Boucquey Thierry (General Editor). Encyclopedia Of World Writers. 3 volumes
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Levisite oder der einzig gerechte Krieg
(The Only Just War) (Becher) 44
Leyendas (Legends) (Bécquer) 46
Liang Qichao 299
“Liberté” (Éluard) 131
Liberté I: Négritude et Humanisme
(Senghor) 318
Le Libertinage (Aragon) 25
Library Journal Best Book Award (United
States) 16
“The Library of Babel” (Borges) 56
Liebe beginnt (Love Begins) (Kaschnitz)
236
Life, A User’s Manual (Perec) 346
A Life (Una Vita) (Svevo) 418
The Life and Extraordinary Adventures of
Private Ivan Chonkin (Voinovich) 445
The Life and Times of Michael K. (Coetzee)
97–98
Li Feigan. See Ba Jin
Life Is Elsewhere (Kundera) 244
The Life of Henry Brulard (Stendahl)
414–415
The Life of Man (Ungaretti) 437
Life of Moravia (Moravia) 302–303
Life’s Mysteries: The Best of Shirley Lim
(Lim) 263
A Light for Fools (Ginzburg) 168
“Die Lilie” (“The Lily”) (Rinser) 371
Lim, Shirley Geok-Lin 263
Lina (Arghezi) 27
“Lips” (Hwang Tonggyu) 215
Lispector, Clarice 263–264
Litteréture (journal) 25, 62
“The Little Girl and the Rapeseed Flower”
(Shiga) 399
The Little Prince (Le Petit Prince) (Saint-
Exupéry) 380–381
Little Prose Poems (Les Petits poemes en
prose) (Baudelaire) 42
Little Snake and Little Frog (Okara) 333
Liu E 264
The Lives of Animals (Coetzee) 98
Lives of Girls and Women (Munro) 306
Living Amongst Heroes (Ba Jin) 34
The Living and the Dead (White) 448
The Living Corpse (Tolstoy) 429
The Living Mask (Henry IV) (Pirandello)
349–350
Living with the Stars (Hwang Sun-won)
214
Local Anesthetic (Ortlich Betaubt) (Grass)
180
Locomotive (Tuwim) 434
Logbook I (Seferis) 393
Logbook II (Seferis) 393
Logbook III (Seferis) 393
Der Lohndrücker (The Wage Shark)
(Müller) 304
Loin de Medine: filles d’Ismail (Far from
Medina) (Djebar) 121
Lolita (Nabokov) 310
“Loneliness” (Bing Xin) 52, 367
Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, translation
of, by Bunin 70
“The Long Silence” (Nortje) 327
Looking on Darkness (Brink) 65
Lorca, Federico García. See García Lorca,
Federico
Lorenzaccio (Musset) 308
Lorne Pierce Medal 112
The Loss of El Dorado (Naipaul) 312
The Lost Alphabet (Das verlorene Alphabet)
(Grünzweig) 183
The Lost Grove (Alberti) 13
Lost Illusions (Illusions perdues) (Balzac)
38
“The Lost Mona Lisa” (Takamura) 423
“The Lost Spear” (p’Bitek) 345
Lo-t’o Hsiang-tzu (Rickshaw Boy) (Lao)
256
Love: A Book of Remembrances (bpNichol)
323
Love Across the Jugular Vein (Samman)
382
Love Begins (Liebe beginnt) (Kaschnitz)
236
Love in Crime (Mroz
•
ek) 304
Love in the Time of Cholera (García
Márquez) 162
The Love of an Orange (Ravikovitch)
365
The Lover (M. Duras) 127
Lover of Night (Ashiqat al-lail) (Mala’ika)
274
The Lower Depths (Gorky) 178
Luca (Moravia) 302
Lucien Leuwen: The Green Huntsman
(Stendahl) 414
Lucumi religion 78
Lucy (Kincaid) 241
Lui (Colet) 147
Luka’ ibn Luka’ (Habibi) 188
Lures and Glimmers (B. Diop) 120
Lu Xun 265–266, 300
The Lying Days (Gordimer) 176–177
M
Machado de Assis, Joaquim Maria
267–268
Machado y Ruiz, Antonio 163, 268
Machado y Ruiz, Manuel 269
“Mack the Knife” (song) 61
Die Macht der Gewohnheit (The Force of
Habit) (Bernhard) 50
Madame Bovary (Flaubert) 147–148, 298,
366
Madarali Novel Prize 339
Madariaga, Salvador de 269
Mademoiselle de Maupin (Gautier) 162
Madmen and Specialists (Soyinka) 410
The Madwoman of Chaillot (Giraudoux)
169
Mae Nak Phra Khanong (Dhammachoti)
117
Maestro Don Gesualdo (Verga) 441
Maeterlinck, Maurice 270
The Magic Mountain (T. Mann) 281
magic realism 270–272
of Allende 16
of Carpentier 78
in Chinese modernism 300
in Cortázar 103
erotic, of Dépestre 114
in Farrah 142
in Fuentes 155
in Garía Márquez 161–162
Onetti and 335
postcolonialism and 353
in Roy 376
in Rushdie 377–378
in Saramago 385
in Schwartz-Bart 392
in Vargas 441
Magnetized Circles (Storni) 415
Magsaysay Award 116
Mahabharata 116, 235
The Mahabharata (Narayan) 313
Mahfouz, Naguib 272–273
The Maids (Genet) 164
Maigret et Monsieur Charles (Simenon)
401
Maillet, Antonine 274
“La Main ecorchée” (Maupassant) 286
La Maison de Claudine (My Mother’s
House) (Colette) 99
“Makar Chudra” (Gorky) 178
“The Making of a New Zealander”
(Sargeson) 386
The Makioka Sisters (Tanizaki) 424
Mala’ika, Nazik al- 274–275
Malange, Nise 275
The Malavogolia Family (Verga) 441
Malgudi Days (Narayan) 313
Malina (Bachmann) 37
Mallarmé, Stéphane 113, 145, 275–277,
418
Malone Meurt (Malone Dies) (Beckett) 45
Malouf, David 277
Malraux, André 137, 277–278
“Maman and His World” (Toer) 427
Les mamelles de Tirésias (The Breasts of
Tiresias) (Apollinaire) 24
The Mammaries of the Welfare State
(Chatterjee) 88
Mampato (magazine) 15
Man: A Broad Garden (Clovek Zahrada
Sirá) (Kundera) 244
A Man (Fallaci) 141
The Mandarines (Beauvoir) 43
Mandelstam, Osip Yemilyevich 7,
278–279
498 Encyclopedia of World Writers, 19th and 20th Centuries
The Man Died: The Prison Notes of Wole
Soyinka (Soyinka) 409
Manhae. See Han Yongun
Manhood (La Règle du jeu) (Leiris) 260
The Man in the Rubber Sandals (L’Homme
aux sandales de caoutchouc) (Yacine)
454
Mann, Heinrich 280
Mann, Thomas 113, 280–282
A Man of the People (Achebe) 7
The Manor (Singer) 403
Man’s Fate (Malraux) 278
Mansfield, Katherine 282–283
The Mansions and the Shanties: The
Making of Modern Brazil (Freyre) 153
Man’s Search for Values (Peretz) 347
The Manticore (Davies) 112
The Man Who Loved Children (Stead) 413
The Man Without Qualities (Musil) 307
Manzoni, Alessandro 283–284
Mao Dun 366–367
Marburger Literature Prize 182
La Maréchale D’Ancre (Vigny) 443
Marfarka the Futurist (Marinetti) 285
Marie Magdeleine (Maeterlinck) 270
Le Marin de Gibraltar (The Sailor from
Gibraltar) (M. Duras) 127
Marinetti, Filippo Tommaso 155–156,
284–285
Maris, Hyllus 3
Markens Grøde (The Growth of the Soil)
(Hamsun) 190
“Marketwoman” (Neto) 320
Maron, Monika 285
The Marriage (Gombrowicz) 172–173
Martereau (Sarraute) 387
Marthe, histoire dúne fille (Martha, the
story of a girl) (Huysmans) 213, 315
The Martyrology (bpNichol) 323
The Martyrs (Chateaubriand) 87
Mary 309
Mary Stuart (Schiller) 391
Masaoka Shiki 285–286
Mask and Trefoil (Storni) 415
The Masked Dinner (Poor Bitos) (Anouilh)
22
Masks (Brathwaite) 58
Masks (Enchi) 134
The Master and Margarita (Bulgakov) 69
The Master of Hestviken (Undset) 436
The Master of Petersburg (Coetzee) 97–98
The Masters and the Slaves: A Study in the
Development of Brazilian Civilization
(Freyre) 153
Matigari (Ngugi) 322
Mating Birds (Nkosi) 326
Maupassant, Guy de 145, 286–287, 315
Mawaquif (journal) 8
Mayakovsky, Vladimir 287–288
Mayotte Capécia ou l’Alienation selon
Fanon 76
Mazumdar, Anita. See Desai, Anita
Mbari Poetry Prize 327
McLeod, Pauline 3
“Meanings” (Walcott) 447
Meatless Days (Suleri) 417
Medal of Brothers Green 144
Medalla d’Oro de las Bellas Artes (Spain)
29
Médeitations Poétiques (Lamartine) 253
Meditations on Quixote (Ortega y Gasset)
336
Meeks, Brian 288–289
Mehta, Gita 289
Melancolia (Melancholy) (Jimémez) 227
Memed, My Hawk (Kemal) 239
Memmi, Albert 289–290
Memoir on Ancient and Modern Russia
(Karamzin) 235
Memoirs from Beyond the Tomb
(Chateaubriand) 87
Memoirs from the Women’s Prison (Sadawi)
380
Memoirs of a Dutiful Daughter (Beauvoir)
42
Memoirs of an Egoist (Stendahl) 414
Memoirs of a Time of Immaturity
(Gombrowicz) 172
Memoirs of a Woman Doctor (Sadawi) 380
Memoirs of Hadrian (Yourcenar) 458
The Memorandum (Havel) 197
Memories of Agapito Goiba (Gonçalves
Dias) 219
Memory for Forgetfulness (Darwish) 111
Memory of Snow and Dust (Breytenbach)
64
Menchú, Rigoberta 290–291, 353
“Mending” (De Kok) 113–114
“Meng Ke” (Ding Ling) 119
Mensagem (Pessoa) 349
“The Men Who Made Australia” (Lawson)
259
Menzogna e Sortilegio (House of Liars)
(Morante) 302
The Messenger of Europe (Vestnik Evropy)
(journal) 235
“The Metamorphosis” (Kafka) 232–233
Metropolis (film) 138
Mexican literature 79, 154–155, 429–430
Michaux, Henri 291
Michelle’s Lipstick (Hayashi Kyo¯ko) 198
Mickiewicz, Adam 292–293
Midang. See So Cho¯ng-ju
Midaq Alley (Zuqaq al-Midaqq)
(Mahfouz) 273
Midaregami (Tangled Hair) (Yosano) 458
“The Middle Ages” (Mishima) 295
The Middle Passage: Impression of Five
Societies—British, French, and Dutch—
in the West Indies (Naipaul) 312
Midnight’s Children (Rushdie) 377–378
Midsummer (Walcott) 447
Midsummer Cut (Mittsommerschnitt)
(Grünzweig) 183
Miguel Street (Naipaul) 311
Miles Franklin Award 31, 77, 239
The Military Necessity (Servitude et
grandeur militaires) (Vigny) 443
Milosz, Czeslaw 293–294
The Mimic Men (Naipaul) 312
Mine Boy (Abrahams) 5, 250
Miramar (Mahfouz) 273
Mirgorod (Gogol) 171
Miron, Gaston 294
“The Mirror” (Machado de Assis) 267
The Mischief (La Soif) (Djebar) 121
Miserable Miracle (Michaux) 291
Les Misérables (Hugo) 213, 375
Mishima Yukio 294–295
Miss Julie (Strindberg) 416
Miss Lou. See Bennett, Louise
“Miss Sophie’s Diary” (Ding Ling) 119
“Missy,” 99
Mist (Unamuno y Jugo) 435
Mistral, Gabriela 296
Mistry, Rohinton 296–297
“Mithaiwalla” (“The Vendor of Sweets”)
(Narayan) 313
Mitte des Lebens (Nina) (Rinser) 372
Mittsommerschnitt (Midsummer Cut)
(Grünzweig) 183
A Mixture of Frailties (Davies) 112
Mlada Bosnia 21
Mme. Gervaisais (Goncourt and
Goncourt) 175
Moderator Cantabile (M. Duras) 127
Modern Cairo (Al-Qahirah al-jadidah)
(Mahfouz) 272–273
modernism 298–300
of Adonis 7
Baudelaire and 42
Büchner and 68
Chekhov in 90
Chinese 158, 299–300
Costumbrismo and 104
Darío in 110–111
in Gao 158
in Generation of 1898 163
Japanese 314
in Kafka 233
Latin American 110–111, 298–299
in Lu 265
Machado y Ruiz, Manuel, in 269
Mallarmé and 276
in Natsume 314
postmodernism and 354–355
in Quental 363
Spanish 269
symbolism and 418–419
Modern Odes (Quental) 363
Mofolo-Plomer Award 317
Moi, Tituba, sorcière de Salem (I, Tituba,
Black Witch of Salem) (Condé) 101
Index 499
Molloy (Beckett) 45
Mona Lisa, Apollinaire and 23
Monna Vanna (Maeterlinck) 270
Monology (Monologues) (Kundera) 244
Montaigne prize 55
Montale, Eugenio 301
Montana New Zealand Book Awards 105
Montauk (Frisch) 154
A Month in the Country (Turgenev) 433
Moomba Festival prizes 31
Moonbone 3
Moräne (Burkart) 71
Morante, Elsa 301–302
Moravia, Alberto 302–303
More Pricks Than Kicks (Beckett) 45
More Stories from My Father’s Court
(Singer) 403
More Than Enough (Sargeson) 386
Morgan, Sally 4
Mori ‘gai 303
“Morning” (Mayakovsky) 287
Morning Face (Anand) 19
Morning Yet on Creation Day (Achebe) 7
Morrison, Toni 271
La Mort amoreuse (Clarimonde) (Gautier)
162–163
Moscoe 2042 (Voinovich) 445
Moscow on Fire (Mayakovsky) 288
Moscow Journal 234
Moscow of the Taverns (Yesenin) 457
Mother (Ding Ling) 119
Mother Courage and Her Children (Brecht)
59–60
Mother Earth (Dag˘larca) 108
Mother Poem (Brathwaite) 58
“Motherland” (Tsvetaeva) 432
Mother’s Love and Filial Devotion
(Arghezi) 27
The Motive Force (Ts’ao) 406
Motivos de son (N. Guillén) 184
Les Mots (The Words) (Sartre) 389
Les Mouches (The Flies) (Sartre) 389
“The Mountain Peach Blossoms” (Pak)
339
“Mourning” (Mistral) 296
Mourning for the Dead (Radunitsa)
(Yesenin) 456
Mouroir: Mirror Notes to a Novel
(Breytenbach) 63
Le Mouvement perpetual (Perpetual
Movement) (Aragon) 25
Movie Star (Torres Bodet) 430
The Moving Image (Wright) 451
Mo Yan 297, 406
Mr. Head (Valéry) 438
Mr. Johnson (Cary) 5
Mroz
•
ek, Slawomir 303–304, 405
Mr. Stone and the Knight’s Companion
(Naipaul) 311
La mulâtresse Solitude (A Woman Named
Solitude) (Schwarz-Bart) 392
Mulheres Best Foreign Novel Award
(Portugal) 16
Müller, Heiner 304–305
Müller, Poul 350
Munonye, John 305
Munro, Alice 305–306
Le Mûr (Intimacy) (Sartre) 388
Murakami Haruki 306
Murder, the Women’s Hope (Kokoschka) 244
Murguía, Manuel 80
Murphy (Beckett) 45
“The Muse of History” (Walcott) 447
Music Lessons (Akhmadulina) 10
“The Music of the Violin” (Ndebele) 317
Musil, Robert von Elder 307
Muslim literature 220, 381–382
Musset, Alfred de 308
Mutmassungen über Jakob (Speculations
about Jacob) (U. Johnson) 229
“My Autobiography” (Chughtai) 92
My Childhood (Gorky) 178–179
My Discovery of America (Mayakovsky)
287
My Life (Kokoschka) 244
My Mother’s House (La Maison de
Claudine) (Colette) 99
My Past and Thoughts (Herzen) 202
“My People” (Lasker-Schüler) 257–258
My Place (Morgan) 4
My Properties (Michaux) 291
My Reminiscences (Tagore) 421
My Sister, Life (Pasternak) 341
Mysterier (Mysteries) (Hamsun) 190
Mysteries of Selflessness (Rumuz-i-Bekhudi)
(Iqba¯l) 221
The Mystic Masseur (Naipaul) 311
Mythistorema (Seferis) 94, 393
The Myth of Sysiphus (Camus) 74
Mythologies (Bonnefoy, ed.) 55
My Travels Around the World (Sadawi) 380
My Universities (Gorky) 179
N
Nabokov, Vladimir 309–310
Nadja (Breton) 62
Naidu, Sarojini 310–311
Naipaul, V(idiadhar) S(urajprasad) 117,
311–312, 353, 354
La Naissance du jour (A Lesson in Love)
(Colette) 99
A Naked Needle (Farrah) 142
The Name of the Rose (Eco) 129
Nameplates, Etc. (Hyo¯satsu nado)
(Ishigaki) 223
Naoki Prize 455
Naomi (Tanizaki) 424
Naqsh-e Faryadi (Image of complaint)
(Faiz) 140
Narayan, R(asipuram) K(rishnaswamy)
312–314
Narcissus and Goldmund (Hesse) 203
“Narir Mulya” (Chatterji) 88
Der Narr in Christo, Emanuel Quint (The
Fool in Christ, Emanuel Quint)
(Hauptmann) 196
“Narrow are the Vessels” (“Etroits sont lea
vaisseaux”) (Perse) 348
Nathan, Robert Louis 3
National Academy of Letters Award
(India) 19, 115
National Artist in Literature,
Dhammachoti as 117
National Book Journalist of the Year award
(South Africa) 65
National Episodes (Pérez Galdós) 347
The National Isolation of Humor (Yu¯moa
no Sakoku) (Ishigaki) 223
National Literature Award 430
National Poet of Romania, Arghezi as 27
National Prize (East Germany) 280
National Prize (Germany) 59, 211
National Prize for Literature (Spain) 13
Natives of My Person (Lamming) 254
Natsume Kinnosuke. See Natsume
So¯seki
Natsume So¯seki 12–13, 314
naturalism 314–316
Barbey and 39
in Goncourt brothers 175
Huysmans in 213
in Maupassant 286
Pardo Bazán and 340
symbolism and 418
Zola in 462–463
Naubert, Benedikte 316
“Nausea” (Neto) 320
La Nausée (Sartre) 388
Ndebele, Njabulo 316–317
Near to the Wild Heart (Lispector) 263
Necker, Anna Louise Germaine. See Staël,
Germaine de
Nedjma (Yacine) 454
“Nedjma ou le poème ou le couteau”
(Yacine) 454
La Négresse blanche (The White Negress)
(Capécia) 76
Négritude 317–318
Césaire in 84
Créolite and 85
Dépestre and 114
Diop, Birago, in 120
Diop, David, and 120
postcolonialism of 353
Senghor in 396
Neighbours in a Thicket (Malouf) 277
Neo-Perceptionists (Shinkankakuha)
movement 238
Neruda, Pablo 299, 318–319
Nerval, Gérard de 319–320
A Nest of Gentlefolk (Turgenev) 433
Neto, António Agostinho 320
500 Encyclopedia of World Writers, 19th and 20th Centuries
Der neue Riech (The Kingdom Come)
(George) 165
Neue Volksmarchen der Deutschen
(Naubert) 316
Die Neunte Stunde (The Ninth Hour)
(Huchel) 211
Neustadt Prize for Contributions to World
Literature 121, 142
Never Again (Nwapa) 329
Never Enough (Sargeson) 386
A New Dominion (Jhabvala) 226
The New Hispanic-American Novel (La
Nueva Novela Hispanoamericana)
(Fuentes) 154–155
New Leaves (Castro) 80
New Life (Ba Jin) 34
The New Novel 127, 321, 331, 372,
386–387, 402
“New South-African Literature or the
Rediscovery of the Ordinary” (Ndebele)
316
New Tides (Shinshicho¯) (Akutagawa) 12
New Wave, Russian 10
“New Wave” films 363
A New Year’s Fairy Tale (Dudintsev)
125–126
New York Theater Critics’ Prize 128
New Youth (journal) 299
New Zealand Book Award for Poetry 105
New Zealand literature 105, 150–151,
282–283, 386
Ngugi Wa Thiong’o 321–322, 353
Nguyen Du 322
Nichol, b(arrie) p(hilip) 323
Nietzsche, Friedrich 137, 298, 323–325
Nigerian literature
Achebe in 5–7
Munonye in 305
Nwapa in 328–329
Okara in 333
Soyinka in 409–410
“Night” (Mayakovsky) 287
Night (Wiesel) 450
The Night and the Dream (Gunnarsson)
187
Night Flight (Vol de Nuit) (Saint-Exupéry)
381
“The Nightingale” (Anderson) 20
The Night Keeps Winking (Serote) 397
Nina (Mitte des Lebens) (Rinser) 372
The Nine Guardsmen (Castellanos) 79
Nine Indian Women Poets (Souza) 409
“1940” (Brecht) 61
Ninja’s Carnival (Espinet) 135
Nip the Buds, Shoot the Kids (‘e) 331
Nirmala (Premchand) 356
Nkosi, Lewis 325–326
Nobel Peace Prize 291, 450
Nobel Prize in literature
for Agnon 9
for Andric 21
for Beckett 46
for Bunin 70
for Camus 75
for Canetti 75
for Cela 82
for Elytis 132
for Fo 149
for Gao 159
for García Márquez 162
for Gide 167
for Gordimer 177
for Grass 181
for Hamsun 190
for Hauptmann 196–197
for Hesse 203
for Jiménez 227
for Kawabata 238
for Lagerkvist 251
for Lagerlöf 251
for Maeterlinck 270
for Mahfouz 272
for Mann, Thomas 281
for Milosz 293
for Mistral 296
for Montale 301
for Naipaul 312
for Neruda 319
for ‘e 332
for Pasternak 341–342
for Paz 345
for Perse 348
for Pirandello 350
for Sachs 379
for Saramago 385
for Seferis 394
for Seifert 394
for Sholokhov 400
for Sienkiewicz 401
for Simon 402
for Singer 403
for Solzhenitsyn 408
for Soyinka 410
for Szymborksa 420
for Tagore 422
for Undset 436
for Walcott 447
for White 448
Nobre, António 326
Noces (Nuptials) (Camus) 74
No Exit (Huis-clos) (Sarte) 389
No Longer at Ease (Achebe) 6
Noma Award for Publishing 35, 317, 397
No One Writes to the Colonel (García
Márquez) 161
Noonuccal, Oodgeroo 4, 326–327
Northern Archives (Archives du Nord)
(Yourcenar) 459
The Northern Journey and Other Poems
(Feng Zhi) 144
Nortje, Arthur 327
Norwegian Award for Poetry 275
Norwegian literature 52, 189–191,
216–217
Norwegian Society for Theater, Music, and
Language 52–53
“The Nose” (Akutagawa) 13
No Sugar (Davis) 4
No Sweetness Here (Aidoo) 10
Notable Book Award of American Library
Association 57
Not By Bread Alone (Dudintsev) 125
Note and Couternotes (Ionesco) 220
Notebook for the Night (Arghezi) 26–27
Notebook of Green (Cahier de verdure)
(Jaccottet) 224
The Notebooks of André Walter (Gide) 167
The Notebooks of Malte Laurids Brigge
(Rilke) 370
No Telephone to Heaven (Cliff) 95–96
Notes from the Underground (Dostoyevsky)
124, 136
Notes of a Young Doctor (Bulgakov) 69
Not I (Beckett) 45
Notre-Dame de Paris (Hugo) 212, 375
No Trifling With Love(Musset) 308
La Nouba de femmes due Mont Chenoua
121
Novy Lef (journal) 287
Now and in Other Days (Amichai) 18
Nuclear Seasons (Espinet) 135
La Nueva Novela Hispanoamericana (The
New Hispanic-American Novel)
(Fuentes) 154–155
El nuevo teatro crítico (magazine) 340
La Nuit vénitienne (A Venetian Night)
(Musset) 308
Nuptials (Noces) (Camus) 74
“Nutcracker and the Mouse King”
(Hoffman) 206
Nwapa, Flora 328–329
O
O Babylon! (Walcott) 447
O
¯
ba Minako 330
Obasan (Kogawa) 243
objectivism, Cela and 82
objectivismo 331
Oblomov (Goncharov) 174
The Obscene Bird of Night (Donoso)
122–123
The Occasions (Montale) 301
Ochre (Storni) 415
Odale’s Choice (Brathwaite) 58
“Ode to Joy” (Schiller) 391
Ode to Liberty (Pushkin) 358
Odes to Soldiers on Patrol in a Sandstorm
(Tian) 425
Odyssey: A Modern Sequel (Kazantsakis)
94, 238
O
¯
e Kenzaburo¯ 331–332
Of Age and Innocence (Lamming) 254
Index 501
Offending the Audience
(Publikumsbeschimpfung) (Handke)
192
Of Love and Shadows (Allende) 16
Of the Movement and the Immobility of
Douve (Bonnefoy) 55
Ogot, Grace 332–333
The Oil Man of Obange (Munonye) 305
Oiseau bleu (The Blue Bird) (Maeterlinck)
270
Okara, Gabriel 333–334
Okhela (Breytenbach) 63
Okike (journal) 6
Old Age (Beauvoir) 43
“The Old Man’s Conscience” (“Samnuk
Khong Pho Thao”) (Dhammachoti)
117
“Old Shloyme” (Babel) 35
Old Snow (Bei Dao) 47
“The Old White Witch” (Ogot) 333
Olivier (C. Duras) 126
Ombre Sultane (A Sister to Scheherazade)
(Djebar) 121
Omeros (Walcott) 447
Once Is Enough (Sargeson) 386
Ondaatje, Michael 334–335, 354
One Day in the Life of Iva Denisovich
(Solzhenitsyn) 408
One Fine Day (Hwang Tonggyu) 215
One Hundred and Twenty Days of Sodom
(film) 341
One Hundred Years of Solitude (García
Márquez) 161–162, 271
One Is Not a Woman Born (Wittig) 450
Onetti, Juan Carlos 335
On Germany (De l’Allemange) (Staël) 375,
412
On Literature (De la littérature) (Staël)
411–412
On Love (Stendahl) 414
Only a Fiddler (Andersen) 20
The Only Just War (Levisite oder der einzig
gerechte Krieg) (Becher) 44
The Only Son (Munonye) 305
Only This Light (Fraire) 150
On My Way: Poetry and Essays, 1912-1947
(Arps) 28
On Overgrown Paths (På Gjengrodde Stier)
(Hamsun) 190
On Painting (Alberti) 13
On Relation Between Man’s Animal and
Spiritual Nature (Schiller) 391
On Religion (De la Religion) (Constant de
Rebecque) 102
On Sepulchres (Foscolo) 150
“On Socialist Realism” (Gorky) 405
On the Aesthetic Education of Man
(Schiller) 391–392
On the Contrary (Brink) 65
“On the Death of the Poet” (Lermontov)
261
On the Eve (Turgenev) 433
On the Field of Glory (Sienkiewicz) 401
On the Influence of the Passions (De
l’influence des passions) (Staël) 411
On the Naïve and Sentimental in Literature
(Schiller) 392
On the Shores of the Saar (Castro) 80
On the Sign at the End of the Road (Abe) 2
On the Spirit of Conquest and Usurpation
(De l’esprit de conquête et de l’usurpation)
(Constnat de Rebecque) 102
“On the Yangtze River” (Tian) 425
The Open Sore of a Continent (Soyinka)
410
Operetta (Gombrowicz) 173
Opium (Cocteau) 96
L’opopomax (Wittig) 450
The Orchid House (Allfrey) 17
Order for Cultural Merit 399
Order of Australia 239
Order of Culture 134
Order of the Federal Republic 7
Order of Lenin 337
“An Ordinary Day” (Pak) 339
An Ordinary Story (Goncharov) 174
Les Orientales (Hugo) 212
Orientalism (Said) 352
Oriental Tales (Yourcenar) 458
Orientations (Elytis) 132
Orion and Other Poems (Roberts) 373
Ornifle (Anouilh) 22
Orphée (Orpheus) (Cocteau) 97
“Orphée noir” (“Black Orpheus”) (Sartre)
318
Orpheus and Eurydice (Kokoschka) 244
orphism 23
Ortega y Gasset José 336
Ortlich Betaubt (Local Anesthetic) (Grass)
180
Oscar and Lucinda (Carey) 76
Osceola. See Dinesen, Isak
Os Maias (Queirós) 362
Ostrovsky, Nikolai 357, 366
L’otage (The Hostage) (Claudel) 95
Other Exiles (Brathwaite) 58
The Other Guest (Der Andrere Gast)
(Höllerer) 209
Otherland (Inoyiya) (Yesenin) 456
The Other Shore (Gao) 158
O
¯
tsu Junkichi (Shiga) 399
Ourika (C. Duras) 126
Our Lady of the Flowers (Genet) 164
Our Man K (Hasluck) 195
“Our Mistress’ Parlor” (Bing Xin) 52
Our Sister Killjoy (Aidoo) 10
Our Vietnam War (Dag˘larca) 108
The Outcry (Lu) 265
An Outline of the History of Chinese
Philosophy (Hu) 210
Out of Africa (Den africanske farm)
(Dinesen) 118
Out of Chaos (Ehrenburg) 130
Out of India (Jhabvala) 227
“The Overcoat” (Gogol) 171
The Overcrowded Barracoon (Naipaul)
311
Over the Barriers (Pasternak) 341
Oweiss Prize for Cultural Productivity
232
Owls Do Cry (Frame) 151
The Owners of the Keys (Kundera) 244
Oz, Amos 357
P
Pa Chin. See Ba Jin
På Gjengrodde Stier (On Overgrown Paths)
(Hamsun) 190
Pacific Fantasy (Arrabal) 29
Padma Bhushan award 313
Padma Shri award 1, 115, 118
Pagis, Dan 338
Le Pain dur (Crusts) (Claudel) 95
O Pais do Carnival (Land of Carnival)
(Amado) 17
Pakistani literature, Faiz Ahmed Faiz in
140
Pak Mogwol 339
Palace of Desire (Qasr al-Shawq)
(Mahfouz) 272
Palace of the Peacock (Harris) 193
Palace Walk (Al-Thulathiyya: Bayn al-
Qasrayn) (Mahfouz) 272
Palestinian literature 111–112, 188
Palli Samaj (Village Society) (Chatterji) 88
Palm and Oak I (Allfrey) 17
Palmer, Kingsley 3
Pamuk Orhan 339
Pan (Hamsun) 190
Panic Theater 28
Pan Michael (Sienkiewicz) 400
Panorama Literio Award (Chile) 16
Pan Tadeusz (Mickiewicz) 292
Parade (Cocteau) 96
Les Paradis artificiels (Artificial Paradises)
(Baudelaire) 42
Pardesi (film) 1
Pardo Bazán, Emilia de 339–340
The Paris Peasant (Le Payson de Paris)
(Aragon) 25
Park Yong-jong. See Pak Mogwol
Le Parti pris des choses (Ponge) 351
“Party” (Kurahashi) 247
A Party for Boris (Ein Fest Für Boris)
(Bernhard) 50
Pascal, Blaise 137
Pascual López (Pardo Bazán) 340
Pasolini, Pier Paolo 340–341
Passion and Form (Alberti) 13
Passion for the Fatherland (Premchand)
356
The Passion of G.H. (Lispector) 264
502 Encyclopedia of World Writers, 19th and 20th Centuries
Pasternak, Boris 341–342
Pastoral Songs (Tian) 425
The Path to the Nest of Spiders (Calvino)
73
Pather Dabi (The Right Way) (Chatterji)
88
Paton, Alan 342
“Patriotism” (Mishima) 295
Paula (Allende) 16
Paula (magazine) 15
Pavese, Cesare 343
Pavlova, Karolina Karlovna 343–344
Les Paysans (The Peasants) (Balzac) 38
Le Paysan de Paris (The Paris Peasant)
(Aragon) 25
Paz, Octavio 150, 299, 344–345
p’Bitek, Okot 345
The Peasants (Les Paysans) (Balzac) 38
Le Peau de chagrin (The Wild Ass’s Skin)
(Balzac) 37
“A Peculiar Occupation” (‘e) 331
The Peddler (Der Hausierer) (Handke)
192
Pederson, Knut. See Hamsun, Knut
Peer Gynt (Ibsen) 216–217
Pélagie-la-Charette (Maillet) 274
Pelléas et Mélisande (Maeterlinck) 270
“The Penal Colony” (Kafka) 233
Pen Club Awards 434
Le Pendu de Saint Pholier (Simenon) 401
The Penguin Book of New Zealand Verse
(Curnow, ed.) 105
Pensées (Pascal) 137
La Pentacoste (Manzoni) 283–284
Perburuan (Toer) 427
Percikan Revolusi (Toer) 427
Perec, Georges 346
Le Père Goriot (Father Goriot) (Balzac) 38
Le Père humilié (The Humiliation of the
Father) (Claudel) 95
Peretz, Isaac Lieb 346–347
Pérez Galdós, Benito 347–348
A Perfect Place (Oz) 337
The Periodic Table (Levi) 262
Permettez! (Queneau) 362
Perpetual Movement (Le Mouvement
perpetual) (Aragon) 25
Perse, Saint-John 348
A Personal Matter (‘e) 332
Pessoa, Fernando 349
Petals of Blood (Ngugi) 322
Peter Camenzind (Hesse) 203
Petersburg (Bely) 48
Le Petit Prince (The Little Prince) (Saint-
Exupéry) 380–381
Les Petits poèmes en prose (Little Prose
Poems) (Baudelaire) 42
Petrarca Lyric Prize 66
Phantom Dwelling (Wright) 452
The Philosophy of Lao Zhang (Lao) 256
Phlubphla Mali Literary Award 117
Die Physiker (The Physicists) (Dürrenmatt)
128
The Picture of Dorian Gray (Wilde) 113
“A Picture with No Composition” (O
¯
ba)
330
La piedra cansada (The exhausted rock)
(Vallejo) 440
Pierre et Jean (Maupassant) 286
Pigments (Damas) 317
The Pillar of Fire (Gumilev) 185–186
The Pillar of Salt (La Statue de sel)
(Memmi) 290
Pincherle, Albert. See Moravia, Alberto
Ping Hsin. See Bing Xin
Pirandello, Luigi 349–350
“The Pirate’s Song” (Espronceda) 136
The Pit (El Pozo) (Onetti) 335
The Place at Whitton (Keneally) 239
The Plague (Camus) 74
The Plague Column (Seifert) 394
Le Planétarium (Sarraute) 387
Un Plat de porc aux bananes vertes (A Dish
of Pork with Green Bananas) (Schwarz-
Bart) 392
Plato, in classicism 94
Play (Beckett) 45
Play (Khel) (Dhasal) 118
Pleasures and Regrets (Proust) 356
The Pleasures of Exile (Lamming) 254
Die Plebejer Proben den Aufstand (The
Plebeians Rehearse the Uprising) (Grass)
180
The Ploughman (White) 448
Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle (The
Bridge of Beyond) (Schwarz-Bart) 392
Plume (Michaux) 291
“Po, The Great” (Kauraka) 237
“Poem” (“Gedicht”) (Köhler) 243
Poemat O Czasie (Poem in Frozen Time)
(Milosz) 293
Poèmes antiques et modernes (Vigny) 443
Poèmes pour la paix (Éluard) 131
Poèmes saturniens (Verlaine) 443
Poem in Frozen Time (Poemat O Czasie)
(Milosz) 293
Poems (Akhmadulina) 10
Poems (Malouf) 277
Poems (Mansfield) 283
Poems (Trakl) 430
Poems (Walcott) 446
Poems (Dikter) (Södergran) 407
Poems (Gedichte) (Huchel) 211
Poems (Gedichte) (Kaschnitz) 236
Poems (Tristiya) (Mandelstam) 279
Poems About a Soviet Passport
(Mayakovsky) 287
Poems by Jaime Torres Bodet (Torres
Bodet) 430
Poems Dedicated to Fighters (Tian) 425
Poems from the Bamboo Village (Masaoka)
286
Poems in the Lap of Death (Fraire) 150
Poems of America (Mayakovsky) 287
Poems to the Czechs (Tsvetaeva) 432
Poesia (Marinetti) 284
Poésie et vérité (Éluard) 131
The Poet Assassinated (Apollinaire) 24
poetic realism 234, 350–351
Poet in New York (García Lorca) 159
Poétique (journal) 93
Poet of the Year (Ghana) 22
Poetries (Gautier) 162
Poetry Is Not You (Castellanos) 79
Pointe-aux-Coques (Maillet) 274
Poire-acre (Maillet) 274
The Police (Mroz
•
ek) 304
Polish literature
Gombrowicz in 172–173
Mickiewicz in 292–293
Milosz in 293
Mroz
•
ek in 303
Sienkiewicz in 400–401
Szymborksa in 420
Tuwim in 433–434
Political Principles (Principés de politique)
(Constant de Rebecque) 102
Poltava (Pushkin) 358
Polynesian literature, Kauraka Kauraka in
236–237
Pondo Women Cleaners (Malange) 275
Ponge, Francis 351
Poor Bitos, or The Masked Dinner
(Anouilh) 22
Poor Folk (Dostoyevsky) 123
“Poor Liza” (Karamzin) 235
Poot, Linke. See Döblin, Alfred
Popa, Vasko 351–352
Poppy and Memories (Celan) 82
Pornografia (Gombrowicz) 173
Portrait d’un homme inconnu (Portrait of
an Unknown Man ) (Sarraute) 321, 387
Portrait in Sepia (Allende) 16
Portuguese literature
Queirós in 361–362
Quental in 363
Saramago in 384–385
Poslední Máj (The Last May) (Kundera)
244
The Possessed (Dostoyevsky) 124
postcolonialism 352–354
in Farah 142
in Mistry 297
in Sembène 395
in Soyinka 409
postmodernism 354–355
of Bachmann 37
of Breytenbach 64
Chinese 300
in Frame 151
of Handke 192–193
“A Pot of Rice” (Lim) 263
Le Potomak (Cocteau) 96
Index 503
The Pots, Pans and Burning Fire Before Me
(Watashi no Mae ni Aru Nabe to Okama
to Moeru Hi to) (Ishigaki) 222
El Pozo (The Pit) (Onetti) 335
Practicalities (M. Duras) 127–128
The Precipice (Goncharov) 174
A Precocious Autobiography (Yevtushenko)
457
“Preface” (Han) 191
Premchand, Munshi 19, 355–356
La Première Aventure céleste de Monsieur
Antipyrine (The First Heavenly Adventure
of Mr. Antipyrine) (Tzara) 434
Premio Mondello Five Continents Award
(Italy) 186
Premio Riccione award (Italy) 73
Present Past, Past Present (Ionesco) 220
Primeiros cantos (First Cantos) (Gonçalves
Dias) 174, 219
The Prime of Life (Beauvoir) 42
Primo Vere (First Spring) (D’Annunzio)
109
The Princess of Spadina: A Tale of Toronto
(Espinet) 135
La Princesse Maleine (Maeterlinck) 270
Principes de politique (Political Principles)
(Constant de Rebecque) 102
Pringle Award 317
Prison Diary (Gefängnis-Tagebuch)
(Rinser) 372
Prison narrative (Zindan Namah) (Faiz)
140
“The Prisoner of the Caucus” (Pushkin)
358
Private View (Havel) 197
Prix de la Découverte Européenne 339
Prix du Centre National du Livre (France)
29
Prix Goncourt (France)
about 175
for Chamoiseau 85
for Duras, Marguerite 127
for Maillet 274
for Malraux 278
Prix Maurice Maeterlinck 121
Prix Medici 346
Prix Renaudot 346
Prize for the Arts by the Center for
International Exchanges 144
Professor Unrat (The Blue Angel) (H.
Mann) 280
The Promised Land (Ogot) 332
I prommessi sposi (The Betrothed)
(Manzoni) 283–284
Proserpina (Langgässer) 256
Prost (Bernhard) 50
Protest (Havel) 197
Proust, Marcel 356–357
A Provincial Lady (Turgenev) 433
The Psychopathology of Everyday Life
(Freud) 152
Publikumsbeschimpfung (Offending the
Audience) (Handke) 192
El Pueblo (journal) 54
Puerto Rican literature, Ferré in 144–145
Pugachev (Yesenin) 456
Pulitzer Prize 57
“The Pursuit” (Carpentier) 79
Pushkin, Aleksandr 350, 357–358
Pushkin Prize 89
Q
Qabbani. See Kabbani, Nizar
Qadaya al-shi’r al-mu’asir (Issues in
Contemporary Arabic Poetry) (Mala’ika)
275
Al-Qahirah al-jadidah (Modern Cairo)
(Mahfouz) 272–273
Qasr al-Shawq (Palace of Desire)
(Mahfouz) 272
Quasimodo, Salvatore 360–361
Québecois literature 200, 294
“Queen Mab’s Veil” (Darío) 111
The Queen of Spades (Pushkin) 359
Queen’s gold medal for poetry 452
Queirós, José Maria de 361–362
Queiróz, Raquel de 362
“Que m’accompagnent kôras et
balaphong” (“To the Music of koras and
balaphon”) (Senghor) 396
Queneau, Raymond 362–363
Quental, Antero Tarquíno de 362–363
Qu’est-ce la Littérature? (What Is
Literature?) (Sartre) 389
Question of Power (Head) 200
The Quilt (Chughtai) 92
Quo Vadis (Sienkiewicz) 401
R
Rabéarivelo, Jean-Joseph 364–365
Rabinowitz, Sholem. See Aleichem,
Shalom
Racial Formations/Critical Transformations
(San Juan) 383
Racine (Giraudoux) 169
Racine and Shakespeare (Stendahl) 414
Radical Caribbean: From Black Power to
Abu Bakr (Meeks) 288
The Radical Imagination (Harris) 194
Radunitsa (Mourning for the Dead)
(Yesenin) 456
The Ragazzi (Pasolini) 341
La Rage de l’expression (Ponge) 351
“The Railway and the Churchyard”
(Bjørson) 53
The Rain Ascends (Kogawa) 243
The Rainbow (Der Regenbogen)
(Ausländer) 32
“The Rainbow and the Floating Bridge” (‘)
330
“Rain Falling Thick and Fast in the Spring
Night” (Mo) 297
Raj: A Novel (Mehta) 289
Rajmohan’s Wife (Cattopadhyay) 80
Rama, Ángel 144
The Ramayana (Narayan) 313
Ramayana—The Celestial Tree
(Satyanarayana) 389–390
Rao Srinivasa, Srirangam. See Sri Sri
“Rapunzel” (Grimm and Grimm) 182
Rasho¯mon (Akutagawa) 12
Die Rättin (The Rat) (Grass) 180
Ravikovitch, Dahlia 365
Ray Bahadur (title) 81
Reaching Tin River (Astley) 31
The Read Life of Sebastian Knight
(Nabokov) 309
Reading and Writing: a Personal Account
(Naipaul) 312
realism 365–367
Balzac and 37
in Dostoyevsky 125
expressionism and 138
Gogol in 171
in Goncharov 174
in Hauptmann 196
in Ibsen 217
in Ishigaki 222
naturalism and 315
in Noonuccal 327
in Pak 339
in Pérez Galdós 347
poetic, in Kanik 234
romanticism and 374
Russian 171, 174
symbolism and 418
verismo and 442
realism, socialist. See socialist realism
The Rebel (L’Homme Révolté) (Camus) 75
Red Cavalry (Babel) 36
Red Dawn (Rouge l’aube) (Djebar) 121
“The Red Front” (Aragon) 25
The Red Room (Strindberg) 416
Red Sorghum (Mo) 297
Reef (Gunesekara) 186
Reflections (Soyinka) 410
Der Regenbogen (The Rainbow)
(Ausländer) 32
A Regicide (Robbe-Grillet) 372
La Règle du jeu (Rules of the Game)
(Leiris) 260
The Rehearsal (Anouilh) 22
Reis, Ricardo. See Pessoa, Fernando
The Remains of the Day (film) 226
Remarque, Erich Maria 367–368
Remembering Babylon (Malouf) 277
Remembrance of Things Past (Proust) 48,
356–357
René (Chateaubriand) 87, 375
Renée Mauperin (Goncourt and
Goncourt) 175, 315
504 Encyclopedia of World Writers, 19th and 20th Centuries
La Reprise (Robbe-Grillet) 373
Republic of Korea Literary Award 214, 339
The Republic of Wine (Mo) 297
Requiem (Akhmatova) 12
Requiem (Jaccottet) 224
“Requiem for a Dog and an Adult”
(Tsushima) 431
The Rescued Tongue (Die Gerettete Zunge)
(Canetti) 75
Residence on Earth (Neruda) 319
The Restlessness of the Rose Bush (Storni)
415
Resurrection (Tolstoy) 429
Return from the Dreamy Fountain (Al-
Jayyusi) 226
The Return of Eva Peron with The Killings
in Trinidad (Naipaul) 311
“Return to Havaiki” (Kauraka) 237
Return to My Native Land (Cahier dún
retour au pays natal) (Césaire) 84
The Reverends (Mroz
•
ek) 304
The Revolt of The Masses (Ortega y Gasset)
336
Révolution Surréaliste (Carpentier) 78
Reyes, Neftali Ricardo. See Neruda, Pablo
The Rhetoric of English India (Suleri) 417
Rhinoceros (Ionesco) 220
Rhymes (Rimas) (Bécquer) 46
Rhys, Jean 368–369
The Rhythm of Violence (Nkosi) 325
Richardson, Elaine Potter. See Kincaid,
Jamaica
Richter, Hans Werner, in Gruppe 47 183
Rickshaw Boy (Lo-t’o Hsiang-tzu) (Lao)
256
Riders in the Chariot (White) 448
The Rights of Desire (Brink) 65
Rights of Passage (Brathwaite) 58
The Right Way (Pather Dabi) (Chatterji)
88
The Rigoberta Menchú Controversy (Arias)
291
Rigoberta Menchú and the Story of All Poor
Guatemalans (Stoll) 291
Rilke, Rainer Maria 369–370
Rimas (Rhymes) (Bécquer) 46
Rimbaud, Arthur 370–371
in decadence movement 113
in fin de siècle 145
symbolism in 418
Verlaine and 443
Der Ring des Nibelungen (Wagner),
Claudel and 95
Ring Round the Moon (Anouilh) 22
Rings of Glass (Die gläsernen Runge)
(Rinser) 371–372
Rinser, Luise 371–372
“Risen from the Ruins” (“Auferstanden aus
Ruinen”) (Becher) 44
The Rise of the Filipino Working Class and
Other Essays (San Juan) 383
“Ritual of Death” (Hayashi Kyo¯ko) 198
The River Between (Ngugi) 321
al-Riwaya al-mustahila (Samman) 382
The Road Ahead (Takamura) 423
Road Signs and Wall Writings (Wegschilder
und Mauerinschriften) (Kunert) 247
The Road to the City (Ginzburg) 168
“The Roaring Days” (Lawson) 259
Robbe-Grillet, Alain 321, 372–373
The Robber Bride (Atwood) 32
The Robbers (Schiller) 391
Robert Frost Memorial Award 452
Roberts, Charles 373
Le Roman expérimental (Zola) 314–315
Romanian literature, Argheze in 26
Romantic Art (l’Art romantique)
(Baudelaire) 42
romanticism 374–375
of Andersen, Hans Christian 20
Brazilian, Gonçalves Dias in 174
of Chateaubriand 87
futurism and 155
German (See German romanticism)
Hölderlin and 208
Hugo and 212
Japanese, Mishima in 294
Lamartine and 253
in Musset 308
naturalism and 315
in Nerval 319
poetic realism and 350
Russian, Hoffmann in 206
in Sand 383
scapigliatura and 390
Schiller in 391
Spanish 47, 104, 136
in Staël 412
in Stendahl 414
in Vigny 443
Romantic Poems (Gumilev) 185
Romanzero (Heine) 201
Rome, Naples, and Florence in 1817
(Stendahl) 414
Romulus der Große (Romulus the Great)
(Dürrenmatt) 128
Rönne novellas 49
A Room with a View (film) 226
Rosas, Oscar 376
Rose et Blanche (Sand) 383
Rosenaltaret (The Rose Alter) (Södergran)
407
Rosenstock, Samuel. See Tzara, Tristan
The Rotting Magician (L’enchanteur
pourrissant) (Apollinaire) 23
Le Rouge et le noir (The Red and the Black)
(Stendhal) 414
Rouge l’aube (Red Dawn) (Djebar) 121
“A Rough Study of Techniques in Modern
Fiction Writing” (Gao) 158
Rougon-Macquart Cycle (Zola) 441, 462
La route des Flandres (Simon) 402
Roy, Arundhati 354, 376
The Royal Way (Malraux) 278
Rudin (Turgenev) 433
Der Ruf (The Call) (journal) 183
The Ruined Map (Abe) 2
The Rules of the Game (Pirandello)
349–350
Rules of the Game (La Règle du jeu)
(Leiris) 260
Rumuz-i-Bekhudi (Mysteries of Selflessness)
(Iqba¯l) 221
Running in the Family (Ondaatje) 334
Rushdie, Salman 353–354, 377–378
Ruslan and Ludmilla (Pushkin) 358
Russian literature. See also Soviet Union
Akhmadulina in 10–11
Akhmatova in 11–12
Babel in 35–36
Bryusov in 67
Bulgakov in 68
Bunin in 69–70
Chekhov in 89–90
Chernyshevsky in 91–92
Dostoyevsky in 123–125
Goncharov in 174
Gorky in 178–179
Gumilev in 185
Herzen in 202
Karamzin in 234–235
Lermontov in 261
Mandelstam in 278–279
Mayakovsky in 287–288
Ostrovsky in 337
Pasternak in 341–342
Pushkin in 358–359
Shalamov in 399
Solzhenitsyn in 408
Tolstoy in 427–429
Tsvetaeva in 432
Turgenev in 433
Russian New Wave 10
Russian realism 171, 174, 366
Russian romanticism 206
Russian symbolism. See symbolism
The Russian Symbolists (Bryusov) 67
Rustic Chivalry (Cavalleria Rustica)
(Verga) 441
Ryakureki (An Abbreviated History)
(Ishigaki) 223
S
Sa’ada, Anton 8
Saadaw, Nawal El. See Sadawi, Nawal
“Sabás” (N. Guillén) 184
Sac au dos (Huymans) 213
Sachs, Nelly Leonie 379
Sad Arias (Arias tristes) (Jiménez) 227
Sadawi, Nawal 380
Sad Songs (Hwang Tonggyu) 215
Safe Conduct (Pasternak) 341
Index 505
Sahitya Akademi Award 166, 236, 313
Sa’id, Ali Ahmad. See Adonis
Said, Edward 352
The Sailor from Gibraltar (Le Marin de
Gibraltar) (M. Duras) 127
Saint-Exupéry, Antoine de 380–381
Saint-Genet, Comédien et Martyr (Saint
Genet, Actor and Martyr) (Sartre) 389
Saint-John Perse. See Perse, Saint-John
Une Saison à Rihata (A Season in Rihata)
(Condé) 101
Salammbô (Flaubert) 148
Saleh, Tayyib 381–382
Salman the Solitary (Kemal) 239
Salteron trilogy (Davies) 112
Salzburg Tales (Stead) 413
Samman, Ghada 382
“Samnuk Khong Pho Thao” (“The Old
Man’s Conscience”) (Dhammachoti)
117
San Camilo 1936 (Cela) 82
Sancho Saldaña o el castellano de Cuéllar
(Sancho Saladaña of the Spaniard of
Cuélar) (Espronceda) 135–136
Sand, George 308, 383–384
Sandglass (Gunesekara) 186
Sangre y arena (Blood and Sand) (Blasco)
54
San Juan, Epifanio 382–383
SANLAM First Prize 317
Saramango, José 384–385
Sardines (Farrah) 142
Sardonic Tales (Villiers) 444
Sargeson, Frank 385–386
Sarmiento, Félix Rubén García. See Darío,
Rubén
Sarraute, Nathalie 321, 386–387
Sartre, Jean-Paul 42, 137, 387–389
The Satanic Verses (Rushdie) 377
Satan in Goray (Singer) 403
The Satin Slipper (Claudel) 95
Satura (Montale) 301
Satyagraha in South Africa (Gandhi) 157
Satyanarayana, Visvanatha 389–390
Savacou (journal) 100
Savci’ya (To the Public Prosecutor)
(Dag˘larca) 108
The Saved Earth (Die gerettete Erde)
(Burkart) 70
Scandinavian literature 52, 189–191,
216–217, 251, 416
scapigliatura 390
The Scapigliature and February 6th
(Arrighi) 390
Scarlet Song (Bâ) 35
Scent of Eucalyptus (Quasimodo) 360
Schädelbasislektion: Gedichte (Basal Skull
Lesson: Poems) (Grünbein) 182
Scherzer, Rosalie. See Ausländer, Rose
Schiller, Friedrich von 171, 207, 374,
390–392
Schiller Prize 153
Schindler’s Ark (Keneally) 239–240
Die Schlafwandler (The Sleepwalker)
(Broch) 66
Schlonsky Prize 365
Schmitz, Ettore. See Svevo, Italo
School Days (Chemin d’école)
(Chamoiseau) 85–86
Schwarz-Bart, Simone 392
“schweigen” (“Silence”) (Gomringer) 173
The Screens (Genet) 164
“Scribblings in the Margins of the
Notebook of Defeat” (Kabbani) 231
Sea of Death (Amado) 17
Sea Grapes (Walcott) 447
The Seagull (Chekhov) 89, 90
Seamarks (Amers) (Perse) 348
Search Sweet Country (Laing) 252
A Season in Hell (Rimbaud) 145, 371
A Season in Paradise (Breytenbach) 63
A Season in Rihata (Une Saison à Rihata)
(Condé) 101
Season of Adventure (Lamming) 254
Season of Migration to the North (Saleh)
382
The Sea Wall (Un Barrage Contre le
Pacifique) (M. Duras) 127
Second Birth (Pasternak) 341
Second Class Citizen (Emecheta) 133
Second National Poetry Prize 415
The Second Sex (Beauvoir) 42–43, 143
Second Symphony (Bely) 48
The Secret: New Poems (Akhmadulina)
10
The Secret Ladder (Harris) 193
The Secret Life of Sa’eed, the Ill-Fated
Pessoptimist (Habibi) 188
The Secret of Heaven (Himlens Hemlighet)
(Hagerkvist) 250
Secret Rendezvous (Abe) 2
“The Secret Room” (Robbe-Grillet) 373
Secrets of the Self (Asrar-i-Khudi) (Iqba¯l)
221
Secular Love (Ondaatje) 334
Seferiadis, Giorgos. See Seferis, George
Seferis, George 94, 393–394
Ségou (Condé) 101
Seifert, Jaroslav 394
Seis poetas de lengua inglesa (Six Poets
Writing in English) 150
Selected Poems (Breton) 62
Selected Works (Akhmadulina) 10
Sembéne, Ousmane 395
Senghor, Léopold Sédar 396
Césaire and 84
Diop, Birago, and 120
Diop, David, and 120
in Négritude 317
postcolonialism of 353
El Señor Presidente (Asturias) 72
“Separate Ways” (Higuchi) 204
“Les Séparés” (“Apart”) (Desbordes-
Valmore) 115–116
Septemberlyran (September Lyric)
(Södergran) 407
Serbian literature, Popa in 351–352
Serote, Mongane Wally 397
Servitude et grandeur militaires (The
Military Necessity) (Vigny) 443
Sessiz Ev (The Silent House) (Pamuk)
339
Sestiger group 65
Seth, Vikram 397–398
Seven Dada Manifestos (Tzara) 434
Seven Days Darkness (Gunnarsson) 187
Seven Gothic Tales (Dinesen) 118
Seven Poor Men of Sydney (Stead) 413
“Seventeen” ‘e 331
The Seventh Day (Lasker-Schüler)
257–258
Sextet on the Six Days (Sudasiyat al-ayyam
al-sitta) (Habibi) 188
The Shadow (Pérez Galdós) 347
Shadow Lines (Ghosh) 166
Shadows (Collymore) 100
Shakespeare Wallah (film) 226
Shalamov, Varlam 398–399
Shame (Rushdie) 377–378
“Sharing a Husband” (Ho) 205
Shazaya wa ramad (Shards and Ashes)
(Mala’ika) 274–275
She Came to Stay (Beauvoir) 43
The She-Wolf (Verga) 442
Shifu, You’ll Do Anything for a Laugh (Mo)
297
Shiga, Naoya 399
Shiina Minako. See O
¯
ba Minako
Shinkankakuha (Neo-Perceptionists)
movement 238
Shinshicho¯ (New Tides) (Akutagawa) 12
Ships in the Sky (Gunnarsson) 187
Shi’r (journal) 8
Shiwei, Wang 406
The Shock of Modernity (Adonis) 8
Sholokhov, Mikhail 400
Short Stories (Calvino) 73
Shu Qingchun. See Lao She
A Shuttle in the Dark (Solyinka) 409
Siddhartha (Hesse) 203
Sido (Colette) 99
Sienkiewicz, Henryk 400–401
Sierrade Teruel (Malraux) 278
“Silence” (“schweigen”) (Gomringer) 173
The Silence of Love (Han) 191
The Silent Cry (‘e) 332
The Silent House (Sessiz Ev) (Pamuk) 339
Simenon, Georges 401
Simon, Claude 321, 402
“Sin and Death in French Poetry since
Baudelaire” (Ionesco) 219
Singer, Isaac Bashevis 402–403
Singing from the Well (Arenas) 26
506 Encyclopedia of World Writers, 19th and 20th Centuries
The Sin of Father Amaro (O crime do padre
Amaro) (Queiróa) 362
A Sister to Scheherazade (Ombre Sultane)
(Djebar) 121
Six Characters in Search of an Author
(Pirandello) 349–350
Sixtyers 65
“Sketch” (Pak) 339
A Sketch on a Trip to Europe (Tian) 426
S
ˇ
kvorecky´, Jozef 403–404
Sky, Wind, Stars and Poetry (Yun) 460
A Slap in the Face of Public Taste
(Mayakovsky) 287
The Sleepwalker (Die Schlafwandler)
(Broch) 66
Slon (The Elephant) (Mroz
•
ek) 304, 405
Slowa we Krwi (Words Bathed in Blood)
(Tuwim) 433–434
Slowing Life (Dag˘larca) 108
The Slow Natives (Astley) 31
“Slums of Our Earth” (Anyidoho) 22
Smoke (Turgenev) 433
The Smug Citizen (Gorky) 178
“The Snake” (So) 404
Snakes and Ladders: Glimpses of Modern
India (Mehta) 289
Snapshots (Robbe-Grillet) 373
Snow Dancer (Kawabata) 237
“The Snow Queen” (Anderson) 20
Snow That Falls on the Three Southern
Provinces (Hwang Tonggyu) 215
“Snow White” (Grimm and Grimm) 182
Só (Nobre) 326
so beginnen am körper die tage (so begins
the days along your body) (Falkner) 140
So Cho¯ng-ju 404
socialist realism 404–406
Akhmatova and 12
Aragon and 25
Breton and 62
in Gorky 178
Huchel and 211
Lu and 265
in Mayakovsky 288
in Ostrovsky 337
Society of Women Writers and Journalists’
contest 17
Södergran, Edith 407
Les Soeurs Vatard (The Vatard Sisters)
(Huymans) 213
La Soif (The Mischief) (Djebar) 121
Ein Soldat und ein Mädchen (A Soldier and
a Girl) (Fried) 153
Soledades (A. Machado y Ruiz) 268
Solibo Magnifique (Solibo Magnificent)
(Chamoiseau) 85
Soliloques (Yacine) 454
“The Solitary Life” (Leopardi) 260
So Long a Letter (Bâ) 35
Solovyov, Mikhail 419
Solovyov, Vladimir 407–408
Solzhenitsyn, Aleksandr 408
Some Prefer Nettles (Tanizaki) 424
“Some Tentative Suggestions for the
Reform of Chinese Literature” (Hu)
209, 299–300
Les Songes en Equilibre (Hébert) 200
Song of Algeria (Dag˘larca) 108
Song of Exile (Gonçalves Dias) 174
Song of Lawino (p’Bitek) 345
The Song of Ou-Yang Hai (Chin) 406
Song of the City (Abrahams) 5
Song of the Departed (Trakl) 430
“The Song of the Merchant Kalashnikov”
(Lermontov) 261
Song of Youth (Yang) 406
Sóngoro cosongo (N. Guillén) 184
Songs for Soldiers and Sounds for Tourists
(Cantos para soldados y sones para
turistas) (N. Guillén) 184
Songs of Life and Hope (Darío) 111
Songs of Mihyar the Damascene (Adonis)
8
Songs of shadow (Chants d’ombre)
(Senghor) 396
Songs Without Words (Verlaine) 443
Songs of Yesterday (Feng) 144
“Song Under Martial Law” (Hwang
Tonggyu) 215
“Sonnet of the Vowels” (Rimbaud) 371
Sonnets (Feng Zhi) 144
Sonnets (Pessoa) 349
Sonnets to Orpheus (Rilke) 370
Sorg-Acre (Sorrow Acre) (Dinesen) 118
Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz prize 79
The Sorrow of Young Werther (Goethe)
170
“Sortie” (Cixous) 93
The Sound of the Caravan Bell (Bang-i-
Dira) (Iqba¯l) 221
“Sound of One Hand Clapping”
(Flanagan) 147
Sound of the Mountain (Kawabata)
237–238
Soupault, Philippe 25, 107
Sœur Pholmène (Goncourt and Goncourt)
175
South African literature
Abrahams in 4–5
Breytenbach in 63
Brink in 64
Coetzee in 97–98
Cronin in 104–105
De Kok in 113–114
Gordimer in 176–177
Head in 199–200
Kunene in 246
La Guma in 249
Malange in 275
Ndebele in 316–317
Nkosi in 325–326
Nortje in 327
Paton in 342
Serote in 397
Wicomb in 449
South American literature. See Brazilian
literature; Latin-American literature
Southeast Asian Writer Award 117
Southern Mail (Saint-Exupéry) 381
South of the Border, West of the Sun
(Murakami) 306
“South Seas” (Pavese) 343
Souvenirs Pieux (Dear Departed)
(Yourcenar) 459
Souza, Eunice de 409
Soviet literature. See Russian literature;
socialist realism
Soviet Rus (Yesenin) 457
Soviet Union
Amalrik and 18
Bulgakov and 68–69
Dudintsev and 125
Ehrenburg and 130
Fadeyev and 139
Mayakovsky and 287–288
postcolonialism and 354
Shalamov and 399
Solzhenitsyn and 408
Voinovich and 444–445
Yevtushenko and 457
Zamyatin and 461
Soviet Writers’ Union 12, 125, 342, 408
Soyinka, Wole 353, 409–410
Spain, Take This Cup from Me (Vallejo)
440
Spanish literature
Alberti in 13
Arrabal in 28
Baroja y Nessi in 39
Bécquer in 46–47
Blasco in 53–54
Castro in 79–80
Cela in 82
Espronceda in 135–136
García Lorca in 159–160
Generation of 1898 in 163
Guillén, Jorge, in 184
Jiménez in 227
Machado y Ruiz, Antonio, in 268
Madariaga in 269
objectivismo in 331
Ortega y Gasset in 336
Pérez Galdós in 347–348
Unamuno y Jugo in 435–436
Spanish modernism 269
Spanish romanticism 47, 104, 136
Sparks (Étincelles) (Dépestre) 114
Speaking Alone (Tzara) 434
Speculations about Jacob (Mutmassungen
über Jakob) (U. Johnson) 229
“Spell” (Grünzweig) 183
Spirale (magazine) 173
Spivak, Gayatri 352
Index 507