.

156

Verbs with two

parts:

transitive

аnd inseparable

GRAммAR 39 PнRAsAL

vERBs

1

keep up with"

(movе

at thе samе spееd as)

You,re

goiпg

too

fаst!

I саn,t

keеp

up with

уott.

Pаttу

finds

this сlаss diffiсult,

аnd саn,t keep up.

live

up tо

(bе

as

good

as

somеonе

ехpесts)

The

ftlm

didп,t live

up to

our

eхpeсtаtioпs.

look

fotwаrd

to

(think you

will еnjoy)

I,m lookiпg

forwаrd

to

goiпg

on holidау

this

уeаr.

Notе that fo

is

a

prеposition hеrе and so is followеd by thе

-itlg

fotm of

thе

vеrb.

Iook out

onto/over

(havе

a viеw

of)

our

hotel room looks

out ot|to the lаke.

put

up with

(aссеpt

without сomplaining)

I cап,t

put

up with

аll this

noise!

ruп out of

(havе

no morе of)

I thiпk the саr

is аbout to

run

out of

petrоl!

There isп,t аnу

morе milk.

We,уe

run out.

Thеsе

phrasal

vеrbs takе

an objесt

(thе

word for this is

,transitivе,).

Thе objесt

must сomе aftеr

thе

prеposition, not

bеtwееn

thе

vеrb and thе

prеposition

(thе

word

for this is

.insеparablе,).

саlI

for

(сomе

to

your

housе and

сollесt)

We,lI

cаll

for уou

аbout 8.00 so

pleаse

be reаdу.

(NoT

a]a+юн#)

саIl on

(visit

for a

short timе)

I саIIed on

Profеssor

|ones

аnd wished

her а

Hаppу Birthdау.

deаI with

(takе

aсtion

to solvе a

problеm)

Сould

уou

deаl

with this

сustomer,s

problem

pleаse?

get

аt

(try

to say,

suggеst)

Hеleп сouldп,t

uпderstапd

whаt her boss

wаs

gеtting

аt.

get

over

(rесovеr

from)

Peter wаs

ill with

f7u,

but hе's

gettiпg

over it

пo-w'

heаd

for

(gо

in thе dirесtion o0

The esсаpеd

prisoner is thought to be headiпg

for

Loпdotl.

join

in

(takе

part in, сontributе to)

When Aleх stаrtеd

sitlgittg,

a'еry'ollе

ioiпed

iп.

see to

(pay

attеntion

to, оftеn mеaning

.геpair,)

The

brаkes oп

your

саr

need seeing to.

stаnd

for

(tolетatе)

I will

not stапd

for

so

muсh tаIkitlg!

tаkе аfter

(bе

similaт

in appеaтanсе

or сharaсtеr)

Kаren tаkes

аfter

her mothеr.

They,re

vеry similаr.

157

r

i

ri

t

INтERпnEDlAтE

tANGUAGE

PRACтICЕ

Complеtе

еaсh sentеnсe

(a-h)

with an ending

(1_8).

a)

If

you

havе any

kind

of

problеm,

iust

сall mе

and

I,1l dеal

b)

I,vе bееn

so busy latеly that

I,vе

dесidеd

to сut

с)

Ann and

Suе arе rеally looking

d) our tеасhеr

told us that shе

would

not stand

е)

Nеarly еvеrybody says that

Мark takеs

fl

Jaсkiе

is

vеry ftiеndly

and

gеnеrally

gеts

g)

Half-way

through thе raсе,

Мartin

found

that

he

сouldn,t

h) Wе

wеrе

told that thе сonсеrt

was

going

to

bе

good

but

it

1

for сhеating in our еnd-of-tеrm

tеst.

2 on

wеll with thе

pеoplе

shе

works

with.

3

with it as soon as I сan.

4 aftеr his

fathет,s sidе

of

the

family.

5 down

on thе amount of timе

I spеnd

watсhing

tеlеvision.

6 up

with thе othегs any

morе.

7 up to

our еxpесtations at all.

8

forward

tо

sееing

you

both

again

in

July.

3

kееp ...........

didn,t

livе

...........

2

Undеrline

thе сorreсt

preposition in еaсh

sеntеnсе.

a) Сan

you

еxplain that again?

I don,t

know

what

you,те

gеtting

ф/with/d

b)

Hе,s

a

vеry

striсt tеaсhеr.

Hе doеsn,t

stand

for/up/with

any

bad bеhaviour

in

сlass.

с)

I еnjoyеd

London,

but it

didn,t

rеally

livе up

to/with/for

my

еxpесtations.

d) I smokе

20 сigarеttеs

a

day, but

I,m

trying to

сut off/through/down.

е)

I

think

shе

has

got

over/by/down

thе brеak-up

with hеr

boyfriеnd.

0

I,ll

сa||

bу/iп/for

you

at еight

o,сloсk,

аnd

thеn

wе,ll

go

to

thе

party

togеthеr.

g)

I,m

going

сrazy! I сan,t

pttt off/up/doууn

with so

muсh сonfusion!

h) I,m

luсky, I

gеt

oп/off/over

rea||у

wеll

with my сollеaguеs.

i) If

you miss

too

many lеssons,

it,s diffiсult

to сatсh

over/щ/with.

i)

It,s diffiсult

to kееp

аloпglbу/up

with сhangеs

in bio-tесhnology.

k)

Мy сar needs a serviсе

-

thе

еnginе

neеds

sееing

iп/to/аt'

l) Thе

printеI

is working, but

it,s run

аwау/out/dowп

of ink.

158

3

E

GRA}liiAR 39

PнRAsAL vЕRBs

l

Complete eaсh sentenсe

with a

box. Use eaсh

one onсe

only.

suitable form

of onе of thе

phrasal

verbs

in

the

in

on

gеt

on

with

forwатd to run out of

Thе

book

you

lеnt

^"

.,. d'idi.t.,.|уvp.. ll,p..t'q....... m}. ехpесtation s.

Any

timе

you,rе in thе arеa,

fееl

freе to .... u5.

Soтry,

wе havе ..........

orangе

juiсе.

\\:ould

r-оu

likе somе

watеr?

Unfortunatеly

Susiе

doеsn,t .... hег nеrr. nеighbouгs.

Bill lеft bеforе

I did, but

I ran and

'...

him'

I,m rеally

.... my holiday in Italy nеxt

rд-ееk.

It was a diffiсult сlass,

and

I сouldn,t

.... thе

othег

studеnts.

h) You should

....

smoking

if

you

сan,t stop

сomplеtеlv.

Rewrite eaсh sеntеnсe

so that

it does not

сontain the

words in itoliсs, but does

сontain

a

phrasa! verb.

a) Brian and

his mothеr

аrе vеry similаr'

.,'P.r'Lзw..t.q.krд''ъft.er..b'll...унthr-:'

b) Thеrе isп,t апy

food left!

с)

Мikе and Tom аrеп,t

very

good

fтiеnds'

d)

Jеan

is

very

good

at

hаndliпg

pеoplе,s problems,

е) Thе

handlеbars on

my bikе

nееd

fiхiпg.

fl

Julia

Was

vеry ill, but she,s

reсovеred

now.

g)

What еxaсtly

arе

you

suggesting?

h)

Paul,s nеw sсhool

wаSrt,t аs

good

аs hе eхpeсted it to

be.

:r',,1:::il:iii;;lll

a)

b)

с)

d)

е)

0

s)

4

159

lNтER1YtEDlAтЕ

tANGuAGЕ

PRACтIсE

5 Rewritе

eaсh

sentenсe

so that it has a

similar meaning

and сontains

the word in

bold.

a) Somеone

needs

to

look

at thе сеntral hеating

systеm.

seeing

...1.!*'.сp.lзt.rg.|.'hpg.&ш.'tу.tt.o..|у.L...ц{44.{..'tz+i|.v...t.a,:..................

b)

Lеt,s pay

a surprisе

visit

to

Julia

whilе

wе,rе hеrе.

drop

Wе,rе going

in

thе

dirесtion

of Paris.

hеading

our

hotеl room

has

a viеw

of thе main road!

looks

Two

сhildrеn

startеd

playing,

and

thеn thе othеrs

playеd

too.

Ioinеd

Wе

paid

a visit

to

my

aunt on hеr birthday.

сallеd

i

F

-

с)

d)

е)

s)

h)

D

I,m

afraid

that

wе

run

havеn't

got

any eggs lеft.

Мoniсa

will

сomе

and

сollесt

you

at 6.30.

сall

Nobody

understood

what I was

trying to say.

gеtting

I сan,t

bеar

so muсh

air

pollution!

put

160

Чelrbs

with two

piаrt.s:

transitive

arпd

sеparabIе

Еxplanations

Thеsе

phrasal

vеrbs takе an

objесt

(thе

word for

this

is

,transitir.е't.

Тhis

obiесt

сan сomе aftеr thе

prеposition or bеtwееn

thе

vеrb

and

thе

pгеpositiоn

r

so

thе

vеrbs

arе,sеparablе,).

We brought

up this сhild.

We brought

hеr up.

In

gеnеral,

as

in thе еxamplеs

abovе,

objесt

phrasеs

tеnd

to

bе

put

aftег

thе

prеposition whilе

pronouns

(suсh

aS

уoщ

it,

him,

her, uS, them) arе alи'ar.s

put

bеtwееn

thе

vеrb and thе

prеposition.

briпg up

(look

aftеr a сhild

until adult)

Tom,s

аunt

brought

him up аfter

his

pаreпts

diеd.

cаll off

(сanсеl)

The sсhool саlled

off the mаtch

bесаuse

of

bаd

weаther,

сIeаr up

(makе

сlеan and

tidy)

Сould

you

hеlp mе сIeаr

up the

room

аfter the

pаrty?

сut off

(bе

disсonnесtеd

during

a

phonе-сall)

I,d

just

got

through

to Delhi

wheп

I

wаs cut

off.

This is usually usеd

in thе

passivе.

filI

in

(сomplеtе

by

writing)

Сould

you

ftlI

this

forrп

in with аIl

уour

detаils,

pleаse?

give

up

(stоp

doing somеthing)

Pаul hаd to

give

up

уmпаstiсs

beсаuse

of iпjury.

kпoсk out

(makе

unсonsсious)

Bryson knocked his opponeпt

out

iп

the seсoпd rouпd.

Iеt dowп

(disappoint,

fail to kееp a

promisе)

Аnn

sаid she

would help,

but she

let

me down.

look up

(find

information

in a rеfеrenсе

book)

I

looked this word

up in

а diсtionаrу апd in аn enсуclopediа'

piсk

up

(сollесt

in a сar)

The tахi wiII

pick

you

up аt

6.З0.

put

off

(postponе)

The wеаther wаs

bаd, so theу

put

off

the mаtсh

for

а

weеk.

put

up

(providе

aссommodation

in

somеonе,s

housе)

A

frieпd

in Prаguе

put

me up

for

а сouple of пights.

761

lNтERlYlEDlAтE

LANGuAGE

PRACтlсЕ

Verbs

with two

parts:

intransitivе

tаke up

(start

a

hobby or aсtiviф

Sаm hаs

iust

tаken up

pаrасhutiпg.

try oп

(put

on сlothеs

to seе

if thеy

aте

suitablе)

I tried

the coаt oп, but

it was

too big

апd thе

wrong

сolour.

turn oп/off

(bеgin

or stop

opеrating

еlесtriсal

еquipmеnt)

Don,t

forget

to tutn off

thе light

before

уou

go

to

bеd.

wаsh

up

(сlean

plates,

knivеs

and

forks еtс.)

Аfrer the

pаrф,

Mаrtin'wаshed

up

аIl the

glаsses.

Thеsе

phrasal vеrbs

do

not havе

an objесt.

brеаk down

(stop

working,

еspесially

сars)

Thе саr

broke dowп when we

wеre

oп the

motor.wау'

drop out

(stop

beforе

you finish)

Two of

the runners ilropped

out

hаlf-wау

through

the

rасе'

get

oп

(makе

progrеss)

Ninа likes

her new сollege,

апd is

gettiпg

on ууeII.

get

аwау

(esсapе)

Оne

of the

burglаrs

wаs саught,

but

thе other

got

аwсtу.

rrow

up

(сhangе

from a сhild

to

an adult)

I

grew

up

iп а smаIl town

iп Peru.

set

off/out

(begin

a

journеy)

We

set

off eаф to аvoid

the traffiс.

tаke off

(whеn

a

planе lеavеs

thе

gтound)

Оur

plапe

took

off

more fuаn

thrеe

hours

lаte.

turn uР

(агтivе,

often unехpесtеdly)

We inуitеd

twentу

pеople,

but oпIy

five

turned

up.

L62

GRAмttiAR 40

PHRAsAt vERBs 2

Complete eaсh sеntanсе

with

onе suitab]е

word.

a)

Jеss

askеd if shе сould

hеlp mе

ltЪ'r!э,''.....

up thе diгty

dishеs.

b) I nееd a

diсtionary,

so I сan

.. up this word.

с) If I Wеrе

you

I,d ..................... off еarly

bесausе Еdinburgh is

a

long way.

d) our mееting tomorrow

has bееn

.. off, I,m

afraid.

е)

I,m not

surе about

thе sizе of this

сoat,

so сan

I

.......... it

on?

f) Robеrt had to ..

in

a foгm, giving

all his

pеrsonal

dеtails.

g)

You,ll nеvеr

guеss

who ...........

up at our sсhool

party

last wееk!

h) Six

pеoplе

appliеd for thе

job,

but

onе of thеm .....................

out.

Rewrite eaсh sentеnсе so that

it has

a

similar meaning

and сontains the

word in

bold.

a) Don,t lеavе the

lights

on

whеn

you

lеavе

thе sсhool.

turn

..........T.у+.суу..the..|g.hts...qff..w.h*ru.у.q!{..L9fl'.V.f..t.hэ'$,!p.q!'........................

b)

Jaсk

aтrivеd half-way

through thе

lеsson.

turn

You

сan

stay with us

foг a

wееk.

put

Мarta is doing

wеll in hеr

Еnglish

сlass.

gеt

Lidia spеnt hеr сhildhood

in Uтuguay.

grеW

How

do

you

start

thе сomputеr?

turn

Сarol сhесkеd thе datеs

in an еnсvсlоnеdia.

look

h)

Surfing

is a

grеat

sport.

Whеn

did

you

staгt doing

it?

takе

с)

d)

е)

fl

s)

163

lNтЕRIvtED!AтЕ

tANGUAGЕ PRAстl(Е

Comp|ete еaсh

sentеnсe

(a_h)

with

an ending

(l-8).

a) It,s \,еry

сold and

wеt at thе

momеnt So Wеlvе

put

....3....

b)

Маr}z's palеnts

wеrе

quitе

striсt

and

brought

hеr ...........

с)

\buг room

is vеry

untidy! Сould

you

сlеar

d) I

tvas

talking

to Hеlеn whеn suddеnly wе WеIе сut

е) Zoе triеd

to

pеrsuadе

hеr mothеr to

givе

fl

Тim startеd

painting

his room this

morning

and hе,s

gеtting

gt

If vou likе,

wе

сould сomе and

piсk

ht \

branсh of a

trее fеll and

knoсkеd

1

it up

plеasе,

and

put

еvеrything away.

?

Pеtеr out for

a fеw momеnts.

З off our

gardеn

party

until nеxt wееk'

-1

up smoking,

but

shе didn,t

havе muсh suссеss.

5 on

vеry

wеll

so far.

6 off and I

сouldn,t

gеt

hеr numbеr aftеr that.

] r'ou

up

in

our

сar at about

7.00.

8 up to bе vеry

politе

and obеdiеnt.

G

dr

t64

Vince Michael, Emmerson Paul. Intermediate Language Practice (with key). English Grammar and Vocabulary

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.