Антонюк О.В. Основи етнополітики

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.

421

Òåðèòîð³ÿ åòí³÷íà

— àðåàë, ó ìåæàõ ÿêîãî ïðîæèâàþòü

ãðóïè ëþäåé, ùî íàëåæàòü äî òîãî ÷è ³íøîãî åòíîñó ³ â³äòâîðþ-

þòü ó éîãî ìåæàõ âëàñíó åòíîêóëüòóðó.

Òèòóëüíèé åòíîñ

— òåðì³í, ÿêèì îçíà÷àþòü íàðîä (â åò-

í³÷íîìó ðîçóì³íí³), ùî äàâ íàéìåíóâàííÿ òîìó ÷è ³íøîìó íà-

ö³îíàëüíî-äåðæàâíîìó óòâîðåííþ (óêðà¿íö³ — Óêðà¿í³, áîëãà-

ðè — Áîëãàð³¿, ïîëÿêè — Ïîëüù³).

Òîëåðàíòí³ñòü åòí³÷íà

(â³ä ëàò. tolerans (tolerantis) —

òåðïëÿ÷èé) — òåðïèì³ñòü äî ÷óæèõ äóìîê ³ â³ðóâàíü; ñïåöèô³-

÷íà îçíàêà íàö³îíàëüíîãî õàðàêòåðó, ÿêà âèðàæàºòüñÿ ó òåðïè-

ìîñò³ äî áóäü-ÿêèõ ïðîÿâ³â ³íîåòí³÷íîãî ìåíòàë³òåòó.

Óðáàí³çàö³ÿ

(â³ä ëàò. urbanus — ì³ñüêèé) — ³ñòîðè÷íèé

ïðîöåñ ï³äâèùåííÿ ðîë³ ì³ñò ó ñóñï³ëüñòâ³; çîñåðåäæåííÿ íàñå-

ëåííÿ ³ åêîíîì³÷íîãî æèòòÿ ó âåëèêèõ ì³ñòàõ; ïîøèðåííÿ ðèñ

³ îñîáëèâîñòåé, âëàñòèâèõ ì³ñòó, ïðîìèñëîâîìó öåíòðó.

Ôàøèçì

(â³ä ëàò. fascis — â’ÿçêà õìèçó) — ñóñï³ëüíî-ïî-

ë³òè÷íà äîêòðèíà, ùî âèíèêëà 1919 ð. â ²òàë³¿ òà Í³ìå÷÷èí³ ³

áóëà ðåàêö³ºþ íà íåñïðîìîæí³ñòü ïàí³âíèõ êëàñ³â óòðèìàòè

ñâîþ âëàäó çâè÷àéíèìè äåìîêðàòè÷íèìè çàñîáàìè. ßê ïðàâî-

åêñòðåì³ñòñüêèé ïîë³òè÷íèé ðóõ òà ³äåîëîã³ÿ, Ô. çàñíîâóºòüñÿ

íà àíòèäåìîêðàòèçì³, äëÿ ÿêîãî õàðàêòåðí³ òàê³ ðèñè: â³äêðè-

òà ñòàâêà íà ñèëîâ³ ìåòîäè äîñÿãíåííÿ ìåòè, àãðåñèâí³ ôîðìè

ïîâåä³íêè; ïðîãîëîøåííÿ åòí³÷íî¿ ³ ðàñîâî¿ âèíÿòêîâîñò³ òà

ãåãåìîí³¿ ñâîº¿ íàö³¿; âèÿâ êðàéíüî¿ íåòåðïèìîñò³ äî ³íàêîìè-

ñëÿ÷èõ; çä³éñíåííÿ ï³äðèâíèõ àêö³é; àäàïòàö³ÿ äî ³äåîëîã³¿, â

îñíîâ³ ÿêî¿ ëåæàòü ³äå¿ “ñèëüíî¿” äåðæàâè ³ ï³äëåãëîñò³ ¿é ³í-

äèâ³äóàëüíèõ ïîë³òè÷íèõ ïðàâ; óñòàíîâêà íà çàîõî÷åííÿ ì³-

ë³òàðèçìó. Ô. ´ðóíòóºòüñÿ íà òàêèõ âèçíà÷àëüíèõ ðèñàõ: òîòà-

ë³òàðèçì, êîíñîë³äàö³ÿ åêñòðåì³ñòñüêèõ îðãàí³çàö³é, çàáîðîíà

ïðîãðåñèâíèõ ïàðò³é ³ îðãàí³çàö³é, ðàñèçì, ãåíîöèä, øîâ³í³çì,

åë³òàðèçì, âîæäèçì, âèêîðèñòàííÿ êðàéí³õ ìåòîä³â, ôîðì íà-

422

ñèëüñòâà äëÿ äîñÿãíåííÿ ïîë³òè÷íî¿ ìåòè, ë³êâ³äàö³ÿ äåìîêðà-

òè÷íèõ ñâîáîä, ïåðåñë³äóâàííÿ ³íàêîìèñëÿ÷èõ.

Øîâ³í³çì

(ôð. chauvinisme â³ä ïð³çâèùà ñîëäàòà íàïîëå-

îí³âñüêî¿ àðì³¿ Øîâåíà, ÿêèé ñòàâ â³äîìèé ï³ä ÷àñ ºãèïåòñüêî-

ãî ïîõîäó 1798–1801 ðð. ëþäèíîíåíàâèñíèöüêèì ñòàâëåííÿì

äî àðàáñüêîãî íàñåëåííÿ) — àãðåñèâíà ôîðìà íàö³îíàë³çìó, ÿêà

ïðîïîâ³äóº íàö³îíàëüíó âèêëþ÷í³ñòü îäíèõ íàö³é ³ öüêóâàííÿ

³íøèõ, íàö³îíàëüíó ïèõàò³ñòü, ðîçïàëþâàííÿ íàö³îíàëüíî¿ âî-

ðîæíå÷³ é íåíàâèñò³, ðîáèòü ñòàâêó íà ñèëó äëÿ ãíîáëåííÿ “ìà-

ëèõ” íàðîä³â, ïîíåâîëåííÿ ¿õ, òàâðóâàííÿ çà ¿õ ïðèõèëüí³ñòü äî

ñâîº¿ êóëüòóðè. Ñïîð³äíåíèìè ³ç Ø. ÿâèùàìè º ôàøèçì, òîòà-

ë³òàðèçì, àïàðòå¿ä, ãåíîöèä òà ³í. Îäíèì ç íàéá³ëüø ïîøèðå-

íèõ ð³çíîâèä³â Ø. º âåëèêîäåðæàâíèé øîâ³í³çì — ³äåîëîã³ÿ

íàö³¿, ùî çàéìàº ïàí³âíå (äåðæàâíå) ñòàíîâèùå â äåðæàâ³.

423

Çì³ñòÇì³ñò

Çì³ñò

Âñòóï

............................................................................................... 3

Ðîçä³ë ². Íàóêîâà äåòåðì³íàö³ÿ åòíîïîë³òîëîã³¿

³ åòíîïîë³òèêè. ¯õ âçàºìîçâ’ÿçîê òà â³äì³ííîñò³ .... 9

1.1. Îñíîâí³ òåîðåòèêî-ìåòîäîëîã³÷í³ çàñàäè

åòíîïîë³òîëîã³¿ ................................................................... 9

1.2. Åòíîïîë³òèêà: îá’ºêòíî-ïðåäìåòíà ñôåðà

ôóíêö³îíóâàííÿ ............................................................... 23

1.3. Åòíîïîë³òè÷íèé ìåíåäæìåíò ........................................ 40

Âèñíîâêè ........................................................................................ 49

Çàïèòàííÿ .................................................................................... 52

Çàâäàííÿ ........................................................................................ 52

Òåìè ðåôåðàò³â ............................................................................ 53

Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíî¿ òà ðåêîìåíäîâàíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè .......... 53

Ðîçä³ë 2. ²ñòîð³ÿ åòíîïîë³òè÷íî¿ äóìêè:

çàõ³äíà ³ â³ò÷èçíÿíà òðàäèö³¿ .................................. 55

2.1. Âèíèêíåííÿ é åâîëþö³ÿ çàðóá³æíî¿

åòíîïîë³òè÷íî¿ äóìêè .................................................... 55

2.2. Êîíöåïòóàëüíå îñìèñëåííÿ îñîáëèâîñòåé

åòíîïîë³òè÷íîãî ðîçâèòêó Óêðà¿íè

â óêðà¿íñüê³é ñóñï³ëüíî-ïîë³òè÷í³é äóìö³ .................. 77

Âèñíîâêè ...................................................................................... 103

Çàïèòàííÿ .................................................................................. 109

Çàâäàííÿ ...................................................................................... 110

Òåìè ðåôåðàò³â .......................................................................... 111

Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíî¿ òà ðåêîìåíäîâàíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè ........ 111

424

Ðîç ä³ ë 3 . ²ñòîð³ÿ ñòàíîâëåííÿ åòíîïîë³òèêè â Óêðà¿í³ ...... 113

3.1. Ñòàíîâëåííÿ åòíîïîë³òèêè â ïåð³îä

³ñíóâàííÿ ÓÍÐ ............................................................... 113

3.2. Íàö³îíàëüíà ïîë³òèêà â ÓÐÑÐ .................................... 131

3.3. Êîíöåïòóàëüí³ çàñàäè ñó÷àñíî¿ äåðæàâíî¿

åòíîïîë³òèêè .................................................................. 144

Âèñíîâêè ...................................................................................... 156

Çàïèòàííÿ .................................................................................. 158

Çàâäàííÿ ...................................................................................... 158

Òåìè ðåôåðàò³â .......................................................................... 159

Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíî¿ òà ðåêîìåíäîâàíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè ........ 159

Ðîçä³ë 4. Ñâ³òîâèé åòíîíàö³îíàëüíèé ïðîñò³ð ..................... 161

4.1. Åòí³÷íà êàðòèíà ñâ³òó ................................................... 161

4.2. Åòíîíàö³îíàëüíà ñòðóêòóðà óêðà¿íñüêîãî

ñóñï³ëüñòâà ..................................................................... 180

Âèñíîâêè ...................................................................................... 199

Çàïèòàííÿ .................................................................................. 201

Çàâäàííÿ ...................................................................................... 201

Òåìè ðåôåðàò³â .......................................................................... 202

Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíî¿ òà ðåêîìåíäîâàíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè ........ 202

Ðîçä³ë 5. Ñóá’ºêòè òà îá’ºêòè åòíîïîë³òèêè ......................... 204

5.1. Ñóá’ºêòíî-îá’ºêòíà äåòåðì³íàö³ÿ

åòíîïîë³òèêè .................................................................. 204

5.2. Åòíîïîë³òè÷íà ñóá’ºêòí³ñòü íàö³é,

íàö³îíàëüíèõ (åòí³÷íèõ) ìåíøèí

³ êîð³ííèõ íàðîä³â ......................................................... 212

5.3. Ì³ñöå ïîë³òè÷íèõ ³íñòèòóò³â

â åòíîïîë³òè÷íèõ ïðîöåñàõ .......................................... 225

5.4. Îñîáëèâîñò³ ôóíêö³îíóâàííÿ ñóá’ºêò³â

â åòíîïîë³òèö³ Óêðà¿íè ................................................ 227

Âèñíîâêè ...................................................................................... 237

Çàïèòàííÿ .................................................................................. 239

Çàâäàííÿ ...................................................................................... 239

Òåìè ðåôåðàò³â .......................................................................... 239

Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíî¿ òà ðåêîìåíäîâàíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè ........ 240

425

Ðîçä³ë 6. Ì³æíàðîäíèé äîñâ³ä çàõèñòó ïðàâ íàö³îíàëüíèõ

ìåíøèí òà âò³ëåííÿ éîãî â óêðà¿íñüêîìó

çàêîíîäàâñòâ³ ............................................................ 241

6.1. Ôîðìóâàííÿ ñâ³òîâî¿ ïðàêòèêè çàõèñòó ïðàâ

íàö³îíàëüíèõ ìåíøèí .................................................. 241

6.2. Çàñòîñóâàííÿ ì³æíàðîäíîãî äîñâ³äó çàõèñòó

ïðàâ íàö³îíàëüíèõ ìåíøèí â óêðà¿íñüêîìó

çàêîíîäàâñòâ³ ................................................................. 273

Âèñíîâêè ...................................................................................... 284

Çàïèòàííÿ .................................................................................. 286

Çàâäàííÿ ...................................................................................... 286

Òåìè ðåôåðàò³â .......................................................................... 287

Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíî¿ òà ðåêîìåíäîâàíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè ........ 287

Ðîçä³ë 7. Åòíîêóëüòóðíà ïîë³òèêà .......................................... 289

7.1. Ïîíÿò³éíà òåðì³íîëîã³ÿ ................................................ 289

7.2. Åòíîêóëüòóðíà ñàìîîðãàí³çàö³ÿ åòíîêîìïîíåíò³â

â óêðà¿íñüêîìó ñîö³óì³ ................................................. 297

Âèñíîâêè ...................................................................................... 311

Çàïèòàííÿ .................................................................................. 313

Çàâäàííÿ ...................................................................................... 314

Òåìè ðåôåðàò³â .......................................................................... 314

Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíî¿ òà ðåêîìåíäîâàíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè ........ 315

Ðîçä³ë 8. Äåðæàâíà ïîë³òèêà ùîäî ðåïàòð³àíò³â ................ 318

8.1. Â³äíîâëåííÿ ³ñòîðè÷íî¿ ñïðàâåäëèâîñò³ ùîäî îñ³á,

äåïîðòîâàíèõ çà íàö³îíàëüíîþ îçíàêîþ .................... 318

8.2. Ðåïàòð³àö³ÿ âèõ³äö³â ç Óêðà¿íè òà íàáóòòÿ íèìè

ãðîìàäÿíñòâà .................................................................. 343

Âèñíîâêè ...................................................................................... 352

Çàïèòàííÿ .................................................................................. 355

Çàâäàííÿ ...................................................................................... 356

Òåìè ðåôåðàò³â .......................................................................... 356

Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíî¿ òà ðåêîìåíäîâàíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè ........ 356

426

Ðîçä³ë 9. Çîâí³øíüîïîë³òè÷íèé íàïðÿì åòíîïîë³òèêè

â Óêðà¿í³ .................................................................... 358

9.1. Ñï³âðîá³òíèöòâî Óêðà¿íè ç ì³æíàðîäíèìè

îðãàí³çàö³ÿìè ................................................................. 359

9.2. Çàõèñò ïðàâ íàö³îíàëüíèõ ìåíøèí øëÿõîì

óêëàäåííÿ ì³æíàðîäíèõ äîãîâîð³â

òà ì³æâ³äîì÷èõ óãîä ..................................................... 361

9.3. Ä³ÿëüí³ñòü çì³øàíèõ ì³æóðÿäîâèõ êîì³ñ³é .............. 364

9.4. Óêðà¿íñüêà ä³àñïîðà ó ñôåð³ çîâí³øíüî¿ ïîë³òèêè

Óêðà¿íè ........................................................................... 367

9.5. Ó÷àñòü íàö³îíàëüíèõ ìåíøèí ó ä³ÿëüíîñò³

íåóðÿäîâèõ îðãàí³çàö³é òà íàëàãîäæåíí³

òðàíñêîðäîííèõ êîíòàêò³â ........................................... 375

Âèñíîâêè ...................................................................................... 377

Çàïèòàííÿ .................................................................................. 378

Çàâäàííÿ ...................................................................................... 378

Òåìè ðåôåðàò³â .......................................................................... 379

Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíî¿ òà ðåêîìåíäîâàíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè ........ 379

Ðîçä³ë 10. Åòíîïîë³òè÷í³ êîíôë³êòè ...................................... 380

10.1. Ñïåöèô³êà åòíîïîë³òè÷íèõ êîíôë³êò³â

òà ¿õ ïðè÷èíè ............................................................... 380

10.2. Äèíàì³êà ³ òèïîëîã³ÿ åòíîïîë³òè÷íèõ

êîíôë³êò³â .................................................................... 389

10.3. Ôîðìè, ñïîñîáè ðåãóëþâàííÿ åòíîïîë³òè÷íèõ

êîíôë³êò³â .................................................................... 393

Âèñíîâêè ...................................................................................... 396

Çàïèòàííÿ .................................................................................. 398

Çàâäàííÿ ...................................................................................... 398

Òåìè ðåôåðàò³â .......................................................................... 398

Ñïèñîê âèêîðèñòàíî¿ òà ðåêîìåíäîâàíî¿ ë³òåðàòóðè ........ 398

Êîðîòêèé åòíîïîë³òè÷íèé ñëîâíèê

..................................... 400

427

Íàâ÷àëüíå âèäàííÿ

Àíòîíþê Îëåêñàíäð Âàñèëüîâè÷

ÎÑÍÎÂÈ ÅÒÍÎÏÎË²ÒÈÊÈ

Íàâ÷àëüíèé ïîñ³áíèê

Educational edition

Antoniuk, Oleksandr V.

THE BASICS OF ETHNOPOLICY

Educatioal Educational manualods manual

Â³äïîâ³äàëüíèé ðåäàêòîð Â. Ä. Áîíäàð

Ðåäàêòîð Í. Ò. Ïîïñóºíêî

Êîðåêòîðè Ë. Ï. Êîâàëü÷óê, À. À. Êàðïîâà

Êîìï’þòåðíå âåðñòàííÿ Î. À. Çàëóæíà, Ò. ². Ãóáàíîâà

Îôîðìëåííÿ îáêëàäèíêè Î. Î. Ñòåöåíêî

Ï³äï. äî äðóêó 20.12.04. Ôîðìàò 60

84/

. Ïàï³ð îôñåòíèé. Äðóê îôñåòíèé.

Óì. äðóê. àðê. 24,0. Îáë.-âèä. àðê. 24,7. Òèðàæ 3000 ïð. Çàì. ¹ 5-3

Ì³æðåã³îíàëüíà Àêàäåì³ÿ óïðàâë³ííÿ ïåðñîíàëîì (ÌÀÓÏ)

03039 Êè¿â-39, âóë. Ôðîìåò³âñüêà, 2, ÌÀÓÏ

Свідоцтво про внесення до Державного реєстру

суб’єктів видавничої справи ДК № 8 від 23.02.2000

ÂÀÒ “Á³ëîöåðê³âñüêà êíèæêîâà ôàáðèêà”

09117 Á³ëà Öåðêâà-17, âóë. Ëåñÿ Êóðáàñà, 4

The book analyzes the determinant problems of the ethnopilitical theory;

describes the theoretical, methodological, conceptual princi ples of forming the

ethnopolicy, which has its structure, content, philosophical, political, organiza-

tional and functional foundations; highlights the historical experience (both

positive and negative), its lessons in the area of ethnic policy pursued in the

territory of Ukraine; shows the mechanism of forming international standards

of protection of the rights of national minorities and their application in domes-

tic legislation. The manual is organizationally and methodologically adapted to the

modern teaching-learning process in higher education institutions of Ukraine.

The manual is meant for teachers, professors, students, post-graduates,

research officers, as well as for the reading public interested in the ethnopolitical

theory and the practice of the ethnopolitical life in Ukraine and in the world.