Маркин А.Н., Низамов Р.Э. СО2-коррозия нефтепромыслового оборудования

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tu unru6uropot Koppo3ur.r,

yxe

npr,rMerrrrcqr4xcr

Arl

3aulmbl cKBa-

xuH n rpy6onpoBoaoB Ha

,qaHHoM

MecropoxaeHuu).

B Heroroprtx

cJryqaJrx

HcnoJrb3yroT cunreTHqecKyro BoAy, To

ecTI' BoAy,

npHfoToB-

neHlryo nyreM

pacTBopeHr.rr

AHcTnnnHpoBaHHofi

BoAe

pacqeTHblx

KOJIIrIeCTB Onpe.4elleHH6rX COJreu,

TaK,

qrO6U

XnltnqeCXHfi

COCTaB

pao-

TBOpa COOTBeTCTBOBZII XITMHqeCKOMy COCTaBy

BOAbI H3 CKBaD(r.IH IuIr,I

t6'7

A.H. Mapxuu, P.3. Husanaoe

Tpy6onpoBoAoB.

Ecnn

pealsnoft

cacreMe BoAa Bbraelrrer KaKxe-nfi6o

ManopacTBopLlMLIe conH, HanpHMep CaCO3, To clrllrerHqeckylo BoAy

roToBtT B BHAe

AB)rX

paCTBOpOB

KaTHOHHOTO U aHnOHHOTO

BO lt3-

6exanne ocaAKoo6pa3oBaHar

Haqana sKcnepHMeHTa. B

orou

cry-

qae

B rqefiKy

3zurHBaroT cHaqara oAnH

pacrBopoB (0,5

rpe6yenoro

KoJrrrqecrBa

BoAbr), np nepeMerxr,rBaHHu npoAyBaror ero CO2

15...20 uus,

3areM

npr,rJrHBarcT nropofi

pacraop

u npoAyBaror Bo,qy

COz eue 15...20 rr.ruu;

Aaree

npoAoJrJKaKlT

gKcnepr,rMeHT,

KaK

orrl,tcaHo

rtrure. Kouqeurpaqrnr

KHcJropoAa

BoAe nepeA BBeAeHHeM

3neKrpoAoB

gorxHa

6rrrl MeHee 0,01 Mr/n.

Jla6oparopHar

rqefiKa c

Ps6r, B

3ilBHCHMocTH oT rjHTeHcHBHocTH

rrepeMeulHBaHar

KC, norrolrer Moaenr{poBarb

pa3irHqHble

Koppo3r.rB-

H6te ycnoBr,rr

pacc.noexxsr pexr,rM

c BbrAeneHHeM

Boabl B oTAenb-

Hyro

0a3y

n suym,cNouHufi

peNnu.

,ftr

MoAe[upoBaHHr

paccnoeHHo-

pexHMa

nepeMeuHBaHHe s sqeiire

AoJrxHo

6rnr xureHcuaHuu,

uro6u Heors

He cMelruBaracb c

aonofi

a Ha6nrcAa,'racb

qerKar

rpaHr.r-

L(a

piBAerqa

Sa:

ue$rr

Boaa. 3areM HHrH6HTop Koppo3HH

BBo,qsr

HeSrs.

flprl HcnbnaHnrx B

gMynbcHoHHoM

pexnMe

B rqefiKe co3aaror

HHTeHcHBHoe nepeMe[HBaHHe

AJrr

noJryqeHl,lg

oAHopoAHofi

gMynbcur4.

B xoge ercnepnueHTa

ruc'rpHpyror:

cKopocrb

Koppo3HH

(rar44rre

5...10 ur. r)

anr

onpeAeJreHr,rt

MoMeHTa

cra6lanraal\lz,tr KoHTponrHofi cKopocrr.r Koppo3uu

H noAaqa

nHru6nropa;

BpeMt

Aocrr.DKeH[t

ur.rsuua.ltHofi cKopocr]r Koppo3nr,r H ee

3HaqeHHe

(OCK)

ornpeAeneHuq 3autHTHoro 3OOeKra xHru6r-rpo-

RaHlaA n

p,r.s

cpaBHHTeJr6Hr,rx

oqeHoK

pa3tnqHbtx

r.rHrur6uropol.

3aqrrnrrfi

stlt[err

uHru5upoBaHvr- z or,rvuornor no

SopMyne

(4.3).

llpeuvyuecrna MeroAt KH "ra6oparopuar rveilKa

c Pssr" oqenug-

Hrr. OcnosHofi xopposraHufi KoMnoHeHT

npr{cyrcrByer s KC

sHaqu-

TeJIbHbrx KoHrleHTpaqurx, no3ToMy Bo BpeMr acnsnasufi

KpafiHe

peA-

noJryqapr HH3KHe

3HaqeH[r

KoHTpoJrbHofi

cKoposm Koppo3r{n.

cqer npHc)rrcTBn-s

yfJreBoAopoAHo

Qa:u

ronqenrpaqHH BoaopacTBo-

pHMbrx

H Boao,qlrcneprHpyeuux

uHrr.r6uropoB

Koppo3r.rr4 B aoae o[pe-

Aenrrorcr

nx Kog$$nqfieuTaMr{

pacnpeAeJreHr.rr,

rrro

coorBercrByer

ycJroBHrM

peanbHrrx

HeQrenpoMr,rcnoBbrx cucreM. Bx6op

ne$repac-

TBopr.rMbrx

H BoAo,qucneprHpyeurrx uuru6uropoB Koppo3un Mo)KHo

npoBoanTb B

3Mynbcr,roHHoM

pexHMe,

a BoAopacTBopHMbrx

paccno-

168

- xopposua uulmenpoMbtcnoaoeo o6opydoeauun

eHHoM

pe)KHMe,

{To'raKxe

B 6onLuel Hnu MeHbuefi creneHu coorBer-

cTByeT

peaJrEH6IM ycJtoBrrrM.

K orpauuueuuru MeroattKr,I creayer orHecru

ro,

qro

ycJroBrnt

t.tc-

nuraHufi nurn6uropor Koppo3ur.t

B na6oparopHofi

tqefiKe c Pgs, flR-

rttoTcq 6onee xecTKHMH no cpaBHeHl4to c

pearJIbHbIM[

cHcreMaMr4,

TaK

KaK HHrr.r6r4Top a,qcop6[pyerc.fi Ha crenfle rvefina,

gepxareJrrx

3JreK-

TpoAoB

.4aTriHKa

nrHefiHofi norrprcaqrifi A

Ap.,

sa sqer

qero

efo

KoH-

ueHTpaqur

B KC cHHxasrcr, H

QopMHpoBaHHe

saulurHofi

rureHKH

npo-

HCXOAHT npn KOHUeHTpaTIHU MeHburefi,

qeM

Ao3r.rpyeMar

MHKpOTXnpH-

qev.

flo:rouy

Arr .qocrm(eHHr

oAHoro

H Toro xe

saqnrnoro :{tferra

HJrH OCK,

Ao3HpoBKH

HHrh6nropoB Koppo3rrH B na6oparopHofi rqefiKe

C P69r, KaK npaBHJIO,

npeBbIUalOT

AO3HpoBKH

peanbHblx

cIncTeMaX Ha

10...20

Yo- OaHarco

cpasHurersHbre

aaHHbre

pa3nuqHr,rM

nHrra6n'ro-

paM,

noryqaeMbre B

na6oparopHoi

rqefiKe c Pco2, BcefAa xoporxo Kop-

peJrHpyroT

p$yJrbTaTaMH,

noJryqaeMr,rMH

pearrbHbrx

HeoTenpoMbF

cJroBbrx

cHcreMax,

Merone "la6oparopna.r rqefiKa c Pq6r", xar ou

onacaH

B6rrrre,

Pqg,

0,1 MIIa, u

HccJreAoBarert

Her Bo3MoxHocrH

ero n3MeHrrr,- Bo unorrx ckBiDxrHax

rpy6onponoaax

Pco2 MeHbrxe

0,1 MIIa, no3ToMy cyuecrByer MoaHOHKarrHr Mero,qa, no3Bo:rrroulas

H3M€Her6 P66, or 0,001

0,1 MlIa

[97].

ftr

eroro xn.4Kocrr,

B r,{efi-

npo.qyBaror cMecbrc a3ora H

yruIeKl.tcJlorsl.

I,IsA4eH.sr coorHoureHue

o6t,eMHr,rx

pacxoAoB

a3ora

yrJreKHcnorbr

B cMecu, MoxHo

3aAaBarb

pa3rHqHLre

3Haqeuut Pg6r.

flpexge ver'l

npucryrrr4Tr,

K rrccJreAoBaHnrM c rroMourbro npororl-

Hbrx rqeeK HrH

ra6oparopHoit

rqei.fKv c Pco2, Heo6xoAnMo

orrpeAe-

JrHTb,

KaKOi run nurn6Hropa Koppo3uH

Bo,4opacTBopnMsri, noao-

4ncneprlrpyeuufi

rur[ He(hepacrBopurvrufi

-.lryvure

Bcero

"noAxoArrd'

nlr

o6rerra rin[ o66eKroB, KoropHe co6upalorc.r saqnrqars. Coot-

BercrByroure

peKoMeH.qaqrrH

,qaHbr

B uraBe

4. flocre

au6opa runa

peareHTa

Anr

rrpoBeAeHHr nccneaoBaH[fi cJreayeT B3rTb HecKoJrbKo

piBruqHbrx

r.rHr 6HTOpoB Koppo3Hn. Oro6pauusre

anr

HccJre.qoBaHwl

r,rHrH6fiTopbr Koppo3HH

aoJDr(Hbr:

a) ornuqarbcr no xHMuqecKoMy cocraBy

l,t

Qxouxo-xuur.rvecrnu

cBoficrBaM;

169

A.H. Mapxun, P.3. Husauoe

6) 6rrrr

uorcrrowreHH

pa3nr.rrrHbrMn

npou3BoAlrreruMx.

H$aBncHMo

or MeroAHKr,r

HccleAoBaHn

rce

r.rnrr.r6rrropsr

r<oppo.

3r,rn cHaqara

npoBeprrcT

npr.r oAHofi H Tofi xe

KoHuernparlHu

(o6rnuo

30...40 urh).

3areu

2...4

peareHTa,

noKa3aBune

JDnrrrrne

no cpaBHeHHro c oc-

TalrbubrMr,r

3ar{rrrHbre cBoficrBa

6onee rrrcoxr,rfi

3arq}i'rHbtfi

orf$err

r,r

MeHbrrryrc

OCK

nponep.rroT npH

pa3nHqHLrx

KoHrIeHTparIHrx, KaK

MeHb[lrx,

TaK r{ 6orbrxlrx nepBoHaqirlrr,Hoft.

K onr,nno-npouuur-

JreHHbrM r.rcnblraHr.rrM

peroMeHAyror

1...2 unru6uropa Koppo3uu, no-

Ka3aBrrrre

Bbrcorurfi

3ar.t1t,tTHbrft 3OOeKr r.r uusryo

OCK npn Mr-rHu-

ManbHofi KoHr.IeHTpaqHr,r.

xoxqeurpaqub

o6o3Ha.rnM C3..

B6rue,

B rnaBe 4, Mbr nficarJru,

r{To

AJrr

g$Sexrnanofi

saqurr,r

o6o-

pyaoBaHnt

Koppo3rlu unrn6nropalrn xeo6xo4uuo

B KC, KoHTaKru-

pylouefi

STHM

ooopyAoBaHHeM, co3Aarb H

noAAepxuBaTb KoHqeH-

rpaqr.rrO

rHrn6rropa He HIDKe Cyp, H orlpe,(eJrxlH Crr.P- I€K KoHrIeH-

Tpaql

.qaHHoro

nurn6nropa Koppo3r.ru a

KC, o6ecneuuBaro[tyo B

taHHofi

cncrenae Heo6xoAr,rMr,rfi 3arlHrHbrfi sr[$err r.ur.r

OCK. Karurra

xe o6pa3oM, Ha ocHoBaHHH na6oparopHbrx HJru nofleBr,rx MeroAoB Br,r-

6opa nurn6uropoB Koppo3Hr.r, onpeAeafiTb Cu

p.?

Boo6rqe roaopl,

Cs.p

onpelencroT no

pe3ynbTaTaM

npaalJrbHo cruraHHpoBaHHbrx I, npoBe-

.qeHHErx

onbtrHo-npoMlurlJreHHr,rx

ucnsnanaft

uurn6r.nopa Koppo3r.m.

Teu He ueHee .ra6oparopuue

H noJIeBLIe MeroAu

ru6opa

uHru6rlropon

KOppO3I4Ir

TaKXe

no3BOJIilOT OIIeHHTb Cn.p..

Cy.p.

C5.

B cnel0/IolqHx cJIJAatx:

ecnn He+Tepacreopulrru

uHru6urop

Koppo3rru

nrr6r-rpaalr

MgTo.4HKe

"ra6oparopHax

{qefiKa

c Pggr", o sN{yJIrclioHHoM

pexHMe

peajrbHofi

cHcreMe

6yAer

ucnoDsonaH

npH

gMynr,cHoHHoM

pe-

xuMe

ABItt(eHI,u

ra3oxHAKocTHofi

cMecn;

ecnH BoAoar,rcfleprHpyeMr,rfi

xuru6nrop

KopposHl, Bbr6HparH

no MeroAnr(e

"na6oparopuar

xuefira

P6sr",

srrryJrrcr.roHHoM

perr(HMe

r,r B

peanrHofi

cr{creMe oH 6yaer

ncnomsoeaH

npu sMyrbcHoHHoM

pe-

)KHMe

ABUTKeHH.q

Ia3O)KHAKOCTHOfi CMeCH;

ecnr.r HeoTepacTBopHMbrfi

I{nH BoAoar{cneprHpyeMbrft

rtrl.tu6u-

Top

Koppo3r.ru Bbr6rrpanfi no Meroar,rKe

"nporovHrre

ruefiru",

peaurr,-

uoi cucreue on 6y4er ucnonb3oBaH

npr.r

ryp6yneHrHoM

pexHMe

ABH-

xeHr{r

ra3oxHAKocrHofi cMecH c BbtcoKofi o6BoAHeHHocrEro,

t70

- rcopposua n eQmenpot|brcJloaozo o6opydoeauw

,ftr

uo4opacrnopr.rMbrx HHrr,r6HTopoB Koppo3r,rH C1a

cB.r3aHa c C3.

qepe3

Ko3ooHqHelrr

pac[peAeneHlrq

u o6so,(HeHHocrb. flycrb BoAo-

pacrBopl,rMbrfi

xnrr.r6r.rrop

Koppo3nH

eu6uparn no MeroArrKe

".na6opa-

ropHar ruefira c Pcor" r

paccnoenuoM pexuMe npu

coAep)r€Hnr BoA6r

(o6r,euxoe

coAepxasue BoA6r

AoJrrx

eaflHLIIIbr). Torga t[arrnve-

cKirr KoHqeHTpaqst vts.tu6r1fiopa Koppo3Hr.r n

roge,

o6ecne.ruBurajr

He-

o6xoArMyo 3a[Irrry, cocraBlrrJra CB.:

q./(L

(npeanonara-

eu,

"rro

6suro

Aocrnfnyrc

paBHoB€cHoe pacnpeAeneHHe

HHrr,r6u-fopa

uex.qr ueQrrrc r.r BoAofi Il [peHe6peraeM norepeft uHrr.r6umpa

Ha aI-

cop6ryro). [Ipn ncnonrsonauun

BoAopacrBoprruoro

rHrra6mopa roppo-

3lrlr B

peaulbHofi

clrcTeMe c TaKoft xe o6BoAHeHHocTbIo

(v)

C1a.p.

C3..

Eclu

nogopacrnopHMrlfi lrHrfi6rrop Koppo3lru a

peamnofi

cncreue

6yayr ucnorr:onarr npH o6Bo.{HeHHocrH vr,

Cp.p.

C3.(L

v1+

v)/(L

v).

flptt v1

v Cu.p.

C3.,

npr

C4.p.

C3..

Kpainufi cnyraft

BoAopacrBopHMLIfi nHrfi6uTop Koppo3ut

8616uparu

no MeroAHKe

"nporo.rHrre

FrefiKu"

= l),

a 6y,qyr ficnonr,3oBarb nplr

o6BoAHeHHocrn vl. Toraa Csp.

C3.(L

L' vt

vl), BcerAa 6orbue

C3.,

TaK

KaK Z scerAa 6omue 1. CregonarerrHo,

An{

npaBHJIbHoro

Bbr6opa BoAopacrBopnMoro

nuru6nropa Koppo3Hlr

Ba)KHO He roJIbKo

Han'r4 C3, Ho H onpeAenl.rrb

ero KoQ(brqneHT

pacnpeAeneHllt.

171

A.H. Mapxua,

P.3. Husauoe

flputotreu

3Haqeufiq

KoHcranr

x Ba

ypannenllr

Aefaq-XroKKe.rq

rrpfl

TeMneparype

0.,.

100

.C:

(LANGE'S

handbook

of chemistry.

Fourteerth

Edition.

Edited

by John A. Dean,

McGRAW-HILL,

Inc.

New York 1992)

-rc

Aozlfi

I + Bor,

Teuneparypa,

Teuueparypa,

0,4918 0,3248

0,5432 0,3358

0,4952 0,3256

0,5494

0,337 t

0,4989 0,3264 65

0,5558

0,3384

0,5028 0,327 3

70 0,5625

0,3397

0,5070 0,3282

0,5695

0,341I

0,51 I5 0,3291

0,5767 0,3426

30 0,5161 0,3301 85

0,5842

0,3440

0,52t I 0,3312

0,5 920 0,3456

0,5262 0,3323 95

0,6001 0,347 |

0,5317 0,3334 r00

0,6086

0,3488

0,5373 0,3346

t72

CO2

xopposw ueQhenpoMdcno6ozo

o6opydoeanuz

ffpu,zovtenue 2

3QQerruaur,re

paAlrycbr

/i rnAparupoBaHHbrx noHoB

(LANGE'S

handbook of

chemistry. Forrteenth Edition,

Edited

by John A. Dean.

McGRAW-HILL, Inc. New

York. 1992)

I,Ion

3r[r[errltansrfi

pa4uyc

cf 3

oH'

3,5

COr'- 4,5

HC03-

Sont- 4

H*,

Fer*

Nat 4

K-

ca2*, Fe2*

Mg'*

Baz*,

Sr2* 5

173

A.H. Mapxun, P.3. HusaMoe

ffouLtolcenue

Teuneparypnrre :aBHclrMocrlr HeKoropbrx KoHcraHT

xIlMlqecKoro

paBIloBecEf

O6o:Haqcnue Ha3BaHl|e

UHTepBan

TeMnepa-

rypur,

I,Icro.rnrr

Koncraura Fexpn npg

pacrBopeHr.iu

CO2 B BoAe

(oa-rueonocrr

uord(aru. r))

0...60

KoHcratIra

Auccoufiaqnn

ymrEHofi

K[crorbl

IIo nepBofi

CTVNEHH

0...50

Koacralfi a

aIrccoIIHaIruH

yrorbHofi

xacrorll no BTopotr

cTyIIeHIr

0...50

flPcacor

IIpor:ne4eane

pacrBopHMocru

CaCOr

15...70

llPreco:

llpou:neaeHue

pacrBopHMocrn

FeCOr

15...60

fIPNreco:

flpotl3BeAeHne

pacrBoprrMocrn

MeCO.

15...60

I4oHHoe npou3BeaeHHe

Boabr

5...65

t1l

KNagco:

KoHcraHTa

ycroltq

I-{BocrE

NaHCOT

15...60

Kcuso+

KoHcranra

pacraopn',rocrrt

CaSOa

10...80

I2l

norryveHo

arropaux

YpaaneHur

unc=

959'32

-4.6795.

273,2

174

lg K,

6,3 52 * r,rf(t

:h),

175

CO2

xopposun

ueQmenpoMbtcroaozo o6opydoaaaun

lemo".o,

r0.495 r,rr(,

#h),

lemvgco,

4,67

1.35(

2]L),

t+273,2)'

447 |

-lgK.

-l-:_

0.01

706{( +

2T,2)

6.0s7

r + 273,2

lsK"*co,

=-o,zs+t.rrfr

:*),

rauroo

(z,oo8s

t 2.365512

t16,10'181+

0.00r5/r

0.00044

t2 r

o,ozst)rc-a

rgK,

=-16,33+z,zo[r

3h)

lgfrP.u.o,

-s,482 -2.6(t,:t:*).

Cnncox nrreparypur

l. Electric Power

Research Institute. 1982. Design

and Operating

Guidelines

Manual for Cooling Water Treatment:

Treatment

Recirculating

Cooling Water. Section 4. Process

Model Documentation

and

User's Manual. EPRI CS-2276. Electric

Power Reseach Inst.,

Palo

Alto,

Calif., USA.

2. Axmunuu IO.B., Baneee

M..(., Cupnnauoe A.III. flpe4ornpaule-

nue

ocnoxHeHafi lplr

4o6r,rve

o6nognennofi He{ru.

V$a: Eaurr.

nn.

n:a-so, 1987.- 168

c., ru.

A.H. Maprcuu, P.3.

Huzauoe

ffpuaoareaue 4

Mero4ura

onpe4ereHnq cKnoHHocru

no.q ne{rnnrrx

Mecropor(AeHuft K ornor(enrrn

rllrrca

(no

Crnrr*reny

Mam

[ona.rr,gy

CruQQy)

I .

Oupe4elzrr xr.rMnqecKr.rfi cocraB

AaHHoro

pacrBopa

KoHrler{Tpaqr,rH

HoHoB

Cl-, Na+, Ca2*, Mg2*,

HCOI-,

CO32-, SO42-.

2. Pacc,rurarb noHHlro cr4Jry pacrBopa

rro

ypaBHeur.rro

(1.10)

(ronrlenrpaquu

Aonxnrr

66rrb Bbrpaxerrbr

B Monb/n).

3. llo ra6nnqe

AaHHoro

npunolr(eur,rr

(crr.

:rarNe

flplrno-

xenr,re

3) HaftTrr KoHcTaHTy

pacTBoprrMocTrr

casoa npu r,rHrepe-

clTouefi revneparlpe Kgu56o.

Onpegenuru rr66rro'rHyro KoHueHTpar{urc

X runcoo6pa-

3)'roqax HoHoB

-1..",.

crol-1,

rge

C.u,r r.r Cso,-

KoHIIeHrparIHn r,rouor

Ca2* u SO42- n

pacrnope,

ruonr/n,

5. Paccquram

paBrroBecu,,ro

fipu

AaHHbrx

yclroBr4lrx,

KourleuTpaqurc cynrrfara r<a:rqur no rf oprrayne

(ur

era./n)

1000.

-x)

CO2

xopposun

aerjmenportbtctolozo o6opydoeauun

Koncraura

pacrBoprrMocrn

cynrrlara na.nrqnx

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