Эрлихман В. Король Артур
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25
Chambers E. K. Arthur of Britain. London, 1927. ê. 185.
26
낇ÌÚÂÒ å. ëÓ·‡ÌË ÒÓ˜ËÌÂÌËÈ ‚ 5 Ú. í. 1. å., 1961. ë. 141.
27
ɇθÙˉ åÓÌÏÛÚÒÍËÈ. ë. 192.
28
TYP. P. 140.
ó‡ÒÚ¸ ÚÂÚ¸fl. äéêéãú èêéòãéÉé à ÉêüÑìôÖÉé
É·‚‡ Ô‚‡fl. ҉˚, ÏÓ̇ıË, ÚÛ·‡‰Û˚
11
The Book of Aneirin. Llanbedrog, 1908. ê. 26.
12
凷ËÌÓ„ËÓÌ. ë. 386.
13
The Book of Taliesin. V. 1. Llanbedrog, 1910. ê. 26.
14
ÅÂÚÓÌÒÍË ̇ӉÌ˚ ·‡Î·‰˚.ëè·, 1995. ë. 33—34 (Ô‚Ӊ å. üÒ-
ÌÓ‚‡).
15
ñËÚ. ÔÓ: Ashe G. The Landscape of King Arthur. London, 1985. ê.103.
16
Barber C., Pykitt D. Journey to Avalon: The Final Discovery of King
Arthur. Abergavenny, 1993. ê. 133.
17
William of Malmesbury. Chronicle of the Kings of England. London, 1911.
ê. 11.
18
Henry of Huntingdon. History. London, 1853. ê. 48.
19
Wace. The Arthurian portion of the Roman de Brut. Cambridge, Ontario,
1999. ê. 58.
10
í‡Ï ÊÂ. ê. 59.
11
Migne. Patrologia Latina. V. 202. Paris, 1868. Col. 1323.
12
Chambers E. K. Arthur of Britain. London, 1927. P. 110.
13
äÂÚ¸ÂÌ ‰Â íÛ‡. ùÂÍ Ë ùÌˉ‡. äÎËÊÂÒ. å., 1980. ë. 6 (Ô‚Ӊ
ç. ü. ê˚ÍÓ‚ÓÈ).
14
Layamon. The Arthurian portion of the Brut. Cambridge, Ontario, 1999.
ê. 26.
15
ñËÚ. ÔÓ: å˝ÎÓË. ë. 775.
16
William of Newburgh. The History. London, 1856. ê. 399.
17
Ranulph Higden. Polychronicon. V. 1. London, 1865. P. 426.
18
ñËÚ. ÔÓ: Castleden R. King Arthur: The truth behind the legend. London,
2001. ê. 4.
19
ë‡ÔÍÓ‚ÒÍËÈ Ä. ÑÓÓ„‡ ·ÂÁ ‚ÓÁ‚‡Ú‡: èÓ‚ÂÒÚË, ‡ÒÒ͇Á˚, ˝ÒÒÂ. å., 1999.
ë. 285.
20
ë˝ É‡‚ÂÈÌ Ë áÂÎÂÌ˚È ê˚ˆ‡¸. å., 2006. ë. 143 (Ô‚Ӊ Ç. íËıÓ-
ÏËÓ‚‡).
21
Ashley M. The Mammoth Book of King Arthur. Emeryville, CA, 2005.
ê. 447.
22
å˝ÎÓË. ë. 541.
É·‚‡ ‚ÚÓ‡fl. ç·ÂÒ̇fl ˜‡¯‡
11
凷ËÌÓ„ËÓÌ. ë. 37.
12
í‡Ï ÊÂ. ë. 105.
13
åÍ. 14:23—24; ÒÏ. Ú‡ÍÊ åÙ. 26:27—28, ãÍ 22:20.
14
Perseval le Gallois / Ed. Ch. Potvin. V. 5. Mons, 1866. ê. 154.
15
êÓ·Â ‰Â ÅÓÓÌ. êÓÏ‡Ì Ó É‡‡ÎÂ. ëè·, 2000. ë. 176 (Ô‚Ӊ Ö. ä‡Ò-
ÒËÓ‚ÓÈ).
16
TYP. P. 88.
17
Coyajee J. C. Iranian & Indian Analogues of the Legend of the Holy Grail.
Bombay, 1939. ê. 29—33.
305
18
Merlin. Roman en prose du XIII siecle. Paris, 1886. P. 36.
19
The High Book of the Grail. Brewer, 1978. ê. 146.
10
í‡Ï ÊÂ. ë. 118.
11
á‰ÂÒ¸ Ï˚ ‰‡ÂÏ ÔÂÂÒ͇Á ÚÂÍÒÚ‡ «è‡ˆËÙ‡Îfl» (Wolfram von Eschenbach.
Werke / Ed. K. Lachmann. Berlin, 1833. Sx. 219) ‚ÏÂÒÚÓ ˆËÚËÓ‚‡ÌËfl ÔÓ-
˝Ú˘ÂÒÍÓ„Ó Ô‚Ӊ‡ 㸂‡ ÉËÌÁ·Û„‡, ‚ ÍÓÚÓÓÏ ‰‡ÌÌ˚È Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ ÓÔÛ˘ÂÌ.
12
ÇÓÎ¸Ù‡Ï ÙÓÌ ù¯ÂÌ·‡ı. 臈Ëهθ. Ç ÍÌ.: ë‰Ì‚ÂÍÓ‚˚È ÓχÌ
Ë ÔÓ‚ÂÒÚ¸. å., 1974. ë. 374—375 (Ô‚Ӊ. ã. Ç. ÉËÌÁ·Û„‡).
13
í‡Ï ÊÂ. ë. 376.
14
í‡Ï ÊÂ. ë. 470.
15
í‡Ï ÊÂ. ë. 478.
16
Albrecht von Scharfenberg. Der Jungere Titurel. Quedlinburg, 1842. Sx. 122.
17
í‡Ï ÊÂ. Sx. 647.
18
å˝ÎÓË. ë. 65—66.
19
ñËÚ. ÔÓ: Nutt A. Studies on the legend of the Holy Grail. London, 1888.
P. 8.
20
ùÚÓÚ Ù‡„ÏÂÌÚ Ú‡ÍÊ ÓÚÒÛÚÒÚ‚ÛÂÚ ‚ Ô‚Ӊ ã. ÉËÌÁ·Û„‡ Ë ÔÂÂ-
Ò͇Á˚‚‡ÂÚÒfl ÔÓ ËÁ‰‡Ì˲: Wolfram von Eschenbach. Werke / Ed. K. Lachmann.
Berlin, 1833. Sx. 310.
21
The Vulgate Version of the Arthurian Romances. V. 5. Washington, 1909.
P. 256.
22
å˝ÎÓË. ë. 553.
23
ÇÓÎ¸Ù‡Ï ÙÓÌ ù¯ÂÌ·‡ı. 臈Ëهθ. C. 487.
24
ãÓԇ‚ ï. å. äÌË„‡ è‡ÎÓÏÌËÍ. ë͇Á‡ÌË ÏÂÒÚ Ò‚flÚ˚ı ‚Ó ñ‡Â„‡-
‰Â ÄÌÚÓÌËfl, ‡ıËÂÔËÒÍÓÔ‡ çÓ‚„ÓÓ‰ÒÍÓ„Ó, ‚ 1200 „. // 臂ÓÒ·‚Ì˚È Ô‡-
ÎÂÒÚËÌÒÍËÈ Ò·ÓÌËÍ. Ç˚Ô. 51. ëè·, 1899. ë. 71.
25
ÇÎËflÌË ÅÂ̇‡ ä΂ÓÒÍÓ„Ó Ë ÓÒÌÓ‚‡ÌÌÓ„Ó ËÏ Ó‰Â̇ ˆËÒÚˆË-
‡ÌˆÂ‚ ̇ ÎËÚ‡ÚÛÛ Ë ËÒÍÛÒÒÚ‚Ó Ò‰Ì‚ÂÍÓ‚¸fl ‡ÒÒÏÓÚÂÌÓ ‚ ‡·ÓÚ ‚˚-
‰‡˛˘Â„ÓÒfl ه̈ÛÁÒÍÓ„Ó Ï‰Ë‚ËÒÚ‡ ÜÓʇ Ñ˛·Ë: Duby J. Saint Bernard.
L’art cictercien. Paris, 1976.
26
ë ˉÂflÏË ÑÊ. Ë ä. å˝ÚÚ¸˛Á ˜ËÚ‡ÚÂÎË ÔË Ê·ÌËË ÏÓ„ÛÚ ÓÁ̇ÍÓ-
ÏËÚ¸Òfl ÔÓ ËÁ‰‡Ì˲: å˝ÚÚ¸˛Á ÑÊ. 퇉ˈËfl ɇ‡Îfl. å., 1997.
É·‚‡ ÚÂÚ¸fl. ÇÓÁ‚‡˘ÂÌË ÍÓÓÎfl
11
íÂÌÌËÒÓÌ Ä. ÇÓί·Ìˈ‡ ò‡ÎÓÚÚ. å., 2007. ë. 361 (Ô‚Ӊ ä. Ñ. Ňθ-
ÏÓÌÚ‡).
12
í‡Ï ÊÂ. ë. 326 (Ô‚Ӊ ë. ãËı‡˜Â‚ÓÈ).
13
Alcock L. Arthur’s Britain. London, 1971. ê. 359.
14
Morris J. The age of Arthur. London, 1993. ê. XIII.
15
ëÚ˛‡Ú å. èÓÎ˚ ıÓÎÏ˚. èÓÒΉÌ ‚Óί·ÒÚ‚Ó. å., 1987. ë.
223—224.
16
Berger T. Arthur Rex. N.Y., 1978. P. 80.
17
Ibid. P. 153.
88
íÓÎÒÚÓÈ ç. è˯ÂÒÚ‚Ë äÓÓÎfl. å., 1999. ë. 422 (Ô‚Ӊ ç. çÂ-
͇ÒÓ‚ÓÈ).
ïêéçéãéÉàü ëéÅõíàâ, ëÇüáÄççõï
ë àåÖçÖå ÄêíìêÄ*
383—388 — Ô‡‚ÎÂÌË ‚ ÅËÚ‡ÌËË ÛÁÛÔ‡ÚÓ‡ 凄̇ å‡ÍÒËχ (å‡ÍÒÂ̇
ÇΉ˄‡).
384 — å‡ÍÒËÏ Û‚Ó‰ËÚ Ò ÓÒÚÓ‚‡ ËÏÒÍË ‚ÓÈÒ͇. äÓÌ‡Ì å¡‰ÓÍ ÒÓ-
Á‰‡ÂÚ ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚Ó ·ËÚÚÓ‚ ‚ ÄÏÓËÍ (ÅÂڇ̸).
390 — ÒÓÁ‰‡ÌË ̇ ҂ ÅËÚ‡ÌËË ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚‡ äӽ· ïÂ̇ (ëÚ‡Ó„Ó) Ò
ˆÂÌÚÓÏ ‚ ù·Ó‡Í (Ì˚Ì âÓÍ).
395 — ‡Á‰ÂÎÂÌË êËÏÒÍÓÈ ËÏÔÂËË Ì‡ á‡Ô‡‰ÌÛ˛ Ë ÇÓÒÚÓ˜ÌÛ˛.
397 — ËÏÒÍËÈ ‚ÓÂ̇˜‡Î¸ÌËÍ ëÚËÎËıÓÌ ÓڇʇÂÚ Ì‡Ô‡‰ÂÌËfl ÔËÍÚÓ‚,
ÒÍÓÚÚÓ‚ Ë Ò‡ÍÒÓ‚ ̇ ÅËÚ‡Ì˲.
400 — ÓÒÌÓ‚‡ÌË ·ËÚÚÒÍÓ„Ó ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚‡ ä‡Ï·Ëfl (àÒÚ‡‰ äÎÛÚ).
406—407 — ÛÁÛÔ‡ÚÓ˚ å‡Í, ɇˆË‡Ì Ë äÓÌÒÚ‡ÌÚËÌ ‚ ÅËÚ‡ÌËË.
407 — äÓÌÒÚ‡ÌÚËÌ Û‚Ó‰ËÚ ËÁ ÅËÚ‡ÌËË ÔÓÒΉÌËÈ ËÏÒÍËÈ Î„ËÓÌ —
ÇÚÓÓÈ Ä‚„ÛÒÚ‡. 燘‡ÎÓ ÌÓ‚˚ı ̇·Â„Ó‚ Ò‡ÍÒÓ‚, ÔËÍÚÓ‚ Ë ÒÍÓÚÚÓ‚.
409 — ÔËÒ¸ÏÓ ËÏÔ‡ÚÓ‡ ÉÓÌÓËfl Í ÊËÚÂÎflÏ ÅËÚ‡ÌËË, ‚ ÍÓÚÓÓÏ „Ó-
‚ÓËÚÒfl Ó ÔÂ͇˘ÂÌËË ËÏÒÍÓ„Ó ‚·‰˚˜ÂÒÚ‚‡ ̇ ÓÒÚÓ‚Â.
420 — äÛ̉‰‡ ÓÒÌÓ‚˚‚‡ÂÚ ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚Ó É‚Ë̉‰ ‚ ë‚ÂÌÓÏ ì˝Î¸ÒÂ.
425 — ̇˜‡ÎÓ Ô‡‚ÎÂÌËfl ÇÓÚË„Â̇ (ÇËÚ‡ÎË̇).
429 — ÂÔËÒÍÓÔ éÍÒ‡ ÉÂÏ‡Ì ÔË·˚‚‡ÂÚ
‚ ÅËÚ‡Ì˲ ‰Îfl ·Ó¸·˚ Ò ÔÂ-
·„ˇÌÒÍÓÈ ÂÂÒ¸˛.
432 — ÇÓÚË„ÂÌ Ô˄·¯‡ÂÚ Ì‡ ÒÎÛÊ·Û Ì‡ÂÏÌËÍÓ‚-‡Ì„ÎÓÒ‡ÍÒÓ‚. ë‚flÚÓÈ
è‡ÚËÍ Ì‡˜Ë̇ÂÚ ÔÓÔӂ‰¸ ıËÒÚˇÌÒÚ‚‡ ‚ à·̉ËË.
437 — ·ËÚ‚‡ Ä‚ÂÎËfl ÄÏ·ÓÁËfl Ò ÇÓÚË„ÂÌÓÏ ÔË É‚ÓÎÎÓÔÂ.
440—450 — „‡Ê‰‡ÌÒÍË ‚ÓÈÌ˚ Ë „ÓÎÓ‰ ‚ ÅËÚ‡ÌËË.
442 — ïÂÌ„ËÒÚ ÔÓ‰ÌËχÂÚ ‚ÓÒÒÚ‡ÌËÂ Ë ÓÒÌÓ‚˚‚‡ÂÚ Ì‡ ˛„Ó-‚ÓÒÚÓÍ ÅË-
Ú‡ÌËË ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚Ó äÂÌÚ.
446 — Ó·‡˘ÂÌË ·ËÚÚÓ‚ Á‡ ÔÓÏÓ˘¸˛ Í ËÏÒÍÓÏÛ ÔÓÎÍÓ‚Ó‰ˆÛ Ä˝ˆË˛.
447 — ‚ÚÓÓÈ ‚ËÁËÚ ÉÂχ̇ éÍÒÂÒÍÓ„Ó ‚ ÅËÚ‡Ì˲.
455 — ‚ÓÒÒÚ‡ÌË ÇÓÚËχ, Ò˚̇ ÇÓÚË„Â̇, ÔÓÚË‚ ÓÚˆ‡. ÇÓÚËÏ Ë
Â„Ó ·‡Ú ä‡ÚË„ÂÌ Ò‡Ê‡˛ÚÒfl Ò Ò‡ÍÒ‡ÏË ÔË ùÈÎÒÙӉ (äÂÌÚ).
463 — „Ë·Âθ ÇÓÚË„Â̇. 燘‡ÎÓ Ô‡‚ÎÂÌËfl Ä‚ÂÎËfl ÄÏ·ÓÁËfl.
465 — ÔÓ‡ÊÂÌË ҇ÍÒÓ‚ ÔË ÇËÔÔ‰ÂÒÙÎÂÚÂ.
468 — ‡ÏËfl ·ËÚÚÓ‚ ÔÓ‰ ÍÓχ̉ӂ‡ÌËÂÏ êËÓڇχ ̇ԇ‚ÎflÂÚÒfl ‚ ɇÎ-
Î˲ ‰Îfl ÔÓÏÓ˘Ë ËÏÒÍËÏ ‚·ÒÚflÏ ÔÓÚË‚ ‚ÂÒÚ„ÓÚÓ‚.
470 — ÒÏÂÚ¸ ÄÏ·ÓÁËfl Ë ‡Ì‡ıËfl ‚ ÅËÚ‡ÌËË.
472 — ÓʉÂÌË ÄÚÛ‡.
476 — ÒÓÁ‰‡ÌË ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚‡ ÒÍÓÚÚÓ‚ ‚ чΡ‰Â (òÓÚ·̉Ëfl).
477 — ÓÒÌÓ‚‡ÌË ҇ÍÒ‡ÏË ‚Ó
„·‚Â Ò ùÎÎÓÈ ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚‡ ë‡ÒÒÂÍÒ.
486 — ‚ÒÚÛÔÎÂÌË ÄÚÛ‡ ‚ ‰ÛÊËÌÛ ÍÓÓÎfl ÑÛÏÌÓÌËË É‡ÈÌÚ‡.
490 — 䇇‰ÓÍ ëËθ̇fl êÛ͇ ÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ËÚÒfl ÍÓÓÎÂÏ É‚ÂÌÚ‡.
491 — ùη ÛÒڇ˂‡ÂÚ ÂÁÌ˛ ‚ Ä̉Âˉ (Ì˚Ì è‚ÂÌÒË).
495 — ‚˚Ò‡‰Í‡ Ò‡ÍÒÓ‚ ̇ ˛ÊÌÓÏ ÔÓ·ÂÂʸ ÄÌ„ÎËË. ÉË·Âθ ÍÓÓÎfl ÉÂ-
‡ÈÌÚ‡ ‚ Ò‡ÊÂÌËË ÔË ãÎÓÌ„·ÓÚÂ. 臂ËÚÂÎÂÏ ÑÛÏÌÓÌËË ÒÚ‡-
ÌÓ‚ËÚÒfl Â„Ó Ò˚Ì ä‡‰Ó (䇉Ó).
496 — ÒÓ·‡ÌË ‚ÓʉÂÈ ‚ 䇽ÎÂÓÌ ËÁ·Ë‡ÂÚ ÄÚÛ‡ ‚ÓÂÌÌ˚Ï Ô‰‚Ó-
‰ËÚÂÎÂÏ ·ËÚÚÓ‚.
497 — ·ËÚ‚‡ ÔË Å‡‰ÓÌÂ, ‚ ÍÓÚÓÓÈ Ò‡ÍÒ˚ ‚Ó „·‚Â Ò ùÎÎÓÈ ·˚ÎË ‡Á·Ë-
Ú˚ ·ËÚÚ‡ÏË, ‚ÓÁ„·‚ÎflÂÏ˚ÏË ÄÚÛÓÏ.
307
*Çfl‰ ÎË ÒÚÓËÚ Ì‡ÔÓÏË̇ڸ, ˜ÚÓ ‚Ò ‰‡Ú˚ ‰Ó XV ‚Â͇ ‚Íβ˜ËÚÂθÌÓ
ÌÓÒflÚ ÔË·ÎËÁËÚÂθÌ˚È ı‡‡ÍÚÂ.
498 — ÒÓÁ‰‡ÌË ÒÓ˛ÁÌ˚ÏË ÄÚÛÛ Ò‡ÍÒ‡ÏË ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚‡ ï‚ËÒÒ‡ ‚Ó „·‚Â
Ò ä‰ËÍÓÏ (䇇‰ÓÍÓÏ).
500—510 — ‚ÓÈ̇ ÄÚÛ‡ Ò ‡Ì„·ÏË.
510 — ̇˜‡Ú‡ ÂÍÓÌÒÚÛ͈Ëfl ÒËÒÚÂÏ˚ Ó·ÓÓÌËÚÂθÌ˚ı ÛÍÂÔÎÂÌËÈ Ò
ˆÂÌÚÓÏ ‚ 佉·ÂË.
512 — ÊÂÌËÚ¸·‡ 䇇‰Ó͇ ̇ É‚ÂÌ‚Ë‚‡, ÒÂÒÚ ÍÓÓÎfl 䇉Ó.
517 — ÔÓÒΠÒÏÂÚË ÍÓÓÎfl É‚Ë̉‰‡ 䇉‚‡ÎÎÓ̇ ÍÓÓÎÂÏ ÒÚ‡Î Â„Ó Ò˚Ì
å˝Î„ÓÌ (凄ÎÓÍÛÌ).
520 — ‚Óʉ¸ ‡Ì„ÎÓ‚ àÍÂÎ ÒÓÁ‰‡ÂÚ ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚Ó ÇÓÒÚӘ̇fl ÄÌ„ÎËfl. ÇÓ-
ÚËÔÓ ÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ËÚÒfl ÍÓÓÎÂÏ Ñ˂‰‡.
525—530 — ‚ÓÈ̇ ÄÚÛ‡ Ò Ô‡‚ËÚÂÎflÏË ë‚ÂÌÓ„Ó ì˝Î¸Ò‡.
527 — ÓÒÌÓ‚‡ÌË ҇ÍÒ‡ÏË ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚‡ ùÒÒÂÍÒ.
534 — ÒÏÂÚ¸ 䇇‰Ó͇, ÍÓÓÎfl É‚ÂÌÚ‡. êÓʉÂÌË í‡ÎËÂÒË̇.
537 — ·ËÚ‚‡ ÔË ä‡Ï·ÌÂ, „Ë·Âθ ÄÚÛ‡ Ë å‰‡Û‰‡. äÓÓÎÂÏ ÑÛÏÌÓ-
ÌËË ÒÚ‡ÌÓ‚ËÚÒfl äÓÌÒÚ‡ÌÚËÌ, Ò˚Ì ä‡‰Ó.
540 — ̇˜‡ÎÓ Ô‡‚ÎÂÌËfl ìËÂ̇ ‚ ꄉÂ. äÛÌÓÏÓ (å‡Í) Á‡ı‚‡Ú˚‚‡ÂÚ
‚·‰ÂÌËfl ‚ ÄÏÓËÍÂ. äÓÓθ äÓÌÒÚ‡ÌÚËÌ Û·Ë‚‡ÂÚ Ò˚ÌÓ‚ÂÈ å‰-
‡Û‰‡.
541 — ÉËθ‰‡Ò åÛ‰˚È Ô˯ÂÚ ÍÌË„Û «é ‡ÁÓÂÌËË ÅËÚ‡ÌËË».
547 — ˜Ûχ (ÊÂÎÚ‡fl ÒÏÂÚ¸) ‚ ãÓ„ËË. ëÏÂÚ¸ ÍÓÓÎfl å˝Î„Ó̇ É‚Ë̉-
‰‡. éÒÌÓ‚‡ÌË ‡Ì„·ÏË ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚‡ ÅÂÌˈËfl.
552 — ‚ÁflÚË Á‡Ô‡‰Ì˚ÏË Ò‡ÍÒ‡ÏË éΉ-ë‡Ûχ. ÇÓÁÓ·ÌÓ‚ÎÂÌË ҇ÍÒÓÌ-
ÒÍÓ„Ó Ì‡ÚËÒ͇ ̇ ÅËÚ‡Ì˲.
560 — ÍÓÓθ äÛÌÓÏÓ „Ë·ÌÂÚ ‚ Ò‡ÊÂÌËË Ò Ù‡Ì͇ÏË. éÒÌÓ‚‡ÌË ‡Ì„-
·ÏË ÍÓÓ΂ÒÚ‚‡ ÑÂȇ.
570 — ÒÏÂÚ¸ ÉË艇҇ ‚ É‚ÂÌÚÂ.
573 — ·ËÚ‚‡ ÔË Ä‰Âˉ‰Â. ÉË·Âθ ÍÓÓÎfl É‚Ẩ‰ÓÎÂÛ Ë ·Â„ÒÚ‚Ó Â„Ó ·‡-
‰‡ åˉ‰Ë̇ ‚ ÎÂÒ.
576 — Û·ËÈÒÚ‚Ó ÔËÍÚ‡ÏË äÓÌÒÚ‡ÌÚË̇, ·˚‚¯Â„Ó ÍÓÓÎfl ÑÛÏÌÓÌËË.
577 — ·ËÚ‚‡ ÔË Ñ‡ÈÂÏÂ. á‡ı‚‡Ú Ò‡ÍÒ‡ÏË ÉÎÓÒÚ‡ Ë Å‡Ú‡.
580 — ‚ÁflÚË ‡Ì„·ÏË ù‚‡Û͇ (âÓ͇) Ë „Ë·Âθ Â„Ó ÍÓÓÎÂÈ ÉÛ„Ë Ë èÂ-
‰ۇ.
586 — Û·ËÈÒÚ‚Ó ÍÓÓÎfl ꄉ‡ ìËÂ̇ ëÚ‡Ó„Ó. éÒÌÓ‚‡ÌË ‡Ì„·ÏË ÍÓ-
Ó΂ÒÚ‚‡ åÂÒËfl.
597 — Í¢ÂÌË äÂÌÚ‡ ÏÓ̇ı‡ÏË ËÁ êËχ ‚Ó „·‚Â Ò Ä‚„ÛÒÚËÌÓÏ — ÔÂ-
‚˚Ï ‡ıËÂÔËÒÍÓÔÓÏ äÂÌÚ·ÂËÈÒÍËÏ.
598 — ·ËÚ‚‡ ÔË ä‡Ú‡ÈÚÂ.
600 — ·ËÚÚÒÍËÈ ·‡‰ ÄÌÂÈËÌ ÒÓ˜ËÌflÂÚ ÔÓ˝ÏÛ «ÉÓ‰Ó‰‰ËÌ», „‰Â ‚Ô‚˚Â
ÛÔÓÏË̇ÂÚÒfl ÄÚÛ.
668 — ÒÏÂÚ¸ ÍÓÓÎfl É‚Ë̉‰‡ 䇉‚‡Î·‰‡ Ë ÍÓ̈ «ˆ‡ÒÚ‚‡ ·ËÚÚÓ‚».
728—731 — ʼn‡ Ô˯ÂÚ «ñÂÍÓ‚ÌÛ˛ ËÒÚÓ˲ ̇Ӊ‡ ‡Ì„ÎÓ‚».
830 — çÂÌÌËÈ Ô˯ÂÚ «àÒÚÓ˲ ·ËÚÚÓ‚».
890 — ̇˜Ë̇ÂÚÒfl ÒÓÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌË ÄÌ„ÎÓÒ‡ÍÒÓÌÒÍÓÈ ıÓÌËÍË.
970 — ÒÓÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌ˚ «ÄÌ̇Î˚ ä‡Ï·ËË».
1019 — ·ÂÚÓÌÒÍÓ «ÜËÚË ҂flÚÓ„Ó ÉÓÁÌÓ‚Ëfl», „‰Â ÄÚÛ ‚Ô‚˚ ̇Á‚‡Ì
ÍÓÓÎÂÏ.
1050 — ÒÓÁ‰‡ÌË ‚ ì˝Î¸Ò χ·ËÌÓ„Ë «äËÎÛı Ë é΂ÂÌ».
1066 — ÌÓχ̉ÒÍÓ Á‡‚Ó‚‡ÌË ÄÌ„ÎËË, ÔÓӉ˂¯Â ËÌÚÂÂÒ ‡Ì„ÎËÈ-
ÒÍÓÈ Á̇ÚË Í ÄÚÛÛ.
1090—1120 — 䇇‰ÓÍ ã·Ì͇‚‡ÌÒÍËÈ Ë ‰Û„Ë ‡‚ÚÓ˚ Ô˯ÛÚ ÊËÚËfl
Ò‚flÚ˚ı ÉË艇҇, 臉‡Ì‡, àÎÎÚÛ‰‡, „‰Â ÛÔÓÏË̇ÂÚÒfl ÄÚÛ.
1100 — ËÁÓ·‡ÊÂÌË „ÂÓ‚ ‡ÚÛÓ‚ÒÍËı ΄Ẩ ̇ ‡ıË‚ÓθÚ åÓ‰ÂÌÒÍÓ-
„Ó ÒÓ·Ó‡ (àÚ‡ÎËfl).
1125 — «ÑÂflÌËfl ‡Ì„ÎËÈÒÍËı ÍÓÓÎÂÈ» ìËθflχ å‡ÎÏÒ·ÂËÈÒÍÓ„Ó.
308
1129 — «àÒÚÓËfl ÄÌ„ÎËË» ÉÂÌËı‡ ï‡ÌÚËÌ„‰ÓÌÒÍÓ„Ó.
1138 — ɇθÙˉ åÓÌÏÛÚÒÍËÈ Á‡‚¯‡ÂÚ «ÑÂflÌËfl ÍÓÓÎÂÈ ÅËÚ‡ÌËË»,
„‰Â ÒÓÁ‰‡ÂÚ Î„ÂÌ‰Û Ó· ÄÚÛ — ‚ÂÎËÍÓÏ ÍÓÓΠ·ËÚÚÓ‚.
1150 — ÔÓfl‚ÎÂÌË «àÒÚÓËË ÍÓÓÎÂÈ» — ‚‡ÎÎËÈÒÍÓ„Ó Ô‚Ӊ‡ ÒÓ˜ËÌÂ-
ÌËfl ɇθÙˉ‡.
1155 — ÚÛ‚Â êÓ·ÂÚ Ç‡Ò Ô˯ÂÚ «êÓÏ‡Ì Ó ÅÛÚ» — ه̈ÛÁÒÍÛ˛ ‚Â-
Ò˲ «àÒÚÓËË» ɇθÙˉ‡. 燘‡ÎÓ ÚËÛÏهθÌÓ„Ó ¯ÂÒÚ‚Ëfl ‡ÚÛ-
Ó‚ÒÍÓ„Ó ˝ÔÓÒ‡ ÔÓ Ö‚ÓÔÂ.
1160 — ÏÓÁ‡Ë͇ éÚ‡ÌÚÒÍÓ„Ó ÒÓ·Ó‡, ËÁÓ·‡Ê‡˛˘‡fl ÄÚÛ‡.
1160—1180 — å‡Ëfl î‡ÌˆÛÁÒ͇fl ÒÓ˜ËÌflÂÚ Î˝ (ÍÓÓÚÍË ÔÓ˝Ï˚), ËÁ ÍÓ-
ÚÓ˚ı ‰‚Â, «ò‚ÂÙÂθ» Ë «ã‡Ì‚‡Î¸», ÔÓÒ‚fl˘ÂÌ˚ ‡ÚÛÓ‚ÒÍÓÈ
ÚÂÏÂ.
1170—1190 — äÂÚ¸ÂÌ ‰Â íÛ‡ ÒÓÁ‰‡ÂÚ ÔflÚ¸ ÒÚËıÓÚ‚ÓÌ˚ı ÓχÌÓ‚, ÔÓ-
Ò‚fl˘ÂÌÌ˚ı ÄÚÛÛ Ë Â„Ó ˚ˆ‡flÏ.
1170 — ه̈ÛÁÒÍËÈ ÚÛ‚Â ÅÂÛθ Ô˯ÂÚ «êÓÏ‡Ì Ó íËÒڇ̻.
1175 — ÚÛ‚Â íÓχ ÄÌ„ÎËÈÒÍËÈ Ô˯ÂÚ ÔÓ˝ÏÛ «íËÒڇ̻.
1190 — Ò‚fl˘ÂÌÌËÍ ã‡È‡ÏÓÌ Á‡‚¯‡ÂÚ ÔÓ˝ÏÛ «ÅÛÚ» — ‡Ì„ÎËÈÒÍÛ˛ ‚Â-
Ò˲ Óχ̇ LJ҇.
1191 — ÓÚÍ˚ÚË ‚ É·ÒÚÓÌ·ÂË ÏÓ„ËÎ˚ ÄÚÛ‡ Ë É‚ËÌ‚Â˚.
1192 — Éˇθ‰ ä‡Ï·ËÈÒÍËÈ ÔÓÒ¢‡ÂÚ É·ÒÚÓÌ·ÂË Ë ÓÒÚ‡‚ÎflÂÚ ÓÔËÒ‡-
ÌËÂ ÏÓ„ËÎ˚ ÄÚÛ‡.
1195 — ÓÏ‡Ì ìθËı‡ ÙÓÌ á‡ÚˆËÍıÓ‚Â̇ «ã‡ÌˆÂÎÂÚ».
1195—1205 — ÌÂψÍËÈ ÏËÌÌÂÁË̄ ɇÚÏ‡Ì ÙÓÌ ÄÛ˝ Ô˯ÂÚ ˚ˆ‡ÒÍËÂ
ÓχÌ˚ «ùÂÍ» Ë «à‚ÂÈÌ».
1198 — «àÒÚÓËfl ÄÌ„ÎËË» ìËθflχ 縲·Û„ÒÍÓ„Ó.
1200 — êÓ·Â ‰Â ÅÓÓÌ Ì‡˜Ë̇ÂÚ ÒÚËıÓÚ‚ÓÌÛ˛ ÚËÎӄ˲ «êÓÏ‡Ì Ó É‡-
‡Î», „‰Â ΄Ẩ‡ Ó É‡‡Î ‚Ô‚˚ ÔËÓ·ÂÚ‡ÂÚ ıËÒÚˇÌÒÍËÈ ı‡-
‡ÍÚÂ.
1200—1210 — ÇÓÎ¸Ù‡Ï ÙÓÌ ù¯ÂÌ·‡ı Ô˯ÂÚ ˚ˆ‡ÒÍËÈ ÓÏ‡Ì «è‡ˆË-
هθ».
1210 — ÌÂψÍËÈ ÏËÌÌÂÁËÌ„Â ÉÓÚÙˉ ëÚ‡Ò·Û„ÒÍËÈ Ô˯ÂÚ ÓχÌ
«íËÒڇ̻.
1215 — ÓÏ‡Ì «èÂÎÂÒ‚Ó» («ÇÓÁ‚˚¯ÂÌ̇fl ËÒÚÓËfl ë‚flÚÓ„Ó É‡‡Îfl»).
1215—1230 — ˆËÍÎ ÒÂÏË Ù‡ÌˆÛÁÒÍËı ÓχÌÓ‚ Ó ˚ˆ‡flı ÄÚÛ‡ Ë É‡-
‡ÎÂ, ÔÓÎۘ˂¯ËÈ Ì‡Á‚‡ÌË «ÇÛθ„‡Ú‡».
1250 — ÓÍÓ̘‡ÚÂθÌÓ ÒÓÒÚ‡‚ÎÂÌË ҷÓÌË͇ ‚‡ÎÎËÈÒÍËı ΄Ẩ «å‡·Ë-
ÌÓ„ËÓÌ».
1278 — ÍÓÓθ ÄÌ„ÎËË ù‰Û‡‰ I ÔÓÒ¢‡ÂÚ É·ÒÚÓÌ·ÂË Ë ÓÒχÚË‚‡ÂÚ
„Ó·ÌËˆÛ ÄÚÛ‡ ‚ Á‡ÌÓ‚Ó ÓÚÒÚÓÂÌÌÓÈ ˆÂÍ‚Ë.
1280 — ÒÚËıÓÚ‚ÓÌ˚È ÓÏ‡Ì Äθ·ÂıÚ‡ ÙÓÌ ò‡ÙÂ̷„‡ «å·‰¯ËÈ
íËÚÛÂθ».
1325 — «Å·fl äÌË„‡ êˉ‰Âı‡», ‚Íβ˜‡˛˘‡fl ÌÂÔÓÎÌÛ˛ ‚ÂÒ˲ «å‡·Ë-
ÌÓ„ËÓÌ».
1345 — ÔÓ ÔË͇ÁÛ ÍÓÓÎfl ù‰Û‡‰‡ III ‚ ÇË̘ÂÒÚ ÒÓÓÛʇÂÚÒfl äÛ„-
Î˚È ëÚÓÎ.
1350 — ÏÓ̇ı ÑÊÓÌ ËÁ É·ÒÚÓÌ·ÂË Ô˯ÂÚ «ïÓÌËÍÛ Ó ‰Â‚ÌÓÒÚflı É·-
ÒÚÓÌ·ÂËÈÒÍÓÈ ˆÂÍ‚Ë», ÒÓ‰Âʇ˘Û˛ ҂‰ÂÌËfl Ó· ÄÚÛÂ.
1375 — ÔÓ˝Ï‡ «ë˝ ɇ‚ÂÈÌ Ë áÂÎÂÌ˚È ˚ˆ‡¸».
1385 — «ïÓÌË͇ òÓÚ·̉ËË» ÑÊÓ̇ îÓ‰Û̇.
1400 — «ä‡Ò̇fl ÍÌË„‡ ï„ÂÒÚ‡» — Ô‚˚È ÔÓÎÌ˚È Ò‚Ó‰ «å‡·ËÌÓ„ËÓÌ»
Ë ‚‡ÎÎËÈÒÍËı ıÓÌËÍ.
1420 — ‡ÎÎËÚ‡Ú˂̇fl ÔÓ˝Ï‡ «ëÏÂÚ¸ ÄÚÛ‡».
1450 — «àÒÚÓËfl Ó Ò‚flÚÓÏ É‡‡Î» ÉÂÌË ã‡‚Î˘‡ — Ô‚˚È ‡Ì„ÎËÈÒÍËÈ
Ô‚Ӊ ÓχÌÓ‚ «ÇÛ脇Ú˚».
309
1470 — íÓÏ‡Ò å˝ÎÓË Á‡Í‡Ì˜Ë‚‡ÂÚ ÓÏ‡Ì «ëÏÂÚ¸ ÄÚÛ‡».
1485 — ìËθflÏ ä˝ÍÒÚÓÌ ‚˚ÔÛÒ͇ÂÚ Ô‚Ó Ô˜‡ÚÌÓ ËÁ‰‡ÌË «ëÏÂÚË Ä-
ÚÛ‡» å˝ÎÓË.
1530 — «ÇÒÂÏË̇fl ıÓÌË͇» ùÎËÒ‡ ÉËÙˉ‰‡.
1534 — ÇË„ËÎËÈ èÓÎË‰Ó ‚ Ò‚ÓÂÈ «àÒÚÓËË ÄÌ„ÎËË» ‚˚Ò͇Á˚‚‡ÂÚ ÒÓ-
ÏÌÂÌËfl ‚ ‡θÌÓÏ ÒÛ˘ÂÒÚ‚Ó‚‡ÌËË ÄÚÛ‡.
1539 — Á‡Í˚ÚË É·ÒÚÓÌ·ÂËÈÒÍÓ„Ó ‡··‡ÚÒÚ‚‡. äÂÒÚ Ò ÏÓ„ËÎ˚ ÄÚÛ‡
ÔÂÂÌÓÒËÚÒfl ‚ ˆÂÍÓ‚¸ àÓ‡Ì̇ äÂÒÚËÚÂÎfl ‚ É·ÒÚÓÌ·ÂË.
1544 — ÑÊÓÌ ãË·̉ ÔÛ·ÎËÍÛÂÚ «ê‡ÒÒÛʉÂÌËfl Ó· ÄÚÛ».
1586 — ìËθflÏ ä˝Ï‰ÂÌ ËÁ‰‡ÂÚ ÍÌË„Û «ÅËÚ‡ÌËfl», „‰Â ÔÓÏ¢‡ÂÚ ËÁÓ·‡-
ÊÂÌËÂ ÍÂÒÚ‡ Ò ÏÓ„ËÎ˚ ÄÚÛ‡.
1587 — Ô¸ÂÒ‡ íÓχ҇ ï¸˛Á‡ «áÎÓÍβ˜ÂÌËfl ÄÚÛ‡», ÒÚ‡‚¯‡fl Ô‚˚Ï ÔÓ-
fl‚ÎÂÌËÂÏ ÍÓÓÎfl ̇ ÒˆÂÌÂ.
1596 — «äÓÓ΂‡ ÙÂÈ» ù‰ÏÛ̉‡ ëÔÂÌÒ‡.
1650 — ÔÛËڇ̠ÛÌ˘ÚÓʇ˛Ú ÂÎËÍ‚ËË É·ÒÚÓÌ·ÂË.
1691 — ÔÂϸ‡ ÓÔÂ˚ «äÓÓθ ÄÚÛ» ̇ ÒÚËıË ÑÊÓ̇ чȉÂ̇ Ë ÏÛ-
Á˚ÍÛ ÉÂÌË èÂÒÂη.
1695—1697 — ê˘‡‰ ÅνÍÏÓ ÔÛ·ÎËÍÛÂÚ ÔÓ˝Ï˚ «èË̈ ÄÚÛ» Ë «äÓ-
Óθ ÄÚÛ».
1720 — ÔÓÒΉÌË ҂‰ÂÌËfl Ó ÍÂÒÚ ÄÚÛ‡, ÍÓÚÓ˚È ‚ ÚÓ ‚ÂÏfl ÔË̇‰-
ÎÂʇΠÔÂÔÓ‰Ó·ÌÓÏÛ ìËθflÏÛ ï¸˛ÁÛ ËÁ ì˝Î¸Ò‡.
1840 — ê‡Î¸Ù ìÓÎ‰Ó ùÏÂÒÓÌ Ô˯ÂÚ ÔÓ˝ÏÛ «åÂÎËÌ».
1848 — ÔÓ˝Ï‡ ù‰‚‡‰‡ ÅÛ΂Â-ãËÚÚÓ̇ «äÓÓθ ÄÚÛ».
1850—1900 — «‡ÚÛÓ‚ÒÍÓ ‚ÓÁÓʉÂÌË». èÓfl‚Îfl˛ÚÒfl ÒÚËıË Ë ÔÓ˝Ï˚
ÄθÙ‰‡ íÂÌÌËÒÓ̇, å˝Ú¸˛ ÄÌÓ艇, ÄΉÊÂÌÓ̇ ó‡Î¸Á‡ ëÛ-
ËÌ·Â̇, ͇ÚËÌ˚ ù‰‚‡‰‡ ÅÂÌ-ÑÊÓÌÒ‡, ìËθflχ åÓËÒ‡, чÌ-
Ú ɇ·Ë˝Îfl êÓÒÒÂÚÚË.
1882 — ÓÔ‡ êËı‡‰‡ LJ„̇ «è‡ˆËهθ».
1889 — å‡Í í‚ÂÌ ÔÛ·ÎËÍÛÂÚ ÓÏ‡Ì «üÌÍË ËÁ äÓÌÌÂÍÚËÍÛÚ‡ ÔË ‰‚ÓÂ
ÍÓÓÎfl ÄÚÛ‡».
1894 — ËÎβÒÚ‡ˆËË é·Ë ʼnÒÎË Í ËÁ‰‡Ì˲ Óχ̇ í. å˝ÎÓË
«ëÏÂÚ¸ ÄÚÛ‡», ‚˚ÔÛ˘ÂÌÌÓÏÛ ÑÊÓÌÓÏ ÑÂÌÚÓÏ.
1953 — ÙËÎ¸Ï ê˘‡‰‡ íÓÔ‡ «ê˚ˆ‡Ë äÛ„ÎÓ„Ó ëÚÓ·».
1958 — íÂÂÌÒ ï˝Ì·ÂË ì‡ÈÚ Á‡‚¯‡ÂÚ ÚÂÚ‡Îӄ˲ «äÓÓθ ÔÓ¯ÎÓ„Ó
Ë „fl‰Û˘Â„Ó», ÔÓ ÍÓÚÓÓÈ ‚ 1960 „Ó‰Û ÒÚ‡‚ËÚÒfl ·Ó‰‚ÂÈÒÍËÈ Ï˛-
ÁËÍÎ «ä‡ÏÂÎÓÚ», ‡ ‚ 1967-Ï ÒÌËχÂÚÒfl Ó‰ÌÓËÏÂÌÌ˚È ÙËθÏ.
1963 — ÓÏ‡Ì êÓÁÏ‡Ë ë‡ÚÍÎËÙÙ «å˜ ̇ Á‡Â». ìÓÎÚ ÑËÒÌÂÈ ÒÓÁ‰‡ÂÚ
ÏÛθÚÙËÎ¸Ï «å˜ ‚ ͇ÏÌ».
1966 — ̇˜‡ÎÓ ‡ÒÍÓÔÓÍ ÛÍÂÔÎÂÌÌÓ„Ó „ÓӉˢ‡ ë‡ÛÁ-佉·ÂË, ÓÚÓʉÂ-
ÒÚ‚ÎflÂÏÓ„Ó Ò ‡ÚÛÓ‚ÒÍËÏ ä‡ÏÂÎÓÚÓÏ.
1970—1979 — ‡ÚÛÓ‚Ò͇fl ÚËÎÓ„Ëfl å˝Ë ëÚ˛‡Ú.
1973 — ÔÛ·ÎË͇ˆËfl ËÒÚÓ˘ÂÒÍÓ„Ó ËÒÒΉӂ‡ÌËfl ÑÊÓ̇ åÓËÒ‡ «ÇÂÍ
ÄÚÛ‡».
1975 — Ô‡Ó‰ËÈÌ˚È ÙËÎ¸Ï «åÓÌÚË è‡ÈÚÓÌ Ë ë‚flÚÓÈ É‡‡Î¸».
1977 — ÔÓÒÏÂÚÌÓ ÔÛ·ÎËÍÛÂÚÒfl ÍÌË„‡ ÑÊÓ̇ ëÚÂÈÌ·Â͇ «ÑÂflÌËfl ÍÓÓÎfl
ÄÚÛ‡ Ë Â„Ó ·Î‡„ÓÓ‰Ì˚ı ˚ˆ‡ÂÈ».
1979 — ÓÏ‡Ì å˝ËÓÌ áËÏÏÂ Å˝‰ÎË «íÛχÌ˚ Ä‚‡ÎÓ̇» (˝Í‡ÌËÁËÓ-
‚‡Ì ‚ 2001 „Ó‰Û).
1981 — ÙËÎ¸Ï ÑÊÓ̇ ÅÛÏÂ̇ «ùÍÒ͇ÎË·Û».
1995 — ÙËÎ¸Ï ÑÊÂË ñÛ͇ «è‚˚È ˚ˆ‡¸».
1998 — „ÓÎÎË‚Û‰ÒÍËÈ ÚÂÎÂÒÂˇΠ«ÇÂÎËÍËÈ åÂÎËÌ». éÚÍ˚ÚË ‚ íËÌÚ‡-
„ÂΠ«‡ÚÛÓ‚ÒÍÓÈ» ̇‰ÔËÒË.
2004 — ÙËÎ¸Ï ÄÌÚۇ̇ îÛÍÛ‡ «äÓÓθ ÄÚÛ».
äêÄíäÄü ÅàÅãàéÉêÄîàü
àÒÚÓ˜ÌËÍË
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Ç. Ç. ùÎËıχ̇. ëè·, 2001.
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ÍÓ„Ó ã. Ç. ÉËÌÁ·Û„‡. Ç ÍÌ.: ë‰Ì‚ÂÍÓ‚˚È ÓÏ‡Ì Ë ÔÓ‚ÂÒÚ¸. å., 1974.
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ÔËÏ. ç. û. óÂıÓ̇‰ÒÍÓÈ. ëè·, 2003.
ÉË„ÓËÈ íÛÒÍËÈ. àÒÚÓËfl Ù‡ÌÍÓ‚ / èÂ. Ò Î‡Ú. Ç. Ñ. 뇂ÛÍÓ‚ÓÈ. å.,
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äÂÚ¸ÂÌ ‰Â íÛ‡. à‚˝ÈÌ, ËÎË ê˚ˆ‡¸ ÒÓ Î¸‚ÓÏ / ëÓÍ. ÔÂ. ÒÓ ÒÚ‡ÓÙ.
Ç. Å. åËÍۯ‚˘‡. Ç ÍÌ.: ë‰Ì‚ÂÍÓ‚˚È ÓÏ‡Ì Ë ÔÓ‚ÂÒÚ¸. å., 1974.
äÂÚ¸ÂÌ ‰Â íÛ‡. ùÂÍ Ë ùÌˉ‡ / èÂ. ÒÓ ÒÚ‡ÓÙ. ç. ü. ê˚ÍÓ‚ÓÈ; äÎË-
ÊÂÒ. èÂ. Ç. Å. åËÍۯ‚˘‡. ëÚ‡Ú¸fl Ë ÔËÏ. Ä. Ñ. åËı‡ÈÎÓ‚‡. å., 1980.
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