Drake G.W.F. (editor) Handbook of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics
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1478 Subject Index
degenerate four-wave mixing 1341
delay time, collisional 664
delayed choice, in quantum
measurement 1191
Delbrück scattering 917
delta function
– electric field effect on matrix
elements 233
delta rays 959
Demeur’s formula, electron energy
shift 416
dense coding 1220
density functional theory 97, 98,
302, 475
– locality 303
density matrix 123, 221
– diagonal representation 222
– equation of motion 1010
– for polarized beams 699
– for relaxation processes 125
– for thermal equilibrium 125
– from Stokes vector 696
–full 126
– reduced 126
– reduced spin 131
– two-level atom 1004, 1010, 1023,
1025
density of states
– classical 841
– photon 215
density operator 123
– irreducible components 127
– reduced 1152, 1159
– time evolution 124
depolarization 130
– in Rydberg atom collisions 836
– postcollisional 697
depth-dose curve 1383
derivative coupling 476
derivative, numerical approximation
of 140
desorption 1352
detachment 983
detailed balance 623, 817, 822,
1006
detailed balancing 939
detector 648
– charge-coupled device 650
– far-infrared 619
– ionization chamber 650
– microchannel plate 649
– neutral particles 969
– nonoptical 969
– photographic plate 649
– photomultiplier tube 649
– silicon photodiode 650
– spectroscopic 969, 970
– surface ionization 969
– vacuum photodiode 649
detector conversion factors 1385
detuning 1001, 1010, 1024, 1058,
1066, 1081, 1091, 1128, 1175
– two-photon 1073
deuterium 437
– equation of state 1315
deuteron charge radius 443
Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm 1222
diabatic
– electronic state 742
– Hamiltonian 742
– matrix elements 767
– passage, of Rydberg atoms 240
–PES 742
– potential
for mutual neutralization 810
– state 469, 1134, 1362
diagrammatic technique 109, 359
diatomic molecules
– binding with noble gases 482
– dissociative electron–ion
recombination 583
– electron scattering by 721
– noncrossing rule 470
– nonrigid 95
– one-electron 92
– radiative transitions in 520
– rigid 95
– symmetric top structure 492
– Thomas–Fermi ‘no binding’ result
295
– vibrational structure 480
Dicke narrowing 1013
dielectric
– cavity QED in 1173
– constant 3
dielectronic recombination 800,
829, 961, 1236, 1330
–Au
76+
832
– cross section 821
–Cu
26+
832
– data generation 829
–inplasmas 833
–O
5+
830
difference frequency generation
1056
differencing algorithms 143
differential cross section 908, 930
differential equations
– numerical methods 141
ordinary 141
– power series solution 146
differential reactivity method 990
different-orbitals-for-different-spins
(DODS) 110
diffraction 1133
–atom 1133
– electron 1133
– Fraunhofer limit 1133
– Fresnel regime 1133
– Laue geometry 1134
– limit 1133
–neutron 1133
– small-angle 679
– superluminal group delays 1203
diffusion
– coefficient 806, 1265, 1323
– cross section see momentum
transfer cross section 708
– free 1323
– induced 1096
diffusion method
– for recombination processes 814
diffusional-drift
– in recombination processes 806
dipole
– approximation 999
– coupling, of atoms and fields
1169
– critical strength 1362
–force 1096
–moment 110, 998
– potential 575
– response function 1396
– scattering 686, 1345
dipole approximation 902
dipole force 1094
Dirac energy levels 438
Dirac equation 328
– angular distributions 339
– behavior near the origin 340
– continuity equation 329
– Coulomb Green’s function 161
– eigenvectors 338
– finite nuclear models 341
– free electron 343
– hydrogenic 91, 157
dynamical effects 342
– hydrogenic solutions
radial moments 342
– in scattering theory 709
– magnetic field 228
– nonrelativistic limit 341
– point nucleus 341
– radial density distributions 339
– spherical symmetry 337
jj-coupling subshells 339
eigenstates 338
– square integrable solutions 341
Subject Index
Subject Index 1479
Dirac gamma matrices 328
Dirac–Hartree–Fock method 351,
1358
Dirac–Pauli matrices 94
direct dynamics 544
direct excitation cross section 934
direction cosine matrix elements 22
discharge
– cold cathode 1327
–flash 644
–H
2
,D
2
644
– hot cathode 1328
– noble gas 644
– positive column 1327
–rf 1331
discretization of the continuum 758
disentanglement 1074
dispersion
– anomalous 1014
– normal 1014
– optical 262
– quantum mechanical cancellation
1202
dispersion relation 1129
– for Thomas scattering 866
dispersive behaviour 1010
dispersive phase 1136
displacement operator 1143
dissociation 562, 576
– electron impact 935
– probabilities 804
– spontaneous 562
dissociative attachment 576, 722
– in Rydberg atom collisions 836
dissociative ionization 1269
dissociative recombination 576,
800, 807, 1239, 1274, 1277, 1294,
1330
– in the atmosphere 1295
– of diatomic ions 807
– polyatomic 566
distinct row table 96
distorted wave approximation 716
– for dielectronic recombination
833
– for elastic scattering 674
distorted wave Born approximation
– strong potential 793, 795
distribution functions
– use of in Rydberg collisions 840
Doppler broadening 1012, 1103
Doppler cooling 1095, 1100
Doppler spectroscopy 973
Doppler-free resonance 1018
Doppler-free spectroscopy 458,
1015
dosimetry 1389
double excitation 906
double ionization 780, 904, 906,
922
– binary encounter approximation for
855
– by antiprotons 756
– in heavy particle scattering 755
double Pfaffians
– skew symmetric matrices 65
double-well potential 1121
doubly excited states 392
down conversion
– energy–time correlations 1189
– nonclassical features 1145
– polarization entanglement 1196
– spontaneous 1187
– suppression of spontaneous 1192
dressed atom
–two-level 1002
dressed state 1002, 1161
– in electron scattering 724
drift velocity 1323
– definition 1321
dynamical algebras 87
dynamical group
– noncompact 87
dynamical symmetry 492, 523
dynamical tunneling 494
Dyson equation 112, 401, 403, 406,
408
Dyson orbital 368
E
e–2e measurement 936
Eagle mount 647
Earnshaw theorem 1099
Eckart coordinates 761, 765
ECPSSR 757
effective Hamiltonian 110
effective range, in elastic scattering
668
effective thickness of the atmosphere
1260
effusive beam 1138
eigenpolarization 1054
eikonal
–Bornseries 716, 726
– criterion 776
– distorted state 779
– in de Broglie optics 1130
– phase 673
eikonal method
– for forward reactive scattering
684
– for heavy particle scattering 755,
778
Einstein A and B coefficients 237,
261, 286, 1005, 1023
– molecular 524
Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen (EPR)
paradox 1195
elastic scattering 661, 705, 933, 976
– Born approximation 674
– cross section 368, 661
– distorted wave approximation 674
– effective range formulae 668
– in reactive systems 683
– intermediate and high energy 714
– low energy 705
– of electrons 705
thermal energy loss function
1270
– oscillatory structure effects 683
– small-angle 680, 681
electric dipole interaction 216, 380,
998
– finite nuclear mass effect 216
– length, velocity and acceleration
forms 380
– molecular 520
– motional correction 1127
– two-level atom 1001
electric dipole moment 216, 836,
998
– molecular 526
electric dipole phase 1136
electric dipole transition 187, 321,
380
– finite nuclear mass effect 216
– helium results 216, 217
– hydrogenic matrix elements 836
– molecular 520, 526
– selection rules 381
– Stokes parameters for 131
electric field
– atoms in 231, 247
– hydrogenic wave functions in
232
– operator 1142
electric multipole 258, 997
electric polarization 999
electric quadrupole transition 187,
192
electromagnetic field 1168
– quantized 331
electromagnetic interaction 413
electromagnetic units 1
electron
– magnetic moment 429
– relative atomic mass 437
Subject Index
1480 Subject Index
electron affinity 321, 1330
–ofclusters 591, 598
electron attachment 578, 582
electron beam ion traps 273
electron capture 932, 955
– Born approximation for 859
– cross section 764, 767, 770
– from hydrogen 944
– impact parameter dependence 768
–intheAl
3+
/Hsystem 767
– influence of rotational coupling
768
– Monte Carlo method for 869, 870
– orientation effects 770
– state-selective 872
– Thomas double-scattering 777
electron collisions
– with trapped atoms 939
electron configuration 176
electron correlation 96, 106
– density functional theory 475
– Green’s function techniques for
401
– in heavy particle scattering 756
– many-body perturbation theory of
353, 365
– photoionization effects 379, 902,
922
– relativistic 353
– wave function methods for 472
electron diffraction 1133, 1344
electron energy loss 1270, 1343,
1375, 1378, 1379, 1391
– degradation spectra and yields
1392
– electron transport 1392
– spectroscopy 1345
– spectrum in molecular hydrogen
1393
electron impact processes 929, 1328
electron optics 1125
electron scattering
– by complex atoms 725
– by ions 725
electron self-energy 353
electron shell 176
electron shelving 1104
electron transfer 943
electron transition moment,
molecular 526
electron translation factor 776
electron transport
– and degradation 1392
– in a molecular substance 1394
electron–atom collisions 705, 929
– benchmark measurements 934
– collisions with excited species
939
– diagrammatic perturbation theory
361
– excitation cross sections 934
–inalaserfield 723, 726
electron–electron interaction
operators
–Breit 334
– Coulomb 334
– Feynman 334
– Gaunt 334
electron–ion collisions 705
electron–ion recombination 575,
583
– working formulae 802
electron–molecule collisions
– inelastic 978
– theory 720
electron–photon coincidence
– geometry of 132
– measurement 936
electron–photon excitation,
simultaneous 724
electron–positron field 329
electro-optic effect 1061
– linear 1061, 1062
– quadratic 1061
emission intensity 186
endohedral complexes 595
energy conversion factors 4
energy disposal in elementary
reactions 975
energy loss 931, 1374
– cross section 1375, 1376
– electron 1270
– spectrum 931, 954
– straggling 1381
– total cross section 1378
energy transfer
– cross section 841
– in combustion reactions 1336
energy–intensity model, of molecular
transition strengths 518
entangled atoms and photons
1181
entangled states 1137, 1189, 1195
entanglement 1216
– apparatus to demonstrate 1197
– energy–time 1197
– for quantum cryptography 1201
– generation of 1181
–momentum 1197
– of formation 1218
– orbital angular momentum 1197
– polarization 1196
– swapping 1201, 1220
– witness 1217
enthalpy change 576
entropy
– change 576, 577
– entanglement 1218
– reduction 1181
– Shannon’s information 233
Epstein–Nesbet perturbation theory
106
equation of continuity 1117
equation of state
–deuterium 1315
–plasmas 1304
equation-of-motion method 110
equilibrium constant 577
equitorial airglow, spectrum of
Jupiter 1289
equivalent electrons 176
equivalent oscillator theorem 840
Euler angles 559
Euler’s method 142
Euler’s theorem 594
evanescent light 1131
evanescent matter wave 1131
evaporative cooling 1099, 1116
evolution operator 111
exchange asymmetry 938
exchange potential 706, 707
– gradient corrected 302
– local 722
exchange reaction
– Monte Carlo method for 869, 870
exchange-correlation potential 302
– validity tests 302
excitation in Fermi gas 1115
exclusive process 755
exohedral complexes 595
exosphere, terrestial 1261
extended X-ray absorption fine
structure (EXAFS) 1376
extinction coefficient 1070
F
f value 186, 187, 194
Fabry–Perot etalon 1027
Fabry–Perot resonator 625, 1132
factoring algorithm 1223
factorization lemma 109
Fano factor 1394
Fano profile 904
Fano, Ugo 1397
Fano–Lichten model 955
Faraday dark space 1327
Faraday effect 1016
Subject Index
Subject Index 1481
far-infrared (FIR) spectroscopy 615
– detectors 619
– instrumental resolution 618
– spectrometer (diagram) 616
– tunable sources 617
fault tolerant computing 1223
feedback 1023
feedback control 552
Felgett advantage, in Fourier
transform spectroscopy 610
femtosecond laser pulses 644,
1031, 1035, 1045, 1080
Fermi
– contact term 319
–energy 1109
–gas 1109
degenerate 1109
excitations 1115
Thomas–Fermi approximation
1115
–sea 1109
– temperature 1109
– vacuum 107
– virtual photon method 1377, 1380
Fermi’s golden rule 215, 320, 919,
1014
Fermi–Dirac statistics 1109
fermion 76, 94, 115
– anticommutator 1109
– commutation relations 115
Fermi-symmetric molecule 507
Feshbach projection operator 393,
710, 715, 722
Feshbach resonance 392, 395, 396,
542, 710, 1111
– vibrational predissociation and
radiative stabilization mechanism
570
Feynman causal propagator 330,
333
Feynman diagram 107, 359
Feynman–Vernon–Hellwarth picture
1003
field
– atoms in 227
– classical 1168
– dipole coupling 1169
– electromagnetic 1168
– nonclassical features 1179
– operator 1108
– quantization 1142
– quantum 1168
–shift 256, 257
– states 1162
– theory, classical 1110
filter, optical 651
fine structure
– atomic 177
– depolarization effects of 697
– Hamiltonian 307
– hydrogen 444
– of helium 218
– rotational 497, 500, 504
– transition rates, in Rydberg
collisions 844
fine structure constant, from g− 2
measurement 432
fine structure effect 939
– on electron scattering 939
– on low temperature reactions 565
fine structure transitions
– cross sections for
in Rydberg collisions 844
– measurement of 615
fine-structure constant 3
finite basis set method 230, 714
finite element method 144
finite group action 24, 25
finite matrix method
– for atoms and molecules 351
Floquet theory 726, 1086
– for atoms in a laser field 726
fluctuation potential 332
fluence spectrum 1374
fluorescence efficiency 1250
fluorescence process 904
–incomets 1251
fluorescence yield 921
fluorescent scattering 1285
flux–velocity contour map 976
Fock expansion 200
Fock matrix for
Dirac–Hartree–Fock–Breit method
– Breit interaction 352
– Coulomb interaction 352
– density matrix 352
– one-electron Hamiltonian 351
Fock state 1108, 1176
Fokker–Planck equation 1093,
1154, 1158
– damped harmonic oscillator
1154
forbidden bands 286
forbidden transition 187, 192
– molecular 530
form factor 791, 838, 916
– connection with generalized
oscillator strength 838
– expressions for discrete transitions
858
– general trends 858
– inelastic 1377
– power series expansion for 856
– representation as microcanonical
distribution 838
– semiclassical limit 838
fountain, atomic 1104
Fourier analysis 139
Fourier transform (FT)
– discrete 139
–fast 139
– mass spectrometry 935
– spectroscopy (FTS) 263, 608, 615
alignment techniques 612
spectrum generation 610
four-wave mixing 1058
– optical phase conjugation 1058
– sidemode squeezing 1145
fractional parentage 117–119
– coefficients of 117
fractional revival 1072
fragmented condensate 1114
frame transformation 517, 792, 975,
985
Franck–Condon
– factor 525
effective, for dissociative
recombination 809
sum rule 525
– mapping 542
– overlap 579
– principle 285, 525, 540, 887, 935
–region 540
Franson interferometer 1197
Fraunhofer
– diffraction 1133
black sphere 684
– limit 1133
free electron gas 302
free induction decay 1068
free radicals 1336
frequency
–comb 458
– pulling 1027
– shifter, laser 1043
– stabilization 1042
– standard 186, 456, 1104
frequency comb, optical 631
– application to spectroscopy 631
Fresnel
– diffraction 1133
– formula 1131
– number 1029, 1030
– regime 1133
– zone plate 1133
fullerene 593, 594
– buckled 598
– endohedral complexes 595
Subject Index
1482 Subject Index
– formation 595
– rotational spectrum of 506
functions, representation of 135
fundamental constants 455, 460
furnace method 262
furry bound interaction picture
329
fusion plasma 1303
fusion, nuclear 1360
G
gain clamping 1025, 1026
gain coefficient 1023
gain media 1023
– homogeneously broadened
1025–1027, 1033
– inhomogeneously broadened
1026, 1027, 1033
gain saturation 1025, 1026
Galerkin method 144
Galilean invariant cross section 790
gas phase collisions and chemistry
561, 576
– astrophysical applications 1235,
1247, 1265
–clusters 590
gauge
– choices 414
–invariance 401
– length and velocity 215, 380, 724
– symmetry 1114
– transformation 227
Gaunt factor 823
– semicalssical representation 838
Gaussian
– beam 1029
– chaotic field 1079
– quadrature 140
– state 1217
– units 1
Gegenbauer polynomial 16, 169,
841
Gel’fand tableaux 93
Gel’fand–Paldus tableau 96
Gel’fand–Tsetlin canonical chain
93
Gell–Mann and Low formula 111
generalized gradient approximation
(GGA) 302
generalized oscillator strength 790,
931, 954, 1377
– connection with form factor 838
generator
– atomic operators as 76
– commuting 77
–lowering 92
–raising 92
– weight 92
geometric phase 1136
germanium clusters 597
g-factor
– electron 429
– hydrogenic carbon 432, 437
– hydrogenic oxygen 432, 437
GHZ test of nonlocality 1199
giant clusters 595
Gibbs free energy 576
Glauber approximation 716, 757
Glauber–Sudarshan distribution
1149
global warming 1293
glory and rainbow scattering 662,
679, 681, 887, 976
– glory diffraction oscillations 681
– rotational rainbow 977
godparent 117
Goldstone diagram 107
gradient force 1094, 1096
Grassman algebra 97
gravitational wave detection 1206
–LIGO 1206
–LISA 1207
– quantum nondemolition 1206
– resonant mass-detector 1206
Green’s function 111, 395, 401, 710
– continuum distorted wave 776,
777
– Coulomb 159
– Coulomb Dirac 161
– four-point 405
– Hartree–Fock propagator 366
– in formal scattering theory 146
– potential scattering 112
– propagator 333
– radiative corrections 408
– radiative transitions 406
– Thomas process 865
– two-point 402
greenhouse gases 1296
Greenstein effect, in comets 1252
Gross–Pitaevskii equation (GPE)
1110
– numerical methods 1113
group
– SO(3)
Euler–Rodrigues parameters of
representation functions 18, 21
representation, orthogonality
properties 21
representation, symmetry
relations 23
– SU(2)
parametrization of representation
functions 18
representation functions 21
representation, orthogonality
properties 21
representation, symmetry
relations 23
solid harmonics 60
–U(2) spin 96
–U(2n) spin orbital 96
– Abelian 76
– dynamical 87
noncompact 87
– Euclidean 89
–Lie 327
–Lorentz 89, 327, 328
– molecular symmetry 493
– octahedral 498
– orthogonal 493
– parametrized SO(3, R)
representations 20
– parametrized SU(2) representations
20
– Poincaré 327, 328
– representation theory 92
– rotation 77, 88, 493
– semisimple 76
– simple 76
– symplectic 77
– tetrahedral 498
–U(n) orbital 96
– unitary 76
group action
– Hilbert spaces 26
– matrix group actions 26
– relation to angular momentum
theory 26
group and Lie algebra realizations
27
group delay 1203
group generators 75, 77
group reduction 79
group velocity 1025, 1071, 1130
– dispersion
cancellation of 1202
pulse propagation 1055
– in dispersive medium
1020
– single photon 1202
– superluminal 1203
gyromagnetic ratio 999
gyro-rotor
– perturbed, diagram 510
– spherical, diagram 510
– symmetric, diagram 510
Subject Index
Subject Index 1483
H
Hadamard gate 1221
Hahn–Banach theorem 1217
halfway house VCDW 779
halogen molecule scattering 979
Hamilton optics 1130
Hamilton–Jacobi equation 782
Hanbury–Brown and Twiss effect
1031, 1146, 1147, 1186
Hanle effect 130, 265
harmonic generation 1056, 1082
– by elliptically polarized fields
1083
– conversion efficiency 1056
– higher-order 1061, 1062
–third 1057
harmonic oscillator
–damped 1153, 1154, 1157
– length scale 1110
harmonic plateau 1082
harmonium 92
harpoon mechanism 978
harpooning distance 978
Hartree energy 5
Hartree term 404
Hartree–Fock approximation 106,
308, 309, 401
–diagrams 364
– multiconfiguration 313, 315
– time dependent 756, 1359, 1362
Hartree–Fock diagrams 108
Hausdorff formula 110
healing length 1111
heat bath 1152
heat capacity, ideal gas 968
heats of formation 577
Heaviside–Lorentz units 1
– natural 4
heavy particle scattering 754, 775
– analytical approximations 757
– dynamics of 873
– forced impulse method 756
– independent event model 756
– independent particle model 756
– many-electron treatments 756
– numerical calculations 757
heavy-ion storage ring 275
Hegerfeldt’s paradox 1202
height parameter 698
Heisenberg correspondence principle
839
helicity, photon 695
helium
–2s2p
1
P
0
autoionization states
394
– electron capture resonance 932
– electron scattering processes 933
– energy structure and notation 177
– ground-state expectation values
(table) 208
– ionization energy (table) 211
– ionization of 791
– isotope shift (table) 207
– nonrelativistic eigenvalue (table)
205, 206
– nonrelativistic energies for He-like
ions 207
– oscillator strength (table) 216,
217
– quantum defect extrapolation
(table) 212
– singlet-triplet mixing (table) 217
– threshold ionization of 784, 785
– total energies for 208
helium clusters 601
helium-like ions 302
– energy structure and notation 177
Hellmann–Feynman theorem 303,
766
Helmholtz equation 1129
hemispherical analyzer 910
Henry α parameter 1028
Hessian matrix 469
heterodyne detection 1148
hidden variables 1196
high energy-density physics (HEDP)
1305
high field seeker 1129
highly stripped ions 264, 269, 1359
– in astrophysics 1238
Hilbert transform 1012
Hohenberg–Kohn theorem 475
Hohenberg–Kohn variational
principle 301
hole burning 629
– spatial 1012, 1026, 1027, 1030
– spectral 1012, 1027, 1030
hollow cathode 644
–lamp 263
Holstein–Biberman theory 287
Holtsmark formula 1306
homodyne detection 1147
homogeneous broadening 1011,
1025, 1026, 1103
homologous sequence 185
homomorphism
– SU(2) → SO(3, R) 11
homopause 1260
– characteristics of planets and
satellites 1260
homosphere 1260
Hong–Ou–Mandel interferometer
1190, 1191
– ultrafast measurements 1202
Hönl–London factors 527
–sumrules 528
Hook method 262
hot atom chemistry 1397
HRTOF 980
Hubble Space Telescope 1248
Hugenholtz diagram 107
Hund’s coupling cases 528
Husimi’s function 1151
Huygens principle 1133
hydrodynamic escape mechanism
1287
hydrogen 437
–atom 459
– atomic beam 968
– electron capture 944
– electron impact excitation of 699
– fine structure 444
– group theory of 81, 88
– infrared lines of 882
– ionization by proton impact 793
–Lambshift 444
– O(4) symmetry 156
– radio lines of 882
– SO(4) symmetry 89
– SO(4,2) symmetry 90
hydrogenic atoms 184, 437
– algebraic approach to 91
– electric dipole transition integrals
837
– excited state energies in magnetic
fields (table) 231
– expectation values (table) 214
– ground state energies in magnetic
fields (table) 230
– Monte Carlo calculations for 871
– N-dimensional 91
– nuclear size correction (table) 230
– perturbations of 91
– structure and notation 176
hydrogenic ions 184, 194
Hylleraas functions 201, 393
– Hamiltonian matrix elements 204
– integral recursion relations 204
– integrals involving 202
Hylleraas–Undheim–MacDonald
theorem 201, 309, 759
hyperfine splitting
– hydrogeen 422
– muonium 421
hyperfine structure 253, 319, 506,
1364
– anomalies 259
Subject Index
1484 Subject Index
– depolarization effects of 697
– energy splittings 254
– intensities 255
– normal 258
– tetrahedral nuclear 505
hypergeometric function 34, 162
hypergeometric series form of
WCG-coefficients 35
hyperpolarizability 1053
hyperradius 782
hyperspherical coordinates 398, 781
– in ion–atom collisions 772
I
imaginary time 1114
imaging
– ion–molecule reactions 991
impact parameter approximation
751, 776
impulse approximation 795, 845
– quantal
weak binding condition 849
– semiquantal 851
inclusive process 755
independent
– event model 756
– particle model (IPM) 755
– processes approximation 831
index of refraction 999, 1009, 1070
– complex 1011, 1014
infinitesimal generators 12
information content
– single photon 1200
Infrared Space Observatory 1245
infrared spectral region, definition
181, 607
infrared spectroscopy 607
inhomogeneous broadening 1012,
1025, 1026
inner shell processes 951
inner shell vacancy rearrangement
387
instability, thermodynamical 1115
integral approximation 139
– adaptive quadrature 140
– compsite quadrature 140
– Gaussian quadrature 140
– polynomial quadrature 139
integral cross section 930
integral equations 146
– numerical methods 141
integral transforms 146
integral, atomic and molecular 105
integration in imaginary time
1114
intensity quantities see also
oscillator strengths etc. 193
– atomic
multiplet values 193
regularities, scaling 194
systematic trends, sequences
194
– molecular 518
fits to experiment 520
interaction picture 111, 124
interaction-free measurement 1194
interference
– between atomic BECs 1189
– Buckyball 1188
– Feynman rules 1190
– filter 651
– Franson interferometer 1197
– fringes 1135
– in de Broglie optics 1135
– low-intensity 1186
– matter–wave 1188
– porphyrine 1188
– single-photon 1188
– two-photon, or fourth-order
1190
interferometer
– division of amplitude 1135
– division of wavefront 1135
– Hong–Ou–Mandel 1190
– loop 1135
– Mach–Zehnder 1135
– optical Ramsey 1137
– scanning Michelson 609
– stimulated Raman 1137
– three-grating 1135
– young double slit 1135
intermediate coupling 181
internal conversion
– in predissociation 536
International Ultraviolet Explorer
1248
interpolated functions, derivatives of
141
interpolation 135
– Chebyshev 137
– cubic spline 136
– iterated 136
– Lagrange 136
– orthogonal function 137
– rational function 136
intersection, conical 486
interstellar gas clouds 576
– molecules observed in 1240
intersystem transition, atomic 177
intrinsic relaxation 1071
invariance groups (algebras) 87
inversion symmetry 493
– of wave functions 516
inverted medium optical pumping
1014
Ioffe–Pritchard trap 1116
ion beam spectroscopy 269
ion crystal 1102
ion–atom collisions 789
– differential 948
– dynamics of 765
– electron spectroscopy 948
– electron spectrum 959, 960
– high energy cross section 790
– low energy 943
– multi-electron 957
– nonperturbative processes 955
– pertubative processes 951
– photon spectroscopy 947
– quasifree electron 961
– reactions 761
– recoil momentum spectroscopy
948
– relativistic 1359
– state selective 947
– translational energy spectroscopy
947
ion–atom interchange 580
ion–dipole reactions 564
ionic clusters 596
ionic reactions, table of 576
ionization 779, 951, 962
– adiabatic 1362
– balance
in plasmas 1308
– by high energy particles (cross
section table) 1378
–chamber 650
– classical 240
scaling 1085
– cross section
Born series method 719
distorted wave method 719
exterior complex scaling (ECS)
method 718
pseudostate method 718
time-dependent close coupling
method 718
–diffusive 1085
– double 780
binary encounter approximation
for 855
– electron impact 790, 935, 969,
970, 1268, 1328
empirical formula for 969
– electron scattering theory of 717
–field 240, 242
Subject Index
Subject Index 1485
– free-free transition picture 795
– in heavy particle scattering 753,
755, 758
– in ion–atom collisions 789
– mechanism 935
– Monte Carlo method for 869, 870
– multiphoton (REMPI) 970, 1078
– multiple 1081
– multistep 1080
– nonperturbative 1081
– of light target atoms 952
– potential
in Hartree–Fock approximation
313
of clusters 591, 596, 598
of ground state atoms (table)
182
– projectile electrons 796
– stabilization in intense laser fields
1083
–Stark 240
– state-selective field 240
– strong field approximations
1087
– surface 969
– tunneling 240, 1081
– yield spectrum for molecular
hydrogen 1393
– yield, definition 1394
ionizing radiation 915, 1389
– charged particles 951, 1391
– condensed matter effects 1396
– neutrons 1391
– photons 915, 1391
– track structures 1395
ion–molecule reaction 563, 564,
581, 983, 1274
– atmospheric 1272
– cross section 987
– ideal experiment 984
– imaging 991
– in interstellar clouds 1241
– instrumentation 985
– kinematic analysis 985
– product formation rate 984
ion–neutral reaction 575, 579
ionosphere, electron density profile
1279
ionospheric
– density profiles 1277
– regions 1271
ion-pair formation, in Rydberg
collisions 836
ion–quadrupole interactions 1274
irreducible representation 78
– of SO(2,1) 88
irreducible tensor operator 38, 127
–algebraof 39
– examples 40
– unit tensor operators 40
– Wigner–Eckart theorem 39
irreducible tensor operators 224
irreversible process 125
isentropic expansion 967
isobaric nuclei 1358
isoelectronic sequence 185
isoionic sequence 185
isolated pentagon rule 595
isolated resonance approximation
831
isomer shift 257
isomers 594, 595, 597
isonuclear sequence 185
isoscalar factor 82
isotope separation 1080
isotope shift 200, 256, 318
– residual 257
isotopic labeling 580, 581
isotropic harmonic oscillator 90
J
Jackson–Schiff correction factor, in
electron capture 859
Jacobi coordinates 540
Jacobi polynomials 15
– relation to SU(2) group
representations 21
Jacobian, frame transformation 975
Jacquinot advantage, in Fourier
transform spectroscopy 611
Jacquinot stop 612
Jahn–Teller effect 536
Jaynes–Cummings model 1002,
1175, 1226
Jeans escape mechanism 1287
Jeffrey–Born phase function 663,
673
Jeffreys connection formula 783
Jellium model 590
Josephson effect 1121
K
KAM torus 1085
Kapitza–Dirac effect 1134
– geometry of 1134
– near-resonant 1133
Kato cusp condition 200
– in Thomas–Fermi theory 299
Keldysh parameter 1081
Kepler orbits 869
Kepler realization of SO(4) 89
kernel function 147
kinematic analysis, scattering 985
Kirkwood function 1151
Klein–Gordon equation 91
Kleinman symmetry 1052
Klein–Nishina cross section 919
Klots unimolecular decay theory
568
K-matrix 707
Kohn variational method 713, 783
Kohn–Sham method 302, 475
Koopman’s theorem 311, 351
Kramers cross section, for
photoionization 818
Kramers–Henneberger frame
transformation 726, 1083
Kramers–Kronig relation 866
Kroll–Watson formula 725
Kronecker product 79
– reduction 31
krypton, one-electron 264
L
ladder operator 88
Lagrange interpolation 136
Lagrange multiplier
– in Hartree–Fock theory 310
Laguerre polynomial 166
Lamb dip 629, 1027
–inverted 1016
– stabilization 1027
Lamb shift 1159
– helium 208
– hydrogen 444
Lamb–Dicke regime 1101
Landau critical velocity 1118
Landau level 227
– relativistic 228
Landau–Dyhne formula 1083
Landau–Lifshitz cross section 663,
680
Landau–Zener model 764, 769, 979
– charge transfer 943
– transition probability 242, 811
Landé g-value 184, 229
Langevin equation
– damped harmonic oscillator 1157
– quantum mechanical 1157
Langevin orbiting 946
Langevin rate coefficient 564, 806,
1274
Laplace–Runge–Lenz vector 89
Larmor precession
–usedasaclock 1203
Subject Index
1486 Subject Index
laser
– atmosperic transmission 1041
– beam quality 624
– categories (table) 1035
– coherent states 1030
– combustion diagnostics 1337
– configuration 623
– designs 625
– diagnostics 1335, 1341
– Doppler velocimetry 1337
– emission
spectral range of 1036
– excitation 939
–eyesafe 1041
–field
collisions in 723
– fluctuations 1079
– frequency conversion techniques
645
difference-frequency mixing
645
stimulated anti-Stokes Raman
scattering 645
sum-frequency mixing 645
third harmonic generation 646
–gain 623
– gain media (tables) 627
– interaction with matter 628
– linewidth 1028
– magnetic resonance (LMR)
spectrometer 618
– medical applications of 1041
– microscopic 1175
– mode
Fox–Li computations 1028
frequencies 1027
Gaussian 1029
longitudinal 1026, 1028
transverse 1028, 1033
– multimode 1030
– nonlinear mixing 1039
– oscillator and beam parameters
623
– oscillator geometries 624
– output intensity 1025
– photolysis
in molecular beams 968
– population inversion 623
– principles of operation 623
– pumping method 626, 1041
– resonator 625, 1028
concentric 1029
hemispherical 1029
stable 1028, 1030
symmetric confocal 1028
unstable 1028, 1030
–ring 626
– selective excitation 265
– short-pulsed 1038
– single-mode 1025
– spectroscopy
far-infrared 616
ultraviolet 641
visible region 623
– stability parameters 625
– sub-picosecond 626, 1040
– theory
semiclassical 1025, 1027
– tunable (table) 628
– vacuum ultraviolet 645
– without inversion 1080
laser types
–He
−
Ne 1023
– alexandrite 1040
– ammonia 1037
–ArF 1038
– chemical 1039
– chemical-oxygen-iodine (COIL)
1039
–CN
−
1042
–CO 1038
–CO
2
1037
– colliding-pulse 1045
– color center 1042
– copper vapor 1037
–Cr–LiCaAlF
6
1040
–Cr–LiSaAlF
6
1040
– cyanide 1037
– deuterium fluoride-CO
2
1039
– dye 1038
–erbium 1041
– excimer 1036, 1038
–extremeUV 1046
–fiber 1041
– fluorine 1038
– free electron 1046, 1047
–GaAlAs 1043
–GaAs 1044
–gas 1036
– germanium oxide 1039
– gold vapor 1037
–H
2
1038
–He–Cd 1037
–He–Ne 1036
– heterostructure 1043
– holmium 1041
– hydrogen fluoride 1039
– inorganic rare earth liquid 1045
–ion 1036
–KrF 1038
– lead salt 1044
– liquid 1044
– metal vapor 1037
– methyl fluoride 1037
– mixed gas 1037
– molecular 1037
–N
2
O 1038
–N
2
1038
– Nd-doped fiber 1042
– Nd–YAG 1038
– Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe 1036
– neutral atom 1036
– nuclear pumped 1046
– organic dye 1044
– particle beam-pumped 1046
– quantum well 1043, 1044
– Raman fiber 1042
– rare earth chelate 1045
– rare earth ion 1040
– rhodamine 6G 1043
–ring 1042
– ruby 1040
– semiconductor 1043
high power 1047
– solid state 1039
dye 1043, 1045
excimer 1039, 1043
thin-disk 1046
– soliton 1043
– stoichiometric 1041
– strained layer 1044
– TEA 1038
– thulium 1041
– Ti-sapphire 1040
– transition metal ion 1040
– vertical cavity surface emitting
1044
– water vapor 1037
–XeCl 1038
–XeF 1038
– X-ray 1046
–ZnSe 1044
laser, fixed frequency (table)
627
laser-cooled ions 1226
laser-induced bound states 1084
laser-induced continuum structure
1080
laser-induced fluorescence (LIF)
970, 1339
– detector 970
– in ion–molecule reactions 989
– wavelength table 1339
laser-induced transparency 1080
laser-produced plasma 643
lattice permutation 79
Lau effect 1133
Laue geometry 1134
Subject Index
Subject Index 1487
lead
– photon scattering by 917
– photon–atom scattering by
(1 keV–1 MeV) 916
leap-frogging 263
least dissipation, principle of
814
least squares, method of 137
Legendre function 169
Legendre polynomial 903
Lennard–Jones potential 564
– scattering by 681, 683
lens, atomic 1132, 1133
lepton charge 402, 403
lepton scattering
– tests of quantum electrodynamics
416
level shift
–acStark 1002
– and width 629
– Bloch–Siegert 1001
– light 1002
– operator 102
– transformation 102
level width 759, 921
level-crossing method
265
Levinson’s theorem 668
Lie algebra 75
– classification of 76
– realizations 87
– semisimple 76
Lie algebra action 25, 26
– Hilbert spaces 26
– matrix group actions 26
– relation to angular momentum
theory 26
Lie group 77, 327
Lieber diagram 864
ligand shell 593
light
– pressure 1094
– scattering
Rayleigh 915, 1006
resonant 1006
stimulated 1059
–shift 1002
– source
infrared 608
ultraviolet 642
– speed of 1
– strings 1047
– velocity of 1010
light–matter interaction 723, 997
– quantized fields 997
– semiclassical 997
LIGO gravitational wave observatory
1206
limit theorem, for generalized
oscillator strength 931
Lindemann mechanism 562
line broadening 103, 279, 875
– adiabatic approximation 885, 886
– asymmetric line shapes 282
– bound states and other quantum
effects 286
– bound–free and free–bound
transitions 887
– by atom–atom collisions 884, 886
– by charged particles 879
– by electrons 881, 883, 886
– by field of static ions 881
– classical oscillator approximation
280
– coefficient 284
– collisional 875, 1011
– collisional narrowing 1013
– cross section 878
– Doppler 195, 282, 1011, 1012
– effective Gaunt factor 880
– empirical formulae 879
– impact approximation 281, 875,
882
and line strength s
n
839
– in hydrogen and hydrogenic ions
880
– inhomogeneous 1012
– interaction potentials 280
– ion impact 880
– neutral atom 875
– one-perturber 885
– overlapping lines 875
– perturbation theory for 878
–power 1011
– pressure 195, 279, 875
unified theories of 888
– quadratic Stark 878
– quasistatic approximation 284
– quasistatic theory 282
– resonance 195, 878
– satellite features 285
– semiclassical theory 876
– shift and width operator for 876
– simple formulae 877
–Stark 196, 875, 877
widths, hydrogen 196
– van der Waals 195, 877
– Voigt profile 1015
– width and shift 884
matrices 876
– WKB approximation 887
line intensity 186
line profile, Voigt function 910
line radiation source 644
line shape
– Breit–Wigner 396, 672
– Doppler 279, 973, 1011, 1023,
1284
–Fano 395, 911, 1079
– Gaussian 195, 911
– Lorentzian 195, 279, 624, 876,
911, 921, 1000, 1012, 1025, 1170,
1284
– Shore 905
– Voigt 279, 911
profile 1012
line strength 187, 321, 837
– connection with oscillator strength
838
– hyperfine structure 255
– molecular 515
– relative (table) 193
– semiclassical representation 838
line width
– Doppler 1023
– homogeneous 1023
– inhomogeneous 1066
– Lorentzian 1027
line, atomic spectral 177
linear algebra, computational 148
linear algebraic equations method
714
linear energy transfer 1395
linear optics 1225
linear spectroscopy 1009
linear-response method 110
linkage, of transition rates 263
linked cluster theorem 108, 337
linked diagram 108, 109
Liouville equation 124
– quantum 1150
Liouville operator 223
Liouville space 223
Lippmann–Schwinger equation
112, 713
– distorted wave 777
LISA gravitational wave observatory
1207
lithium-like ions
– dielectronic recombination 831
local density approximation (LDA)
302
local oscillator 1148
local realism
– disproof of, without inequalities
1199
– three-particle gedanken experiment
1199
Subject Index