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ɉɪɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚɯ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (3) ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ

ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɫɬɪɨɤɚɦ ɢɫɯɨɞɹ ɢɡ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ:

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ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɯɨɞɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ

ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶɫɹ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɤɨɦ «ɦɢɧɭɫ». ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɧɚɞɨ

ɛɪɚɬɶ ɩɨ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɣ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɟ.

Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 5. ɉɪɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹɯ

ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɨɤɪɭɝɥɹɟɦ ɞɨ ɰɟɥɵɯ ɦɟɬɪɨɜ.

Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 5

ȼɟɞɨɦɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɬɟɨɞɨɥɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɢɝɨɧɚ

ɬɨ-

ɱɟɤ

ɂɫɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ

ɩɪɢɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ, ɦ

Ʉɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ,

±ǻɭ

i+1

±ǻɭ

ǻɯ

±ǻɯ ±ǻɭ ±ɯ ±ɭ

1 +8328,12 +7745,84

+141,63

+172,0

+1456797 +1432437 +24360

+8469,75 +7917,84

–

55,02

+133,1

+1120758 +1128086 –7328

+8414,73 +8051,03

–

112,19 –31,00 –257379 –260857 +3478

+8302,54 +8020,03

–

64,54 –66,83 –550546 –554859 +4313

+8238,00 +7953,20

+8,33 -110,09 –907838 –906921 –917

+8246,33 +7843,11

+81,79 -97,27 –810076 –802121 –7956

+8328,12 +

7745,84

Ȉ +51716 +35765 +15950

ɝɚɦ

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iiii

37,45,43740

3576551716

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Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ 5.25

. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬ-

ɧɨɣ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɢ. ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ (ɪɢɫ. 5, ɚ): N= 107, ɩ = 49, ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚ ɤɜɚɞ-

ɪɚɬɚ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɢ ɪɚɜɧɚ 2 ɦɦ, ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ 1:10000.

ɉɪɢ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɭɱɚ-

ɫɬɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɭ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ

ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɭɸ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɤɚɥɶɤɭ), ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɨ-

ɫɬɪɨɟɧɚ ɫɟɬɤɚ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɨɜ, ɬɨɱɟɤ ɢɥɢ ɥɢɧɢɣ (ɪɢɫ. 5).

ȿɫɥɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɦɚɥɨɝɨ (ɞɨ 2

– 3 ɫɦ

) ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫ ɪɟɡɤɨ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɤɪɢɜɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɦɢ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɦɢ, ɬɨ

ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɢ

(ɪɢɫ. 5, ɚ), ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜɢɞ ɫɟɬɤɢ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɨɜ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚɦɢ 1 – 5 ɦɦ.

Ɂɧɚɹ ɞɥɢɧɭ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɚ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɢ ɢ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ ɩɥɚɧɚ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɸɬ

ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɚ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɢ S

Ɋɢɫ. 5. ȼɢɞɵ ɩɚɥɟɬɨɤ

Ⱦɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɧɭɸ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢ-

ɦɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɧɚɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɥɚɧ ɢ ɩɨɞɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɱɢɫɥɨ N ɩɨɥɧɵɯ ɤɜɚɞɪɚ-

ɬɨɜ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ (ɪɢɫ. 6, ɚ). Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɩɨɞɫɱɢ-

ɬɵɜɚɸɬ «ɧɚ ɝɥɚɡ» ɱɢɫɥɨ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɨɜ n, ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɦɵɯ ɢɡ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɵɯ ɤɜɚɞɪɚ-

ɬɨɜ ɭ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ. Ɉɛɳɭɸ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɩɨɩɪɟɞɟ-

ɥɹɸɬ ɩɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ.

. (9)

ɚ ɛ ɜ

Ɋɢɫ. 6. ɋɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɟɣ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɚɥɟɬɨɤ: ɚ – ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɧɨɣ;

ɛ – ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɨɣ (ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣ); ɜ – ɤɭɪɜɢɦɟɬɪ

Ⱦɥɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɸɬ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨ, ɪɚɡ-

ɜɟɪɧɭɜ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɭ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɧɨ ɧɚ 45°. ɂɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɛɟɪɺɬɫɹ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɟ

ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ. Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɨɝɪɟɲɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ

ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ 1:50 – 1:100.

Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ. ɂɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛ – ɜ 1 ɦɦ – 10 ɦ. ɉɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɤɜɚɞɪɚ-

ɬɚ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɢ S

= 20 ɯ 20 = 400 ɦ

ɉɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɟ (9) S = 400 (107 + 49/2) = 52600 ɦ

Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ 5.26. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣ

ɩɚɥɟɬɤɢ. Ɇɚɫɲɬɚɛ ɩɥɚɧɚ 1:1000, h=2 ɦ, ɫɭɦɦɚ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɥɢɧɢɣ ɪɚɜɧɚ

126,5 ɦ.

ɉɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɟɣ ɞɨ 10 ɫɦ

ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢɫ-

ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɭɸ (ɥɢɧɟɣɧɭɸ) ɩɚɥɟɬɤɭ (ɪɢɫ. 5, ɜ),

ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɭɸ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɥɢɫɬ ɩɪɨɡɪɚɱɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɵ, ɧɚ ɤɨ-

ɬɨɪɨɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɪɚɜɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɤɢ ɚ = 2 – 5 ɦɦ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧ ɪɹɞ

ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɥɢɧɢɣ.

ɉɚɥɟɬɤɚ ɧɚɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɭɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ

ɤɪɚɣɧɢɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɪɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɢɧɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ

ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɢ (ɪɢɫ. 6, ɛ). ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɚɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚ-

ɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɫɱɥɟɧɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɮɢɝɭɪɵ, ɛɥɢɡɤɢɟ ɤ ɬɪɚɩɟɰɢɹɦ ɫ ɪɚɜɧɵɦɢ ɜɵɫɨɬɚ-

ɦɢ; ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɬɪɟɡɤɢ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɥɢɧɢɣ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ

ɫɪɟɞɧɢɦɢ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɬɪɚɩɟɰɢɢ. ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɞɥɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ

ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɰɢɪɤɭɥɹ-ɢɡɦɟɪɢɬɟɥɹ ɢ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɟɣɤɢ ɧɭɠɧɨ

ɢɡɦɟɪɢɬɶ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɥɢɧɢɣ ɬɪɚɩɟɰɢɣ

lll ...,,

ɢ ɢɯ ɫɭɦɦɭ ɭɦɧɨɠɢɬɶ

ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɥɢɧɢɹɦɢ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ ɩɥɚɧɚ, ɬ. ɟ.

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lalllaS

...

Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ. S = 2 ɯ 126,5 = 253 ɦ

Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ 5.27. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɬɨɱɟɱɧɨɣ

ɩɚɥɟɬɤɢ (ɪɢɫ. 5.12, ɛ).

ɉɪɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɨɱɟɱɧɨɣ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɢ (ɪɢɫ. 5.12, ɛ)

ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɶ ɡɨɧɵ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ, ɤɨɬɨ-

ɪɚɹ, ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ, ɪɚɜɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɚ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜ

ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɩɚɥɟɬɤɟ. ȼ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɟ ɩɨɞɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɬ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɬɨ-

ɱɟɤ N ɢ ɭɦɧɨɠɚɸɬ ɟɝɨ ɧɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ

ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɜɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ, ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɭ-

ɪɨɦ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɦɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ.

ɂɫɯɨɞɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ (ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɚ ɤɪɢ-

ɜɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɨɣ ɮɢɝɭɪɵ):

200 ɦs

; N = 87 (ɪɢɫ. 5, ɛ).

Ɋɟɲɟɧɢɟ. S = (200ɯ87) = 17400 ɦ

5.2. Ɂɚɞɚɧɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ

1. Ɍɨɱɤɚ Ɇ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɢ ɫ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɨɣ 98 ɦ. Ɉɬɦɟɬ-

ɤɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ (ɜɟɪɲɢɧɚ) – 98,7 ɦ. ɇɚɣɞɢɬɟ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɭɸ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɭ

ɬɨɱɤɢ Ɇ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɶɟɮɚ – 1 ɦ; ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɣ

ɬɨɱɤɢ ɞɨ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɢ – 20 ɦɦ, ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɬɨɱɤɢ, ɨɬɦɟɬɤɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ

ɧɭɠɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ, ɞɨ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɟɣ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɢ ɩɨ ɤɚɪɬɟ – 9 ɦɦ.

Ɍɨɱɤɚ Ʉ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɣ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɢ ɫ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɨɣ

100 ɦ (ɜɟɪɲɢɧɚ ɜɨɡɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ). ɇɚɣɬɢ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɭ ɬɨɱɤɢ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ

ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɢ, ɟɫɥɢ ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɶɟɮɚ 5 ɦ.

ɂɡɜɟɫɬɟɧ ɭɤɥɨɧ

028,0 i

ɢ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɥɢɧɢɢ

Ⱥȼ ɩɨ ɤɚɪɬɟ

.332 ɦd

ɇɚɣɞɢɬɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɨɱɤɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɤɚɪɬɟ.

ɂɡɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨ ɤɚɪɬɟ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɚ 1:50000 ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɞɨ ɬɨɱɤɢ, ɪɚɫ-

ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɫɤɥɨɧɟ ɝɨɪɵ, ɪɚɜɧɨ 1,94 ɫɦ. ɍɝɨɥ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɚ ɥɢɧɢɢ ɪɚɜɟɧ

30°. ȼɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟ, ɱɟɦɭ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɞɨ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ.

ɉɨ ɤɚɪɬɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ ɜɵɫɨɬɵ ɢ ɡɚɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɚɬɨɜ, ɭɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɜ

ɬɚɛɥ. Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɤɪɭɬɢɡɧɭ ɫɤɚɬɨɜ ɜ %.

ȼɵɫɨɬɚ ɫɤɚ-

ɬɚ, ɦ

Ɂɚɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ

ɫɤɚɬɚ, ɦ

1 30 300

2 5 225

3 10 30

4 20 35

5 10 12,5

6 40 40

Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɭ ɬɨɱɤɢ Ⱥ ɩɨ ɤɚɪɬɟ (ɪɢɫ. 5.11).

Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɭ ɬɨɱɤɢ ȼ ɩɨ ɤɚɪɬɟ (ɪɢɫ. 5.11).

ɉɪɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪ ɨɩɭɫɬɢɬɟ ɧɚ

ɩɨɥɭɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶ.

ɉɨɥɭɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɥɶɟɮɚ

ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶɸ, ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɳɟɣ ɧɚ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɵ ɜɵɫɨ-

ɬɵ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɥɶɟɮɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɤɚɪɬɵ.

Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɟ ɨɬɦɟɬɤɭ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɋ ɩɨ ɤɚɪɬɟ (ɪɢɫ. 5.11).

ɉɪɨɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ (ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ) ɢɧɬɟɪɩɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ

ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɤɚɪɬɵ (ɪɢɫ. 5.12) ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɨɱɤɚɦɢ, ɫɨɟɞɢɧɺɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɪɟɥɤɚɦɢ. Ƚɨ-

ɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ 10 ɦ.

Ɋɢɫ. 5.13. ɍɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɬɚɯɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɴɺɦɤɢ

10. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ (ɚɧɚɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ) ɢɧɬɟɪɩɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ

ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɤɚɪɬɵ (ɪɢɫ. 5.14). Ƚɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɢɬɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ 1 ɦ.

Ɋɢɫ. 5.14. ɍɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɬɚɯɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɴɺɦɤɢ

5.3. Ɉɬɜɟɬɵ ɤ ɡɚɞɚɧɢɹɦ ɞɥɹ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɩɨɥ-

ɧɟɧɢɹ

1. 98,3 ɦ.

102,5 ɦ.

9,3 ɦ.

1) 10%; 2) 2,2 %; 3) 33 %;4) 57 %;2) 80 %.

Ɉɬɜɟɬ ɩɨ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚɦ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ

ʋ 1 2 3 4 5

% 10 2,2 33 57 80

ɓɳɳ

Ɂɡɡɡɡ

ɏɯɯɯ

9. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɤɚɪɬɵ ɩɪɢɜɟ-

ɞɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 5.15.

Ɋɢɫ. 5.15. ɍɱɚɫɬɨɤ ɬɚɯɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɴɺɦɤɢ

5.4. Ɋɚɫɱɟɬɧɨ-ɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ʋ 4 «ɉɨɫɬɪɨɣɬɟ ɩɪɨ-

ɮɢɥɶ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɬɨɩɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɚɪɬɟ ɩɨ ɡɚ-

ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ»

ɁȺȾȺɇɂȿ.

ɋɞɟɥɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɩɢɸ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɤɚɪɬɵ Ɇ 1:10000 (ɫɟɜɟɪɨ-

ɜɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ) ɧɚ ɥɢɫɬ Ⱥ4. ɇɚ ɤɨɩɢɢ ɤɚɪɬɵ ɧɚɧɟɫɢɬɟ ɥɢɧɢɸ ɩɪɨ-

ɮɢɥɹ (Ⱥȼ), ɞɥɢɧɨɣ 14-15 ɫɦ. ɇɚ ɤɚɪɬɟ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɶɬɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɟ ɥɢɧɢɢ,

ɩɟɪɟɫɟɤɚɸɳɢɟ ɥɢɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ, ɩɪɨɧɭɦɟɪɭɣɬɟ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɢ ɩɨɞɩɢ-

ɲɢɬɟ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɢ.

ɉɨɫɬɪɨɣɬɟ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɶ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɥɢɧɢɢ Ⱥȼ ɧɚ ɥɢɫɬɟ ɱɟɪɬɺɠɧɨɣ

ɛɭɦɚɝɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ Ⱥ4,

ɨɮɨɪɦɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɪɚɦɤɨɣ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɉɪ

ɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 1. Ɍɢ-

ɬɭɥɶɧɵɣ ɥɢɫɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ

ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ

ɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɚ Ɍɉɍ (ɉɪɢɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ 2).

ȼɫɟ ɩɨɞɩɢɫɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɣɬɟ ɱɟɪɬɟɠɧɵɦ ɲɪɢɮɬɨɦ. ɇɟɛɪɟɠɧɨ ɜɵɩɨɥ-

ɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ.

ɆȺɌȿɊɂȺɅɕ Ʉ ɋȾȺɑȿ

Ɍɢɬɭɥɶɧɵɣ ɥɢɫɬ.

Ʉɨɩɢɹ ɭɱɟɛɧɨɣ ɤɚɪɬɵ ɫ ɥɢɧɢɟɣ ɩɪɨɮɢɥɹ ɢ ɫɨ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɩɨɞɩɢɫɹɦɢ.

ɉɪɨɮɢɥɶ ɪɟɥɶɟɮɚ ɧɚ ɥɢɫɬɟ ɱɟɪɬɺɠɧɨɣ ɛɭɦɚɝɢ ɮɨɪɦɚɬɚ Ⱥ4.



6. ɈȻɊȺȻɈɌɄȺ ɊȿɁɍɅɖɌȺɌɈȼ ɌȿɈȾɈɅɂɌɇɈɃ ɋɔȬɆɄɂ

6.1. ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱ

Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ 6.1. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɴɟɦɤɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɩɨɥɢɝɨ-

ɧɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ ɉ313 ɢ ɉ312 ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɪɚɡɨɦɤ-

ɧɭɬɵɣ ɬɟɨɞɨɥɢɬɧɵɣ ɯɨɞ ɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɵ ɩɪɚɜɵɟ ɩɨ ɯɨɞɭ ɭɝɥɵ ɢ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɫɬɨ-

ɪɨɧ. ɍɝɥɨɜ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɥɢ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɟɨɞɨɥɢɬɨɦ 2Ɍ30 ɦɟɬɨɞɨɦ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɢɺ-

ɦɨɜ. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɬɟɨɞɨɥɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɯɨɞɚ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɢɫ. 6.1.

Ɋɚɫɫɱɢɬɚɣɬɟ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬɵ ɪɚɡɨɦɤɧɭɬɨɝɨ ɬɟɨɞɨɥɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɯɨɞɚ (ɩɨɥɢɝɨ-

ɧɚ) (ɬɚɛɥ. 6.1).

Ɋɢɫ. 6.1. ɋɯɟɦɚ ɬɟɨɞɨɥɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɯɨɞɚ