Мифтахова Н.Х. Учебник английского языка

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.

2. Используя лексическую программу урока, составьте краткий

письменный пересказ текста А.

3. Прочитайте текст В и объясните его заголовок.

TEXT B Diana’s Style…

3The allure of the People’s Princess

‰I cried when I heard Diana, Princess of Wales died. I don’t really understand why.

`Even when photographed in one of those ghastly hat horrors that we have come to accept as de rigueur

for British royalty there was always something so compelling, so visceral, so natural about the Princess

of Wales that you absolutely could not resist taking your eyes off her.

`And when she did get the royal boot and or fell mercy to the public humiliation of her fair prince

reportedly saying he would love to be married to a homely, older, and non-charismatic other woman, she

only grew more fascinating and even more irresistible.

`Diana had that certain magnetism which is usually reserved for movie stars, yet if she was an actress

her nose would have probably been bobbed and her hair more sexed up. But as a princess, her looks

were honest and her appeal was genuine. Her total style has captured the world. And what about her

notorious royal look Americans once took notice? Well, maybe it is in her sons, Princes William and

Harry who inherited the twinkle in their eyes.

`Diana had “it” in a society always looking to find it.

`On the tenth anniversary of her death, Diana Style unfolds the journey of the People’s Princess from

simple school girl to her life as a fashion icon with all the delicious style bites in between.

`“If anything happens to me, do you think people will see me as another Jackie Kennedy?” Diana,

Princess of Wales said. Yes, Diana they do.

Some useful words and phrases:

1. allure – обаяние

2. ghastly hat horrors – ужасно жуткие шляпы

3. de rigueur [ dqrI'gR] - модный

4. compelling – неотразимый

5. visceral – интуитивный

6. to get the boot – быть уволенным

7. to fall mercy – быть отданным на милость

8. public humiliation – публичное унижение

9. to be sexed up – содержать элементы сексуальности

10. her appeal was genuine – ее обращение было искренним

11. style bites – изюминки стиля

4. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1) What was there so special about Princess Diana’s Style?

2) What sort of magnetism did Princess Diana have?

3) How did the world perceive Diana and her style?

5.Прочитайте текст С.

TEXT C Giorgio Armani

Characteristically dressed in jeans, a white shirt opened at the neck,

and a navy cotton pullover, Giorgio Armani (born 1935) designs new

fashions in his 16th-century palazzo in Milan. He was given the

honorary Neiman Marcus Award, and has built an international

reputation - as well as a fortune - on his revolutionary, unstructured

jacket for men.

In April of 1982 Time magazine placed the photo of Giorgio Armani

on its cover. Armani's first radically different blazer appeared in the

fashion world under his own label between 1974 and 1975. His

sartorial style exhibited a decidedly relaxed, even rumpled look. The

designer softened these new jackets by pulling out the padding and

lining and leaving out stiffeners of any kind. He combined thinner lapels with baggier pockets and longer jackets.

Armani's unstructured look makes even his English wool suits feel as comfortable as silk pajamas. Armani's suit

jackets reflected the defiant, angry mood of political and social unrest. But fashion evolves and Armani's designs

changed by the end of the 1970s. Creating what would eventually be known as the "wedge-shaped power suit,"

Armani extended the shoulders and even added padding to them. The lapels were widened, and the broadest point

of the lapel, called the gorge, was lowered.

The effect was similar to a style once worn by Hollywood sex symbols like Clark Gable. Still casual and

comfortable, the new style was what the New York Times called a "second sartorial innovation" that endowed men

with a "broad-shouldered, slim-hipped glamour."

In 1980, Giorgio Armani USA offered the American market a hybrid of the two styles. His more fluid sport coats of

the first half of the decade could be compared to cardigan sweaters, with comfortable, sloping shoulders. These

jackets were teamed up with T-shirts for a studied, informal look. The unmistakable Armani style evolved into an

even more simplified version of the original blazer. In his spring 1990 women's collection, Armani called attention

to the generous flow of jackets by stripping them of superfluous detail.

Armani's feminine version of the menswear jacket looked like it was borrowed from Greta Garbo's closet, or so

imply some fashion critics. "My first jackets for women were in fact men's jackets in women's sizes," he told Time

magazine. But it's Armani's use of strategically modified menswear fabrics and tailoring in women's suit jackets

that is his special contribution. No one had ever done that before. While the jacket forms the foundation of the

Armani empire, the Italian designer created a variety of other garments as well. Jackets were gold lame for evening

and longer for daytime wear.

Fabrics included silk-lined cotton and mixtures of velvet, silk, wool, and linen, in a variety of patterns and stripes.

Whatever Armani chooses to offer in a collection, he is praised for that sense of relaxed comfort. Celebrities still

count on Armani to make them look good for Hollywood's major events. Whoopi Goldberg told People, Armani

"just makes me look elegant." Other star fans of Armani include Jodie Foster and Jack Nicholson.

Armani describes his individual style as the "correct balance of knowing who you are, what works for you and how

to develop your own character."

Some useful words and phrases:

1. navy cotton pullover – хлопчато-бумажный пуловер темно синего цвета

2. fortune – богатство

3. unstructured jacket - пиджак или куртка без прокладок и без подкладки

4. sartorial style – портняжный стиль

5. rumpled look – мятый вид

6. by pulling out the padding and lining – убрав набивку и подкладку

7. leaving out stiffeners of any kind – отказавшись от любых элементов жесткости

8. thinner lapels with baggier pockets and longer jackets – более узкие лацканы, мешковатые

карманы и длинные пиджаки

9. unstructured look – бесформенный вид

10. wedge-shaped power suit – клиновидный увеличенный костюм

11. gorge – горловина

12. casual – свободный стиль

13. to endow – наделять

14. sloping shoulders – покатые плечи

15. broad-shouldered, slim-hipped – с широкими плечами и узкими бедрами

16. by stripping them of superfluous detail – лишив их излишних деталей

17. gold lime - ламе ( парчовая ткань с вкраплениями блестящих нитей, используется для

пошива вечерних туалетов)

18. patterns and stripes – узоры и полоски

6. Потренируйтесь в параллельном переводе фраз из текста C. Переводя с

английского на русский, не заглядывайте в готовый перевод. Таким же

образом переводите с русского на английский.

(1) His sartorial style exhibited a decidedly

relaxed, even rumpled look.

(2) He combined thinner lapels with baggier

pockets and longer jackets.

(3) The designer softened these new jackets by

pulling out the padding and lining and leaving out

stiffeners of any kind.

(4) Armani's unstructured look makes even his

English wool suits feel as comfortable as silk

pajamas.

(5) The unmistakable Armani style evolved into

an even more simplified version of the original

groundbreaking blazer.

(6) Armani's feminine version of the menswear

jacket looked like it was borrowed from Greta

Garbo's closet, or so imply some fashion critics.

(7) Fabrics included silk-lined cotton and mixtures

of velvet, silk, wool, and linen, with a variety of

patterns and stripes.

(8) He describes his individual style as the

"correct balance of knowing who you are, what

works for you and how to develop your own

character."

(1) Его портняжный стиль выражает

намеренно расслабленный, даже мятый вид.

(2) Он комбинировал более узкие лацканы с

более мешковатыми карманами и более

длинными пиджаками.

(3) Дизайнер делает менее жесткими эти

новые пиджаки, вынимая наполнитель,

выравнивая и опуская любые элементы

жесткости.

(4) Бесформенный вид делает даже его

шерстяные английские костюмы удобными, как

шелковые пижамы.

(5) Безошибочный стиль Армани

эволюционирует в еще более упрощенную

версию первоначального большого блейзера.

(6) Женская версия мужского пиджака Армани

выглядела так, как если бы была заимствована

из гардероба Греты Гарбо, как намекают

некоторые критики моды.

(7) Ткани включали хлопок, футерованный

шелком, и смеси бархата, шелка, шерсти и льна,

с большим изобилием узоров и полосок.

(8) Он описывает свой индивидуальный стиль

как "правильный баланс знаний о себе, что

работает на вас и как развить свой собственный

характер."

7.Перечислите аргументы, приводимые в тексте С в пользу

инновационного дизайнерского стиля Джорджи Армани.

LANGUAGE STUDY

Emphasis on the phrasal verbs with ‘GO’.

- to go at: 1) уходить, уезжать в ( определенное время ); 2) бросаться на

кого-л.; 3) энергично браться за что-л.; 4) продаваться за ( какую-л. цену).

- to go off: 1) уходить, уезжать, отправляться ( куда-л. ); убегать, сбегать; 2)

уходить со сцены; 3) выстреливать ( об оружии ), взрывать ( о взрывчатке );

выпалить; 5) скончаться, умереть; 6) ослабевать, проходить ( о чувствах ); 7)

разлюбить ( что-л. ); невзлюбить ( что-л. );

8) ухудшаться, портиться; терять ( силу, энергию, яркость и т. п. ); 9)

начинать ( что-л. внезапно делать ); разразиться ( смехом и т. п., непонятной

или неуместной речью и т. п. ); 10) терять сознание; впадать в ( какое-л.

состояние ); 11) терпеть неудачу; не состояться, расстроиться; 12)

отделаться от чего-л.; сбыть, продать; выдать (дочь) замуж; 13) проходить ( с

большим или меньшим успехом - о представлении и т. п. ).

- to go down: 1) спускаться, опускаться; понижаться; затонуть; 2)

садиться ( о солнце ); 3) доходить, продолжаться ( до какого-л. места); 4)

стихать ( о волнах, ветре и т. п. ); 5) спадать ( об опухоли ); 6) быть

приемлемым, быть одобренным ( with ); 7) быть проглоченным; 8) быть

записанным, быть зафиксированным письменно; 9) ухудшаться ( о

здоровье и т. п. ), ослабевать; умереть; свалиться от (какой-л. болезни );

10) терпеть неудачу; 11) уезжать на каникулы; уходить ( из университета

или колледжа); 12) быть посаженным в тюрьму; 13) случаться,

происходить.

- to go for: 1) идти за чем-л., кем-л.; 2) стремиться к чему-л.; 3) выбирать;

любить, нравиться; 4) наброситься, обрушиться на кого-л.; 5) стоить,

иметь цену; 6) становиться кем-л., действовать в качестве кого-л.; 7)

быть принятым за кого-л., считаться кем-л., сходить за кого-л.; 8) быть

действительным по отношению к (кому-л., чему-л. ), относиться к ( кому-

л., чему-л. ).

- to go on: 1) продолжать путь; 2) (упорно) продолжать, добиваться (чего-

л. ); продолжать разговор; 3) справляться, обходиться; продолжать;

4) а) продолжаться, развиваться ( о действии, процессе, состоянии ); б)

случаться, происходить, иметь место; длиться ( о времени ); 5)

действовать, вести себя ( каким-л. предосудительным образом ); 6) а)

говорить многословно; говорить много и утомительно; б) накидываться,

набрасываться ( на кого-л. ); 7) одеваться ( о предметах одежды ); 8)

выходить на сцену или спортивную площадку; 9) спешить; 10)

включать(ся) ( об электричестве ); 11) поддерживать дружеские

отношения с кем-л. (to go on well); 12) ( обыкн. в форме прич. наст. вр. )

приближаться к (какому-л. времени ), приближаться к ( какому-л.

возрасту ).

EXERCISES IN PROPER APPLICATION

1. Explain the meaning of the expressions with the verb ‘GO’ (You are

allowed to use dictionaries).

1) to go with the times; 2) to go back on one’s word; 3) to go in for sports; 4) it

goes without saying; 5) to go wrong; 6) What has gone with him? 7) my heart

went pit-a-pat; 8) all his plans went flop; 9) let me go: 10) to go with the

current; 11) to go into details; 12 let it go; 13) I’m afraid he’s going downhill.

2. Paraphrase the following sentences. Pay attention to the use of the

verb ‘GO’.

1) The house-warming went-off very well. 2) Don’t go and make a laughing-

stock of yourself. 3) She goes by the name of ‘Madonna’ among the public.

4) We were going hard all term. 5) All his money goes on drink. 6) To go

with the times we must be in the know of everything that is going on around

us. 7) I’m very sorry he went wrong. 8) The performance went down very

well with the public. 9) The man went bold-headed by the age of thirty. 10)

Ann often went for her sister, for their resemblance was remarkable.

3. Paraphrase the following sentences using different collocations

with the verb ‘GO’ instead of the italicized words.

1) It is evident that he will fail his examinations in spring. 2) He became

mad when his partner ran away with his wife. 3) Dogs usually pursue cats.

4) She wears black clothes because of her husband’s death. 5) Leave

him alone and let him continue his work. 6) Enter without knocking. 7)

They descended the stairs. 8) Playing tennis is our hobby. 9) My parents

will return in the evening. 10) Rumors spread that they were going to

adopt a child.

SOCIAL MINY-DIALOGS:

Make up 2-phrase dialogs (up to the model) responding to the given statements by

saying what must be done (or should not) and keeping the conversation going.

Model

A: I’ve decided to quit my job. The manager is picking on me!

B: You mustn’t take his words too much to heart. First make sure it was not your

fault.

Reference list: You must… You have to … You’ve got to … There’s no need

to… You needn’t… You don’t have to … You should … You shouldn’t …

You ought to … You oughtn’t to … You’d better …

You may use these as initial phrases:

(1) I feel ill at ease in the strange company. (2) I can’t bring myself to admit

that I was wrong. (3) I wish I could go with you on holiday. (4) Get away with

you! (Да ну тебя!) (5) I’m looking forward to changing my job.

Singing a song – Geri Halliwell "It's Raining Men"

Humidity's risin'

Barometer's getting low

According to our sources

The street's the place to go

Cos tonight for the first time

Just about half past ten

It's rainin men - Hallejulah

It's rainin men - Every specimen

Tall blonde, dark and lean

Rough and tough and strong and mean

God bless Mother Nature

She's a single woman too

For the first time in history

It's gonna start raining men

It's raining men - Hallejulah

It's raining men - Amen

It's raining men - Hallejulah

It's raining men - Amen

(Ow!)

Humidity's risin'

Barometer's getting low

According to our sources

The street's the place to go

Cos tonight for the first time

Just about half past ten

For the first time in history

It's gonna start raining men

It's raining men - Hallejulah

It's raining men - Amen

I'm gonna go out, I'm gonna get myself get

Absolutely soaking wet

She took over heaven

And she did what she had to do

She fought every Angel

To rearrange the sky

So that each and every woman

Could find the perfect guy

It's raining men

(Go get yourself wet girl, I know you want to!)

I feel stormy weather moving in

(About to begin)

Fell the thunder, don't you loose your head

Rip off the roof and stay in bed

(Rip off the roof and stay)

It's raining men - Hallejulah

It's raining men - Amen

It's raining men - Hallejulah

It's raining men - Amen

Выполните тест урока 2.

TEST TO LESSON 2

1. Укажите, в каком предложении паузы расставлены верно:

а) Maturation is I the orderly sequence I of changes I dictated by the genetic I blueprint

we each have.

b) Maturation I is the orderly sequence of changes I dictated by the genetic blueprint

I we each have.

2.Определите ряд, в котором суффикс –ed читается [d]:

a) talked, emphasized, declined, influenced, assisted, maintained, reported

b) mastered, emphasized, declined, extended, provided, satisfied, claimed

c) moved, referred, claimed, maintained, declined, described, exposed

3. Определите ряд, в котором даны сказуемые, относящиеся к временам

группы Progressive:

a) has talked, is mastering, will be provided, were assisted, will satisfy

b) is learning, was reporting, will be moving, are spending, is becoming

c) is exposed, will be marked, is occurring, has claimed, is influenced

4. Определите сказуемое главного предложения:

When individuals report how happy they are and how satisfied they are with their

lives, no particular age group reports that they are happier or more satisfied than any

other age group.

a) reports

b) report

c) are satisfied

5. Определите подлежащее главного предложения:

The debate about whether development is primarily influenced by maturation or by

experience has been a part of psychology since its beginning.

a) development

b) debate

c) a part

6. Выберите правильный вариант перевода выделенных слов:

Each of us is described as passing through a sequence of stages in which change is

qualitatively rather than quantitatively different.

a) скорее…, чем…

b) а не

c) по преимуществу

7. Заполните пропуск, выбрав нужную грамматическую форму:

My relatives ……………………. soon.

a) are coming

b) will come

c) have come

Lesson Three

The Life Cycle of Fashion

An innovation is perceived as

having a life cycle, that is, it is

born, matures and dies. The

rate of fashion change is

dened by characte- ristics of

the product, the market, or

audience, the distribution cycle

and those characteristics of

individuals and societies where

innovation takes place.

- A.Rogers, designer

Грамматика

1. Оборот долженствования TO HAVE + INFINITIVE (§ 7)

1. Времена группы Perfect (§§ 8,9)

2. Упражнения № 26-32.

Лексика

1. Развитие навыков произношения (лексико-фонетические упражнения).

2. Лексико-грамматические структуры, используемые в текстах урока.

Практическое применение языковых знаний для решения коммуникативных задач

1. Развитие коммуникативных навыков в после-текстовых упражнениях.

2. Topic 3. «Problems of Higher Education»

3. Фразовый глагол/существительное “HAND”. Упражнения. Мини-диалоги.

Контроль: Тест урока 3.

Самостоятельная работа:

1.Выполнение заданий преподавателя по аудио-курсу “ Modern English - Ресурсы Интернет в

учебном процессе” (Урок 3).

2.Выполнение индивидуальных заданий преподавателя по разделу «Тексты для чтения»

ПРЕДТЕКСТОВЫЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЯ

1.Проверьте по транскрипции, правильно ли вы читаете следующие интернациональные

слова. Скажите, какие русские слова помогают понять их значение:

process ['prqusqs] ; result [rI'zAlt]; individual ["IndI'vIdjuql]; basic ['beIsIk]; stages [steIGIz];

technology [tek'nOlqGI]; cycle ['saIkl]; graph [grxf]; diffusion [dI'fjHZn]; horizontal ["hOrI'zOntl];

vertical ['vWtIkl]; classics ['klxsIks]; identify [aI'dentIfaI]; innovator ['InquveItq]; leader ['lJdq].

2. Проверьте, правильно ли вы читаете следующие слова:

purchase ['pWCqs] (покупка); awareness [q'wFqnIs] (осведомленность); evaluation [I"vxlju'eISn]

(оценка); advantage [qd'vRntIG] (преимущество); adoption [ q'dOpSqn] (принятие, усвоение);

trial ['traIql] (испытание, проба); acception [qk'sepSn] (принятие); consumer [kqn'sjHmq]

(потребитель);

curve [kWv] (кривая); recession [rI'seSn] (падение); plotting ['plOtIN] (вычерчивание); fad [fxd]

(прихоть; мода); opinion [q'pInjqn] (мнение); laggard ['lxgqd] (запаздывание), isolate ['aIsqleIt]

(разделение).

3. Дайте начальные формы следующих слов:

Пример: plotting – plot,

recession – recess

graphically, rapidly, proceeds, acceptance, diffusion, depicts, useful, rapidly, adopted, applicable,

adopters, characteristic, identify, depicts, duration, awareness, represented.

4.Проверьте, помните ли вы следующие глаголы:

(1) to result from, (2) to purchase, (3) to involve, (4) to range from … to …, (5) to evaluate, (6) to

represent, (7) to depict, (8) to indicate, (9) to portray, (10) to calculate.

6. Переведите следующие словосочетания c русского языка на английский, используя

глаголы упражнения 4 и найдите соответствующие выражения в тексте А:

(1) принятие моды является результатом; (2) приобретать модные вещи; (3) включает пять

основных стадий; (4) колеблется от технологии изготовления новых тканей до соответствия

собственной концепции моды; (5) оценивать моду положительно; (6) часто представлены в виде

колоколообразной кривой; (7) граф отражает; (8) горизонтальная ось показывает; (9) графически

представленные данные; (10) рассчитать уровень принятия моды.

7. Прочтите несколько раз лексическую программу текста А, найдите ее в тексте и переведите

предложения, содержащие эту программу.

1. five basic stages: awareness, interest,

evaluation, trial, and adoption.

пять основных стадий: осознание, интерес,

оценка, проверка и принятие.

2. help to distribute innovations in

designing clothes

помогают распространять инновации в

области дизайна одежды

3. new clothes should be better than

previous alternatives

новая одежда должна быть лучше, чем

предыдущий вариант

4. is consistent with the existing norms

and values of the potential customers

соответствует существующим нормам и

ценностям потенциальных покупателей

5. if easily learned and experienced

если ее легко усвоить и применить на

практике

6. to be easily seen and communicated

to others

легко увидеть и передать другим

7. the process proceeds to trial and

adoption

процесс продолжается до испытания и

принятия

8. to calculate the level of acceptance

for a fashion

рассчитать уровень принятия моды

9. applicable for fads or classics

на самом переднем крае моды

10. characteristic patterns of fashion

adoption

Характерные способы освоения моды

TEXT A. Diffusion of Innovations in Clothes Design

New styles are offered each season. There are five characteristics the presence of

which help to distribute innovations in designing clothes:

1. Superiority – innovations in clothes design should bring an advantage and new

clothes should be better than previous alternatives in function, cost, social prestige, or

more satisfying aesthetics.

2. Compatibility - is the degree to which an innovation is consistent with the

existing norms and values of the potential customers. An innovation is less likely to be

adopted if it requires much change.

3. Complexity - indicates how difficult it is to learn about and understand the

innovation. An innovation has a greater chance of acceptance if easily learned and

experienced.

4. Trialability - is the extent to which an innovation may be tested with a limited

commitment, that is, easily and inexpensively tried without too much risk.

5. Observability – is the possibility for an innovation to be easily seen and

communicated to others.

The fashion adoption process results from individuals making a decision to

purchase and wear a new fashion. This process involves five basic stages: awareness,

interest, evaluation, trial, and adoption. The individual becomes aware of the fashion,

takes an interest in it, and evaluates it as having some relative advantage that could

range from a new fabric technology to simply being consistent with self concept or

what one’s friends are wearing.

If the individual evaluates the fashion positively, the process proceeds to trial

and adoption. The study of the pattern of consumers’ adoption of a fashion is often

represented by a bell-shaped curve. The life cycle of a specific fashion represented

graphically indicates duration, rate of adoption, and level of acceptance. The graph

depicts the rate and time involved in the diffusion process, with the horizontal axis

indicating the time and the vertical axis indicating the number of adopters or users.

Such graphically portrayed data can be used to calculate the level of acceptance

for a fashion. For example, the curve for a fashion that is rapidly adopted but also

rapidly declines will show early growth and quick recession. The curve resulting

from plotting the data in this way leads to characteristic patterns of fashion adoption,

applicable for fads or classics. The graph is also useful to identify type of consumer in

terms of when each adopts a fashion within its life cycle.

The consumer who adopts the fashion at the beginning of the curve is an

innovator or opinion leader; at the peak, a mass-market consumer; after the peak, a

laggard or isolate.

ЗАДАНИЯ К ТЕКСТАМ А,В,С.

1.В тексте А выделены предложения, которые, по мнению авторов, логически связанны с

распространением инноваций в сфере дизайна одежды. Заполните концептуальную таблицу,

выразив свое согласие или несогласие с тезисами авторов (YES/NO) и дайте свой

комментарий.

CONCEPT TABLE

Diffusion of Innovations in Clothes Design