Snyder T. The Reconstruction of Nations Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569-1999. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2004. 384 p
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Polish nationality policy: interwar to
Belarusians, –, , ; interwar to
Jews, ; interwar to Ukrainians, ,
–, ; postwar communist,
–, –; after ,
Polish Socialist Party: . See also Pilsud-
ski, Józef; socialist federalism;
Wasilewski, Leon.
Polish-West Ukrainian War: , ,
Poltava, Battle of:
Populism: ,
Positivism:
Possevino, Antonio:
Potsdam Agreement: , ,
Prague: –
Printing: early Cracow books, ; in
Ukraine,
Proletariat (Polish party):
Pronaszko, Zbigniew:
Propaganda: , –, –, ,
Protestants: –, –, ,
Przemys´l: –, ,
Public opinion: , , , , –
,
Putin, Vladimir:
Radical Party (Ukrainian):
Radkiewicz, Stanislaw:
Radziwill, Mikolaj (the Black):
Radziwill Palace:
Realism: , ,
Red Army: in Polish-Bolshevik War, –
; in Second World War, , , ,
–, , , ; in postwar
Poland, , ; withdrawal after ,
, , –
Reformation: in Lithuania, –; in
Ukraine, –
Reichskomissariat Ukraine: ,
Religion: See individual churches and de-
nominations. See also Counter-Refor-
mation, Nationalism, Reformation.
Renaissance: language question, ; dis-
putation, ; in Ukraine, ; women,
Repatriations: See deportations.
Revolution of : –
Revolution of : , , , ,
Revolution of : , , , , ,
Riga, Treaty of: negotiations: –, ,
, ; consequences, –, –
, , ,
Rivne: ,
Rola-Z
˙
ymierski, Michal:
Roman Catholicism: in Grand Duchy of
Lithuania, , , ; as “Polish faith,”
; in Belarus, , ; in Lithuanian
SSR, , ; in early modern Ukraine,
–, ; and Brest Union, –
; in Austrian Galicia, , ; in in-
terwar Poland, ; in Kultura pro-
gram, –; in Belorussian SSR,
, ; in postwar Poland,
Romania: , , , ,
Romanticism: in Mickiewicz, –; and
the nation, –, , –, ; in-
fluence of German, –; durability
as nationalism, , , , –; and
emigration, ; and Kultura,
Rome:
Rome, Treaty of:
Römer’is, Mykolas: , , –, , ,
Rotundus, Augustyn:
Royal Prussia:
Róz˙ ycki, Edmund:
Rukh: , ,
Rus’ Palatinate: , ,
Russia: See Muscovy, Grand Duchy of;
Russian empire; Russian Federation;
Russian SFSR, Soviet Union.
Russian empire: foundation, ; share in
partitions, ; nationality policy, , ,
, –, , –; legitimating
ideas, –; and right-bank Ukraine,
–; and left-bank Ukraine, –
Index
364
; Ukrainians serve, , ; territory,
Russian Federation (post-): , –
; foreign policy, –, –;
and Ukraine, , –; and Lith-
uania, , ; and Poland, ,
Russian language: , , ; in USSR,
, ; in Belarus,
Russian SFSR: in Polish grand strategies,
–; in Polish policy –,
, –
Russophilia: –, , ,
Ruthenian language: , , ,
Rzeszów: ,
St. Petersburg: , , ,
Sa˛ju¯dis: , , , ,
S
ˇ
alcˇininkai: ,
Sanskrit language:
S
ˇ
apoka, Adolfas:
Sarmatian myth:
Saudargas, Algirdas:
Saugumas:
Schengen border regime:
Schiller, Friedrich:
Schleicher, August:
Self-determination: ,
Sel-Rob:
Serbia: , . See also Yugoslavia.
Serfdom: , , ,
Sevastopol:
Shashkevych, Markiian:
Sheptyts’kyi, Andrei: in Austrian Galicia,
–, , , ; Second World
War, , ; interwar Poland,
Sheptyts’kyi, Leo:
Shevardnadze, Eduard:
Shevchenko, Taras: , , , ,
Shoah: See Final Solution.
Shukhevych, Roman:
Shushkevich, Stanislav: , –,
Skarga, Piotr: ,
Skaryna, Frantsysk: ,
Skubiszewski, Krzysztof: German unifica-
tion, –; and Kultura, –,
; strategy, –; eastern policy,
–, –; in USA,
slavery:
S
ˇ
liupas, Jonas: ,
Slovakia:
Slowacki, Juliusz:
Smetona, Antanas: ,
Sniecˇkus, Antanas: ,
Sobibor: ,
Sobieski, Jan:
Socialism: –, –, –
Socialist federalism: , , , , ,
Sokalski line:
Solidarity: – on east, , –
; governments after , ; ac-
tivists, ; and Kultura, –, ;
in –, , ; post-Solidarity
parties, –, ; and Belarus,
Soviet nationality policy: to Belarusians,
, –; wartime, –, ; to
Lithuanians, –; to Ukrainians,
–, ; for external consump-
tion, , , ; after , –;
to Poles, –. See also deporta-
tions, ethnic cleansing.
Soviet partisans: , , , , ,
Soviet Union: foundation, , , ,
–, , ; disintegration, ,
, , –, , ; occupa-
tion policy, –, , –;
postwar enlargement, ; historiogra-
phy, –; in –, , ,
, –, ; and Kultura pro-
gram, –; military forces, ;
opposition, , , –, ,
; alliance with communist Poland,
, ; population, ; coup,
. See also nationality policy,
NKVD, Red Army, and individual
Soviet republics.
SS: , ,
SS-Galizien: –, ; and UPA,
Index
365
Stalin, Joseph: , , , , , , ,
, –, –, , , ,
Stalingrad, Battle of: ,
Studium Ruthenum:
Sutzkever, Abraham: ,
Suvalkai (Suwalki):
Sviatopolk-Mirskii, P. D.: –
S
´
wierczewski, Karol:
Szeptycki, Stanislaw:
Tarashkevich, Branislav:
Taryba:
Teheran:
Teutonic Knights: –
Thatcher, Margaret:
Toleration: , , ,
Treblinka:
Two-track policy (Polish): –, ,
–,
Ukraine (post-): –, , –
, –
Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox
Church:
Ukrainian Central Committee: ,
Ukrainian famine (–): , ,
, ,
Ukrainian language: in uprising, ;
Shevchenko and, ; Galician revival,
–; in Austria, ; standardiza-
tion, ; and Polish, ; in Polish
schools, ; spoken by Poles, ; and
Ukrainian opposition to Soviet rule,
; in Polish diplomacy,
Ukrainian National Republic: ,
Ukrainian national revival, –,
Ukrainian SSR: –, –;
famine, , , , , ; enlarged
, –, ; postwar, , ; in
Kultura program, –; and Polish
eastern policy, , –
Ukrainophilia: –
Uniate Church: languages, –; and
Belarus, , ; in Ukraine, , ; ab-
sorbed by Orthodox Church, , –
; origins, –, ; and Cos-
sacks, , ; interwar Poland, .
See also Greek Catholic Church.
UNDO: , ,
Union of Polish Patriots (ZPP):
Union of Ukrainians in Poland:
Unitarians: , ,
United Nations:
United States of America: entry to First
World War, ; end of Second World
War, , ; intelligence, ; na-
tional identity, ; German unifica-
tion, ; Ukraine policy, , ;
NATO enlargement, –
UPA: cleansing of Poles: , –,
–, , –; formation,
, ; strategy, ; at war with
Home Army, –, ; in postwar
Poland, –, –, , ; in
postwar USSR, , , ; and de-
portations, –; truce with AK-
WiN, ; in social memory, , ;
in communist propaganda, –;
commemorated, ; in politics after
, –
Uprising of –: ,
Uprising of –: consequences, ,
, , , ; national ideas, , ;
Lithuanian perceptions, ; in
Ukraine,
urbanization: ,
Urbsˇys, Juozas: ,
USSR: See Soviet Union.
Valuev Decree:
Vatican: –, ,
Vienna: ,
Vilne Gaon:
Vilnius: languages of, , ; incorporated
by Russian empire, , ; and Pilsud-
ski, ; after , –; nomencla-
ture, , , , ; national revivals in,
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366
–, –, ; after First World
War, –, ; interwar contestation
of, –, –; population, , ,
, , –, –; Jewish politics,
, –; LitBel SSR, ; annexed by
Poland, –; annexed by Lithuania,
–; wartime Belarusian claims, –
; Final Solution, –; deporta-
tions from, –, –, –;
Lithuanization, –; Lithuanian
policy towards, , , –; in
relations with Poland –, –
, , –
Vilnius University: –; in Russian
empire, , , ; in interwar Poland,
; in Soviet Lithuania, –,
Visas:
Vistula River:
Voldemaras, Augustinas: , –
Volhynia: transfer to Poland in , ;
and Brest Union, ; in Russian em-
pire, , ; Polish acquisition ,
; definition, –; in interwar
Poland, –; population, , ,
; Soviet revanchism, –; So-
viet occupation –, –,
; Nazi occupation, –, –
; ethnic cleansing, –, postwar
disposition,
Volhynian State University,
Volodymyr:
Volodymyr Volyns’kyi:
Vyhovs’kyi, Ivan: –
Vytautas the Great:
Waigel, Theo:
Wale˛sa, Lech: , , , , , ,
–
Warsaw: , , , , , , ,
,
Warsaw Pact:
Wasilewska, Wanda: –,
Wasilewski, Leon: –
Wehrmacht: , , ,
West Ukraine: See Galicia, Volhynia,
Ukraine (post-).
West Ukrainian Republic: , ,
West Ukrainian-Polish War: , ,
White Mountain, Battle of the:
Wis´niowiecki, Jarema: –
Witos, Wincenty:
Wolnos´c´ i Pokój:
World Union of Home Army Soldiers:
Wroclaw:
Yalta accords: , , ,
Yelstin, Boris: , , , ,
Yiddish language: , –, , , ,
,
YIVO, ,
Ypatingas Burys:
Yugoslav idea:
Yugoslavia: , , , –
Yung Vilne: ,
Zawadka Morochowska:
Zbruch River: ,
Z
˙
eligowski, Lucjan: , , , , –
Zhirinovskii, Vladimir: ,
Zhytomyr oblast:
Zieja, Jan:
Zionism: –, –,
Zlenko, Anatolii:
Zofijówka:
Zubrza:
Zygmunt III: ,
Zygmunt August: , ,
Index
367