Reed S.J.B. Electron microprobe analysis and scanning electron microscopy in geology
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(a) (b)
Plate 4.20. (a) BSE image of rock section (500450 mm); (b) same after
applying ‘threshold’ and inverting, showing only grains of high mean
atomic number phases.
(a)
(b)
Plate 4.21. BSE images of igneous rock: (a) original monochrome image;
(b) same image with grey scale converted to ‘thermal’ colours.
(a)
(b)
Plate 4.22. EBSD pattern of zircon: (a) as recorded; (b) with indexing. (By
courtesy of P. Trimby.)
Plate 4.23. Orientation map of calcite grains in marble derived from EBSD
patterns; misorientations across boundaries coloured according to scale
shown (0–90
o
). (By courtesy of G. Lloyd.)
(a)
(b)
Plate 4.24. ‘Real’ colour SEM cathodoluminescence images obtained by
combining images recorded with red, green and blue filters: (a) quartz-
cemented sandstone (700500 mm) with two episodes of fracturing revealed
by dark blue and red luminescent quartz infilling (Markowitz and Milliken,
2003); (b) haloes in quartz (550350 mm) revealing radiation damage caused
by radioactive elements in small inclusions (Oliveira et al., 2003).
Plate 4.25. SEM-CL image of zoned calcite with complex growth history
(11 mm); finer detail can be resolved than with CL microscope. (By
courtesy of M. Lee; first published in ‘Microscopy and Analysis’, no. 79,
Sept. 2000, p. 15.)
Plate 4.26. Cathodoluminescence image of multi-generation zircon, in which
brightness is related to composition and defect density, used as guide for
selection of areas for ion microprobe U-Pb dating; original zoned core
(2850 Ma) overgrown by weakly luminescent band (2550–2510 Ma) and
highly luminescent banded and sector-zoned overgrowth (2490 Ma). Scale
bar – 100mm. (By courtesy of N. Kelly.)
Plate 4.27. Charge contrast image of deformed biotite in granite (Watt,
Griffin and Kinny, 2000), showing folded cleavage, linear fractures and
radiation haloes caused by small monazite inclusions (for explanation of
contrast mechanism, see section 4.8.5). (By courtesy of B. Griffin.)
(a) (b)
(c)
Plate 6.1. X-ray maps of clinopyroxene phenocryst: (a) Ca, (b) Fe, (c) Mg.
Plate 6.2. X-ray map of Ca in granulite, using ‘thermal’ colour scale, showing
sillimanite (dark), zoned plagioclase, and symplectites (11 mm). (By
courtesy of M. Jercinov ic and M. Williams.)
Plate 6.3. Composite X-ray map (1625 mm) of lunar meteorite consisting of
regolith breccia matrix (bottom) and olivine-gabbro fragment (top); colours
determined by amounts of Mg (red), Fe(green), and Ca(blue); principal
phases: olivine – yellow, pigeonite – orange, augite – purple, feldspar – blue,
various Fe-rich phases – green (Fagan et al., 2003). (By courtesy of
M. Killgore and T. Fagan.)