Антропова Н.А., Садыков Т.Д. Геодезическое обеспечение нефтегазопроводов и газонефтехранилищ
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Ɉɬɜɟɬ: ɇɟɜɹɡɤɚ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚ ɢ ɪɚɜɧɚ 14 ɦɦ.
7.2. Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ
1. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɢ ɢ ɟɺ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɦ ɧɢ-
ɜɟɥɢɪɧɨɦ ɯɨɞɟ ɞɥɢɧɨɸ 8 ɤɦ, ɟɫɥɢ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɡɚɞɧɢɯ ɨɬɫɱɺɬɨɜ ɪɚɜɧɚ
27,400 ɦ, ɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɯ – 27,446 ɦ.
ȼ ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɦ ɧɢɜɟɥɢɪɧɨɦ ɯɨɞɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢ-
ɦɨɣ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ
fh =
ɦɦ, (7.12)
ɝɞɟ L – ɞɥɢɧɚ ɯɨɞɚ ɜ ɤɦ.
2.
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɢ ɢ ɟɺ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɦ ɧɢ-
ɜɟɥɢɪɧɨɦ ɯɨɞɟ ɞɥɢɧɨɸ 2 ɤɦ, ɟɫɥɢ ɫɭɦɦɚ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɹɦɨɝɨ ɯɨ-
ɞɚ ɪɚɜɧɚ +143,176 ɦ, ɚ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ – 143,246 ɦ.
3. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɭ ɜ ɪɚɡɨɦɤɧɭɬɨɦ ɯɨɞɟ, ɨɩɢɪɚɸɳɟɦɫɹ ɧɚ ɪɟɩɟ-
ɪɵ. ɋɪɚɜɧɢɬɟ ɟɺ ɫ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨɣ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɨɣ. ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɩɟɪ ɢɦɟɟɬ
ɨɬɦɟɬɤɭ
, ɚ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɣ ɋɭɦɦɚ
ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɜɧɚ
Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɯɨɞɚ
L
.
Ⱦɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚɹ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ
7.12.
4. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɭ ɬɨɱɤɢ ȼ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɬɫɬɨɢɬ ɨɬ ɬɨɱɤɢ Ⱥ ɧɚ 250
ɦ. ɍɤɥɨɧ ɥɢɧɢɢ, ɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɸɳɟɣ ɷɬɢ ɬɨɱɤɢ, ɪɚɜɟɧ –0,069. Ɉɬɦɟɬɤɚ
ɬɨɱɤɢ Ⱥ
141
5.
Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɭɝɨɥ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɚ ɢ ɭɤɥɨɧ ɥɢɧɢɢ Ⱥȼ, ɟɫɥɢ ɞɥɢɧɚ ɟɺ
, ɚ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ .
6. Ʉɚɤɭɸ ɞɥɢɧɭ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɥɢɧɢɹ Ⱥȼ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɟɺ ɤɨɧɟɰ ȼ ɛɵɥ ɧɢɠɟ
Ⱥ ɧɚ 15 ɦ ɢ ɥɢɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɥɚ ɭɤɥɨɧ
?
7. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɩɨɩɪɚɜɤɭ ɩɨ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɧɢɜɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ
ɪɚɡɨɦɤɧɭɬɨɝɨ ɯɨɞɚ (10 ɫɬɚɧɰɢɣ), ɨɩɢɪɚɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɱɚɥɟ ɢ ɤɨɧɰɟ
ɧɚ ɞɜɚ ɪɟɩɟɪɚ ɫ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɚɦɢ 164,664 ɦ ɢ 159,388 ɦ. Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɯɨɞɚ
L
. ɋɭɦɦɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɜɧɚ
8. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɧɟɜɹɡɤɭ ɩɪɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɧɢɜɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɨɦɤɧɭɬɨ-
ɝɨ ɯɨɞɚ, ɨɩɢɪɚɸɳɟɝɨɫɹ ɧɚ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ
,
Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɯɨɞɚ L . ɋɭɦɦɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɟ-
ɧɢɣ ɪɚɜɧɚ
142
7.3. Ɉɬɜɟɬɵ ɤ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɨɥ-
ɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɦɵ ʋ7
1. – 46 ɦɦ, ɧɟɜɹɡɤɚ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚ.
2.
– 70 ɦɦ, ɧɟɜɹɡɤɚ ɧɟɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚ.
3.
– 42 ɦɦ, ɧɟɜɹɡɤɚ ɧɟɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɚ.
4.
5.
;
6.
272,727 ɦ.
7.
8.
143
7.4. ɊȺɋɑȿɌɇɈ-ȽɊȺɎɂɑȿɋɄȺə ɊȺȻɈɌȺ «ɉɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ
ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚɦ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɧɢɜɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ»
ɁȺȾȺɇɂȿ
Ɉɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɣɬɟ ɠɭɪɧɚɥ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɢɜɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɬɚɛɥ.7.3). ɉɨ-
ɫɬɪɨɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶ ɜ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚɯ: ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɣ – 1:5000 ɢ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɣ
– 1:500. ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 7.4.
ɍɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ. ɇɢɜɟɥɢɪɧɵɣ ɯɨɞ ɨɩɢɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɪɟɩɟɪ
Rp N
ɧɚɱ
ɢ
ɤɨɧɟɱɧɵɣ ɪɟɩɟɪ
Rp N
ɤɨɧ
. ɇɢɜɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɥɨɫɶ ɩɨ ɞɜɭɫɬɨɪɨɧ-
ɧɢɦ ɪɟɣɤɚɦ.
ȼ ɬɚɛɥ. 7.3 ɜɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɩɟɪɨɜ. ɇɨ-
ɦɟɪɚ ɩɢɤɟɬɨɜ, ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɛɭɤɜɨɣ n ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 7.3 ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɧɨɦɟɪɭ
ɜɚɲɟɝɨ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚ. ɉɪɨɫɬɚɜɶɬɟ ɧɨɦɟɪɚ ɩɢɤɟɬɨɜ. Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɣɬɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɸ
ɡɚɞɚɱɢ 7.1 ɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɹɫɶ ɬɚɛɥ. 7.2, ɝɞɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɣ ɠɭɪɧɚɥ. ɉɪɢ
ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɢ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɣɬɟ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɸ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ 7.2 ɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɪɢɫ.
7.1.
ɆȺɌȿɊɂȺɅɕ Ʉ ɋȾȺɑȿ
1.
Ɉɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɣ ɠɭɪɧɚɥ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɢɜɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ (ɬɚɛɥ. 7.3)
ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɜɨɟɦɭ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɭ.
2.
ɉɪɨɮɢɥɶ ɧɢɜɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɣɬɟ ɧɚ ɥɢɫɬɟ ɱɟɪɬɺɠɧɨɣ ɛɭɦɚɝɢ
ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ Ⱥ4, ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɪɚɦɤɨɣ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ (ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 1).
144
3.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 7.3
ɀɭɪɧɚɥ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɢɜɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ʋ
ɫɬɚɧ-
ɰɢɢ
ʋ ɩɢɤɟ-
ɬɨɜ ɢ
ɩɥɸɫ.
ɬɨɱɟɤ
Ɉɬɫɱɟɬɵ ɩɨ ɪɟɣɤɚɦ, ɦɦ ɉɪɟɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ, ɦɦ
Ƚɨɪɢɡɨɧɬ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭ-
ɦɟɧɬɚ, ɦ,
(Ƚɂ)
Ɉɬɦɟɬ-
ɤɢ ɬɨ-
ɱɟɤ, ɦ
ɡɚɞɧɟɣ
(ɡ)
ɩɟɪɟɞɧɟɣ
(ɩ)
ɩɪɨɦɟ-
ɠɭɬ. (ɩɪ)
ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚ.
(h)
ɫɪɟɞɧɢɟ
(h
ɫɪ.
)
ɢɫɩɪɚɜɥ.
(h
ɢ
)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
1 Rp N
ɧɚɱ
1776
6476
ɉɄ n 150
4848
2 ɉɄ n 1421
6421
+36
+70
ɉɄ(n+1) 602
5602
3 ɉɄ(n+1) 1805
6505
+
+
X
1
370
5075
4 X
1
1593
6294
ɉɄ(n+2) 460
5160
5 ɉɄ(n+2) 2126
6826
+17
ɉɄ(n+3) 671
5368
6 ɉɄ(n+3) 1100
5800
+27
ɉɄ(n+3) 1386
6089
6ɡ= 6ɩ=
6h= 6h
ɫɪ
=
6ɡ – 6ɩ =
ɉɪɨɞɨɥɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɛɥ.7.3
145
ʋ
ɫɬɚɧ-
ɰɢɢ
ʋ ɩɢɤɟ-
ɬɨɜ ɢ
ɩɥɸɫ.
ɬɨɱɟɤ
Ɉɬɫɱɟɬɵ ɩɨ ɪɟɣɤɚɦ, ɦɦ ɉɪɟɜɵɲɟɧɢɹ, ɦɦ
Ƚɨɪɢɡɨɧɬ
ɢɧɫɬɪɭ-
ɦɟɧɬɚ, ɦ,
(Ƚɂ)
Ɉɬɦɟɬɤɢ
ɬɨɱɟɤ, ɦ
ɡɚɞɧɟɣ
(ɡ)
ɩɟɪɟɞ-
ɧɟɣ
(ɩ)
ɩɪɨɦɟ-
ɠɭɬ.
(ɩɪ)
ɧɚɛɥɸ-
ɞɚ. (h)
ɫɪɟɞ-
ɧɢɟ
(h
ɫɪ.
)
ɢɫ-
ɩɪɚɜɥ.
(h
ɢ
)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8
9 10
7 ɉɄ(n+4)
6477
6178
ɉɄ(n+5) 1406
6105
8 ɉɄ(n+5)
+82
ɉɄ(n+6) 944
5644
9 ɉɄ(n+6) 1486
6185
+40
+68
ɉɄ(n+7) 1878
6575
10 ɉɄ(n+7) 790
5490
ɉɄ(n+8) 798
5498
11 ɉɄ(n+8) 2470
7170
+20
Rp N
ɤɨɧ
514
5213
6ɡ= 6ɩ=
6h= 6h
ɫɪ
=
6ɡ – 6ɩ =
ȼɫɟɝɨ 6ɡ – 6ɩ =
6h= 6h
ɫɪ
= 6h
ɢ
=
=
146
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 7.4
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɣ
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ 0 1 2 3 4 5
Ɉɬɦɟɬɤɢ
ɪɟɩɟɪɨɜ,
ɦ
ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ
Rp
ɧɚɱ
99,282 16,573 86,933 97,122 37,492 65,623
Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɵɣ
Rp
ɤɨɧ
108,482 25,723 96,113 106,317 46,704 74,623
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ 6 7 8 9 10 11
Ɉɬɦɟɬɤɢ
ɪɟɩɟɪɨɜ,
ɦ
ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ
Rp
ɧɚɱ
29,012 47,332 52,641 65,643 21,130 37,352
Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɵɣ
Rp
ɤɨɧ
38,199 56,499 61,800 74,842 30,335 46,569
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ 12 13 14 15 16 17
Ɉɬɦɟɬɤɢ
ɪɟɩɟɪɨɜ,
ɦ
ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ
Rp
ɧɚɱ
56,591 78,320 83,030 58,481 56,702 74,321
Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɵɣ
Rp
ɤɨɧ
65,810 87,530 92,238 67,696 65,899 83,477
ȼɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ 18 19 20 21 22 23
Ɉɬɦɟɬɤɢ
ɪɟɩɟɪɨɜ,
ɦ
ɇɚɱɚɥɶɧɵɣ
Rp
ɧɚɱ
14,765 21,380 26,870 22,373 33,959 37,253
Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɵɣ
Rp
ɤɨɧ
23,967 30,531 36,032 31,527 43,163 46,445
147
8. Ɋȿɒȿɇɂȿ ɈȻɊȺɌɇɈɃ ȽȿɈȾȿɁɂɑȿɋɄɈɃ ɁȺȾȺɑɂ
8.1. ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱ
Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ 8.1.
Ɋɟɲɢɬɟ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɭɸ ɝɟɨɞɟɡɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɡɚɞɚɱɭ, ɟɫɥɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬ-
ɧɵ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɢ ɤɨɧɰɚ ɨɬɪɟɡɤɚ ɋD:
ɏ
D
= 850 ɦ
ɏ
ɋ
= 900 ɦ
ɍ
D
= 5695 ɦ
ɍ
ɋ
= 4645 ɦ
Ɉɛɪɚɬɧɚɹ ɝɟɨɞɟɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɝɞɚ,
ɤɨɝɞɚ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ ɞɜɭɯ ɬɨɱɟɤ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɢɫ-
ɬɟɦɟ ɩɥɨɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ ɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ
ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ (ɞɢɪɟɤɰɢɨɧ-
ɧɵɣ ɭɝɨɥ).
Ɋɢɫ. 8.1. Ɉɛɪɚɬɧɚɹ ɝɟɨɞɟɡɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ.
148
ɂɡ ɪɢɫɭɧɤɚ 8.1. ɜɢɞɢɦ ɩɪɹɦɨɭɝɨɥɶɧɵɣ ɬɪɟɭɝɨɥɶɧɢɤ, ɝɢɩɨɬɟɧɭɡɨɣ
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚ Ⱥȼ, ɚ ɤɚɬɟɬɚɦɢ – ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ
(
;ɯ' ɭ'
). ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɬ.Ⱥ ɧɚ ɬ.ȼ, ɬɨ ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ (
;ɯ' ɭ'
) ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹ-
ɸɬ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ:
ɯ'
= ɏ
ȼ
-
ɏ
Ⱥ
, (16)
ɢ
ɭ'
= ɍ
ȼ
- ɍ
Ⱥ
, (17)
ȿɫɥɢ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɶ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫ ɬ.ȼ ɧɚ ɬ.Ⱥ, ɬɨ ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ
ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ (
;ɯ' ɭ'
) ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɸɬ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ:
ɯ'
= ɏ
Ⱥ
–
ɏ
ȼ
, (18)
ɢ
ɭ'
= ɍ
Ⱥ
- ɍ
ȼ
, (19)
ɉɨ ɧɚɣɞɟɧɧɵɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦ ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ (
;ɯ' ɭ'
) ɧɭɠɧɨɝɨ
ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɧɝɟɧɫ ɪɭɦɛɚ
tg r =
ɭ'
/
ɯ'
, (20)
ɨɬɫɸɞɚ ɪɭɦɛ ɪɚɜɟɧ:
r° = arctg (tgr) - ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ ɪɭɦɛ ɜ ɝɪɚɞɭɫɚɯ. (21)
ɉɨ ɡɧɚɤɚɦ («+» ɢɥɢ « - » ) ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ (
;ɯ' ɭ'
) ɨɩɪɟ-
ɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɜ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɢ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɢ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɪɢɫ.5 ɢ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɵ 2, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɞɢɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ
ɭɝɨɥ (Į) ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ. Ɂɧɚɹ ɞɢɪɟɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɭɝɨɥ (Į) ɢ ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɣ ɤɨ-
ɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ (
;ɯ' ɭ'
), ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ (ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ)
ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɩɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚɦ:
d=
ɯ'
/cosĮ=
ɭ'
/sinĮ= , (22)
ɉɪɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɝɟɨɞɟɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ cos Į
Ⱥȼ
ɢ sinĮ
Ⱥȼ
ɜɵ-
ɱɢɫɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɩɹɬɢ ɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɩɹɬɨɣ.
149
ɉɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɬɪɟɯ ɪɚɡ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ
ɢɯ ɫɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɵɦ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ.
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ.
Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɚɥɝɨɪɢɬɦɚ (ɬɚɛɥ. ).
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ8.1
Ⱥɥɝɨɪɢɬɦ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ 8.1.
ʋ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ Ɉɛɨɡɧɚɟɧɢɟ Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ
1 ɏ
D
ɂɫɯ. ɞɚɧɧɵɟ 850 ɦ
2 ɏ
ɋ
ɂɫɯ. ɞɚɧɧɵɟ 900 ɦ
5
X
ɏ
D
–ɏ
ɋ
-50
3 ɍ
D
ɂɫɯ. ɞɚɧɧɵɟ 5695
4 ɍ
ɋ
ɂɫɯ. ɞɚɧɧɵɟ 4645
6
Y
ɍ
D
–ɍ
ɋ
1050
7
-21.00000
8
-87.27369
9 ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɶ
ɩɨ ɡɧɚɤɚɦ
X,
X
ɉɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɦ
ɫɜɟɬɚ ɘȼ
10
92,72631099 92,72631099
11
ɩɨ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɢ
92
43’35”
92
44’
12 S
CD
1051.19
13 S
CD
1051.19
14 S
CD
1051.19
8.2. Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ
1. Ɋɟɲɢɬɟ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɭɸ ɝɟɨɞɟɡɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɡɚɞɚɱɭ, ɟɫɥɢ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵ ɤɨɨɪ-
ɞɢɧɚɬɵ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɢ ɤɨɧɰɚ ɨɬɪɟɡɤɚ ɋD:
ɏ
D
= 1056 ɦ
ɏ
ɋ
= 900 ɦ
ɍ
D
= 4743 ɦ
ɍ
ɋ
= 3426 ɦ
150