Маркин А.Н., Низамов Р.Э. СО2-коррозия нефтепромыслового оборудования

A.H. Mapxua,

P.3. Husaaoe

B 1936

r.

Y. Jlasxenbe

[4]

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cJreAyroqee

3MnupuqecKoe

ypaBHeHr,re

Arrf,

onpeAeneHr{r

HHAeKca

HacbrrrleHur

BoAbr xap6oHarona

K{rnbuH.fl

Slcucor

:

pH-

pHs: pH-

(pK/-

pKJ+

p[Ca2*]

+

p[Alk]),

(1.20)

r4e pH

-

SarrnvecKoe

3HarreHue

BoAopoAHoro

[oKzr3areJrr pac-

TBOpa;

PHs

-

3HarreHHe BoAopoAHoto

noKuBaTeJrr

AaHHOTO

paCTBOpa,

HaxoArrrleroc-r

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caco3 npH

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pacrBop

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gMnnpr,rqecKr.rx

KoHcraHT

ypaBHeHr.rr

(1.20)

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0...90

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npune4enu n

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a raK]r(e

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[9-l

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B

rr5r6ruxaquu

[12]

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I

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I

paHssr-,

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cTyneHH;

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-

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CaCO3;

3HaLreHHrr

K2,

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a TaKXe aKTHBHOCTH

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or cKB. 401

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nr/.n

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cl-

t9219

0,5419

Na*

9772

0,425t

c*.

t812

0,0452

Mg'*

413

0,0170

HC03-

422

0,0069

CO12-

0,17

2,9.10-4

Soo'-

1.2

1.2.10-5

pH (ustrlepen

B

ycnoBlt tx, ucKJrIoqauIID(

Jlera3auun

nPo6u)

6,71

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0.07

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l flo

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n Ff

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+

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+

0,0069

+

4(0,0452

+

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:

=

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(uonrh).

2.

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a)],

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l,

a raK)I(e

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aucol

=

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l9

A.H.

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n*

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:

1,6021

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:2,2218

3. Paccqnrrrnaeu

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n

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30

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no

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llpu_

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4.

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pHs

no

ypaBHeHr.rrc

(1.22)

n

316.66,

no ypaBHeHr,rK)

(1.21)

pH5:

10,2855

-

8,5249

+

1,6021

+

2,2218

=

5,59

Slcucor

:

6,7

I

-

5,59

:

1,12.

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Ao

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doHe

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(FeCO3

-

cugepnr)

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qACTO

BCTPEI{ArcUIIIMC'

KOMTIOHEHTOM

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OTNOXEHHfi

S

HeQrenporr.rbrcJroBbrx

cHcreMax

c

yDreKHcJrbrM

ra3oM

[7,

13-15].

OH

o6pasyercr

B

pe3yJrbrare

pearcqnft

Fe2*

+

CO32-

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FeCO:J

Fe2*

+

2(HCo3)

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+

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Hzo

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I

ur/n

flpenuruenue

eroro

ypoBrilr

Ao

3HaqeHnfi

5...15

urln

u

6onee

(70...80

urln)

npouc_

xoAHT

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pe3ynbrare

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pac_

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CO,,-

o6pa:onauue

FeCOr

s

o6reMe

pacrBopa

HAer

no

peaKrIHH

(1.24)

npw

ycJroBHH,

uro pH

6rHsKo

rc

8. 9aqe,

oAHaKo, pH

n

o6rervre pacrBopa

3HaqureJrbHo

HH)r(e

8 u

pearcqux

(1

.24) nporeKaer

B ToHKoM

BoAHoM

20

(t.23)

(1.24)

cnoe y

noBepxHocrv

v,eruura

(npuenempoAHufi

clofi), o6orauleuuorvr

B

p$yJrbTaTe

Koppo3HH HoHaMH )KeJre3a

H

nOAUIerOr{eHHOM

H3-3a

tHA-

poirn3a

Fe(HCO3)2.

B srot cryqae

Ha

noBepxHocrtr

crzrJru

o6pasyercr

nrornrrft

HerrpoHHrlaeuHfi

ocaAon FeCOl,

xapaKTepra3yoquft ca Bbrco-

rofi

a4resnefi

n xoporuuMu

3aulr,rrHbrMu csoficrsaMr.r

[4-16].

Bos]ro-

)r(eH

r,r nnofi

uexauu3M ocaAKoo6pasorauus

-

B

pesyJmare pearqnft,

nporeKarcrqrrx

a

a4cop6npoBaHHoM

cocrorHuu Ha noBepxHocrlr

craJrr.r

(pH<8)

[7]

Fe2*

+

nH2o

+

co2

-+

Fe(HCo3)

+

zr{

2Fe2*

+

nl{2o

+

Coz

-+

2Feo.FeCorJ

+

+rf

(t.2s)

(1.26)

HoHu BoAopoAa,

grrcso6oxAarouruecc

B

pe3yJrbrare peaxqr,rfi

(l.25)

u

(1.26),

pacxoAyrorcr

Ha

Aenorrrpn3arrnro

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npo-

qecca,

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a

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craJru

o6pasyercr

rpyAHopacrBopr,r-

Moe

coeAHHeHr.re npeAnoJraraeMoro

cocraBa FeO.FeCO3, HrBBaHHoe

aBropaMn

[6]

xopporurou. flo

[6]

rcopposr.rr

npeAcraBrqer

co6ofi

nerKonpoHlrqaeMoe

pbrxJroe

BeuIecTBo

rlepHoro

IIBeTa,

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or Bcex

H3BecrHbrx oKHcJIoB )I(eJIe3a.

.{alrHefi

runMLI HccJIeAo Bauvflv'vl

[3]

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r{To

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n rpy6onpoBoAax

CCH

u

B

crrHTerHqecrofi

nracrosofi

ro4e

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Apytux

Mecropo)r(AeHnfi

Huxse-

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pafioua,

npncyrcrByror TIeMeHTHT

(Fe3C),

cHAepHT H Tpe-

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crpyKType cnAepr,rra. }ra

Sa:a,

Bo3MoxHo, sBlrterrcs

cynep-

noauqueft

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(FeO),

MarxeMHTa

(a-Fe2O3),

MarHerHTa

(FeO.Fe2O3),

uuerorqux rcy6nuecxyro c'rpyKTypy.

flocrcollrcy rperbt

rfa:a

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c

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flporuos

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rroAXoAa

-

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(1.17)-(1.19)

rarpyaHeu H3-3a orcyrcrBns

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B ro xe npe-

2t

A.H. Maprcua, P.3, Husauoe

Mr Bo3Mo)r(Hocrb

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nporHo3HpoBaHHr ero BbrrraAeHHr B

ocaAoK rroATBep-

xAeHa

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[18].

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ro

$opMyilarr,r

(1.21)-(1.22),

cgetaz

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puc.

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e

ue$renpoubrcJroBbx

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rAe Koppo3r,rr nporeKaer

no

yrureKr{-

cJIorHoMy

MexaHu3My,

gru

coJrn,

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ll.u6o

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[9],

nogroMy Mbr He 6yaena

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Barbct Ha HHx no4po6Ho. Orrrsruna Jrnrrrb,

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cBs3aHH6re c

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cropoxAeHr,rfi,

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no4po6uo

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y

120,

2l];

npornoe

BbInaAeHI{r

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BaSOa, SrSOI

-

n

[20].

Mano.4ma, npeA-

craBJreHH{r.,r B

l2?1,

rBJurercfl oAsofi

rlr

Jr)r.rrxtlx

n nau6olee tracro

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pacr{era

npaBe-

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B

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flpuMepu HeQreupoMblcJloBrrx cucreM,

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, B ocHoBHoM

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qrAer6r6D(

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n{ApoKap6ouarno.uatplreBoMy

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cocras

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22

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()

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- rcoppostn

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1600

1200

20"c

Fe2*:3

ur/r

40

"c

Fe2*:10

ur/n

0

20

40

60

80

100

flapryralrHoe

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Prac. 1.5.

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5

234s67891011121314

pH

Pnc.

1.1 .

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uexdy

pH

u xoutpHmpaqulMu

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yeonanoi

Kucnombt,

6uxap6ouam-

u rap6ouam-uoHoe.,Qucmunnupoeauuaq

eoda

npu

meMnepamype 25"C

A.H. Mapxuu,

P.3.

Husauoe

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xap1ouama Kanb4uz,

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u

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e

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70 80

90

100

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u

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ro opeur

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ue ll't-

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aaHHoM

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26

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nuau roropofi

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B nr,neparype

125-271.

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+ 2e-

-+

Hz +

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+ e-

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+ H2O

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+ HAIC.

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(2.4)

(2.s)

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p1tquu

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Hro* + e- -+ H,

t Hro

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llnarrapr,rorqefi

H KoHTponHpo-

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crofi o6naeru,

ro nalt6olee 3aMeAreHHas

cra.qurl onpeAenseT

rrnclreH-

Hoe

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pa3rrrrqHo

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npu

yc-

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rrporeKaHlr;t

Apyr[x

craAr.rfi.

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3aMeAJreHHoMy

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=

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4ecop6-

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(t

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r,I

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Dr = 0,1 l. .. 0,12 B,

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bK

R

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pa3pfl.AA.

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Aa

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g

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nnacroBofi aoge

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noJD reHbr,K

= 0,115...0,128 B.3xcnepr.r-

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=

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:

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pH

=

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/: 50

oC,

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B onblTax

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=

-

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(no

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xu-

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napaMerpoB

\Er

/ )pH,

)lgi

r

/ )pH

[27]

ue

galo

ro:-

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KaTOAHO|O

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BOAOpOAa'

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He

cooTBgTcTByIOT

Ht.',l TeOpUI4

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pzr3pcaa, HH

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:aueg,reuHofi

perov6uuaqnu. OqeelrAuo,

ecrl'I

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cralu

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nporeKaer

c BoAopoA-

HoE

geno:rxpura{uefi, to

pearqan

pa:prga,

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HiIH

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c coH3MepHMI'lMH

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npuqeM

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pa3rlllx

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qro

soo6ue

xapaKTepHo

Ant

KHCJIOT-

uofi

rcoppo:lru

MerarJIoB

rloArpynnbl

xenesa

127)

O4Harco

ue:alucutvto

or MexaHI{3Ma

reopHr

rogopo4Hoil

AenoJItpI'BauHH

He

nogsorser

o6t'-

tcHr.rrb

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crr.r

yrJleKucnorHofi

ropposl'tu

c

pocroM Psst

lero

B ToM,

qro

yrtte

npu

Ps1roKono

I Mna

pH

cpegrr

(co

cla6ofi

n cpe4nefi

MI'IHepaJII.'I3a-

quefi)

paneH

3,3,

u npu

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yBerHqeHLH Pse,

oH

HO cHruI(a-

ercr

(cu. rirary

l),

B To

BpeMt

KaK

cKopocrb

Koppo3ltH

npoaonxaer

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Bnnorl'

Ao

P66,

=

5

Mfla

[28].

lloerouy

Han6onr'uee

pac-

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nonyqlula

roqKa

3peHut'

coDlacHo

xoropofi

npruoe

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BKJIaA

B

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npoqecca

npn

yrJIeKHcJIorHofi

xopposllu

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oKHM

cqrraercr

noAXoA,

pelBr{rblfi

s

pa6orax K

,{e-Bapaa

*

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MtlrI-

nuav'ca

129-31),

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npeano)K[nu

cneAyrouee

ypaBHeHue

aeno-

flrpH3auull

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[poqecca

npH

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cra'nu

(:ave4leHHar cragnr)

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+HCO;

(2.6)

c

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rq'T

eu

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UJIA

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MeCTO,

HO

He

cBIt-

eTcf,

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qro

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orpaHr.tqeHlltMl,t

H

nporeKaer

s KliHerlqecKofi

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caTb

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28

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lK

=

tK

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-

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-

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no

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A.O

-

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aKrHBauHH

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C

yrerov ypaBHeunr (1.3) ypaaueuue (2.7)

npmmuaer

aut

i

r

=

krPto.G'

exp(-

rcnr).

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rar G

=

Goe*p(tanr)

(cr"r.

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jx

=

tx PJo, G,i

(e

xp(n MIl Rr))

(exp(-

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-

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o6e

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(2.

I I

),

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let*

=lektK--

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no Koppo3HH

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cpeAax, HacbruleHHux co2 noa

pa3J'IHrr-

HBrM

AaBneHHeM,

aBTopaM'.r

129-31)

6t

tlu onpeaereHbr

aBa

nepBbrx cra-

raeuux

npaaofi

qacrH

ypaBHeHHr (2.12),

a suaueune n npnHrro

=

0,7.

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pe.4axunr

)paBrreHHs

(2.12) (c

nepexoaou

orTx r cxo-

pocrn

ropposuu)

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KaK

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-

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tsv-",

=

a,+at

-

ffi

+

o,61tsPco,,

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-

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norepu Maccbr Mera;tra,

r/1n.r'.r)

s

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ao,rxso

6srrr

Br,rpalr{eHo s Mfla. CorracHo

ypaBHeHr.rrc

(2.13),

xoropoe

'Mu.aaeupe

ar(uro

ypaolerue

fle

Bapaa

-

Mxnnuanrca

no

I

l4]

BcrcrcMeCH;

B

oprrnrrajre

Pco2

BLrpaxcHo B

6apa(; I 6ap =

0,1 MfIa

(2

e)

(2.10)

(2.1l)

(2.12)

(2.

r3)

29

A.H. Mapxun,

P.3. Husa oa

He

)qrrrHBaer

aHoAHyro

cTaar.rlo

Koppo3noHHoro

npoqecca,

yrneKxcnoT-

Ha.g Koppo3xt

3aBI,rcI,rT

ToJIbKo or

Ps6ru

TeMnepa4/pbl. O6lacrr.r

gsaqe-

Huit Pssrl,t

,, rAe

ypaBHeHHe

(2.13)

aaer

peoyrbrarbl,

KoppenHpylol{He

c

npaKrHqecKsMu

aaHHbrMr,r

o

Koppo3nn HeQTenpoMbrcnoBoro o6opyAo-

BaHHt, onpeAertlorc{

KoopAl.IHaraMH Pco2<l MIIa, t

<

140

"C

[14],

oA-

HaKO

Her

npr.rHrlr,rmranbHbtx ofpaHfiueunit

alt

Hc[orb3oBaHH.c

ypaBHe-

uu.r

.{e-Bapaa

-

Murrnauca n npra

P66r> I MIIa.

Cnegyer orMerlrrb,

qTo

peuraK)ulee

BJII,IJIHHe

napqHanbHofo

AaBneHut

yrneKHcJloro

ra3a

H

TeMneparypLr Ha npoqeccbr

yfJlexrcroruofi

Koppo3r.r[

6uro

ycraHon-

neHo

yxe

B nepBbrx

pa6oTax,

nocBruleHHsrx

sroi npo6.neue

(coporo-

Bbre roAbr XX BeKa, CIIIA).

Taxnu

o6pa:ou,

npu

yrneKr,rcnorHofi

Koppo3HH cranl

Aenontpu-

3allHt MOXeT OCyqeCTBJItTbCt

:

.

HoHaMu BoAopoAa H3 o6r,eMa

pacrBopa;

.

HoHaMn BoAopo.4a,

nocBJltrcu{'lMttct [plt

AHccoUHaIIur'r

HzCOt

e

npH3neKrpoaHoM cnoe;

.

ITJrreM He[ocpeAcrBeHHoro

)AacTHt

HzCO:

B KaToAHoM lpOqecce'

I4g srmeH3roxeHHoro

ctre.qyer,

qro

BoaopoaHat

Aenontpltal{,tt

aoJDKHa

BHOCI{Tb OTHoc[reJrbHO

He6orbrllofi BXraA B 06II[/10

Aenonrpn-

3arlHro, no KpafiHeft lrepe

nprl

rrrcorrx napquaflr,Hbx

AaBJleururx

CO2.

B

[32]

npe4noxeHa cxeMa

3telopoxl.IMHqecKoro BoccraHoBJreHlrt

tIzCO:

ao

HH3lIIux opraHHqecKlIx

KtacJloT I,I

AaJIee Ao

MeTaHa. flpoUecc

npoTgKaeT B HecKoJrbKo

cTaal,Ifi IIpn Bce 6oJree noJloxl,rrerbHblx

no-

TEHUHA'IAX

CO2 +

2H3O* + 2e-

-+

HCOOH + 2H2O

HCOOH

+ 2H3O*

+

2e-

-+

HCOH +

3H2O

HCOH

+ 2H3O*

+

2e-

-+

CH3OH

+ 2H2O

CH,OH

+

2HrO* + 2e-

-+CH4t+3HrO

Bosvoxuocrr

[por€KaHuq

raKID( npoqeccoB

o6ocHoBbIBarH

[32]

Ha6nIoAaeMbIM noJroxrrreJl;HbM

cMeIqeHIleM

floreHllfiana cr?.Jln npu

nporrycKaHHH

qepe3

BJrDKHyro noqBy

yfneKHcJrorbl

no,4

AaBneHIreM

ao

0,1 MIIa. O4naxo

nocroraxy B ra3oo6pa3Hblx

npoAylcax

yrneKncnor-

HO KOppO3rrH He BCerAa

O6HapyXI,IBaIOT MeTaH, BbrCKa3aHHOe npeAno-

JroxeHrre

H)Dr(AaeTcr B

AonoJrHr4TejrbHofi

nponepre.

30

(2.t4)

(2.1s)

(2.16)

(2.17)

CO2

-

xoppozun

rcQmenpoudcnolozo

o6opydoeauun

flepexo.4

Mera;rra

B

pacrBop

B BrAe HoHoB

(anogHoe

pacrnopeuue)

npeAcraBJrrer

co6ofi cloxnrlfi

npoqeccJ

Teopnr r(oropoto

Hau6olee

nocreAoBarerr,Ho

H3noxeHa B

TpyAax

.fl.M. Konmtrpruua

133,341

n

ero

[rKonbr

[35].

Cornacno

etofi reopuu,

gJreKrpoxuM[t{ecKoe

pacrBo-

peHl{e

MeTaJIJIoB

nporeKaer

qepe3

pr4

craanfl,

oAHa

h3

Koropbrx Moxer

paccMarprrBarlcr

KaK xuMuqecKar.

Bsauuogeficreue

raKoro

poAa

npeAcraBn.f,er

co6ofi aqcop6quoHHo-gneKTpoxnMHvecroe

n3auuo4efi-

cTBr4e

noBepxHocTHbrx

aToMoB

MeTaJrJra c

oaHLtM zns

HecKoJrbKHMLt

KoMrroHeHTaMH

cpe,qbl, npr.rBoArrrlee

r o6pa:orauarc

rroBepxHocrHbrx

KoMrrneKcoB.

Xuuuqecras craAlr

Moxgr BJrlltrb

Ha cKopocrl

rrocJre-

,ryrorqefi

gJleKTpoxHMnqecrofi

cragun,

a

3Haq[T, H Ha cKopocrb

npo-

Ilecca B

ueJroM.

KorunoHeHru cpegu (ar*rourr)

Moryr

npHHr{Marr,

He-

nocpeAcTBeHHoe

JAacrHe

B

aHOAHOfi

peaKr_tul,l

,qarKe

B ToM

cJDAae, Ko-

faa

oHa He BxoatT

B cocTaB KoHeqHofo

flpo.ryKra

oKHcneHI{r

_

aHuoHbl

o6pa:yror

npoMe)KyroqHbre

KoMruIeKcbr,

Koropble

3areM

pacnaAarorct.

lluenno raruu

flpeArloraraercr

MexaHr,r3M pacrBopeHnr

xefle3a: B

3a-

ueA-neHHofi

3neKTpoxHMHqecKo

cta2uu

yqacTByror

KoMnJIeKcbr

c no-

Haruu

OH-,

pacrraaarorqHecr

Ha

nocneAyror{Hx

craAHrx.

Yqacrue

uo-

Hos

OH- B npouecce

aHoaHoro

pacrBopeHHt

xeresa

o6trcH.ser

.ro'r

Qaxr,

vro

cKopocrb

pacrBopeHur

3HaqHTer6Ho

Bo3pacraer

npu nepe-

xoAe

or KrncJroro pacrsopa

K rqeJroqHoMy

[26,

35].

Ilpea.noxeHo

MHo-

)KecTBO

CXeM npoqecca

aHoaHoro pacTBopeHHr

)KeJre3a

c

yqacTHeM

fHApoKcHA-HoHoB.

B xaqecree npHM€pa

npHBeAeM

Kararuruqecruft

MexaHH3M

K. Xoficlepa

,4n.r

rucnux cpe4

(npn

gToM

cAenaHo

Aonyue-

HHe,

.{To

KoHrIeHTpaq[r

Honos

OH-

y

rroBepxHocrn

MeraJrra

Bbrue,

qelr

s o6ret\4e

pacrnopa)

Fe

+

oH- <+

(reoH)*..

+

e-

(reou)*"

+ re <+

(re(neon))*"

(r{feor)*.

+OFr

--r

(Feot)o,c

+

FeOFf +2e-

FeOH* + H,O*

+> Fe2* +

zHrO

(2.l8)

(2.le)

Q.20)

(2.21)

Craryt (2.18).sBrrercr

6ucrpofi

r.r B

peynbrare

o6paryercx

npo-

uexc1noqnrrfi

KoMmreKc

(FeOH)"r",

tstrttolluitcn

KaraJru3aropoM

npo-

3l

A.H. Mapxuu, P.3. Husaiaoa

qecca.

CraAr.u

(2.20)

-

Iumurupyrcnta.f,. 3anHcaB

KuHerHqecKoe

ypaB-

HeHHe JruMuTnpyrouefi

craAr.iu

(2.20)

u no4crarr.rB B Hero KoHueHTpa-

uHro

(Fe(FeOH))aac,

Koropyrc MoxHo HafirH

r43

ypaBHeHHr

HepHcra

3JreKrpoxr.rMuqecKofi craAr.rn

(2.

I 8) r

ypaaHennr

KoHcraHTbr

paBHoBe-

cHr xHM

rrecKofi

c'ra(]1H

(2.19),

noryqHM KHHeruqecKoe

ypaBHeHr.re

aHoAHOTO

npouecca

",o

=ko[oH

f"*p(zo+

t)FE^tRr),

(')

))\

r4e7a

-

anogHufi ror; t4

-

rcoucraHTa cKopocru

aHo4Hofi

peaxrluu;

a

-

roe$$nqueHr nepeHoca; Ea

-

rroreH[H:ur 3nercTpoAa

npu nporeKa-

HHH aHoAHoro roKa/A;

-F

-

qacro

OapaAe.n.

h:

ypaaHeuru

(2.22)

ueay-

er, uro ba

(yr,roaoii

Ko3++nuuelrr :rsnefiHoro

yracrra

aHogHofi nol.r-

pu:aquouHofi

rprznofi)

parHo

2,3RT/((2a

+

1X)

= 0,029 B

(nprzum

cr

=

0,5), a noprAoK

peaKrluH

no uonau

OH-

(m) pazen

2.

3ru zHa,re-

Hus 6rusrcu K HeKoropbrM

gKcnepuMeHTar

bHo

Ha

geunsrlr

p$ynbra-

rau. B ro

xe BpeMr

B

pacrBopax

c pa3nurrHbrMH

$ononrrnan

3neKrpo-

rnraMlr

3HaqeHHx b6

u

m Moryr

crrnbHo pa3rui{arbc.s.

H

gaxe

r

pac-

TBOpaX OAHOTO H TO|O )Ke COCTaBa Ha OAHOM

3neKTpOAe nOJr) reH6r

pa3-

rHqHLre

Beirnrrr,rHst

b6

u m.

O4Ho n: o66rcHeHHfi 3ToMy

-

cxeMa

(2. I

8)-(2.21) Bbrno,rH-sercr

rolrsKo B

craur{oHapH;rx

yc,rosrlrx.

.{,rx

HecrauuoHapHr,rx

yc,rosl.r

ypaeHeu

^e

(2.22)

npHHHMaer Br.rA

y^

=

*^

[oH-].*p(z

a-rE

^/Rr),

(2.23)

rrro

coorBercrByer

ba =

0,059, m

= 7.

lpyroe

o6r,acHenue

pas-

nHqHLlM

gKcnepHMeHTaflbHo

Ha6:rrc4aeusllr

3HarreHHtM b6la m

-

R 3a-

Br.{ctrMocTrj oT MHKpocTpyKrypbr MeTarJra 3reKTpoAa,

cocTorHHr eto

noBepxHocrH,

qr.rcJra

aKTHBHr,rx

ueHTpoB

Ha xei r

gp.

Mor)'T

peanrco-

BrrBarbcr

Apyrue

cxeMr,r aHoAHoro npoqecca. Tax,

-[..{.

3urHep u

A.JI. PorHnqH npegroNnrr.r

cxeNry

[36]

Fe+OH <>FeOH+e-

Fe +

FeOH +

OFI

<+ Fe,

(OH),

+ e-

ne,

(oH), +

Fe, (oH), +

e

-

ne,

(oH);

<+ 2Fer' r 2oH'

,

e

(2.24)

(2.2s)

(2.26)

(2.21)

32

+ nlgPgs,

33

CO

2

- rcoppotun ueQmenpoM brcJt 060?0 o6opydoa

auw

(oropaJr,

B 3aBncuMocru or agcop6quu npoMexj,TotrHbrx coegnneHufi

Ha

lroBepxHocTr,r sJreKTpoAa, npr.rBoarrT K

pa3nHqHLIM

3HaqeHHtM bA u

m. flpu uust<ux pH

u orcyrcrnnu 3anoJrHeHzr noBepxHocrn npoMexy-

ToIIHLIM npoAyKTou

ba

=

0,029, m

=

2;

npu creleHr, 3anoJrHeHur no-

BepxHocrll,

panuoi

egr.ruuqe, u nucorcux

pH

be

=

0,13, z

=

0, a n npo-

Me)rg/ToqHbtx

cJDAarx Bo3MoxHsI lro6rre BapHaHTbt bs H m R

JKa3aH-

HLrx npeAeJlax,

Ha norepxnocru xer'le3a B Bo.qHbIx

pacrBopax

onrt

qe-

oKHMH MeroAaMn

o6Hapyxensr

a.4cop6quouurre

coeAuHeHr.rr

rra[a

(FeOH)*"

[37],

uro rroATBep)r(AaET

fracrr,re,

npu onpeAeJIeHHLtx

ycJro-

BV'X, rI,IApOKCr,n-UOHOB

B npOUeCCaX aHOAHOTO

paCTBOpeHI,It

MeTaJr-

nos.

3Ha.reHI,Il bsv m, flolIl'{eHHbre

Ha

cTaurLHoM

gJreKTpoAe

B

cuHTe-

rr.rqecxofi n;tacrosofi

aoge CauornopcKoro

MecropoxAeHr.rr, [px

yc-

JroBr.rlrx,

yxa3aHH6rx

Bbrure

(cap.

21-28),

cocraBuJru: be

:

0,10+0,01,

m

=0,7

.

9arqe ncero npe,qnoJrararor,

qro

aHoAHbrfi npouecc

yrneKrlcJror-

Hoi xoppo:r.ru

cralru

nporeKaer c

ytlacrueM

!'IoHoB Olf

U4,

29-31,

38], xorr HeKoropbre aBTopsr He

flo,q,qepxnBaror 3ry ToqKy 3peHut

aJI{

cneurarrrHbrx

ycJr

on:air

139,

401.

floxaxeu,

.rro

)Aer

ano.{uofi

peanrlr.ru

c

)

racrueM ranpoKcnA-

I,IOHOB npHBOArrT K BBeAeHHTO

.4OnOJrHr{TeJrbHOrO,

SarUCXqerO Or

pH,

tueHa

B

ypaBHeHue

(2.13).

Ecln rarogHr,rfi

rpoqecc rporeKaer no

ypaBHeHrrro (2.6),

a anogHHfi

-

c

)Aacrr.reM

nonos Oll, ro Kr.IHerutre-

cKoe

ypaBHeHHe (2.9)

xaro4noro

npoqecca

s

o6qeM

BllAe

MoxHo 3a-

NHCATL KAK

j

rc

=

k

rP!,,Gt

(exp(n

mt nr))(exp(- 2,3 E

Kl h)),

a aHoaHoro

;

=

t^

[oH-

|

ex

p(z,t

t

on ).

(2.2e)

flpa craquoHapHoM

pexHMe

6ea

ytvra

o6parnrx

peaxqnft

noc-

craHoBJreHr,rr HoHoB MeTaJrJra

H

oKrrcJreH[r

BoaopoAa MoxHo Hanl{carL,

vroyn

=711

:

j*op.

H Es:

Er=

E*p.. floerouy, norapu{ruupyx

(2.28)

u

(2.29)

u

rryupavn

r,rB.ls

llx, nor)AHM

(2.28)

rrEnAH

lgk^ + /zlg[OH-l+ --lgt

=

lgke +

nls?n

+2 +

bA 2,3RT

(2.30)

E

_

xop.

.

Маркин А.Н., Низамов Р.Э. СО2-коррозия нефтепромыслового оборудования

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