Маркин А.Н., Низамов Р.Э. СО2-коррозия нефтепромыслового оборудования

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.

Jree

roqeH.

IIpu

srou

Bo3MoxHa

rar

o6qar,

rax

r.r

,oKanbHa,

Koppo3rxr.

Eclr.r

orge.neHne

BoA6r

orAenlnyro

Sasy

ue nponcxo4rr,

nporHo3oM

no (2.13),

(2.36)

puc.

2.4

nomtosaroc"

nilsr";

Koppo3lt

3roM

clr)

rae

He3HaqnrerbHa

He npeBbruavr

I r(rrlz.u)

[4g,

54l.

Ilpo6xoaoe

meueHue

Bo3HHKaer

roraa,

KorAa

BoJIHf,r

xxAKocrr.t

yBreraprcc

6o.nee

6ucrpo

4atlrxyrqt,tMcl

r&]oM

H B Hefi

{opunpyrorcr

rasoaue

npo6rn.

flpo6xn

garcryrcr

no rpy6onpoaogaM

cropocrr_

MH,

HAMHOTO

NPEB6IUIArcUIHMII

CPEAHHE

CKOPOCTH

TEqEHI',

XHAKOCTI,I.

flpn

npoxo44eHnu

ra:osofi

npo6rn

creuxt

rpy6onporo4a

KoHTaKTn_

pytor

xHAKoft

t[a:ofi,

rar

KaK

rlpo

npo6ru

co4epxur

KarrJrH

)KrlAKo-

cm.

flepnoAr.runocrL

rrpoxoxAeHnr

ranoBbrx

npo6ox

ropH3oHTaJrF_

HbIx

'rpy6onpoBoAax

1...2

a vac

10...20

B Mr.rr{/r1/,

oAHaKo

npn

yK[oHe

AaJ(e

0,5", vacrora

flpo6oK

Moxtsr

npeBbr[ars

r narrqrry.

flpu

o6nogueHHocrn

nepekaquBaeuofi

cuecn

csHrne

(o6reuu.)

uera.u

rpy6sr

KoHTaKrr{pyer

[per,rMyrqecrBeHHo

c aonuofi

Qa:ofi.

flpu

npo6xoeou

reqeHr.tr,r

HeBo3MoxeH

nporHo3

rro

anropnrMy

pvc.

Z.4,

cKopocTb

Koppo3ulr

Bo3pacTaeT

yBenHqeHHeM

napquanbHoro

AaBne_

Ilut

CO2

TeMnepaTypbr

(ec,ru

ue o6pa3yroTc,

3anlrrTHhre

rap6ouar_

Hsre

oca4rra);

npu

npoqrx paBHBrx

ycJroB[rx

pacrer

onpeAeneHHbrx

ycJroBuJrx

ruHefiHo,

yBenHqeHHeM

qncna

npoxo)r(AeHH,

npo6oK

[61].

Orueruu,

.no

npo6ronoe

reqeHne

.sBrrerc.l

AoMIHaIITHrIM

,qJL

MHo_

rnx

rpy6onpoBoAos

CCH

u BnurHr.rro

ero

cKopocrb yr,rerrclorsofi

Koppo3r{n

y4enflerce

npncranbHoe

BHHMaHHe

[59_64].

flpuae4err.r

o4xy

r€

nocJre/qHr{x

lroqelefi

Anr

[porHo3HpoBaHH,

cxopocru ytnerucnor_

Hofi

xopposun

npr.r npo6roaou

reveuuu

[64'!

h",

t,t

"*,

x,[f)"u'"r*,

",.

p(-

zan

n), (2.40)

rge

V*0.

cpeAHenoBepxHocrHar

cKopocrb

rrorepH

MaccLr

Meflur_

Jra

ycJroBHoM

rrepecqere

my6rary

Koppo3rn[,

uulrog;

1(","..

r<o_

sQQuquenr,

yrrrrnarorqufi

Brr4rHr,re

tracrorrr

npoxoxqeuu-r

npo6or

cKopocrf,

Koppo3nH;

Krn

:0,023a

0,214;

qasrora

npoxox_

4euu-r

npo6ox,

ur./uuu; (0<&,-<t);

I("

xo:{tlnrrrae}rr,

JAtrrbrBaro_

qrfi

nnxaxr,re

yrneBoAopoAuofi

rpasu

(HeQrr,r)

cKopocrb

Koppo3r,r[

CO2

- rcoppntn neQmenpo 4btcroaozo

o6opydoeatun

,Ol8[(rucnoruoe

vuclo

He$rn

o/o

arora n nerDtn) + 0,38)

24000

l),

(IPIL)

rpaaueHr

aaBrreHu.f,

a npo6xe, H/r,.r3; v

o6reunoe cogepxaHrre BoAbr

B npoAyKrlr.[r,

AonH

eA.; Pco2

BbrptuKeHo

n MfIa.

Arropsr

[64] JrrBep)Maror,

qro

)ryaBHeHHe

(2.40)

cnpase4rnao

cJre,ryKlulrrx

ycroeui:

o66eMHoe coAepxaHr.re

BoAEI B npo,q/Krlr.nr

100

o/o;

Pssr-

npHMepHo l0 aru;

reuneparypa

100

"C;

qacrora

[poxo](4enu-r npo6or

,4o

5 ur.hruH.

Kota4eooe meueHue

xuAKocrb o6pa:yer

rrreHry

n6lu:u creHr.u

rpy6rr, a rag c 6olrurefi cKopocrhlo

,qBrDrercr

rreHTpe nocreanefi. Ec-

nr.r o6revHoe cogep)€Hfie

Boabr B

)ruAKocrr.r

MeHbrrre 40-..50 %,

pex]tM

KonbqeBoro reqeHr{r, KaK rrpaBnJro, 6laronpnrren

c roqKlr

3peHnr

Kop-

po3r.ru

creHKx

rpy6onponoaa

KoHTaKrupyror c suyrrcraefi fl.rna

"soAa

a ue{ru",

rrro

cyqecrBeHHo 3iMeAjr.rgr Koppo3r.[o. flpu 6orsurervr

co-

AepxaHH[

BoAbr Bo3MoxHa oTHocrterrbHo

paBHoMepHar

Koppo3ur no

BceMy

ceqeHrrro

rpy6onpoaoaa,

npnreM

cKopocrb

Moxno rrporHo3H-

poBarb no

)paBHeutsu

Q.l3),

(2.36)

wu arl'rop*may

puc.2,4.

,\umepcuonuoe

meueHue

KotAa Bct HJIIT noqrn

Bct

)KuaKocrb

a[cneprfipoBaHa

riBe, Ir ra3ox[aKocrHat cMecb

ABItKerst

Qoprr,re

roMoreHHoro noroKa no

BceMy ceqeHrlrc rpy6onporo.4a

npuBoAar

yaapaM

Kanenb xxaKocTH

o noBepxHocTb rtleraaraT

py6rt

H Bo3HI{KHo-

BeHr.Ito

3po3lrri.

Ecnu

gtoro

He rrponcxoArfr, To no cBoeMy BJII,IIHHIo Ha

Koppo3uro

Anc[epcnoHHoe

reqeHlle

6nnro K KonbueBoMy,

1995 r. 6ruro o6uapo4onaHbr

He MeHee Boct'Mu MeroaltK nporHo-

3npoBanlae

yrnerucrcnnofi Koppo3un cralr{ B cxBzDrd{Hax I,r rpy6onpo-

BOAaX, KaXAat I,I3 KOTOp6TX

nO3BOJIter C 6Ont'UJ]eit UttU

UeUtUrefi

tO.nro-

cr6ro npeAcKa3lrBarb

cropocrfi Koppo3xBHoro

pa3pyureHu.tr

o6opyaona-

rrux

grx

ycroaufi,

ua 6ase Koropbrx oHa non)AeHa. OgHaro

nr.r ogHa ua

npeAnoxeHHsrx MeroAuK

f,Bnrercr

ynnnepcamnofi.

3ro cs.tsaHo c

pa:uoo6parneru

MexaHH3MoB

yrnexrcnorHofi

Koppo3lrlr B

3aBuclrMocrtr

or xnMlqecKoro cocraBa

cpeAbl H BHe[rHr{x

ycJloBnfi.

Pagruqurre uexa-

nx3Mbr Koppo3arl

garor

urnpoxafi cneKrp

QopM

Koppo3uBHbrx noBpex-

A.H.

Maprcun, P.3. HusaMoa

AeHHfi

oT orHocr,rreJf,Ho

paBHoMepHofi

Koppo3HH

nurtuHronoE

JroKiurbHofi

c r.ry6uHofi

npoHr.tKHoBeHwr

2...6 uu/roI.,

r.t

oco6oro

BUAa

JrOKanbHbrx

Koppo3l.tBHLrx

noBpexAeHl.Ifi

HKT e

cxgaxHHax

raK

ua.:Hsael\rofi

"lrefi:a-roppo:nr.r"

(cna.

rnaay

c r,'ry6uuofi

nponur-

uoaeum

uu/ro4.

C$opuynr.rpyeu

ocuosHoi Bonpoc,

Ha xoropr,lfi

AoJrxHa

orBeruTb

ruo6ar ueroguxa

nporHo3HpoBaHu.f,

yuexucnorHofi

roo6ule

lro-

6ofi) rcopposr,rra

Bo3Mo)KHr,r.tu n

gauHofi

rexuoloruqecxofi

ctcreue

KOppo3IrBHbre

floBpe)r(4eHrrr, KoTopbte

3a roporra r]o cpaBHeH[ro

TexHoJroruqecKrrM

qHKJroM

cpoK npnBelyr K B;rxory

o6opyAoBaHur r.r3

crpoq

H cyrqecTBeHHoMy

HapyueHl. o TexHoJrofurtecKofo

npouecca?

O6o6ura-r 6olee

qev

50-rerHlrfi onbrr 63yrJeHHr

yruerr.rc,roruoi

xoppo-

3Hu, Mbr noJIJr,rHM

npocrofi u rcHufi

orBer

Aa,

r nro6oE ue$re-

u ra:o-

npovuc:ronofi

cncreMe, rAe npficyrcrByer

MHHepuinH3oBaHHzuI

BoAHzuI

$asa,

a napqr.ranrHoe

AaBrreHne

CO2 npesrruraer

0,001...0,005

MfIa, sa

KOpOTKOe BpeMg BO3MOXHbI

Cepbe3H6le KOppO3uBHEre

nOBpeXneHHt.

floerouy s rro6oi

TaKofi cucreMe cne4/er

pealrr.r3oBhrBarb

KoMmeKc

Meporlpnrrrrfi, no3BoJrrrorqllx KoHTpoJrnpoBarb

H 3KoHoMnqecKH

on-

paBAaHHo

npeAoTBpaulaT6

Koppo3l. o.

COz- rcoppoaa

uebmenp

ouor

ctoeoeo o6opydoeauun

fnaea 3.

OCOEEHHOCTI4

14 XAPAKTEP

yrfl

EKlrtCfl

OTHOil KOppO3ht4

HEOTEnpOMbtCnOBoro

oEopyAoBAHt4fl

3,1.

yrneKucnorHaF

Koppo3t{t

noA3eMHoro

o6opyAoBaHxr

Ao6btBa1,oulHx

cl(BaxxH

ftu

cxna;ruru

xaparrepHu

6olee rncoKne,

qeM

Arf,

Tpy6onpono4oa

CCH,

napqr.ralrHr,re

AaBJreHHr

CO2 u rpanuenr

Pco2

oT 3a6os K

ycTr,ro

cKBalxr,rHbr.

OcnosHoii

Bu,q Koppo3uBH[,rx

nonpexq4euufi

cKBDK]rHHoro

o6opygonanlrr

noKiurbHar

Koppo3nr

BHJ,'TpeHHe[

noBepxuocrn

HKT r.r

ycraHoBox

norpyxHbrx

3Jrerffpll{ecrr.rx

qenrpo6exHrx

uacocon (y3I_$)

npr.r

MexaHrr3r.rpoBaHnou

cnoco6e

go6rrvlr.

Peylrrarou

o6or.rx crg,"rarx

fBJurroTct

AopoIocTo.f,que

npexqeBpeMeHH6le

rroA3eMHlre

peMoHTBI

crgaxun

r neo6xoAHMocr;

3aMeHBr

o6opyAoranu_r, aLrueAtltero

H3 crpot

pe3yJrbTaTe

Koppo3r.ru.

Koppo:ul

HKT r.r V3t[i s

%o cly']aes

ua6lrcgaerc.r

rau, rge o6-

BoAHeHHocrb

npoAyKrlun

cKBzDKrrH

npezsntaer 40

(o6leun.),

4o6l,rua

xragr<ocru

(ge6nr

cxnaxuuu)

6olee 40 M3/cyr. Teu

ne ueuee cre4yer

[oaqepKnyT6,

qTo

yrneKrzcnoTHar

Koppo3r.rr

co 3Haqr.rTeJr6HbrMrr

cKopo-

cr.rMa

Moxer Ha6rroAarrct

Aarre

B Tex

cKBiuKI,IHzlx, tAe coAep)KaHI,Ie

BoA6l

B npoAyKqrlu

cocraBrrer oxono I

(o6reuu.)

[65].

B o6qeu

clyrae

roppo:uro IIKT

o6uapy)Kr.rB:

HaJrro6ofi

rrry6nue,

oaHaKo

Ha MHoflix Mecropo)r(4eHn;lx

[

15, 65], a rou

vl,rcle ua HeQr.rHrx

Mecropo44eHarx

3anaanoft Cu6upLr

[66],

ocnoaxtre

npo6reMbr,

KaK rrpa-

Br.lJro, Bo3Hnxalor

ua rny6uuax

6o:ree 400.. .600 M.

Bce

unoroo6pa:lre

JroKaJrLrrbD(

Koppo3[Br{6x

notpe44erld

HKT

V3f[I nasl

arrr

cuoeuanrarga

pa:o6rev

na,pa

xpaimo<

rnra. flepnui mr

o6brqHar r3BeHHat Koppo3nr c

xopouo Bbrpa(eHlrbrMr.r cKroHzMn .s3B H

catarlefi (puc.

3.1, rp. nrur.). Lny6r.rua npoma<Hogelur

...2

noptgK^

4.. .5 lr*r/ron. Bropofi run

rax Ha3lrBaeMas

Me 3a-roppoau.a

(crr

aHrlui-

cKoro

mesa

flnaro, rrlrocKorop6e)

xapaKrepu3yercr sHaqurerrH;rMu

rro

rnoltaAl,I o6lacrrMr noKa.Jr6H6rx Koppo3HBH6x nonper4,4eHnfi,

Koropbre

nepeMexalorcr rrnorr1aqsMu MsrartI4 noo6rqe ne sarpon5rrsrllra xoppo:ueft

(puc.

3.2,

qn.

nlcn.). frry6nua [poHr,rKHoBeHr,rr

45 urr,r/ro.q.

Bce oc-

TaJrhHbIe rHnEI noxanr,Hrlx Koppo3aBH6rx nonpexgenufi Jrexar

MeX.e/

oTrlMfi

KpafiHHMu

cryrarMn

(puc.

3.3, 3.4,

un.

nu.).

A.H.

Mapxuu, P.3.

HusaMoe

flo-nu4unaouy,

Haqa.rlo ltHTeHcIrBHbIx

l4ccreAoBaHl'lfi

n o6cyxAenur

Meft3a-Koppo3ulr

orHocl,ITct

K 1987 r., rorga

ua exero4noft

xoHtfepenqnu

NACE

(AueparaucKafl

HaqI4oH:tJIbHat

accoquaqut

IrH)KeHepoB-Koppo3I'Io-

HxcroB, c 1995

MexayuapoAHa{

accoqna{[s

lrHxeHepoB-Koppo3lr-

onucron)

6rn npegcraueH

AoruIa,q

no 3ToMy

Bonpocy

[43].

aamllei-

rlreM I,I B[Jrorb

Hacrotlqero

BpeMenu

pa6orsl

no nsyqeHl'Ilo

H l4ccJreAo-

gaHr{ru

N{e

ga-roppo3ul{

no-nBJrtJIHcb

exeroaHo. Ycrauoaneno

[43,

66-

741, uro

puwrrue

uefisa-nopposuu,

HenpeMeHHbIM

ycnoBI'IeM

Koropofi

,gBI,SCTC-f,

H:UIUTIHE

B CI,ICTEMC

YTJIEKI-ICJIOTrI,

3ABI.ICI,IT OT C.IEAYTOqUX

T[AT-

ropoa

(no

creneHu

raxHoctu):

xrrMl,IqecKoro

cocrana

lr uop$olorHu

Ml'tHepaJrbHbIX

ocaaKog, o6-

pzr3yloUluxc{

Ha noBepxHocTll

Merajlfla B

pe3yJlbTaTe

KOppo3HI'I;

cKopocTura3oxl,IAKocrHorofloroKa;

xlrMr,rrrecKoro

cocrana

soguo

$a:u;

xnMrrqecKoro

cocraBa

MeraJIJIa

H ero

repuoo6pa6orrca.

npuHqune

uexaulr3M

Bo3HHKHoBeHHt

Me 3a-Koppo3l4H

AocraroqHo

OIIEBHAEH

BCJIEACTB'IE

NP}ICYTCTBI4{

YTJIEKI{CJIOTbI

HA IIOBEPXHOCTI'

KOP-

po3rrpyrouero Mera.rua

o6pa.:yrorcx

xap6ouarHue

uuHepa:rbH6le

orJro)Ke-

HHl{,

Koropr,re

qacrqqHo

yAarflorct nororou. Yqacrrr'r

MeraJUIa

c orc;lo-

I,IBrXr.rMCt

OCaAKOM

CTaHOBtTCt

aHOAaMH'

KaTOAHag CTa,AI',It

npOTeKasT

ocHoBHoM

Ha coxpaHLIBIxI,Ixcr

ornoxeHrisx.

OcaAKu,

ecrecrBeHHo,

aoJDK-

Hrt 6lrrr

npono4rqultu,

vro o6ecnevunaercx

6larogap{

HaJII'ttItilo

B HIlx

nop, Tper{r.rH

Apyrr.Ix

Heo.qHopoaHocrefi

oano,rueuHbx

MHHepaJIH3oBaH-

nofi

zogoir

[73,7

41. Tar<r.ru

o6pa:ou,

noBepxHocrl{

Merarula o6pasyor-

ct aKTHBH6re

KOppO3I,IBHHe

MaKponapbl,

npl',IBoa.sulue

pacTBopeHlrro

aHoAoB

gKcrpeMalrbHo

BBIcoKxMII

cKopocrtMl'I.

Cnegonare.nrno,

o6rsa-

TerbHrIMn

ycJloBl,lgur,t uefira-rcoppo:I'IH

.f, Blullorct:

o6pa3oBaHlre

or,qoxenufi

Koppo3l'rpyrcnrei

noBepxHocrl-l

noKajlbHoey,4ilJresrae

oTloxeHufi.

Vtlexracnorgag

cpe4a

parHoo6pasHufi xllllnqecxrlfi

cocraB

BoAHoft

Sa:n

pa:ruunr'rx Mecropox.4eHl-tft

aarot

6olruroe

pa:noo6pa:r're

rax

ca-

Mr.rx ocaAKoB,

TaK

I{ MexaHIr3MoB

lrx

o6paaooanu-r

(cu.

maarl

1,2). Ogua-

Ko n 6orsurraHcrse

pa6or

pevs

u4et o

nap6ouate xenea,

nprlver''r

uoprpo-

.irorul

vacro n xnuuqecnufi

cocrar)

raxux otlloxenui

garucrr

rarcne

xrlMnqecroro

cocraBa

MerarlrJla

I{ repuoo6pa6orxa

rpy6

l7l

7 4)' Totr-

rlrzHa

ocanKoB

or 5...50

unra

l...2 uu.

xoppuun

ueSmenpoMbtctolo?o o6opydoaauw

JloxamHoe

y4a.neHr.ie

orroxcHufi

Mor(sr 6rnr cmsano c

pa.::ruvnrrurl

Qaxroparrau

nu6paquefi, Hanp.rxeHHbrM cocro{Hr4eM,

ycKopeHHLIM

Me-

xaHo-xr.rMr,rqecxr.rM

pacrBopeHr.reM

rrap., Ho nepeoe

uau6oree

na;<Hoe!),

qeM

Moxer HArr.r

pe.r

o raro- n He$renpoMbIcJIoBhIX clrcreMax

Bbrco-

KI,Ie

cKopocrr.r

ABrrKeHIrJl

ra3o)torr(ocrHt Ix [oroKoB. flosrouy

uefi:a-

Koppo3nrc

o6uapyxueanr

Bcero B cKBzDKr.{HD(

(HKT,

rcoprrycax

V3I-[I) I.l

pe,qKo

a rpy6onponogax CCH. Kaxofi rluenno

aorxna

6urr

cKopocr;

noroKa

.4ltq

o6ecneqeHur roKaJrbHf,rx

yAaneHufi

omoxeHufi sa-

Bzcur or runa fi xl,tMllqecKoro cocraBa ocaAKoB, ux

uopQonoruu, npov-

Hocrr{ cqerureHr,rr

noBepxHocrbrc Meram4 MexanfqecKfx cBofigrB oca,q-

KoB, c'rpyKrypbr rroror<a

[74].

CregoBareflbHo, B KaxqoM KoHKperHoM crry-

qae

cxopocrr [oroKa, [puBoAqrqzu K Bo3HHKr{oBeHurc uefisa-xoppo:ur.r,

6yaer

pa:nuunofi,

u rosrouy e

pa6max

no Mefi3a-Koppo3uu He npr,rBoa.flT-

cr KoppemqHr,r cKopocTr, noToKa - cKopocrs

xopporua.

MoxHo Jruur,

KoH-

crarltpoBarr,,

qro

s 6omtrrt

FrcrBe

onncaHH;rx B Jrr..rreparype cr)

raeB

lrefisa-xoppo:urc Ha6nroaa:ru B cKBiDKrrHax co cKopocrtMlt

ABI,IxeHllt

ra:lono.raKocrHoro

noroKa or 2...3

5...8 rralc n HKT BH)"rpeHHIrM

auaMerpoM

6..

l0 cna.

O.qtr u: vexaru:uoB

pa3Brrfl,rr

Meica-Koppo3r{, B cpeAax c HeB6tmKlIMH

3HaqeHr,nrMu

Pco,

npeanoxeH

[66].

I4ccaeaosaHrar

xuMr+recKoro cocraBa

oca,qroB c Br{irpeHHefi noBepxHocrn HKT, excnrryarupoBaBrrruxcr B

Ao-

6unarourix cxsa)&,lrax BaH-Erancroro ueSrrHoro uecropo)I(qeHlrt n no-

Bpex4eHn6rx Meisa-ropposueft, noKiuanrr,

qro

3aecb flpucyrcrByrsroc4q-

Kr,r

.pyx

Br44oB

c npeo6raggrueu rap6ouara xarn4.rx

(ao

90 % ruacc.)

rap6oua'ra

xe.nea

(ao

9 4 Yo

uacc.)

flpucroM Ha6noAasrcs

3aKoHoMepHocrb

paclpeAeJreHrrr.r

ocaAKoB

no noBepxnocru ugralura. Ocagoq o6orarqeH-

nrrft rap6onarou ramqnr, o6Hapyrrr.uv Ha HenoBpeXAeHHrx xoppo:ueft

yracrxax,

a xap6oHaroM

xeJre3a

AHe

cK;roHax

r3n.

Overuguo, s4ecr

uefisa-xopposr.rr

pa3BrrBaercr

B Hecnomro oranon

(pnc.

3.5, rrB. sror.). Ha

nepBofi

craAlrlt Kap6ouar ranrqur

oca.r(4aercr Ha

)rqacrxix

floBepxHocru

Mgrarrra,

npeBparqas

rlx B KaroAHrIe 3oHu. Tarr,r, r4e xap6oHar r<a.nrqlrr or-

clrafi Baercr

H3-3a ryp6ylerrnocra

noroK4 MexaHr{qecKrD(

geQopuaryril

Ap.,

BO3HZKaTOT aHOAHbIe 3OH6r,

KOTOpbre Haqr.rHaroT IHTeHCHBHO KOppO3H-

ponaru

c o6pa:onanueu r:n. B

pesy.nrrare

r.rrrrencuaHoil roppo3xrr npncre-

uounui

no4nfr

cnoft

rnyrpa .rsn

o6orarqaercr

noua:un Fe2*, 6mmgap.r ueiuy

AocrHriuorE

ycnoBnr

o6pasonauux

FgCO3,

Koropbrfi ocaxAaeTc.{

cKlo-

rax

AHe

r3B, 6roxrapya ropposuro. Yvacrxr rso, rge xap6oHar xeresa

A.H. Mapxun, P.3. Hutattoa

oTcJIOI,tJICt, BHOBT, npeBpaualoTct B aKTHBHbIe aIIOALI U Ha HX

MegTe BO3HH-

xaror ".r3ssr

.fl3ge"

(cv

pr.rc.

3 .3 u 3 .4).

Eru:rr.rft

r nsroxeHHoMy MexaHrBM

onucau

Kpo.rerov

(Crolet)

c co-

aBTopaMfi B

[50],

r4e onacaHo o6pa:oaarute uy6oKrx

rMTTr.rHroB B Hrc{Grr(

vacrrx

o6cagHr,x KoJloHH ra3oKoH,qeHcarHbx cKBzDKr.rH. flracrona.r

roga,

cKarIJII.IBaBuluucg B HLtxHHX

tlacrtx

o6cagHsIx

ro,roHn, BbI3bIBaJIa

llHTeH-

cuBr5no

noKiurbHyrc Koppo3r..ro c o6pa3oBaHheM MaKponap

"raroa-anoa",

npxqeM Ha KaroAe npoAyKrbr Koppo3un 6u.nn

o6orauleHr,l rcap6ouarou

Kiulrqut,

a Ha aHoqe o6pa:oBbrBanocb Beulecrao,

o6oraqeHxoe

FeCO3,

lllrr,lrrr (Schmitt)

c coaBToprur.r riccneAona.n nrop$olorruo

ocaur<a xap6o-

uara xe,re:4

o6pa:oBbrBaB[efocr

ynreru.rclmHoil

cpege Ha

yrJlepoAr-rcrr,x

grzllrrx,

I.rMeBuII{x

oAHHarorrri xuunqecxraft cocran, Ho

p:BrHqlrylo

MnKpo-

crpycrypy

[74].

Oc4qor

xap6ouara xene34

o6pa3]rcq]dicr xa

cranr

$eppu-

ro-neprumHofi

crpyrrypu

(API-J55),

n cpegseu sa

l0 uxu rolute,

qeM

oca-

aor<"

o6pa:yroquiicr Ha MapreHcrrrHoii

(ulu

6efiurruoii)

cra,ru (API-C75) e

rex Ne

ycroaurx (sogHu pacrrop

NaCl- l0

r/,r,

P66,

0,5

Mfla, crco-

pocrb

ABri)KeHr.rr

cpeau 2...4 M/c, t

50 n

"C,

BpeMr BbrAepxKH

96 u). FeC03,

o6pa3),Iox1niicr

Ha cranrl API-J55,

nlreer 6olsure

rperquu,

nop Ir HeoAHopoAHocre

no cpaBHeHnrc c rap6oHaroM xeJrea,

ocaxAz

uluucs

Ha cra,rv API-C75. PacnonoxeHHe rpeuIHH

H nop raKxe

3aBr.tctlr

runa MnKpocrpyrcrypbr craJrH

cr:rrri API-J55 rpeqlrHu

u nopbr

pacfloJ]oxeHbr

6olee ulu MeHee

paBHoMepHo

B ToJrrrle

ocaAKa, Ha

cra;rn

API-C75 HeoAHopoAHocrr.r Bo3HHKanr Ha rpaHaqe

ocaAox- rrlera,r-n. llo-

3TOMy OTCnaHBaHlre FeCO3 no-pa3HoMy BJrHreT

Ha Koppo3Hlo

cTaneii

pa3fluqHoii

MHKpocrpyrcrypof.

Bnyrpu FeCO3,

o6pasyoulerocl ua cra.nu

API-C75, norurrcTcr cKorrneHnr rperr1uH H

nop,

pacnonoxesntrx

6,rn3rco

Apyr

Apyry

Ha 3Tofi rpaHfirle. Orge.nr,Hue rpeuluuu u nopu

o6reguH.n-

roTcr, B

pe3yIr,TaTe

qero

3HaqHTeJrbHar IIo nnoqa"qH

tracTb

ocaaKa

Tep.sgT

cueflneHue

c Meriur]Iov,

ae$opvlrpyercr

[r noMaercr

pe3y[brare

Aeiicr-

Br.rJI ocMorHqecKoro

AaBJreHnr

noKuulrHblx

ryp6ylexruocrefi

noroxa.

OuouaHHaq

qacrb

ocaAKa

cMhrBaercr nororoM

H MeraJrJr HaqHHaer

KoH-

TaKD.rpoBar6

pacraopou.

Tanue

l"racrKl

craHoBrrcq

aKTHBHbTMH

aHoAa-

MH, H npn

Aocrarouno

6omnrofi cropocru

ABrur(eHur

cpegsr

rcap6onar

xe-

fle:a Ha Hrlx

y)Ke

He o6pa3ysrcr. AHanorutrHo npoucxoAnr

y.4aneHue

FeCO]

n co crzr.JrH API-J55. OAuaro BcneAcrBHe roro,

rrTo

cKorureHr.rr

rperrlHH r.r

HeoAHopoAHocreii Bo3HnKilKlr B Tere ocanKa, a He

Ha rpaHr.rqe eto c Merzrn-

JroM, a

raKxe

rro rofi nprrqHHe,

qro

ocagoK Ha API-J55 Tonqe

B Tex Mecrzrx,

CO2

ropprrtutt uultttlt

)

vtn rtt

)tk ), 1)

(

)ti )l ).t1)t )tittt

t IL

tae rlpoH3olxno oTcJIoetIHc, Bce

palllto

coxp:tIltrJrlrr

rJrcllKa

ociulKil,

raUlr-

ualotllajr

MeT:uur oT Koppo3nH.

Mnr<pocrpyrrypa crareii, npe.qcraareHHbrx

puc.

3. l-3.4

uaprcn-

cHT

ornycKa,

qro

qBntercr

clyraiiusrv.

,{ero

B ToM,

rrro

rrplr

pacirere

,ru$ros;rx ro,roHH HKT ssr6lrpanr no MexaHrrecrult cnoiicrsau, o6ec-

neqlrBarorqr.rM c[oco6Hocrb Tpy6

BbrAepxrBarb

3aaaHHyIo Hafpy3Ky npH

pa6ore

crcna-xnHax.

llosrouy cra,rH, H3 Koropbrx H3roraernsarot I-lKT,

3aBl.rcrJMocru or

MexaHHqecxfix cBoiicrr

pa:6n:ru

Ha rpyflnbr npoqHocrn

(ra6,r.

3. I

Ta6tu4a 3. I

Mexalln.lecKrie cBoiicrsa crareii flKT

noI(eiererH

FDynna nDo'tHocrn cra,ru

t{ E JI M P

Bpeueuuoe conpornBJreHrre oD,

Mfla.

rre MeHee

655 687 699

58 862

1000

llpege,r rerpecru o,, MfIa:

fle

MeHee

ne 6olee

379

56.2

49t

s52

'71

654

758

93.9

980

I l6

Orrocnrenuoe

yAltrHcttue

65,

%o.

He Mellee

l4,l t2,0

13,0 12,3 l r.3 9.5

XuNrfi.recrcHii

coc rag cra,'reii I{KT craH.qapraul,t

ofoBapuBaerct, 3a

rrcK;roqeHHeM cepsr r,r

QocQopa,

MaccoBaq

Aont

Koropblx He

aoJDKHa

npe-

anuarr 0,045

raxgoro

KoMnoHerITa. B Poccun

raxxe MHoTHMH

:apy6exnuun

r!uprrranrn)

Ka.{ecrse 6a3osoir

npnMe}Itercs MapraHuo-

Bucraq

crarb

(Hanpnnaep,

3212

unu

32fZC), npn

Ileo6xoanMocrn

Ao-

norHHTeJrbHo JIerupoBarIHaq

xpoMou, uo,ru6,qenou,

RallaaHeM H

lpyfH-

uu :,reveurauu. Kpoue

rpy6 rpynnrt npo.ruocru

ece

ocra,tnuerpl6sl

llomrcrlr

6srrr

no.ryeprlryft,I

TepM]+Iecrofi u repl.tot'rexaHHqecKofi o6pa6orKe.

floc.ne

3arcalxfi

l,r

sbrcoKoro

ortrycKa

3TH cr:rnu xapaloepu3ylorcc 3aAaH-

ubrM

ypoBHeM

MexaHH.recK[x

cBoiicTB r

Lraue

Bcefo HMercT c'Ip),T

ypy

oT-

rryuleHHoro

MapreHcura.

B 1995 r. aBTopaMn 6ruIu

npoauanu:upoaaHsr

uocelm

o6pa:qor

HKT rpynnsl

npoquocrr K, orpa6oranuux

pzBHbIx

cKBDr(Hlrax oaHofo HesTtHofo

MecropoxAeHHr or 6

16 Mec

rrorB-

JrerrHr cKBo3Hbrx Koppo3fiBHbrx

noepextqeHufi. no xapaKfepy 6rfisrcHx K

rpeAcraBreHHrtM wa

puc.

3.2-3.4

(rny6rzHa

npoHr,tKHoBeHnr noKirlrbHofi

A.H. Maprcuu, P.3. Husauoe

r<opposuu

4... I 1 MM/roA).

lllecrr, o6pa:qon lls BocbMH IIMeJIL

MHKpo-

crpyrcrypy MapTeHcHTa

orrrycKa,

aBa

BepxHefo

6efiHl.rTa.

Eonee 12 ner Ha3aA

ycraHoBreHo

[75],

vro B cna6o

Krrcrrofi cpeae

cKopocTb

Koppo3Hn cTalnu o.4Horo

Ir Toro )Ke xHMnqecKoro cocTaBa

3a-

Bncr.rMocrl or MuKpocrpyrcryplr

Bo3pacraer

ptAy

nepJrHT

cop6nr

Tpoocrrrr

MapreHcur.

Pe:ylrrarsl

MHoroqlIcJIeHHbIX ra6oparopnrx

npoMbrcJroBbrx nccregonanlrft

[69,

74, 76],

npore4eHHrx n 1988-1997 rr.,

loarBepxazllor,

qro

yrreKlzcJlorHofi cpe4e

yr.nepoAxcrhre

cra.Jrfi c nep-

rnrHofi u tfepplrro-neprnrnofi

uurpocrpyKrypzrMl

MeHee cKIIoHHtI K JIo-

ramnoft u vefisa-Koppo3t

Lr,

qeM

Mapreuclmuue. Tax, npu ltcnbrraHtux

aBroKrraBe

(1996

r.,

MrrHepanI,I3oBaHHat

BoAa

165 rh NaCl; 0,2 r/n

HCO3

t =

"C,

p6e,

= 0,18

MIIa, HHreHcnBHoe nepeueunnauue)

n re-

\enue329'r o6paguos

HKT

c uapreHcrruoi

nepnhrrofi

MuKpoc'rpyK-

rypavn 6ruru

nolryveHr'r cneAylouue

pe3yJrI'TarI'I:

o6pa3r&r

c Maprencrmofi

MralpocrpylC)?ofi

(repvoo6pa6cnxa-sa-

rta,u<a

mrrycr)

cpeAHenoBepxHocrHat

cKopocrb

norepl'I Maccbl Merat,'ula

ycnoBHoM

nepecqere

Ha rrry6mry

xoppozrtu

coclavuta

2,32.

. .3,85

utu/roa,

rny6una

npouuxuoBeHut

JIoKaJrbHoi

xoppoaun

3,2...39,1

lrrr.r/ro4;

o6pa3ubr c

rreplrrnofi

vnxpocrpyrcrypoft

(repuoo6pa6orxa

- nop-

Marlr3auuc, craJ'rb

coAepx:

0/o

uacc.

xporua)

cpeAHerloBepxHocr-

Harr cKopocrb

rrorepu

Maccbl MeraJIJIa

ycJIoBHoM

nepecuere

Ha rrry6uny

Koppo3r.rr4

cocraBrr.Jla

2,42-..2,78 unr/ro4,

r:ry6nua [poHI-IKHoBeHI'rt

JIo-

KarbHofi Koppo3ur

se 6o.nee

0,6 uu/rog.

B cB.r3H c arHM

anr

yMeHbIxeHlIJI

onacHocrl4

pa3BI'ITH'

roKanbHofi

I'I

Meil3a-Koppo3HH

yruIeKxcrorHoI cpeAe

peKoMeHAyerc,I t.icnonb3oBarl'

FIKT c

nepn[THo

ra,'ru tfeppuro-neprurHo

crpyrrypofi,

noJl)r'laeN{oii

psyJrr,Tare

repMHvecxoI

o6pa6orxu

rpy6,

npn

yclonnn

coxpaHeHlxl

IIMH

seo6xoArusrx

uexaHuqecKux

cBoficrn.

p.n4e

rry6lraKalluft

orMeqaercq,

trro

rroBbrtleHrrro

cro[rocu

IIKT r,roxa,rsHoE

Ir ue la-rcoppo3Ht.{,

Haptq/

c repuoo6pa6orrofi,

o6ecneuusarolqei

[epnrrnylo r.rrtu

$epprro-neplrrr-

Hyro MnKpocrpyr(rypy,

croco6crnyer

JIerHpoBaHLte crilrn

xpoMoM B KoJIH-

qecrBe

I %

(uacc.)

169,761.

Crofixocrr

xopposl.rn HKT

rpynn npovHoctr K,

J55

6e: cneuu-

a.rrHofi repuoo6pa6orxr,

srccnlyar

poBaBuHxc.fl

Ao6ltrarcunx

cKBa-

)KHHax

pa3rurrHblx uecropox<geHni

3ana,4lrofi Cn6upu, Ha ocHone

nrr-

6opxa

164 noxamHux

xoppo3l.rBHhlx noBpe44eHufi

HKT

(:a

nepr'ro4

1992

no 1.999 r.)

c.ne,qnoqar:

COt-

rcoPPxua u echm enpovbt

ctloaozo o6opydoeatust

cpeAHee BpeMt

gKclrryaraur,ru

HKT

B cKBDKIzHe

no.f,BJIeHIlJI

cKBo3H6rx

JroKaJrEHrrx Koppo3I{BHbIx

noapexgenufi,

B ToM

qucre

MeE3a-

Koppo3rru, xoJre6retcs

s npenetax396 ! 162

cyr;

Mr{HuManbHoe rat}urccuposaHHoe

BpeM.f, 3Kcntyaraqtrfi

HKT

cKB:DKrrHe

frorBreHuq cKBosHoi

rr,re :a-ropposuu

156 cy'r;

MaKcriMaJrbHoe :a$urccr.rponanHoe

BpeMg 3Kclrryaraqufi

HKT

cKBa)KHHe

nOrBJreHHr CKB03HT,IX

JIOKaJIbHbIX KOppO3ItBHbtx

rIOBpe)K4e-

HHfi, B ToM uuore ueii:a-roppo3l{Ir,

cocraBJlter 1308

cyr;

nau6o:ree Bepo.f,THoe BpeMt 3Kcr[ryaraquu

HKT

s oKBDIGIHe

no.lBJreHr{t cKBo3Hbrx

noKajlbH6rx

Koppo3nEHblx floBpexaeH[.t

B ToM

uucre

uefi:a-xoppo:r.ru

382 cyn.

flpz

yra:auurrx

cpoKa,\ 3Kcnnyaraquu

HKT n

cxgax(HHax cKBo3HbIe

Koppo3uBH;re

rroBpeNgeHna ua6.nrcgatorcx,

6e:yc,rosHo,

He Ha Bcex HKT

B noABecKe. TaK, flpn MnHttMzlJrI'HoM

:atpnrclrponauuou

BpeMeHI'I

3Kc-

nnyararlrau

HKT B cKBaxHHe

IrotBiIeHItt cKBo3Hofi

Mefi3a-Koppo3lll'l

nonpex4eua o6sruno

6r'rsaer

oAHa

HKT s ro.qgecKe. IIpr

cpegneu u uau-

6o,ree

nepo.rrnou rpeMeHH 3rcruTyarauau

rcoppoour

Ha6 rtogaYrcl' ua2,..

HKT

n rogsecre, a npn MaKclrMzrnbHou

:aSurcrzpoaaunoM

BpeMeHu 3Kc-

nryaraquu

HKT n cKBalKHHe

no.f,BJIeHLtt cKBo3HsIX

roKanlHblx Koppo-

3r.rBHbrx noBpexAenufi,

n rou

uuc.ne lreft:a-noppo3tlH,

Koppo3Hefi Mor)'r

6snr

losper44eurl

30 HKT

e noaBecxe.

Aualu: ,rureparypr't,

ra6oparopurre

HcrIbITaH t

orrblT

3Kcnlryara-

quu

HKT

paunvHr,rx

rpy[n

npoqHocrlt Ha Mecropon(4eHu.gx

3ana,qlrofi

Cu6upu no:sonrror ct[opnayruponaru

o6Iqne

rpe6onaHr.u

r rr.rerarury ]IKT

nr.f,

noBErureHu.f, crofixocrr.r

rpy6 x

yrreKl'IcrorHoii

ueft:a-nopposuu:

F{KT

Ao.nxnrr

6Hts

HgrorosreHrt no

cnequ$r.rraqun

API

5CT,

J55 rzru N80 r,r repMoo6pa6oraH6l

(uopluaru:aqnr) no rceuy reny

rpy6rt

Arr

ronyqeH[r

Qepprro-nepnnruoii

crpyKrypbl;

COAEP)'€HI{E OTAEJI6HbIX

KOMITOHEI{TOB

B COCTABE

CTAJIN

AO]DKHO

6r,rrr cre.rryroulau:

cepsr r.r

$ocr[opa

AoJIxGo

rlpeBblurars 0,03

(uacc).;

yuepoga

or 0,3

0,38 %o

(uacc.);

uapraHqa

or 0,8

.qo

1,0 %

(vacc.);

xpova

0,8

l,2Yo

(uacc.);

yAapHarr

Bt3Kocr6, onpeAeneHsarl

o6pa:qax lJJapnu c V-o6-

p.r3HbrM

HaApsoM

ne ueHee

,{x

npu

'C.

A.H. Mapruu, P.3.

HusaMoe

3.2. Yrne(HcnorHar l(oppo3],ln

Tpy6onpoBoAoB cucreM c6opa He+ru

Koppoeusnsre

ycJroBrrr

B rpy6onpoBoAax

CCH

no cparneuuro co

cKBa)KHHaMLt XapaKrepH3ylOTC.{ 6O,lee sUgru.ruu

cKopocTrlMtI

ABux(eHI.tt

ra3ox{rrAKocruoi cMecu

(o6brqHo

6oree L..2 ulc) u nap\ua:rrHbrMH

AaBJreHHrMr,r

yrneKrrclrorbr.

HMeHHo r rpy6onpoeo4ax

CCH

pealr.rsyvrcr

6ors[uncrso r\,rexaHH3MoB

yrJreKrrclmHofi

roppo:ru,

no4po6Ho onucan-

nr,Ix s

raase

OcHoBHbrM

BHAoM

Koppo3nBHbrx noBpelr<,4enrlft rpy6onpo-

BoAoB CCH npu

yrneKucnorHofi

Koppo3nu

rBJuercr noxanbHiu Koppo3r,t r

B Br.rAe t3B r4

cBurqefi. HaprAy

arHM, oco6eHuo r rpy6onpoBoAax

6onb-

ulrx

guauerpoa

(426

ruu r.r 6oree), so3MoxHa raK Ha36rgaelrar

"KaHasoq-

Har" Koppo3u-{

Koppo3uBHoe

[oBpexAeHHe

HanoMr{Haer

KaHaBKy

nepe-

MeHHofi rny6HHbr,

"nporovenrqno"

no unxHeii

o6pa:youefi

lpy6onpoBo-

1771.

Er,vua

KaHaBKH Bap;npyer or 0,3...0,6

2. ..4 M. Cporul ercc-

ruD/araIIHH rpy6orpono4on CCH

nocsrenur

nepBr,rx cKBo3Hr,rx no-

npex<,4eur.rfi s

pesylsrare

sHyrpeuueE Koppo3HH, B

3aBr.rcr..rMocru or cy[{e-

crByKluIHX B Hr.rx

Koppo3nBHbx

ycJronnfi,

rcore6ruorcr

9 Mec

12 nsr,

npu

HopMarlrBHoM cporce

crryN6u l0 ,rer

[78].

paanurue yueruclor-

Hoi

Koppo3r.rH e rpy6onponoaax CCH

6onsuroe

BJrHrHne

oKa36rBaer

pe-

xHM

TeqeHH{

ra3oxxaKocTHofi cMecr.r. flpx rpancnopre ftr3oxr.raxocTHbfx

cvecefi a rpy6onpoeoaax CCH Halr6onee

pac pocrpaHeHHbrMH

rBrurKlrct

aBe

crpyrcrypbr rroroKa

paccnoeHHiur

H npo6KoBillr.

Paccroenuuii

pex<llM, KaK npaBr{Jro,

Breqer 3a co6ofi

pa3Bnrr.re

ro-

nanr,Hofi roppo:urj B noABHxH6rx

H HenoABHxH6tx

BoAHbtx cKorureHltrx.

pnc.

3.6

(un.

rKn.)

nptlBeAeHa

QororpaQHr

roKanbHoro

Koppo3noHHo-

ro noBpexAeHr.u

yrreKHcJrorHoro

npoHcxoxAeHHJr

(ao

cnaosuofi

rosrr)

BHyrpeHHeft noBepxHocrH

rpy6onpoBoAa

CCH

4r.rauerporu

159x6 lrnr.

Tpy6onporog rpaucnoprupoBan

150 M3/c1n xugrocnr

c o6nogueHHocruo

80 %

(o6rcvu.),

perKr.rM

TeqeHH{

paccroeuuuft,

c nr,r4eJIeHIteM Bo.qbr

orAerbHyro

0a3y,

unrur6nropnar saqtrra

He npHMeHt[acb.

CpoK

eKcffD/a-

TarII,ln

nepBoi cKBo3Hofi

r:nr'r

3,6 roqa.

llpn npo6ronolr

pexHMe

rerreHH.s r,r3-3a HepaBHoMepHoro cMaqr.rBa-

Hxr rroBepxHocrr! MeraJura

Koppo3ur Hocnr.noxalrHsrfi xaparrep no ncefi

glrue

rpy6onponoaa H rrporBJrrerct

B Br{Ae

orAeJl6Hbx rcaHanox, "pyrefi-

ron", r:a lr nrrruHron. Xaparrepurlfi

aHeuHuii u.rg snyrpenHeft nonepx-

xocrn rpy6onpoaoaa CCH,

noBpex(aeHHoro norcanssoX

yuexr.rc.norHofi

Koppo3nefi

uava,uuofi sta4rv

pa3Br't.r4s)

npu npo6rosoru

pexuue

11. PaccllocHHoc

reqeuuc

c t rta,'(tcoii

r'patttttleii

pa3,qena

:::=_=_=::=-:-=r_=_=_=_::=:=_=_=_-_=_-_=_=::=.--=_--:--:-::--:

j--=::-_-_:-_::F_:j--j-j--j-j--=-_:-_l

===-=_=_=_-:=_=_=_=_==f_=_=_=_=_=_=_=:=_=_=_=_=_=:-:-

-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-:-i

i. PaccjroerrIloe

re'lcHuc c

Bo,'rHoBoir

rpaHnueii

pa3Aena

.. [lpo6notr,rc

tt-'t,.'ntte

AllcnenctloHH(re

re,leHIte

,ra- KoJrr,tlcRoe

te.reHtte

fa3

necfrr,

Pvc

l a'loilill:lKoc

rllat

crlccb

2.6. CmpyKmypbt

za3oxudKocmHbtx

nomoKoa

eop

u 30H m an b

H bt x mpy6on

poeoda

flpo6rcotroc

tc.texue

t. npo6ron,rc

te'.rcHtte

lll

Pt4c. 3.1. FseeHHaF

Koppuur

HKT. fny1uHa npoHuKHoeeHue

do 2,8

MM/eod

(e.

HDKHeBapmoecK,

1995 e.)

c. 3.2.

Meha-KoppBun

HKT. rny6uHa npoHuKHoeeHuq do 12 MM/eod

(e.

PadpKHbt

HuxHeeapmoecKud

patioH,

1996 e.)

-"J)

f''

PAc. 3.3. fl3eeHHan

pa3nusHoti

cmaduu

pa3eumur\

u Meha-KoppuuF HKT.

fny6uHa

npoHuKHoeeHuF 6...1

Mr't/eod.

(2.

PadyxHbti,

HuxHeeapmoecKui

padoH,

1993 e.)

Pnc. 3.4. fl3eeHHaq u Mei3a-Koppwuq HKT

pasnu'.rHoi

cmaduu

paseumun,

fny6uHa npoHuKHoeeHus 4...11 MM/eod.

(e.

HuxaeeapmoecK, 1994 e.)

lloroR

-=-._''-.

CaCO:

CaCOr

Fe2*

Pt/,c. 3.5.

MexaHrcM

Med3a-Kopposuu

TIT

Fe:t

It,

rlI

':'

'l'

Pvic. 3.6. noKanbHaF

(ffieeHHae)

Kopposun

BHympeHHed noeepxHocmu

mpy6onpoeoda

(159

x 6 MM) cucmeMbt

c6opa Hebmu. Tpy'onpo1od

mpaHcnopmupoean 150 M3/cym

o1eodHeHHoi 80

(o6aeun.)

ue$mu.

P,KUM deu<eHuq xudKocmu no mpy6onpoeody

paccnoeHHhtti,

eatdenenueu eodbr e omdenbHyn

6a3y.

CpoK sKcnflyamaulu do nepeoir

cKeo3Hoi

rgeH

3,6 eoda. UHeu6umopHaq 3auuma

omcymcmeoeana

Pnc. 3.7.

BHympeHHEe noeepxHocmb mpy6onpoeoda CCH.

Iloxan*an

weKucnomHag

Kopposug e Ha#nbHot cmaduu

pa3aumus

npu npo6Ko6d.M

pexu8e

mgEHug

za3oeodoHebmqxoi cMecu- 6pa3e4

eupe3aH

HoKHei

qacmu

mpyabt

(219x7

MM), mpaHcrnpmupoeaewed

3000

^f/cym

o6eodHeH-

Hot 56

o/o

(oObeMH.)

He6mu. CpoK sKcnnyamaquu 2 eoda, uHeudumopHas

3auluma omcymqneoeana. noapaHurlHoe

MecmopoKdeHue

(2-

HogapbcK)

Puc. 3-8-

"KaHaeoqHas"

Kopposuq HuxHefr o6pasypuletr

mw6onpoeo0a

(325x

8 MM) CCH. CaMomnopcKoe Mecmopox^eHue,

e- HuHeeapmoecK, 1999 e-