Endo M., Iijima S., Dresselhaus M.S. (eds.) Carbon nanotubes
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CARBON NANOTUBES
Elsevier
Journals
of
Related Interest
Applied Superconductivity
Carbon
Journal
of
Physics and Chemistry
of
Solids
Nanostructured Materials
Polyhedron
Solid State Communications
Tetrahedron
Tetrahedron Letters
CARBON NANOTUBES
Edited by
MORINUBO END0
Shinshu
University,
Japan
SUM10
IIJIMA
NEC,
Japan
MILDRED
S.
DRESSELHAUS
Massachusetts
Institute
of
Technology,
USA
PERGAMON
U.K.
Elsevier Science Ltd, The Boulevard, Langford Lane,
Kidlington, Oxford
OX5
lGB,
U.K.
U.S.A.
Elsevier Science Inc., 660 White Plains Road, Tarrytown,
New York 10591-5153, U.S.A.
Elsevier Science Japan, Tsunashima Building Annex,
3-20-12 Yushima Bunko-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan
JAPAN
Copyright
0
1996 Elsevier Science Limited
All
Rights Reserved.
No
part of this publication may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without
permission in writing from the publisher
First edition 1996
Library
of
Congress Cataloging in Pulication Data
A catalog record for this book is available
from
the Library of Congress
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available in the British
Library
ISBN 008 0426824
Reprinted from:
Carbon,
Vol.
33, Nos
1,
2,
7,
12
Printed and bound in Great Britain by BPC Wheatons Ltd, Exeter
CONTENTS
M. ENDO,
S.
IIJIMA and M.
S.
DRESSELHAUS: Editorial
,
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M.
S.
DRESSELHAUS: Preface: Carbon nanotubes
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M. ENDO, K. TAKEUCHI, K. KOBORI, K. TAKAHASHI, H.
W.
KROTO and
A. SARKAR: Pyrolytic carbon nanotubes from vapor-grown carbon fibers..
. . . . .
.
D.
T.
COLBERT and R. E. SMALLEY: Electric effects in nanotube growth..
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*.
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V. IVANOY, A. FONSECA, J. B. NAGY, A. LUCAS, P. LAMBIN, D. BERNAERTS and
X.
B. ZHANG: Catalytic production and purification of nanotubes having fullerene-
scale diameters
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M.
S.
DRESSELHAUS, G. DRESSELHAUS and R. SAITO: Physics of carbon nanotubes
J.
W. MINTMIRE and C. T. WHITE: Electronic and structural properties of carbon
nanotubes
..................................................................
C.-H. KIANG, W. A. GODDARD
111,
R. BEYERS and
D.
S.
BETHUNE: Carbon
nanotubes with single-layer walls
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R. SETTON: Carbon nanotubes:
I.
Geometrical considerations
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K. SATTLER: Scanning tunneling microscopy
of
carbon nanotubes and nanocones
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T. W. EBBESEN and
T.
TAKADA: Topological and SP3 defect structures in nanotubes
S.
IHARA and
S.
ITOH: Helically coiled and torodial cage forms of graphitic carbon
. .
A. FONSECA,
K.
HERNADI,
J.
B.
NAGY,
P. H.
LAMBIN and A. A. LUCAS: Model
structure
of
perfectly graphitizable coiled carbon nanotubes
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A. SARKAR, H.
W.
KROTO and M. ENDO: Hemi-toroidal networks in pyrolytic carbon
nanotubes
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X.
K. WANG,
X.
W.
LIN,
S.
N.
SONG,
V.
P.
DRAVID,
J.
B. KETTERSON and
R. P.
H.
CHANG: Properties of buckytubes and derivatives..
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J.-P. ISSI, L. LANGER,
J.
HEREMANS and C. H. OLK: Electronic properties
of
carbon
nanotubes: Experimental results
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P.
C.
EKLUND, J.
M.
HOLDEN
and R. A. JISHI: Vibrational modes
of
carbon nanotubes:
Spectroscopy and theory.
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R.
S.
RUOFF and D. C. KORENTS: Mechanical and thermal properties of carbon
nanotubes
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J.
IF.
DESPRES, E. DAGUERRE and K. LAFDI: Flexibility of graphene layers in carbon
nanotubes.
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V
vii
ix
1
11
15
27
37
47
59
65
71
77
87
105
111
121
129
143
1.49
Y
.
SAITO: Nanoparticles and filled nanocapsules
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153
D
.
UGARTE: Onion-like graphitic particles
........................................
163
U
.
ZIMMERMAN.
N
.
MALINOWSKI. A
.
BURKHARDT and T
.
P
.
MARTIN: Metal-
coated fullerenes
............................................................
169
Subject Index
...................................................................
181
...................................................................
Author Index
183
vi
EDITORIAL
Carbon nanotubes have been studied extensively in
relation to fullerenes, and together with fullerenes
have opened a new science and technology field on
nano scale materials. This book aims to cover recent
research and development in this area, and
so
provide
a convenient reference tool for all researchers in this
field. It is a.lso hoped that this book can serve to
stimulate future work on carbon nanotubes.
Carbon nanotubes have the same range of diameters
as fullerenes, and are expected to show various kinds
of size effects in their structures and properties.
Carbon nanotubes are one-dimensional materials and
fullerenes are zero-dimensional, which brings differ-
ent effects
to
bear
on
their structures as well as on
their properties.
A
whole range of issues from the
preparation, structure, properties and observation of
quantum effects in carbon nanotubes in comparison
with
0-D
fullerenes are discussed in this book.
In order to review the wide research area of carbon
nanotubes this book focuses on recent intensive
work published in
Carbon.
The papers are written
from the viewpoint that carbon nanotubes, as well
as fullerenes, are the most interesting new carbon
allotropes. Readers can then understand the fasci-
nation of graphene sheets when they are rolled into
a nanometer size tubular form from a flat network
corresponding to conventional graphite. This book
also contains complementary reviews on carbon
nanoparticles such as carbon nano-capsules, onion-
like graphite particles and metal-coated fullerenes.
We hope this book will contribute to the dissemina-
tion of present understanding of the subject and to
future developments in the science and technology of
carbon nanotubes and fullerenes, and of carbon
science more generally.
The editors thank all authors who contributed
so
many excellent papers covering all aspects of carbon
nanotubes and the related fields. We are indebted
to
the Editor-in-Chief of
Carbon,
Professor Peter
A.
Thrower, for his suggestion and kind efforts, and also
to
Dr
V.
Kiruvanayagam for her kind cooperation
related
to
this book.
Morinobu Endo
Sumio Iijima
Mildred
S.
Dresselhaus
Editors
vii