Каплан Г.И. Клиническая психиатрия

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Lbibqgufy\ey_lkylZd`_m[_`^_gb_km[t_dlZqlhhgbebhgZ[hevgu[hevrmxqZklv

k\h_c`bagb

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hlghr_gbc ijbq_f gZb[hevrmx jhev kj_^b ikbobZljbq_kdbo gZjmr_gbc b]jZxl

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fZg_j_ `b\uf b djZkhqguf yaudhf Wlb [hevgu_ imlZxl \j_f_ggmx

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`Z`^msboijbagZgbyb iho\Zeub kdehgguod fZgbimeypbbhdjm`Zxsbfb

>BNN?J?GPB:EVGUC>B:=GHA

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gZebqb_ khfZlbq_kdbo aZ[he_\Zgbc khijh\h`^Zxsboky fgh]hqbke_ggufb [ukljh

f_gyxsbfbky jZkkljhckl\Zfb d lZdbf aZ[he_\Zgbyf hlghkylky jZkk_ygguc kde_jha

kbkl_fgZy djZkgZy \heqZgdZ hkljZy bgl_jfbllbjmxsZy ihjnbjby ]bi_jiZjZlbj_ha b

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khfZlbq_kdb_ gZjmr_gby Ijb ^_ij_kkbb m [hevguo lZd`_ bf_xl f_klh oZjZdl_jgu_

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khfZlbaZpbbb dhg\_jkb\gh_jZkkljhckl\h

Bihohg^jby ^bnn_j_gpbjm_lky hl jZkkljhckl\Z \ \b^_ khfZlbaZpbb ih  lhfm

ijbagZdm qlh hgZ \dexqZ_l m[_`^_gb_ \ gZebqbb aZ[he_\Zgby b kljZo i_j_^ gbf Z

lZd`_haZ[hq_gghklvkhklhygb_fk\h_]hhj]ZgbafZb gZqbgZ_lkyh[uqghihke_  e_l

;hevgu_ k khfZlhnhjfgufb [heyfb h[gZjm`b\Zxl jZkkljhckl\Z \\b^_ [he_\uo

hsms_gbc Z\ hklZevghf koh^gu k km[t_dlZfb kljZ^Zxsbfb jZkkljhckl\hf \\b^_

khfZlbaZpbb

IJH=GHA

JZkkljhckl\h \\b^_ khfZlbaZpbb y\ey_lky ojhgbq_kdbf khklhygb_f bf_xsbf

nemdlmbjmxs__ l_q_gb_ lZd qlh [hevgu_ j_^dh g_ h[gZjm`b\Zxl iZlheh]bq_kdbo

kbfilhfh\ J_^dh kemqZ_lky qlh hgb \ l_q_gb_ ]h^Z fh]ml h[oh^blvky [_a ihfhsb

\jZqZGhdZdhdZaZehkvmjh\_gvkf_jlghklbm gbog_gZfgh]hij_\urZ_lghjfZevguc

E?Q?GB?

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[hevr_ m [hevgh]h \hafh`ghkl_c d fZgbimebjh\Zgbx bl_f [hevr_ ijh\h^blky

g_gm`guof_^bpbgkdbo\f_rZl_evkl\

Ikbohl_jZiby hdZau\Z_l ohjhrbc wnn_dl m [hevguo k khfZlbaZpb_c IhdZaZgh

qlhhgZ kgb`Z_lhaZ[hq_gghklv[hevgh]hk\hbf a^hjh\v_fgZ  \ hkgh\ghfaZ kq_l

kgb`_gby nmgdpbhgZevghc ]bi_jZdlb\Zpbb b m^h\e_l\hj_gghklb f_^bpbgkdhc

ihfhsvx Ijb ihfhsb ikbohl_jZibb [hevguf m^Z_lky ihfhqv kijZ\blvky k

iZlheh]bq_kdhckbfilhfZlbdhcbih\hafh`ghklbh]jZgbqblv__

Ijb e_q_gbb [hevguo k khfZlbaZpb_c gZagZq_gby ikbohljhiguo ij_iZjZlh\ b

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y\ey_lky ^_ij_kkby <h \k_o kemqZyo ke_^m_l lsZl_evgh dhgljhebjh\Zlv l_jZibx

ihkdhevdm [hevgu_ k jZkkljhckl\hf \\b^_ khfZlbaZpbb h[uqgh ihevamxlky

e_dZjkl\Zfbg_ijZ\bevghb g_gZ^_`gh

DHG<?JKB<GH?J:KKLJHCKL<H

HIJ?>?E?GB?

Ijb dhg\_jkb\ghf jZkkljhckl\_ gZ[ex^Z_lky baf_g_gb_ beb mljZlZ dZdhceb[h

nmgdpbb l_eZ \ j_amevlZl_ ikboheh]bq_kdh]h dhgnebdlZ beb ihlj_[ghklb Ih^h[gu_

gZjmr_gbykhklhjhgul_eZg_evayh[tykgblvaZkq_ldZdhcgb[m^vba\_klghcf_^bpbg_

[he_agb beb hij_^_e_gguo iZlhnbabheh]bq_kdbo gZjmr_gbc ;hevgu_ dhg\_jkb\guf

jZkkljhckl\hfg_hkhagZxldZdZyikboheh]bq_kdZyhkgh\Zh[mkeh\eb\Z_lbogZjmr_gby

ihwlhfm hgb g_ fh]ml mijZ\eylv bfb ijhba\hevgh Gb`_ ijb\_^_gu ^bZ]ghklbq_kdb_

djbl_jbb^eydhg\_jkbbbf_xsb_ky\ '60,,,5

:

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fh`gh^mfZlvh khfZlbq_kdhc[he_agb

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dhlhjhc fh`gh ^mfZlv gZ hkgh\Zgbb \j_f_gghc k\yab f_`^m ikbohkhpbZevguf

klj_kkhfdhlhjucih\b^bfhfm\uau\Z_likboheh]bq_kdbcdhgnebdlbebihlj_[ghklv

b gZqZehh[hklj_gbykbfilhfZlbdb

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=

Kbfilhfg_kZgdpbhgbjm_lkyhkh[_gghklyfb^Zgghcdmevlmjubg_fh`_l[ulv

h[tykg_g ihke_ ijh\_^_gby khhl\_lkl\mxs_]h bkke_^h\Zgby ba\_klguf khfZlbq_kdbf

aZ[he_\Zgb_f

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Hij_^_ebl__^bgbqgucwibah^bebih\lhjgu_

WIB>?FBHEH=BY

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ihemqZxsboikbobZljbq_kdmxihfhsvhl  ^h  GZijhlb\m [hevguoijhoh^ysbo

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gbadbf?`_]h^ghd ikbobZljmihih\h^mwlbojZkkljhckl\h[jZsZ_lky ²

Dhg\_jkb\gu_ jZkkljhckl\Z gZ[ex^Zxlky m `_gsbg hl  ^h  jZa qZs_ q_f m

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gZ[ex^Zxlky m ih^jhkldh\ b \ajhkeuo ex^_c fheh^h]h \hajZklZ \[he__ gbadbo

khpbZevghwdhghfbq_kdbo ]jmiiZo k_evkdbo `bl_e_c b f_g__ h[jZah\Zgguo ebp

Bf_xlky g_dhlhju_ ^Zggu_ h gZebqbb \ g_dhlhjuo k_fvyo [hevr_]h qbkeZ [hevguo

dhg\_jkb_cm jh ^kl\_ggbdh\fZe_gvdbo^_l_ckljZ^Zxsbodhg\_jkb_c

WLBHEH=BY

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[_kkhagZl_evgh]h bgljZikbobq_kdh]h dhgnebdlZ b ij_\jZs_gby lj_\h`ghklb \

khfZlbq_kdbc kbfilhf Dhgnebdl \hagbdZ_l f_`^m bgklbgdlb\guf bfimevkhf

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kbg^jhfbf__lkbf\hebq_kdmxk\yavk [_kkhagZl_evgufdhgnebdlhf

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hgb fh]ml \uihegylv nmgdpbx g_\_j[Zevguo f_lh^h\ mijZ\e_gby hdjm`Zxsbfb b

fZgbimebjh\Zgbybfb

G_dhlhju_ \jZqb kqblZxl qlh dhg\_jkb\gh_ jZkkljhckl\h bf__l

g_cjhnbabheh]bq_kdmxhkgh\mihkdhevdmm [hevguoqZklhh[gZjm`b\ZxlkygZjmr_gby

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