Мифтахова Н.Х. Учебник английского языка
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Сharacteristics R E L A T E D I D E A S/ D E S C R I P T I O N S YES NO
1. Superiority
2.Compatibility
3.Complexity
4.Trialability
5.Observability
The new design should be better than the
previous one.
The new design should conform with the existing norms.
The new design should not be too complex. It should
be easily learned and experienced.
The new design should be easily and inexpensively
tested.
The new design should be easily seen and
communicated to others.
2.Составьте краткий письменный пересказ текста А, поясняя и
детализируя выделенные вами предложения.
3.Прочитайте текст В.
TEXT B Lipliner: Beauty No-No’s That Ruin Your Style
Dear Sharon:
I am faced with a beauty crisis that may
ruin my love relationship. I always line my
lips with a dark brownish lipliner and fill in
the center with a pale pink lipstick. I have
been wearing this style of lipstick for years
because I think the very dark outline
makes my mouth appear fuller and sexier.
Now that I am about to meet my finance's
parents, my future husband tells me that
brown-line thing looks tacky!" Tacky, does he
suddenly think I am tacky? Where has he been
all along? Why should I change my makeup
just to meet my future in-laws? – Beatrice
Dear Beatrice:
Wake up and smell the coffee, or in your
case, wake up and stop looking like you
were caught in a bag of espresso beans!
Dear sweet sister of well-meaning style,
the dark hard-edged lipliner sharply
"defining" an extremely pale mouth is really
best kept to porn queens who are into a
different kind of "style" anyway.
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Somewhere, somehow, someone came up with some kooky idea that a big brown
rim looks appealing. Perhaps, on a stage 100 feet away from the viewing audience this extreme
contrast may be appropriate. But, in real life, a swarthy lip boarder looks plain weird.
I am sure you honestly didn't mean to commit a beauty no-no, you merely were stuck in a
bad habit that you weren't even aware that you had. Your poor prince of a guy was probably too
embarrassed to mention your lipstick to you before or maybe he was so mesmerized by what
came out of your lovely lips that he was caught up in a romantic blur.
Now, faced with meeting his parents - whose approval he obviously wants to have - he is
asking you to change your image a trifle. Indeed, it is a lousy moment for him to call you
something as harsh as tacky, but honestly, it is about time you blend the lines a bit, so to speak.
The funny thing about image mistakes is that usually we are not even aware that we are
committing a first-degree fashion police felony. But, with a little awareness, we can all adapt our
erring ways. In your case, make your lips more approachable. Soften the line of your lipliner by
blending it with a sponge-tip pencil and then apply a similar color lipstick over it, so the outline is
barely visible and the result is far more natural.
Keep in mind that any "rule" of beauty can be broken. What we see in magazines is
sometimes strictly to excite, entice, and inspire - not to actually copy per se. As far as real-life
goes, unless you are model-cute and hanging out in a club, best efforts are to wear makeup to
enhance your features in the most natural and least jarring way - with a little nod to a modern
trend, of course.
However, there are some beauty no-no's that no matter what, are best avoided:
Clumpy Mascara - Mascara should thicken, lengthen and darken in a fashion that mimics
real lush eyelashes.
Lining Your Inner Eye In Blue - It only "brightens" eyes on stage and looks freaky
and runny (расплывчато) in person.
Cakey Makeup - You know the kind, it gets caught in your wrinkles, ugh!
Foundation That Stops At Your Chin-- Avoid the makeup mask by blending the
color down your neck.
Wooly Or Over-Plucked Eyebrows - Eyebrows balance your eye shape and face;
they should not overpower or under whelm.
Dragon Lady Nails - If you need your knuckles to use a telephone, your nails are too
long.
Obvious Plastic Surgery - There is some truth to too much of a good thing.
Perfume That Precedes You And Then Lingers Behind In A Room -
Only dogs need to leave their scent. When in doubt, the key to looking beautiful is blend, blend,
blend with a gentle hand.
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Some useful words and phrases:
1. swarthy lip boarder – темная граница губ
2. to look appealing – выглядеть привлекательно
3. to be appropriate – быть уместным
4. to look tacky – выглядеть вульгарно
5. weird – причудливый
6. to be mesmerized – быть зачарованным
7. to commit a beauty no-no - совершить нечто недозволенное против красоты
8. romantic blur - романтические размытые очертания
9. lipliner - карандаш для губ
10. per se - сам по себе, по существу
11. clumpy mascara – тушь комочками
12. freaky and runny – неестественно и расплывчато
13. least jarring way - наименее раздражающе
14. Cakey Makeup – затвердевший грим
15. foundation – основа
16. to blend with a gentle hand – смешивать оттенки мягкими движениями
4. Потренируйтесь в параллельном переводе предложений из текста В.
Переводя с английского на русский, не заглядывайте в готовый перевод. Таким
же образом переводите с русского на английский.
(1) you merely were stuck in a bad habit
that you weren't even aware that you had.
(2) someone came up with some kooky
idea that a big brown rim looks appealing.
(3) But, in real life, a swarthy lip boarder
looks plain weird.
(4) Indeed, it is a lousy moment for him to
call you something as harsh as tacky.
(5) The funny thing about image mistakes
is that usually we are not even aware that
we are committing a first-degree fashion
police felony.
(6) Soften the line of your lipliner by
blending it with a sponge-tip pencil and
then apply a similar color lipstick over it, so
the outline is barely visible and the result
is far more natural.
(7) What we see in magazines is
sometimes strictly to excite, entice, and
inspire - not to actually copy per se.
(1) к вам пристала дурная привычка, о
существовании которой вы и не догадывались
(2) кто-то высказал сумасшедшую мысль, что
губы, очерченные широкой коричневой
обводкой, выглядят привлекательно.
(3) Но в реальной жизни темная граница губ
выглядит довольно причудливо.
(4) Действительно, он выбрал самый
неподходящий момент, чтобы назвать тебя
вульгарной.
(5) Забавной стороной ошибок имиджа
является то, что мы даже не осознаем, что
совершаем правонарушение первой степени с
точки зрения полиции моды.
(6) Смягчите линию карандаша на губах с
помощью губки на конце карандаша и затем
нанесите помаду того же цвета, чтобы обводка
губ была едва видима и результат получился на
много более натуральным.
(7) То, что мы видим в журналах,
предназначено для того, чтобы только
возбуждать, соблазнять и вдохновлять –
фактически не для того, чтобы копировать, как
есть .
5. Составьте краткие тезисы текста В. Перескажите текст В, используя тезисы.
6. Прочитайте текст С.
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TEXT C Madonna
Whether she is wearing navel-baring miniskirts, cone bras, or Gap
jeans, Madonna has been a fashion leader since she became famous
in the mid-1980s.
As an icon of popular culture, she has set fashion trends
and boosted the careers of established as well as beginner
designers. She has appeared on numerous fashion magazine
covers and has been a fixture at runway shows around the world. Her
chameleonlike ability to regularly transform her look reflects both the
ephemeral (эфемерный, мимолетный) nature of
fashion and Madonna’s redefinition (переопределение) of femininity;
her styles have encompassed everything from punk to androgynous,
hip-hop, geisha, western, and military looks.
Born Madonna Louise Veronica Ciccone in Bay City, Michigan, in
1958, Madonna was one of six children raised in a strict Catholic home
by her father; her mother died when Madonna was only five years old. Madonna was a
cheerleader in high school. She acted in school plays and trained as a dancer. She attended the
University of Michigan but dropped out to pursue a professional dancing career in New York
City in the late 1970s, where she studied with choreographer Alvin Ailey. Realizing that she
instead wanted to pursue a career as a singer and actor, she worked as a model, sang in the
band The Breakfast Club, and starred in low-budget films. Her first success on the music scene
came in 1983 with the release of her self-titled solo album; she released over a dozen
full-length albums through 2003’s American Life. Although best known as a singer, the
multifaceted entertainer has also starred in numerous films, including the 1991 documentary
Truth or Dare, and Evita, for which she won a Golden Globe in 1996; has been featured in
Broadway productions; and has authored several books. Madonna’s highly individual style was
apparent in her debut on Music Television (MTV) in 1984. In her videos for “Lucky Star” and
“Borderline,” she wore her own version of punk—black miniskirt rolled down to expose her
navel, mesh knit tank tops with her brassiere peeking through, black lace gloves, stiletto heels, a
“Boy Toy” belt, rubber bracelets, teased hair with an oversized bow, and heavy makeup.
Madonna’s look spawned “Madonna wannabes”—legions of mostly young girls who copied
her early style. The craze only heightened with her appearances in the 1985 movie Desperately
Seeking Susan and on the MTV Music Awards ceremony the previous year, when she wore a
white lace corset and “bridal” ensemble accessorized with her “Boy Toy” belt and strands of
pearls. Her look pervaded street styles of the mid-1980s and appeared in advertisements for
fashion brands such as Benetton. The popularity of navel-baring (обнажающие пупок)
garments has only increased with the rise of young performers like Britney Spears and Christina
Aguilera donning the look.
Madonna collaborated with the controversial couturier Jean Paul Gaultier. Madonna is
known for befriending designers and for wearing and promoting the fashions of established as
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well as lesser-known designers. In addition to her collaboration with Gaultier, who also designed
the neo-punk fashions she wore for her 2001 Drowned World tour, Madonna has worked with
the Italian designers Dolce & Gabbana. She was a friend to the late Gianni Versace, in whose
1995 advertising campaign she appeared, and she has often been seen in the front row of his
sister Donatella’s runway shows.
Another close friend, the designer Stella McCartney, created a wedding ensemble for
Madonna’s 2000 marriage to the film director Guy Ritchie. Madonna has worn Azzedine
Alaпa, Gucci, Givenchy, Alberta Ferretti, and Badgley Mischka, among others. She has also
worn the fashions of designers before they were well known, such as Olivier Theyskens and
Rick Owens, helping to boost their careers.
In the fall of 2003 Madonna went from haute couture to mainstream, appearing in an advertising
campaign.
Madonna’s influence as a fashion leader has been consistent from the beginning of her
career. Her style has been watched and followed from the moment she first appeared on MTV.
She has launched style trends such as wearing navel-baring fashions and underwear as
outerwear, affecting the clothing choices both of other celebrities and the public at large. Her
continual repackaging of herself has reflected her evolution as a woman and a performer.
Madonna has looked to fashion icons of the past to
create a persona. In her 1985 video for “Material Girl,” she
copied Marilyn Monroe’s look from the film Gentlemen Prefer
Blondes, in which Monroe wears a strapless, pink evening gown
with matching long gloves, adorned with a lavish diamond
necklace and earrings. She again resembled Monroe at the
1991 Academy Awards in her strapless, white, sequined Bob
Mackie dress and Harry Winston diamonds. In the early 1990s
Madonna imitated the androgynous look of the 1930s screen
siren Marlene Dietrich, wearing menswear-inspired suits.
She has worn haute couture, supporting both known and unknown designers, and marketed
mainstream fashions, with her looks encompassing different personas. The ubiquity of her
unique and highly individual style makes Madonna an icon of modern fashion.
7. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
(1) What designers does Madonna collaborate with?
(2) What fashion trends has Madonna set?
(3) What are the typical garments that characterize Madonna’s highly
individual style?
LANGUAGE STUDY
Emphasis on verb and noun ‘HAND’.
- to hand down: 1) подавать сверху; 2) помочь сойти вниз; 3) передавать
по наследству, оставлять, передавать младшим поколениям; 4)
официально объявлять.
-
to hand out:
1) помочь сойти, выйти; 2) выдавать, раздавать; 3)
давать не задумываясь; 4) тратить деньги.
- to hand in: 1) помочь войти ( в автобус и т. п. ); 2) вручать, подавать,
передавать.
- by hand: 1)вручную; ручным способом; с использованием ручных
приспособлений 2) c помощью телесных наказаний.
EXERCISES IN PROPER APPLICATION
1. Explain the meaning of the expressions with the word ‘HAND’ (You
are allowed to use dictionaries).
(1)to be bound hand and foot; (2) to serve smb. hand and foot; (3) to live from hand to mouth;
(4) to change hands; (5) to have a hand for drawing; (6) to have clean hands; (7) to get the
upper hand; (8) to have one’s hands full; (9) to lend smb. a hand; (10)
to hand over; (11) to hand up.
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2. Translate the following sentences paying attention to collocations with
the verb and noun ‘HAND’
1) Orthodox belief in Russia is handed down from ancient times. 2) Hand down the
hammer and get off the ladder yourself. 3) You will have to hand out the invitation
cards. 4) The time is up. Hand in your papers, please. 5) My new dress is knitted
by hand. 6) The henchman (оруженосец) was ready to serve his master hand and
foot. 7) Though the family seemed to live from hand to mouth they were always in
high spirits. 8) The masterpiece changed hands many a time. 9) He is hand and
glove with his twin brother. 10) My sister undoubtedly has a hand for drawing. 11)
You may be sure he never took bribe, he has clean hands. 12) He got the upper
hand over his enemies. 13) Don’t be offended by my refusal. My hands are full
without it.
3. Recast the following sentences using different collocations with the verb
and noun ‘HAND’
1) You will have to deliver the tickets yourself. 2) Will you help me with my
baggage? 3) The young champions obtained advantage over their elder
competitors. 4) They have inherited it from their father. 5) Pass me the salt,
please. 6) Will you give me some more nails? I can’t get down every other minute.
7) Ann seems to be good at knitting. 8) The two friends are inseparable.
SOCIAL MINY-DIALOGS:
Make up 2-phrase dialogs (up to the model) responding to the given apologies and
keeping the conversation going.
Model
A: Sorry to have kept you waiting.
B: It’s all right. I’ve just come myself.
Reference list: It’s quite all right… That’s all right … Not at all … Never mind
that… Not in the least… No trouble at all … It doesn’t matter …
You may use these as initial phrases:
(1) I do hope I didn’t hurt you. (2) I beg your pardon. I should have
remembered the date. (3) I am afraid I can’t place you. (4) I am sorry, but I
must be going. (5) Thank you, but I’m afraid it’s too late. (6) I’m awfully sorry.
It was just a slip of the tongue. (7) I must apologize for my curt answer, but
really I was awfully busy.
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Listen and Sing a song – Tokio Hotel " Monsoon "
I'm staring at a broken door
There's nothing left here anymore
My room is cold
It's making me insane
I've been waiting here so long
But now the moment seems to've come,
I see the dark clouds coming up again.
Running through the monsoon
Beyond the world,
To the end of time,
Where the rain won't hurt
Fighting the storm,
And when I loose myself I think of you
Together we'll be running somewhere new
And nothing can hold me back from you
Through the monsoon
Hey! Hey!
I'm fighting all this power
Coming in my way
Let it send me straight to you
I'll be running night and day
I'll be with you soon Just me and you
We'll be there soon
So soon
Into the blue,
And when I loose myself I think of you,
Together we'll be running somewhere new
Through the monsoon.
Just me and you
A half moon's fading from my sight
I see a vision in its light
But now it's gone and left me so alone
I know I have to find you now
Can hear your name, I don't know how
Why can't we make this darkness feel like home?
Running through the monsoon
Beyond the world
To the end of time
Where the rain won't hurt
Fighting the storm
Into the blue
Running through the monsoon
Beyond the world
To the end of time
Where the rain won't hurt
Fighting the storm
Into the blue
And when I loose myself I think of you
Together we'll be running somewhere new
And nothing can hold me back from you
Through the monsoon
Through the monsoon
Just me and you
Through the monsoon
Just me and you
Выполните тест урока 3.
TEST TO LESSON 3
1. Определите ряд, в котором буква «у» читается как [I]:
a) crystal, accompany, energy, worry, way, year
b) only, daily, infinitely, immediately, primarily, they, yet
c) immediately, summary, hardly, enormously, analyst, physical
2. Определите ряд, все слова которого являются наречиями:
a) possibility, primary, easily, diversity, variety, daily
b) possibly, infinitely, immediately, primarily, namely
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c) principally, immensely, secondly, largely, ready, hardly
3. Определите сказуемое в следующем предложении:
Rather, humans are changing their environment trying to fit their needs.
a) are
b) are changing
c) trying to fit
4. Определите ряд, в котором даны сказуемые во временной группе Perfect:
a) has reflected, will have arrived, have argued, has to wax, could have waned
b) has been choosing, had defined, will have invited, has developed, would have fitted
c) has flourishing, has to evolve, having acquired, have remained, has to pass
5. Укажите правильный перевод сказуемого следующего предложения:
Society’s gender attitudes are changing.
a) изменились
b) меняются
с) будут меняться
6. Заполните пропуск, выбрав соответствующую грамматическую форму:
The major changes …………………… in childhood, especially during the first 5 years
of life.
a) are taking place
b) take place
c) have taken place
7. Укажите предложения, где глагол to have входит в состав сказуемого (более
одного верного варианта):
a) But as the toddlers encounter fears and stressors, their independent efforts
become moderated as they have to maintain support.
b) Klaus Riegel has argued that change, not stability, is the key to understanding
development.
d) The accumulation of knowledge has gathered speed – from a slow swell to a
meteoric rise.
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Lesson Four
What was In at Di:erent Times –
Excurses into the History of Fashion
In the XXI century there is no
shortage of icons - “celebrity
culture” has provided, perhaps too
many.
- Christian Lacroix
Грамматика
1. Страдательный залог ( § 4)
2. Модальные глаголы (§ 13).
3. Сослагательное наклонение (§ 12)
4. Упражнения № 15-25.
Лексика
1. Развитие навыков произношения (лексико-фонетические упражнения).
2. Ключевые слова (термины урока).
3. Лексико-грамматические структуры, используемые в текстах урока.
Практическое применение языковых знаний для решения коммуникативных задач
1. Развитие коммуникативных навыков в после-текстовых упражнениях.
2. Topic 4. «Learning Foreign Languages»
3. Фразовый глагол “STAND”. Упражнения. Мини-диалоги.
Контроль: Тест урока 4.
Самостоятельная работа:
1. Выполнение индивидуальных заданий преподавателя по аудио-курсу “Modern English –
Ресурсы Интернет в учебном процессе” (Урок 4).
2.Выполнение индивидуальных заданий преподавателя по разделу «Тексты для чтения»
ПРЕДТЕКСТОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ
1.Прочтите слова несколько раз, используя знаки транскрипции. Догадайтесь об их значении
по похожим словам русского языка:
wreck [rek], shape [SeIp], spirit [‘spIrIt], desire [dI’zaIq], vital [‘vaItl], personality
[“pWsq’nxlItI], instead [In’sted], vintage [‘vIntIG], casual [‘kxZjuql], appearance
[q’pIqrns], appropriate [q’prquprIIt], gimmicks [‘gImIks], bopper clothes [‘bOpq klquDs
], scattered [‘skxtqd], expiration date [“ekspaI’reIS deIt], dorm [‘dLm], wardrobe
[‘wLdrqub], nuance [njH’Rns], honestly [‘OnIstlI], bohemian [bqu’hJmjqn], sincere
[sIn’sIq].
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2.Переведите следующие слова с русского на английский, проверяя правильность
произношения по упражнению 1:
развалина, нюанс, одежда в стиле бибол, уловка, гардероб, честно, разрозненный, вместо,
старомодный, форма, соответствующий, внешность, повседневный, срок годности,
искренний, личность, желание, общежитие, дух, жизненно необходимый, богемный.
6) Дайте начальные формы следующих слов:
better, out-of-tune, understanding, realistic, designer, pieces, stylishly, appearance, exposing,
the most obvious, slimming, legginess, she’s stealing, reappears, rethink, addition, bullying,
classically, so-called, makes fun, enemies.
4.Проверьте, знаете ли вы следующие глаголы:
(1) to enjoy, (2) to be born, (3) to remain, (4) to wear, (5) to mean, (6) to fall prey, (7) to avoid,
(8) to perceive, (9) to expose, (10) to stand, (11) to be caught, (12) to take care, (13) to suit,
(14) to flatter, (15) to need, (16) to dress, (17) to be sincere, (18) to tweak, (19) to pull together,
(20) to understand, (21) to get.
5. Переведите следующие словосочетания c русского языка на английский, используя
глаголы из упражнения 4 и соответствующие выражения из текста А:
(1) ты будешь радоваться жизни, (2) забудьте о том, в каком году родились, (3)
модифицируйте модные направления, чтобы оставаться современной, (4) сегодня уместно
носить джинсы, (5) классический не означает простой, (6) никогда не становитесь жертвой, (7)
избегайте открывать, (8) так вас и будут воспринимать, (9) открывать слишком большие
участки тела, (10) быть в состоянии носить более короткие юбки, (11) чтобы не быть
пойманным в колею моды, (12) если вы будете заботиться о себе, (13) крой подходит для
меняющейся фигуры, (14) чтобы выставлять в выгодном свете вашу фигуру и индивидуальный
стиль, (15) вам надо одеваться, (16) всегда одеваться классически, (17) совет друга является
искренним, (18) любой стиль можно переделать, чтобы он выглядел великолепно, (19) внешний
вид всегда должен быть собранным, (20) чтобы понимать ваши границы моды, (21) займись
делом.
6. Переведите следующие фразы. Укажите, к каким временным группам относятся
сказуемые:
we were taking care; you should tweak mode trends to suit you; this dress flatters your figure; you’ll
be perceived the way you look; you have remained modern since I saw you first; if your legs can
stand the shorter skirts; his suits have always been classical; she is caught in a fashion rut; one needs
to be sincere with his friends.
7. Прочтите несколько раз лексическую программу текста А, найдите ее в тексте и
переведите предложения, содержащие эту программу.
1) to forget about the year you were born забыть о годе своего рождения
2) Get a life and you’ll enjoy life Займитесь делом и будете радоваться жизни
3) like an out-of-tune train wreck подобно разбалансированной развалине
4) never fall prey to being caught in a fashion rut никогда не становись жертвой попадания в
колею моды
5) Any style can be tweaked Любой стиль может быть видоизменен
6) it’s appropriate to wear jeans with vintage pieces уместно носить джинсы вместе со
старомодными вещами
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7) They are back in Они снова в моде
8) clothing with an expiration date вышедшая из моды одежда
9) your style is a bit more downtown or bohemian? Ваш стиль чуть более деловой или богемный?
TEXT A. Age-appropriate Clothing – Are You Serious?
Dear Sharon: Help!
I am a 36-year-old business woman and
my best friend is ten years older. Every
time we go shopping together she
makes fun of what I pick out and tells
Dear Sandra:
Yes, you can be stylish at any age! I’ve
seem to become the style expert of age-
appropriate clothing thanks to all of