Білецька Л.В., Білецький О.В., Савич В.І. Економічна теорія: політекономія, мікроекономіка, макроекономіка

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internal balance

—

 #

internal economies of scale

—

   #

internal-external balance model

—

% %-% 

internal financing

—

< 

internalization

—



International bank of reconstruction and development

—

/ #   

international commodity agreement

—

/  

international competitiveness

—

/ /%

international debt

—

/ #

International development association

—

/  

International finance corporation

—

/  

international Fisher effect

—

/  (

International labour organization

—

/  

international liquidity or international money

—

/ % # / 

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

—

/ ;& ( (;()

international monetary system

—

/ & 

international money

—

/ 

international reserves or exchange reserves

—

/ & 

International securities regulatory organization

—

/   &&   



631

International standards organization

—

/  

international trade

—

/ 

intertemporal substitution

—

/ D

intra-industry specialization

—

% 

intra-industry trade

—

% 

introduction

—



invention

—



inventory

—



inventory investment

—

  

investment

—



investment bank

—

 #

investment centre

—

 

investment incentives

—

  

Investment management requlatory organization

(IMRO)

—

 &  % (;-

#)

investment schedule

—

 

investment trust company

—

 

invisible balance

—

 #

invisible export and import

—

   

invisible hand

—

 

632

Invoice

—

-

involuntary saving

—

 D/

involuntary unemployment

—

 ##

irredeemable financial securities or undated security

—

#  

IS (investment-saving) schedule

—

 -D/

IS/LM model

—

% IS/LM

isocost line

—



isoquant curve

—



isoquant map

—

 

issued share capital

—

D  

issuing house

—

 

J-curve effect

—

 J-# 

Jevons, William Stanley

—

=/, A% $

job

—

#

jobber

—

/#

job enlargement

—

  

job enrichment

—

#  

633

job rotation

—

 

joint costs

—

 

joint demand

—

. complementary products

joint-stock company

—

 

joint supply

—

<& 

joint venture

—

% <

junk bond or mezzanine debt

—

«» #

just-in-time system

—

 «  »

:eynes, John Maynard

—

:, =/ 

keynesian economics

—

%  

kinked demand curve

—

  

know-how

—

-

Kondratief cycle or long-wave cycle

—

 :%< #   %

labour

—



labour force or working population

—

#  #  

634

Labour-intensive firm / industry

—

  / %

labour market

—

 

labour theory of value

—

  

labour turnover

—

% 

Laffer curve

—

 B

LAFTA

—

. Latin American free trade association

lagged relationship

—

’  

lagging indicator

—

& 

lateral integration

—

. horizontal integration

Latin American free trade association (LAFTA)

—

B%  % 

LAUTRO

—

. Life assurance and unit trust regulatory organization

law of diminishing marginal returns

—

. diminishing returns

leading indicator

—

/& 

leads and lags

—

/  

leakages

—

. withdrwals

learning curve

—

 , . experience curve

lease

—

  

leaseback

—

 

leasehold property

—

 %

leasing

—



635

least-cost supply

—

   

least-squares estimation

—

. regression analysis

legal tender

—

 / #

lekages

—



lender

—



lender of last resort

—

 % 

less developed country (LDS)

—

. developing country

level of significance

—

. hypothesis testing

leverage

—

. capital gearing

leveraged bid

—

. take-over bid

Lewis, sir W. Arthur

—

B%&,  A. >

liability

—

#’

LIBOR (London interbank offered rate)

—

B% /#%  

licence

—



licensed deposit taker

—

 

Life assurance and unit trust regulatory organization

(LAUTRO)

—

  &  /  

(B>A"+)

life-cycle hypothesis

—

 /< 

LIFFE (London international financial futures

exchange)

—

B% / #/  ’&, .

London derivatives exchange

636

limited liability (PLC)

—

#/ %%

limit pricing or entry-forestalling price

—

  # /& 

linear programming

—

 

liquid asset

—

 

liquidation

—



liquidity

—

%

liquidity preference

—

 

liquidity ratio

—

< 

liquidity trap

—

 

listed company

—

 

list price

—

 

L.M. (liquidity — money) shedule

—

 LM (%-)

loan

—



loan capital or debt capital

—

 

lobbying

—

#&

local content rule or rule of origin

—

 /

local tax

—

 

location of industry

—

D 

lockout

—



locomotive principle

—

 

637

Lome agreements

—

B% 

London derivatives exchange

—

B% #/   

London international financial futures exchange

—

. London derivatives exchange (B% /

 ’& #/)

London traded option market

—

B%  , . London derivatives

exchange

long position

—

 

long run

—

 

long-term capital employed or net worth

—

   #  -

%

Lorenz curve

—

 B

loss

—

#

loss-leading

—

# 

loss minimization

—

 #

LTD

—

. Limited liability

lump of labour

—

 

lump-sum taxes

—

 

luxury product

—

 

0, Ml, 2, 3, 4, 5

—

. money-supply definitions Maastricht treaty, 1991 — -

% , 1991

638

macroeconomic policy

—

 

macroeconomics

—



mail order

—

 &

Malthus, Thomas

—

%, "

managed exchange rate

—

. floating exchange-rate system, fixed exchange-rate

system

management accounting

—

% #

management buy-in

—

% 

management buy-out

—

% 

management-utility maximization

—

  &

managerial theories of the firm

—

%  

manpower planning

—

 # 

marginal analysis

—

 

marginal cost

—

 

marginal cost/average cost relationship

—

’    

marginal-cost pricing

—

    

marginal efficiency of capital/investment

—

 %  / 

marginal factor cost (MFC)

—

  

marginal physical product

—

  

marginal productivity theory of distribution

—

     

639

marginal propensity to consume (MPC)

—

 %%  /

marginal propensity to import (MPI)

—

 %%  

marginal propensity to save (MPS)

—

 %%  D/

marginal propensity to tax (MPT)

—

 %%  

marginal rate of substitution

—

  D

marginal rate of taxation

—

  

marginal rate of technical substitution

—

   D

marginal rate of transformation

—

  

marginal revenue

—

 

marginal revenue product

—

  

marginal tax rate

—

%  

marginal utility

—

 %

marginal utility of money

—

 % 

margin of error

—

/ #

market

—



market concentration

—

 

market conduct

—

 

market entry

—

/  

market exit or exit

—

  

market failure

—

 

640