Лекции - Теоретические основы ценности природных ресурсов

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 ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɵ ɩɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɹɜ

ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɫɬɨɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɧɟɞɜɢɠɢ

ɦɨɫɬɢ

ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɚɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹɨɫɞɟɥɤɚɯɧɚɪɵɧɤɚɯɧɟɞɜɢɠɢɦɨɫɬɢ

ȼɫɟ ɬɪɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɢɦɟɸɬ ɫɜɨɢ ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɧɟɞɨ

ɫɬɚɬɤɢ ɉɪɢɦɟɧɹɹ ɢɯ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɱɟɬɤɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɫɟɛɟ ɱɬɨ ɧɚ ɢɯ

ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨ

ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɬɶ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ

ɨɰɟɧɨɤ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɢ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɱɬɨ

ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɚ ɧɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ

Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɡɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɱɟɦ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɬɚ

ɤɨɜɨɣ ɉɪɢɦɟɧɹɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɢ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɜɵɲɚɹ ɬɨɱ

ɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɰɟɧɨɤ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɢ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɤ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧ

ɤɟɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɯɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ

ɉɨɦɢɦɨ ɪɵɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɰɟɧ

ɤɢ ɛɚɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɧɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɯ ɩɨɢɫɤɚ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨ

ɦɭ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɭ Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɵ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɩɪɢɦɟ

ɧɹɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɥɶ

ɬɟɪɧɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚ ɢ ɬɨ ɤɚɤɭɸ

ɜɵɝɨɞɭ ɦɵ ɬɟɪɹɟɦ ɪɟɲɢɜɲɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɟɝɨ Ⱥɥɶ

ɬɟɪɧɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫ

ɬɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ ȼ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɦ ɦɵ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬ

ɪɢɦ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɥɟɫ

ɧɵɯɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ

ɜɵɜɨɞɵ

ɍɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɟɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ²ɷɬɨɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɹɥɟɠɚɳɚɹɧɚɝɪɚɧɢɰɟɷɤɨɧɨ

ɦɢɤɢɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɢɢɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɢɉɟɪɟɧɟɫɹɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟɜɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ

ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶɦɨɠɧɨɫɤɚɡɚɬɶɱɬɨɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɜɬɨɦɫɥɭɱɚɟɟɫɥɢɩɪɢ

ɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥ ɩɨ ɦɟɪɟ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɢɫɬɨɳɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɛɨ ɜɨɡɨɛɧɨɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɢɛɨ

ɡɚɦɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɨɦ ɋɥɨɜɨɦ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɫɨ

ɛɥɸɞɚɬɶɫɹ ɛɚɥɚɧɫ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɢɡɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɦɢ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ

ɭɪɚɜɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɦɵ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɧɭɠɞ ɛɭ

ɞɭɳɢɯ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɣ ɋɢɥɶɧɚɹ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɢɫ

ɬɨɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɱɢɫɬɨ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɟɣ ɑɬɨɛɵ ɪɚɫɫɱɢ

ɬɚɬɶ ɛɚɥɚɧɫ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɡɧɚɬɶ ɪɹɞ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɣ ɫɤɚ

ɠɟɦ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɤɚɤ ©ɪɟɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɚª ɨɧɚ

ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɟɧɬɨɣ ©ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚª ɦɟɬɨɞɵ

ɪɵɧɨɱɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɉɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɰɟɧɢɬɶ

ɪɚɡɧɢɰɭ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɚ ɢ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɥɚɬɢɬɶ ɡɚ

ɧɟɝɨɫɟɣɱɚɫɇɚɥɢɱɢɟɪɚɡɧɢɰɵɛɭɞɟɬɫɬɢɦɭɥɨɦɤɬɨɦɭɱɬɨɛɵɜɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ





ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɦɢɪɟɫɭɪɫɚɦɢɛɵɥɢɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭ

ɸɳɢɟ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɵ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɜɫɨɨɬ

ɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɟɫɨɛɴɟɦɚɦɢɫɨɤɪɚɳɟɧɢɹɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨɤɚɩɢɬɚɥɚ

ɉɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɞ

ɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ

ɪɚɫɱɟɬɵ" Ɂɞɟɫɶ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɐɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ

ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹɜɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɢɢɷɬɨɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɫɥɟɞɭɟɬɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ

ɩɪɢɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɢɪɟɲɟɧɢɣȼɨɬɩɨɱɟɦɭɧɚɪɹɞɭɫɪɟɧɬɧɨɣɨɰɟɧɤɨɣɩɨɤɚ

ɡɵɜɚɸɳɟɣɝɨɞɨɜɨɣɞɨɯɨɞɤɨɬɨɪɵɣɩɪɢɧɨɫɢɬɪɟɫɭɪɫɦɵɞɨɥɠɧɵɢɡ

ɦɟɪɹɬɶ ɩɨɥɧɭɸ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɡɚ ɜɟɫɶ ɫɪɨɤ ɟɝɨ ɫɭɳɟ

ɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹɗɬɚ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɜɚɠɧɚɢ ɞɥɹɪɟɲɟɧɢɹɜɨɩɪɨɫɚ ɨɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞ

ɫɬɜɟɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ

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